User:Ichthyovenator/Eurypterid list draft
[lede text]
[Sketch for idea for new format of the list of eurypterids (loosely based on the list of parrots) - only possible to implement in its entirity if genera have been worked on] [Add genera once they are nominated for GA - ensures the information is correct]
Suborder Eurypterina [WIP][edit]
Superfamily Adelophthalmoidea[edit]
Family Adelophthalmidae[edit]
| Genus & authority | Age | Geographical range | Length | Species | Image | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adelophthalmus Jordan, 1854 |
Early Devonian – Early Permian (Emsian – Artinskian) |
Nearly cosmopolitan (see species) |
4–32 cm (1.6–12.6 in) |
33 species
|
|
[1] |
| Bassipterus Kjellesvig-Waering & Leutze, 1966 |
Late Silurian (Ludlow – Pridoli) |
North America (United States) |
Uncertain | B. virginicus (West Virginia, US) | 
|
[2] |
| Eysyslopterus Størmer, 1934 |
Late Silurian (Ludlow) |
Europe (Estonia) |
8 cm (3.1 in) |
E. patteni (Estonia) | 
|
[3] |
| Nanahughmilleria Kiær, 1911 |
Early Silurian – Middle Devonian (Llandovery – Eifelian) |
Asia, Europe & North America (England, Norway, Russia, Scotland (?) & United States) |
4–10 cm[a] (1.6–3.9 in) |
7 species
|
|
[6] |
| Parahughmilleria Kjellesvig-Waering, 1961 |
Early Silurian – Middle Devonian (Llandovery – Eifelian) |
Asia, Europe & North America (England, Germany, Russia & United States) |
6–12.5 cm (2.4–5 in) |
8 species
|
|
[7] |
| Pittsfordipterus Kjellesvig-Waering & Leutze, 1966 |
Late Silurian (Ludlow) |
North America (United States) |
6 cm (2.4 in) |
P. phelpsae (New York, US) | 
|
[3] |
| Pruemopterus Poschmann, 2020 |
Early Devonian (Emsian) |
Europe (Germany) |
2.5 cm (1 in) |
P. salgadoi (Germany) | 
|
[8] |
| Unionopterus[b] Chernyshev, 1948 |
Early Carboniferous (Precise date uncertain) |
Asia (Kazakhstan) |
Uncertain | U. anastasiae (Kazakhstan) | 
|
[10] |
Superfamily Carcinosomatoidea [WIP][edit]
Family Carcinosomatidae[edit]
| Genus & authority | Age | Geographical range | Length | Species | Image | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carcinosoma Claypole, 1890 |
Early – Late Silurian (Llandovery – Pridoli) |
Europe & North America (Canada, England, Scotland & United States) |
20 cm – 2.2 m (7.9 in – 7.2 ft) |
7 species
|
|
[11] |
| Eocarcinosoma Caster & Kjellesvig-Waering, 1964 |
Late Ordovician (Ashgillian) |
North America (United States) |
Uncertain | E. batrachophthalmus (Ohio, US) | 
|
[11] |
| Eusarcana Strand, 1942 |
Middle Silurian – Early Devonian (Wenlock – Lochkovian) |
Europe & North America (Czech Republic, Canada, Scotland & United States) |
4–80 cm (1.5–31.5 in) |
E. acrocephalus (Czech Republic) E. obesus (Scotland) E. scorpionis (New York, US; Canada) |
|
[11] |
| Holmipterus[c] Kjellesvig-Waering, 1979 |
Middle Silurian (Wenlock) |
Europe (Sweden) |
Uncertain | H. suecicus (Sweden) | 
|
[10] |
| Rhinocarcinosoma Novojilov, 1962 |
Late Silurian (Ludlow) |
Asia & North America (Canada, Vietnam & United States) |
22–39 cm[d] (8.7–15.4 in) |
R. cicerops (New York, US) R. dosonensis (Vietnam) R. vaningeni (New York, US) |
|
[16] |
Family Megalograptidae [WIP][edit]
| Genus & authority | Age | Geographical range | Length | Species | Image | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Echinognathus Walcott, 1882 |
Late Ordovician (Katian) |
North America (United States) |
45 cm (17.7 in) |
E. clevelandi (New York, US) | 
|
[17] |
| Megalograptus Miller, 1874 |
Late Ordovician (Katian) |
North America (Canada & United States) |
10–78 cm[e] (3.9–30.7 in) |
5 species
|
|
[19] |
- (Pentecopterus)
Family Mixopteridae [WIP][edit]
| Genus & authority | Age | Geographical range | Length | Species | Image | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terropterus Wang et al., 2021 |
Early Silurian (Llandovery) |
Asia (China) |
40 cm – 1 m (15.7 in – 3.3 ft) |
T. xiushanesis (China) | 
|
[20] |
- (Lanarkopterus)
- (Mixopterus)
Superfamily Eurypteroidea [WIP][edit]
- (Paraeurypterus)
- (Pentlandopterus)
Family Dolichopteridae [WIP][edit]
- (Clarkeipterus)
- (Dolichopterus)
- (Ruedemannipterus)
Family Eurypteridae [WIP][edit]
- (Erieopterus)
- (Eurypterus)
Family Strobilopteridae [WIP][edit]
- (Buffalopterus)
- (Strobilopterus)
Superfamily Moselopteroidea [WIP][edit]
Family Moselopteridae [WIP][edit]
- (Moselopterus)
- (Stoermeropterus)
- (Vinetopterus)
Superfamily Onychopterelloidea [WIP][edit]
Family Onychopterellidae [WIP][edit]
| Genus & authority | Age | Geographical range | Length | Species | Image | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Onychopterella Størmer, 1951 |
Late Ordovician – Late Silurian (Hirnantian – Pridoli) |
Africa & North America (South Africa & United States) |
4–16 cm (1.6–6.3 in) |
O. augusti (South Africa) O. kokomoensis (Indiana, US) ?O. pumilus (Illinois, US) |
|
[21] |
| Tylopterella Størmer, 1951 |
Late Silurian (Ludlow) |
North America (Canada) |
7.5 cm (3 in) |
T. boylei (Canda) | 
|
[22] |
- (Alkenopterus)
Superfamily Pterygotioidea[edit]
Family Hughmilleriidae[edit]
| Genus & authority | Age | Geographical range | Length | Species | Image | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Herefordopterus Tetlie, 2006 |
Late Silurian (Pridoli) |
Europe (England) |
12 cm (5 in) |
H. banksii (England) | 
|
[3] |
| Hughmilleria Sarle, 1903 |
Early – Late Silurian (Llandovery – Ludlow) |
Asia & North America (China & United States) |
6–20 cm (2.4–8 in) |
H. shawangunk (eastern US) H. socialis (New York, US) H. wangi (China) |
|
[3] |
Family Pterygotidae[edit]
| Genus & authority | Age | Geographical range | Length | Species | Image | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acutiramus Ruedemann, 1935 |
Late Silurian – Early Devonian (Ludlow – Lochkovian) |
Europe & North America (United States, Canada & Czech Republic)[f] |
20 cm – 2.1 m (8 in – 6.9 ft) |
7 species
|
|
[24] |
| Ciurcopterus Tetlie & Briggs, 2009 |
Late Silurian (Ludlow – Pridoli) |
North America (United States) |
50–70 cm (20–28 in) |
C. sarlei (New York, US) C. ventricosus (Indiana, US) |
|
[24] |
| Erettopterus Salter, 1859 |
Early Silurian – Early Devonian (Llandovery – Lochkovian) |
Europe & North America (Canada, England, Estonia, Norway, United States & Sweden) |
9–90 cm[g] (3.5 in – 3 ft) |
19 species
|
|
[25] |
| Jaekelopterus Waterston, 1964 |
Early Devonian (Pragian – Emsian) |
Europe & North America (Germany & United States) |
80 cm – 2.5 m (2.6–8.2 ft) |
J. howelli (Wyoming, US) J. rhenaniae (Germany) |
|
[26] |
| Necrogammarus[h] Woodward, 1870 |
Late Silurian (Ludlow) |
Europe (England) |
Uncertain | N. salweyi (England) | 
|
[28] |
| Pterygotus Agassiz, 1839 |
Middle Silurian – Late Devonian (Wenlock – Frasnian) |
Nearly cosmopolitan (see species) |
50 cm – 1.75 m (20 in – 5.7 ft) |
23 species
|
|
[29] |
Family Slimonidae[edit]
| Genus & authority | Age | Geographical range | Length | Species | Image | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salteropterus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1951 |
Late Silurian (Pridoli) |
Europe (England) |
Uncertain | S. abbreviatus (England) ?S. longilabium (England) |
|
[6] |
| Slimonia Page, 1856 |
Early – Late Silurian (Llandovery – Pridoli) |
Europe & South America (Scotland, England (?) & Bolivia) |
12 cm – 1 m (5 in – 3.3 ft) |
S. acuminata (Scotland) S. boliviana (Bolivia) S. dubia (Scotland) ?S. stylops (England) |
|
[30] |
Superfamily Waeringopteroidea [WIP][edit]
Family Waeringopteridae [WIP][edit]
- (Grossopterus)
- (Orcanopterus)
- (Waeringopterus)
Incertae sedis[edit]
| Genus & authority | Age | Geographical range | Length | Species | Image | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wiedopterus[i] Poschmann, 2015 |
Early Devonian (Emsian) |
Europe (Germany) |
Uncertain | W. noctua (Germany) | 
|
[31] |
Suborder Stylonurina [WIP][edit]
[Waiting with doing anything here because of the Hibbertopterus stuff and because we've worked so little on this suborder]
Incertae sedis [WIP][edit]
| Genus & authority | Age | Geographical range | Length | Species | Image | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dorfopterus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1955 |
Early Devonian (Emsian) |
North America (United States) |
Uncertain | D. angusticollis (Wyoming, US) | 
|
[32] |
- (Marsupipterus)
Invalid and dubious genera [WIP][edit]
[Could be confined to a section of their own - low priority to fix this part right now, should probably have a bit different structure than the rest]
Notes[edit]
- ^ The species N. lanceolata reached lengths of approximately 16 centimetres (6.3 in),[4] but its classification is uncertain and it is more likely to be part of the Eurypteroidea rather than Nanahughmilleria.[5]
- ^ Classification uncertain due to poor quality photographs in the original description and the probable loss of the type specimen. Variously seen as a genus close to Adelophthalmus, as incertae sedis within the Eurypterida, or ignored altogether.[9]
- ^ Highly uncertain classification: the fragmentary fossil material appears to combine features of both the Carcinosomatidae and the Megalograptidae[12] and could possibly represent two different genera.[13] Holmipterus was recovered in the Carcinosomatidae in a 2015 phylogenetic analysis.[14]
- ^ The species R. cicerops is known from considerably smaller specimens, but all known R. cicerops specimens are juveniles.[15]
- ^ Previously reported size estimates in excess of 2 metres (6.6 ft) were erroneous, based on mistaken interpretations of fragmentary fossil material.[18]
- ^ Also potentially present in Australia.[23]
- ^ The species E. grandis may have reached a maximum size of 2.5 metres (8.2 ft), though this is based on isolated fossil remains and is in need of verification.[4]
- ^ Fragmentary fossil, possibly synonym of Pterygotus or Erettopterus.[27]
- ^ Classified as Eurypterina incertae sedis in its original description but suggested to probably belong to the Adelophthalmoidea on account of several morphological traits.[31]
References[edit]
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, pp. 24–25; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material; Shpinev 2012, p. 470; Shpinev & Filimonov 2018, p. 1559; Lamsdell et al. 2020, pp. 1–5.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 25; Paleobiology Database - Wills Creek.
- ^ a b c d Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 25; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material.
- ^ a b Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material.
- ^ Tetlie & Poschmann 2008, p. 238.
- ^ a b Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, pp. 25, 28; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, pp. 22, 25; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material; Poschmann 2015, p. 783; Miller, Kennedy & Gibling 2012, p. 15.
- ^ Poschmann 2020, pp. 17–26.
- ^ Tetlie & Van Roy 2006, p. 80.
- ^ a b Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 28; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material.
- ^ a b c Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 23; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material.
- ^ Kjellesvig-Waering 1979, pp. 122–128.
- ^ Tollerton 1989, p. 652.
- ^ Lamsdell et al. 2015, p. 25.
- ^ Clarke & Ruedemann 1912.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 23; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material; Braddy, Selden & Truong 2002, p. 897; Braddy & Dunlop 2000, p. 1167.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 21; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material.
- ^ Lamsdell et al. 2015, p. 15.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 21; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material; Lamsdell et al. 2015, p. 15.
- ^ Wang et al. 2021, pp. 1–4.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 20; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 20; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material; Whiteaves 1884, p. 43.
- ^ Bicknell, Smith & Poschmann 2020, p. 167.
- ^ a b Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 26; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, pp. 26–27; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material; Kjellesvig-Waering 1979, pp. 133, 135.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 27; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material.
- ^ Selden 1986, p. 629.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 27; Selden 1986, p. 629.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 27–28; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material; Olive et al. 2019, p. e1620247-15.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, pp. 25–26, 28; Lamsdell & Braddy 2009, Supplemental Material.
- ^ a b Poschmann 2015.
- ^ Dunlop, Penney & Jekel 2018, p. 28; Tetlie 2007, p. 1423–1424.
Bibliography[edit]
- Bicknell, Russell D. C.; Smith, Patrick M.; Poschmann, Markus J. (2020). "Re-evaluating evidence of Australian eurypterids". Gondwana Research. 86: 164–181. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2020.06.002. ISSN 1342-937X. S2CID 225748023.
- Braddy, Simon J.; Dunlop, Jason A. (2000). "Early Devonian eurypterids from the Northwest Territories of Arctic Canada". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 37 (8): 1167–1175. doi:10.1139/e00-023. ISSN 0008-4077.
- Braddy, Simon J.; Selden, Paul A.; Truong, Doan Nhat (2002). "A New Carcinosomatid Eurypterid From The Upper Silurian Of Northern Vietnam". Palaeontology. 45 (5): 897–915. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00267. hdl:1808/8358. ISSN 1475-4983. S2CID 129450304.
- Clarke, John M.; Ruedemann, Rudolf (1912). The Eurypterida of New York. University of California Libraries. ISBN 978-1125460221.
- Dunlop, Jason A.; Penney, David; Jekel, Denise (2018). "A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives" (PDF). World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - Kjellesvig-Waering, Erik N. (1979). "Eurypterids" (PDF). In Laufeld, Sven; Skoglund, Roland (eds.). Lower Wenlock faunal and floral dynamics – Vattenfallet section, Gotland (PDF). pp. 121–136. ISBN 9171581707.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - Lamsdell, James C.; Braddy, Simon J. (2009). "Cope's rule and Romer's theory: patterns of diversity and gigantism in eurypterids and Palaeozoic vertebrates". Biology Letters. 6 (2): 265–9. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0700. PMC 2865068. PMID 19828493.
- Lamsdell, James C.; Briggs, Derek E. G.; Liu, Huaibao; Witzke, Brian J.; McKay, Robert M. (2015). "The oldest described eurypterid: a giant Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian) megalograptid from the Winneshiek Lagerstätte of Iowa". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 15: 169. doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0443-9. PMC 4556007. PMID 26324341.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - Lamsdell, James C.; McCoy, Victoria E.; Perron-Feller, Opal A.; Hopkins, Melanie J. (2020). "Air Breathing in an Exceptionally Preserved 340-Million-Year-Old Sea Scorpion". Current Biology. 30 (21): 4316–4321. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.034. PMID 32916114. S2CID 221590821.
- Miller, Randall F.; Kennedy, Kirsten; Gibling, Martin R. (2012). "A eurypterid from the lacustrine facies of the Early Devonian Campbellton Formation, New Brunswick, Canada". Atlantic Geology. 48: 14–19. doi:10.4138/atlgeol.2012.002.
- Olive, Sébastien; Pradel, Alan; Martinez-Pérez, Carlos; Janvier, Philippe; Lamsdell, James C.; Gueriau, Pierre; Rabet, Nicolas; Duranleau-Gagnon, Philippe; Cardenas-Rozo, Andres L.; Zapata Ramirez, Paula A.; Botella, Héctor (2019). "New insights into Late Devonian vertebrates and associated fauna from the Cuche Formation (Floresta Massif, Colombia)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (3): e1620247. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1620247. hdl:10784/26939. S2CID 198237241.
- Poschmann, Markus (2015). "Sea scorpions (Chelicerata, Eurypterida) from the Lower Devonian (Siegenian) of the Lahrbach Valley/Westerwald area (SW Germany, Rhineland-Palatinate)". Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 89 (4): 783–793. doi:10.1007/s12542-015-0261-9. ISSN 0031-0220. S2CID 128555537.
- Poschmann, Markus J. (2020). "A new sea scorpion (Arthropoda, Eurypterida) from the Early Devonian of Willwerath (Rhineland-Palatinate, SW Germany)". PalZ. 95: 17–26. doi:10.1007/s12542-020-00519-6. S2CID 221478876.
- Selden, Paul A. (1986). "A new identity for the Silurian arthropod Necrogammarus". Palaeontology. 29 (3): 629–631.
- Shpinev, Evgeniy S. (2012). "New species of the genus Adelophthalmus (Eurypterida, Chelicerata) found in the Middle Devonian of Khakassia". Paleontological Journal. 46 (5): 470–475. doi:10.1134/S0031030112050103. S2CID 84097923.
- Shpinev, Evgeniy S.; Filimonov, A. N. (2018). "A New Record of Adelophthalmus (Eurypterida, Chelicerata) from the Devonian of the South Minusinsk Depression". Paleontological Journal. 52 (13): 1553–1560. doi:10.1134/S0031030118130129. S2CID 91741388.
- Tetlie, O. Erik; Van Roy, P. (2006). "A reappraisal of Eurypterus dumonti Stainier, 1917 and its position within the Adelophthalmidae Tollerton, 1989". Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre. 76: 79–90. ISSN 0374-6291. S2CID 86355451.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - Tetlie, Odd Erik (2007). "Like father, like son? Not amongst the eurypterids (Chelicerata) from Beartooth Butte, Wyoming". Journal of Paleontology. 81 (6): 1423–1431. doi:10.1666/06-033R1.1. JSTOR 4541258. S2CID 131602038.
- Tetlie, O. Erik; Poschmann, Markus (2008-06-01). "Phylogeny and palaeoecology of the Adelophthalmoidea (Arthropoda; Chelicerata; Eurypterida)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 6 (2): 237–249. doi:10.1017/S1477201907002416. S2CID 59488956.
- Tollerton, Victor P. (1989). "Morphology, taxonomy, and classification of the order Eurypterida Burmeister, 1843". Journal of Paleontology. 63 (5): 642–657. doi:10.1017/S0022336000041275. ISSN 0022-3360. S2CID 46953627.
- Wang, Han; Dunlop, Jason; Gai, Zhikun; Lei, Xiaojie; Jarzembowski, Edmund A.; Wang, Bo (2021). "First Mixopterid Eurypterids (Arthropoda: Chelicerata) from the Lower Silurian of South China". Science Bulletin. 66 (22): 2277–2280. doi:10.1016/j.scib.2021.07.019. ISSN 2095-9273.
- Whiteaves, Joseph F. (1884). "On some new, imperfectly characterized or previously unrecorded species of fossils from the Guelph Formations of Ontario". Palaeozoic Fossils of Canada. 3 (1): 1–43.
Web sources[edit]
- "Eurypterid-associated biota of the Wills Creek Fmn., Maryland and W. Virginia: Ludlow - Pridoli, Maryland". The Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 28 July 2021.