Iguanodontia: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
mNo edit summary |
merged down Tag: New redirect |
||
| (2 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| ⚫ | |||
{{Short description|Extinct clade of dinosaurs}} |
|||
{{Automatic taxobox |
|||
| fossil_range= [[Middle Jurassic]]–[[Late Cretaceous]], {{Fossil range|164|66}} |
|||
| image = Display at the Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, Norman, Oklahoma (5977785055).jpg |
|||
| image_caption = ''[[Tenontosaurus]]'' skeletal mounts at the [[Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History]] |
|||
| taxon = Iguanodontia |
|||
| authority = [[Georg Baur|Baur]], [[1891 in paleontology|1891]] |
|||
| subdivision_ranks = Subgroups |
|||
| subdivision = |
|||
*{{extinct}}''[[Cumnoria]]'' |
|||
*{{extinct}}''[[Eucercosaurus]]'' |
|||
*{{extinct}}''[[Fostoria dhimbangunmal|Fostoria]]'' |
|||
*{{extinct}}''[[Napaisaurus]]'' |
|||
*{{extinct}}''[[Syngonosaurus]]'' |
|||
*{{extinct}}''[[Tenontosaurus]]'' |
|||
*{{extinct}}[[Elasmaria]]? |
|||
*{{extinct}}[[Rhabdodontomorpha]] |
|||
*{{extinct}}'''Dryomorpha''' |
|||
**{{extinct}}''[[Hesperonyx]]'' |
|||
**{{extinct}}''[[Owenodon]]'' |
|||
**{{extinct}}[[Dryosauridae]] |
|||
**{{extinct}}[[Ankylopollexia]] |
|||
}} |
|||
The '''Iguanodontia''' (the '''iguanodonts''') are a [[clade]] of herbivorous [[dinosaur]]s that lived from the [[Middle Jurassic]] to [[Late Cretaceous]]. Some members include ''[[Camptosaurus]]'', ''[[Dryosaurus]]'', ''[[Iguanodon]]'', ''[[Tenontosaurus]]'', and the [[Hadrosauridae|hadrosaurids]] or "duck-billed dinosaurs". Iguanodontians were one of the first groups of dinosaurs to be found. They are among the best known of the dinosaurs, and were among the most diverse and widespread herbivorous dinosaur groups of the Cretaceous period.<ref name=iguanacolossus>{{cite journal | last1 = McDonald | first1 = A.T. | last2 = Kirkland | first2 = J.I. | last3 = DeBlieux | first3 = D.D. | last4 = Madsen | first4 = S.K. | last5 = Cavin | first5 = J. | last6 = Milner | first6 = A.R.C. | last7 = Panzarin | first7 = L. | year = 2010 | title = New Basal Iguanodontians from the Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah and the Evolution of Thumb-Spiked Dinosaurs | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 5| issue = 11| page = e14075 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0014075 | pmid = 21124919 | pmc=2989904 | bibcode = 2010PLoSO...514075M | editor1-last = Farke | editor1-first = Andrew Allen| doi-access = free }}</ref> |
|||
==Classification== |
|||
[[File:Beneski Museum of Natural History Dryosaurus altus.jpg|left|thumb|Skeletal mount of ''[[Dryosaurus]]'' at the [[Beneski Museum of Natural History]]]] |
|||
[[File:Camptosaurus fruita.jpg|thumb|Skeletal mount of ''[[Camptosaurus]]'' at the Museum of Western Colorado's Dinosaur Journey Museum]] |
|||
Iguanodontia is often listed as an infraorder within a suborder [[Ornithopoda]], though Benton (2004) lists Ornithopoda as an infraorder and does not rank Iguanodontia. Traditionally, iguanodontians were grouped into the superfamily Iguanodontoidea and family [[Iguanodontidae]]. However, [[phylogenetic]] studies show that the traditional "iguanodontids" are a [[paraphyletic]] grade leading up to the [[hadrosaurid|hadrosaurs]] (duck-billed dinosaurs). Groups like Iguanodontoidea are sometimes still used as unranked [[clade]]s in the scientific literature, though many traditional "iguanodontids" are now included in the more inclusive group [[Hadrosauroidea]].{{citation needed|date=July 2018}} |
|||
Iguanodontia was originally phylogenetically defined, by [[Paul Sereno]], in 1998, as the most inclusive group containing ''[[Parasaurolophus walkeri]]'' but not ''[[Hypsilophodon foxii]]''. Later, in 2005, he amended the definition to include ''[[Thescelosaurus neglectus]]'' as a secondary external specifier, alongside ''Hypsilophodon'', accounting for the paraphyletic nature of [[Hypsilophodontidae]].<ref name="taxonsearch">{{cite web | url=http://taxonsearch.uchicago.edu/?tax_id=178&exe=display&ke=key | title=Iguanodontia | publisher=TaxonSearch | date=2005 | access-date=July 5, 2018 | author=Sereno, Paul}}</ref> A 2017 study which named and described ''[[Burianosaurus]]'' noted that the type species ''[[Iguanodon bernissartensis]]'' must be part of the definition, and that the 2005 definition would, in their analysis, include a far larger group than intended (including [[Marginocephalia]]). They proposed an entirely new, [[phylogenetic nomenclature#Phylogenetic definitions of clade names|node-based]] definition: the last common ancestor of ''Iguanodon bernissartensis'', ''[[Dryosaurus altus]]'', ''[[Rhabdodon priscus]]'', and ''[[Tenontosaurus tilletti]]''.<ref name=madzia2017>{{cite journal|last1=Madzia|first1=Daniel|last2=Boyd|first2=Clint A.|last3=Mazuch|first3=Martin|title=A basal ornithopod dinosaur from the Cenomanian of the Czech Republic|journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology|volume=16|issue=11|date=2017|pages=967–979|doi=10.1080/14772019.2017.1371258 |s2cid=90008574|url=https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/A_basal_ornithopod_dinosaur_from_the_Cenomanian_of_the_Czech_Republic/5436457 }}</ref> In 2021, Iguanodontia was given a formal definition under the [[PhyloCode]]: "The smallest clade containing ''Dryosaurus altus'', ''Iguanodon bernissartensis'', ''Rhabdodon priscus'', and ''Tenontosaurus tilletti'', provided that it does not include ''Hypsilophodon foxii''." Under this revised definition, Iguanodontia is limited to its traditionally included species, and if it were found to include hypsilophodonts, which were not traditionally considered iguanodontians, it would become an invalid grouping.<ref name=madziaetal2021>Madzia D, Arbour VM, Boyd CA, Farke AA, Cruzado-Caballero P, Evans DC. 2021. The phylogenetic nomenclature of ornithischian dinosaurs. ''PeerJ'' '''9''':e12362 [https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12362|https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12362]</ref> |
|||
The [[cladogram]] below follows an analysis by Madzia ''et al.'' (2017):<ref name=madzia2017 /> |
|||
{{clade| style=font-size:90%;line-height:90% |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
|1={{clade |
|||
|1=''[[Gideonmantellia]]'' |
|||
|2={{clade |
|||
|1=[[Elasmaria]] |
|||
|2={{clade |
|||
|1=''[[Burianosaurus]]'' |
|||
|label2='''Iguanodontia''' |
|||
|2={{clade |
|||
|label1=[[Rhabdodontomorpha]] |
|||
|1={{clade |
|||
|1=''[[Muttaburrasaurus]]'' |
|||
|2=[[Rhabdodontidae]] }} |
|||
|2={{clade |
|||
|1=''[[Tenontosaurus]]'' |
|||
|label2=Dryomorpha |
|||
|2={{clade |
|||
|1=[[Dryosauridae]] |
|||
|label2=[[Ankylopollexia]] |
|||
|2={{clade |
|||
|1=''[[Camptosaurus]]'' |
|||
|2={{clade |
|||
|1=''[[Iguanodon]]'' |
|||
|2=''[[Ouranosaurus]]'' }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} |
|||
==References== |
|||
{{Reflist}} |
|||
==External links== |
|||
* {{Wikispecies-inline|Iguanodontia}} |
|||
{{Portal bar|Dinosaurs}} |
|||
{{Ornithopoda|O.}} |
|||
{{Taxonbar|from=Q134190}} |
|||
[[Category:Iguanodonts| ]] |
|||
[[Category:Callovian first appearances]] |
|||
[[Category:Maastrichtian extinctions]] |
|||
[[Category:Taxa named by Georg Baur]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 02:59, 6 June 2024
Redirect to: