View source for Foreign relations of Brazil

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{{Politics of Brazil}}The [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Brazil)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]] is responsible for managing the '''foreign relations of Brazil'''. [[Brazil]] has the [[Economy of Brazil|largest economy]] in Latin America and is a key political and [[economic power]] on the world stage.<ref>[http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/south-america/brazil?profile=intRelations&pg=4 Country Profile: Brazil] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524124435/http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/about-the-fco/country-profiles/south-america/brazil?profile=intRelations&pg=4 |date=2011-05-24 }} UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Retrieved on 2009-01-05.</ref> Brazil's [[foreign policy]] reflects its role as a [[regional power]] and a potential [[world power]] and is designed to help protect the country's [[national interests]], [[national security]], [[ideology|ideological goals]], and [[prosperity|economic prosperity]].

Between World War II and 1990, both [[democratic government|democratic]] and [[Military dictatorship|military]] governments sought to expand Brazil's influence in the world by pursuing a state-led [[industrial policy]] and an independent foreign policy. Brazilian foreign policy has recently aimed to strengthen ties with other South American countries, engage in multilateral diplomacy through the [[United Nations]] and the [[Organization of American States]], and act at times as a countervailing force to U.S. political and economic influence in Latin America.

==Overview==

The [[President of Brazil|President]] has ultimate authority over foreign policy, while [[National Congress of Brazil|Congress]] is tasked with reviewing and considering all diplomatic nominations and [[Treaty|international treaties]], as well as legislation relating to Brazilian foreign policy.<ref>[http://www.v-brazil.com/government/laws/titleIV.html Article 84 of the Federal Constitution of Brazil] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190919114914/http://www.v-brazil.com/government/laws/titleIV.html |date=2019-09-19 }} V-Brazil. Retrieved on 2011-09-20.</ref>

The [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Brazil)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]], also known as Itamaraty, is the government department responsible for advising the President and conducting Brazil's foreign relations with other countries and international bodies. Itamaraty's scope includes political, commercial, economic, financial, cultural and consular relations, areas in which it performs the classical tasks of diplomacy: represent, inform and administer. Foreign policy priorities are established by the President.

==Foreign policy==
Brazil's foreign policy is a by-product of the country's unique position as a [[regional power]] in Latin America, a leader among [[Developing country|developing countries]], and an emerging [[world power]].<ref>[http://www.wilsoncenter.org/news/docs/RL33456.pdf U.S. Congressional Report on Brazil] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710013700/http://www.wilsoncenter.org/news/docs/RL33456.pdf |date=2009-07-10 }} [[United States Congress]]. Retrieved on 2009-06-23.</ref> Brazilian foreign policy has generally been based on the principles of [[multilateralism]], peaceful dispute settlement, and non-intervention in the affairs of other countries.<ref>Georges D. Landau, "The Decision-making Process in Foreign Policy: The Case of Brazil," Center for Strategic and International Studies: Washington DC: March 2003</ref> Brazil engages in multilateral diplomacy through the Organization of American States and the United Nations, and has increased ties with developing countries in Africa and Asia. Brazil is currently commanding a multinational U.N. stabilization force in Haiti, the [[MINUSTAH]]. Instead of pursuing unilateral prerogatives, Brazilian foreign policy has tended to emphasize regional integration, first through the [[Mercosur|Southern Cone Common Market (Mercosul)]] and now the [[Union of South American Nations]]. Brazil is also committed to cooperation with other Portuguese-speaking nations<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brasilemb.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=144&Itemid=133|title=Brasilemb.org|website=www.brasilemb.org}}</ref> through joint-collaborations with the rest of the Portuguese-speaking world, in several domains which include military cooperation, financial aid, and cultural exchange. This is done in the framework of [[CPLP]],<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.cplp.org/Default.aspx| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081006041702/http://www.cplp.org/Default.aspx| archive-date = 2008-10-06| title = CPLP - Comunidades dos Países de Língua Portuguesa}}</ref> for instance. Lula da Silva visit to Africa in 2003 included State visits to three Portuguese-speaking African nations ([[Angola]], [[São Tomé and Príncipe]], and [[Mozambique]]).<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3234519.stm | work=BBC News | title=Brazil's president visits Angola | date=2003-11-03 | access-date=2010-04-02}}</ref> Finally, Brazil is also strongly committed in the development and restoration of peace in [[East Timor]], where it has a very powerful influence.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Pepe|first=Leandro Leone|title=O envolvimento do Brasil na questão timorense|journal=Revue Lusotopie XIII|year=2005|url=http://docserver.ingentaconnect.com/deliver/connect/brill/12570273/v13n2/s2.pdf?expires=1347340272&id=70397587&titleid=75000163&accname=Guest+User&checksum=92066919CF39D1CE272B3FC32CDDA017|access-date=11 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Brazil sends observers to East Timor elections|url=http://www.brazil.org.uk/press/pressreleases_files/20070622.html|publisher=Embassy of Brazil in London|access-date=11 September 2012|date=June 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305055634/http://www.brazil.org.uk/press/pressreleases_files/20070622.html|archive-date=5 March 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Brazil's political, business, and military ventures are complemented by the country's [[trade policy]]. In Brazil, the [[Ministry of Foreign Relations of Brazil|Ministry of Foreign Relations]] continues to dominate trade policy, causing the country's commercial interests to be (at times) subsumed by a larger foreign policy goal, namely, enhancing Brazil's influence in Latin America and the world.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Rodrigues|first1=Pietro|last2=Urdinez|first2=Francisco|last3=de Oliveira|first3=Amâncio|date=2019-07-01|title=Measuring International Engagement: Systemic and Domestic Factors in Brazilian Foreign Policy from 1998 to 2014|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/fpa/orz010|journal=Foreign Policy Analysis|volume=15|issue=3|pages=370–391|doi=10.1093/fpa/orz010|issn=1743-8586}}</ref><ref>''CRS Report RL33258, Brazilian Trade Policy and the United States'', by J. F. Hornbeck</ref> For example, while concluding meaningful trade agreements with [[developed countries]] (such as the United States and the [[European Union]]) would probably be beneficial to Brazil's long-term economic self-interest, the Brazilian government has instead prioritized its leadership role within Mercosul and expanded trade ties with countries in Africa, Asia and the Middle East.

Brazil's [[soft power]] diplomacy involves institutional strategies such as the formation of diplomatic coalitions to constrain the power of the established [[great power]]s.<ref name="RBPI">[http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0034-73292010000100008&script=sci_arttext Brazil in the BRIC initiative: soft balancing in the shifting world order?] Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional. Retrieved on 2011-09-30.</ref> In recent years, it has given high priority in establishing political dialogue with other [[middle power|strategic actors]] such as India, Russia, China and South Africa through participation in international groupings such as [[BASIC countries|BASIC]], [[IBSA Dialogue Forum|IBSA]] and [[BRICS]]. The BRICS states have been amongst the most powerful drivers of incremental change in world diplomacy and they benefit most from the connected global power shifts.<ref name="RBPI" />

===Workers Party administration: 2003-2016===
{{See also|List of presidential trips made by Dilma Rousseff}}
[[File:FIDEL NA POSSE DO LULA EM 2003.jpg|thumb|Lula and Cuban leader [[Fidel Castro]], 2003]]
[[File:Vladimir Putin with Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva-2.jpg|thumbnail|Lula with [[President of Russia]] [[Vladimir Putin]], 2005]]
[[File:Chavez e Lula.jpg|thumb|Lula and Venezuelan President [[Hugo Chavez]], 2005]]
[[File:Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 2009.jpg|thumb|Lula with Iranian president [[Ahmadinejad]], 2009]]
The Brazilian foreign policy under the [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva|Lula da Silva]] administration (2003–2010) focused on the following directives: to contribute toward the search for greater equilibrium and attenuate [[unilateralism]]; to strengthen [[Bilateralism|bilateral]] and [[Multilateralism|multilateral]] relations in order to increase the country's weight in political and economic negotiations on an international level; to deepen relations so as to benefit from greater economical, financial, technological and cultural interchange; to avoid agreements that could jeopardize development in the long term.<ref name="UNESP">[http://www.allacademic.com//meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/1/8/0/4/5/pages180452/p180452-1.php Lula da Silva’s Foreign Policy: The Autonomy through Diversification Strategy] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830113935/http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/1/8/0/4/5/pages180452/p180452-1.php |date=2009-08-30 }} Vigevani, Tullo; Cepaluni, Gabriel. Retrieved on 2009-07-11.</ref>

These directives implied precise emphasis on: the search for political coordination with [[Newly industrialized country|emerging]] and [[Developing country|developing countries]], namely India, South Africa, Russia and China; creation of the [[Union of South American Nations]] and its derivative bodies, such as the South American Security Council; strengthening of [[Mercosul]]; projection at the [[Doha Development Round|Doha Round]] and [[World Trade Organization|WTO]]; maintenance of relations with [[developed country|developed countries]], including the United States; undertaking and narrowing of relations with African countries; campaign for the [[reform of the United Nations Security Council]] and for a permanent seat for Brazil; and defense of social objectives allowing for a greater equilibrium between the States and populations.<ref name="UNESP"/>

From 2003 to 2010, Lula embraced China as central to reforming what he considered an unjust global order.<ref name="auto11">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/04/13/lula-should-be-clear-eyed-about-beijing|title=Lula Should Be Clear-Eyed About Beijing|work= Human Rights Watch|date=13 April 2023}}</ref> Lula stated Brazil's commitment to the One China principle that is the position held by the [[People's Republic of China]] and the ruling [[Chinese Communist Party]], saying that the government of the People's Republic of China was the sole legal government representing the whole of China, including [[Taiwan]] -- as part of China.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfa.gov.cn/eng/wjdt_665385/2649_665393/200906/t20090610_679258.html|title=Joint Communiqué Between the People's Republic of China and The Federative Republic of Brazil on Further Strengthening China-Brazil Strategic Partnership|website=mfa.gov.cn}}</ref>

Under Lula, Brazil provided money and corporate support to Cuba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.mercopress.com/2003/09/27/brazil-cuba-sign-200m-in-business-deals|title=Brazil, Cuba Sign $200M in Business Deals.|website=MercoPress}}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/feb/25/fidel-castro-cuba-lula-brazil|title=Fidel Castro holds 'emotional' meeting with Brazilian president|first=Haroon|last=Siddique|date=25 February 2010|work=The Guardian}}</ref> The state-controlled Brazilian oil company [[Petrobras]] studied the possibility of drilling for oil off of Cuba, while the [[Odebrecht]] construction firm headed a revamp of the Cuban port of [[Mariel, Cuba|Mariel]] into the island's main commercial port.<ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN15536192/|title=Brazil's Lula offers Cuba oil knowhow, credit |website=Reuters}}</ref> Brazil's state-run [[Brazilian Development Bank]] gave $300 million to Odebrecht to build new roads, rail lines, wharves, and warehouses at Mariel.<ref name="auto3"/> Brazil also offered Cuba up to $1 billion in [[line of credit|credit line]]s to pay for Brazilian goods and services.<ref name="auto2"/>

In November 2007, Lula defended Venezuela's president [[Hugo Chávez]] as the democratic choice of his people.<ref name="auto9">{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-venezuela/brazils-lula-defends-chavez-as-referendum-nears-idUSN2536376520071125/|title=Brazil's Lula defends Chavez as referendum nears|website=Reuters|date=November 25, 2007 }}</ref> He said: "There is no risk with Chávez."<ref name="auto9"/> Expressing his admiration for Chávez, he said "Only thanks to Chávez’s leadership, the people [of Venezuela] have had extraordinary achievements," and that in 2008 that Chávez was "the best president the country has had in 100 years."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/474c851c-6a32-3e98-ac08-8e17a458463a|title=x|website=The Financial Times}}</ref>

The foreign policy of the [[Dilma Rousseff|Rousseff]] administration (2011–2016) sought to deepen Brazil's regional commercial dominance and diplomacy, expand Brazil's presence in Africa, and play a major role in the [[G-20 major economies|G20]] on [[global warming]] and in other multilateral settings.<ref>[http://www.cfr.org/brazil/brazils-rousseff-continuity-tests/p23282 Brazil's Rousseff: Continuity and Tests] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111105135451/http://www.cfr.org/brazil/brazils-rousseff-continuity-tests/p23282 |date=2011-11-05 }} Sweig, Julia E. Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved on 2011-09-19.</ref> At the United Nations, Brazil continues to oppose [[Economic sanctions]] and foreign military intervention, while seeking to garner support for a permanent seat at the [[United Nations Security Council|Security Council]].<ref>[http://www.americas-society.org/article.php?id=3162&nav=res&subid=52 Rousseff Tweaks Brazil's Foreign Policy at the UN] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171802/http://www.americas-society.org/article.php?id=3162&nav=res&subid=52 |date=2016-03-03 }} Council of the Americas.

Retrieved on 2011-09-19.</ref> Cooperation with other [[Emerging Powers|emerging powers]] remain a top priority in Brazil's global diplomatic strategy. On the recent airstrike resolution supporting [[2011 military intervention in Libya|military action in Libya]], Brazil joined fellow [[BRICS]] in the Council and [[Abstention|abstained]]. On the draft resolution condemning [[2011 Syrian uprising|violence in Syria]], Brazil worked with India and South Africa to try to bridge the Western powers' divide with Russia and China.<ref>[http://www.brazilpolitics.com.br/2011/09/rousseffs-foreign-policy-has-limited.html Rousseff's foreign policy has limited room for change] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402161645/http://www.brazilpolitics.com.br/2011/09/rousseffs-foreign-policy-has-limited.html |date=2012-04-02 }} Brazil Politics. Retrieved on 2011-09-19.</ref>

===Bolsonaro administration, 2019-2022===
{{See also|List of international presidential trips made by Jair Bolsonaro}}

After [[Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff|Rousseff's impeachment]], Brazil started reconnecting with its western allies. In 2019 [[Jair Bolsonaro]] succeeded [[Michel Temer]]. The new foreign policy focused on a reapprochement with major governments especially the United States and Colombia in the Americas; Israel, Japan and South Korea in Asia; United Kingdom, Italy and Greece in Europe. The [[Brazil–Portugal relations]] were also strengthened, and despite disagreements over the [[crisis in Venezuela]], Brazil remained close to the BRICS countries.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/07/07/bolsonaro-failed-diplomacy-brazil-isolated-coronavirus/| title = Brazil's Coronavirus Pandemic Failures Are Matched by Its Diplomatic Disasters| date = 7 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://brazilian.report/power/2019/12/18/foreign-policy-brazil-year-1-bolsonaro/| title = Bolsonaro year 1: Foreign policy, a 180-degree turn for Brazil| date = 18 December 2019}}</ref>

[[File:19-03-2019 Encontro com o Senhor Donald Trump, Presidente dos Estados Unidos da América.jpg|right|thumb|Bolsonaro with United States President [[Donald Trump]] at the [[White House]], 19 March 2019]]
[[File:20 09 2021 - Encontro com o Primeiro Ministro do Reino Unido, Boris Johnson (51496837523).jpg|thumb|right|Bolsonaro with United Kingdom Prime Minister [[Boris Johnson]], 20 September 2021]]
During the 2018 presidential campaign, Bolsonaro said he would make considerable changes to Brazil's foreign relations, saying that the "''[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Brazil)|Itamaraty]]'' needs to be in service of the values that were always associated with the Brazilian people". He also said that the country should stop "praising dictators" and attacking democracies, such as the United States, Israel and Italy.<ref name="foreignpolicy">{{Cite news|first=Ana Cristina|last=Campos |url=http://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/politica/noticia/2018-10/veja-propostas-de-bolsonaro-e-haddad-para-politica-externa|title=Veja as propostas de Bolsonaro e Haddad para a política externa|work=Agência Brasil|date=26 October 2018|access-date=26 October 2018|archive-date=26 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026133450/http://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/politica/noticia/2018-10/veja-propostas-de-bolsonaro-e-haddad-para-politica-externa|url-status=live}}</ref> In early 2018, he affirmed that his "trip to the five democratic countries the United States, Israel, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan showed who we will be and we would like to join good people". Bolsonaro has shown distrust towards China throughout the presidential campaign claiming they "[want to] buy Brazil",<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://manchikoni.com/presidential-candidates-present-a-drastic-turn-in-foreign-policy-jair-bolsonaro-psl-promises-to-break-brazils-traditional-diplomatic-positions-while-fernando-haddad/ |title=Presidential candidates present a drastic turn in foreign policy Jair Bolsonaro (PSL) promises to break Brazil's traditional diplomatic positions while Fernando Haddad|access-date=27 October 2018|archive-date=28 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028073809/https://manchikoni.com/presidential-candidates-present-a-drastic-turn-in-foreign-policy-jair-bolsonaro-psl-promises-to-break-brazils-traditional-diplomatic-positions-while-fernando-haddad/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mKVnvgrkcfQ|title=Os compromissos de Bolsonaro em Taiwan.|work=Jair Bolsonaro|date=4 March 2018|access-date=29 October 2018|archive-date=7 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007191057/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mKVnvgrkcfQ|url-status=live}}</ref> although Brazil recorded a US$20 billion trade surplus with China in 2018, and China is only the 13th largest source of foreign direct investment into Brazil.<ref name="ft">{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/b5371a10-044a-11e9-bf0f-53b8511afd73|title=Bolsonaro will regret baiting the Chinese tiger|last=Spektor|first=Matias|date=27 December 2018|website=Financial Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181228035040/https://www.ft.com/content/b5371a10-044a-11e9-bf0f-53b8511afd73|archive-date=28 December 2018|url-status=live|access-date=27 December 2018}}</ref> Bolsonaro said he wishes to continue to have business with the Chinese but he also said that Brazil should "make better [economic] deals" with other countries, with no "ideological agenda" behind it.<ref name="estadaomarco">{{cite news|first=Constança|last=Rezende|url=https://politica.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,bolsonaro-quer-campo-de-refugiados-em-roraima,70002226010|title=Bolsonaro quer campo de refugiados em Roraima|newspaper=[[O Estado de S. Paulo]]|publisher=Grupo Estado|location=São Paulo, Brazil|date=14 March 2018|access-date=14 March 2018|archive-date=27 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427233428/https://politica.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,bolsonaro-quer-campo-de-refugiados-em-roraima,70002226010|url-status=live}}</ref> His stance towards China has also been interpreted as an attempt to curry favor from the [[Presidency of Donald Trump|Trump]] administration to garner concessions from the US.<ref name="ft"/> However, Bolsonaro has mostly changed his position on China after he took office, saying that the two countries were "born to walk together" during his visit to Beijing in October 2019.<ref name=":5">{{cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/12/06/bolsonaro-losing-bet-trump-brazil-tariffs/|title=Bolsonaro Placed a Losing Bet on Trump|last=Stuenkel|first=Oliver|website=Foreign Policy|date=6 December 2019 |access-date=6 December 2019|archive-date=6 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191650/https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/12/06/bolsonaro-losing-bet-trump-brazil-tariffs/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=25 October 2019 |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3034658/common-ground-investment-still-no-hint-brazil-signing-chinas|title=Still no hint of Brazil signing up for China's Belt and Road Initiative |website=South China Morning Post|access-date=6 December 2019|archive-date=6 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206191640/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3034658/common-ground-investment-still-no-hint-brazil-signing-chinas|url-status=live}}</ref> He has also said that Brazil will stay out of the ongoing [[China–United States trade war|China-U.S. trade war]].<ref name=":5" />

Bolsonaro said that his first international trip as president would be to [[Brazil–Israel relations|Israel]].<ref name="palestine">{{cite news |title=Israel hails election of Brazil's controversial Bolsonaro, who plans visit soon |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-hails-election-of-brazils-controversial-bolsonaro-who-plans-visit/ |work=The Times of Israel |date=29 October 2018 |access-date=31 October 2018 |archive-date=1 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181101020510/https://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-hails-election-of-brazils-controversial-bolsonaro-who-plans-visit/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Bolsonaro also said that the [[State of Palestine]] "is not a country, so there should be no embassy here", adding that "you don't negotiate with terrorists."<ref name="palestine" /> The announcement was warmly received by the prime minister of Israel, [[Benjamin Netanyahu]], who welcomed Bolsonaro to Israel in March 2019 during the final weeks of a re-election campaign,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://jg-tc.com/news/world/netanyahu-warmly-welcomes-brazil-s-bolsonaro-in-israel/article_2b286bf8-4d6e-5f02-9a6d-4e83a9cf4e34.html|title=Netanyahu embraces Brazil's far-right Bolsonaro in Israel|work=Associated Presa|date=31 March 2019|access-date=6 April 2018|first=Ilan|last=Ben Zion|archive-date=6 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406124230/https://jg-tc.com/news/world/netanyahu-warmly-welcomes-brazil-s-bolsonaro-in-israel/article_2b286bf8-4d6e-5f02-9a6d-4e83a9cf4e34.html|url-status=live}}</ref> but was met with condemnation from the [[Arab League]], which warned Bolsonaro it could damage diplomatic ties.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/arab-league-warns-brazil-that-jerusalem-embassy-move-could-harm-ties/ |title=Arab League warns Brazil that Jerusalem embassy move could harm ties |work=Times of Israel |date=11 December 2018 |access-date=3 May 2019 |archive-date=31 March 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331171504/https://www.timesofisrael.com/arab-league-warns-brazil-that-jerusalem-embassy-move-could-harm-ties/}}</ref> "I love Israel," Bolsonaro said in Hebrew at a welcoming ceremony, with Netanyahu at his side, at Tel Aviv's Ben-Gurion airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/i-love-israel-brazils-bolsonaro-lands-in-tel-aviv/a-48134150|title='I love Israel' — Brazil's Bolsonaro lands in Tel Aviv |website=Deutsche Welle|access-date=5 December 2019|archive-date=4 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204235025/https://www.dw.com/en/i-love-israel-brazils-bolsonaro-lands-in-tel-aviv/a-48134150|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Bolsonaro Xi Jinping China 2019.jpg|left|thumb|Bolsonaro with Chinese President [[Xi Jinping]] in October 2019]]
Bolsonaro also praised U.S. President Donald Trump and [[Foreign policy of the Donald Trump administration|his foreign policy]],<ref name="foreignpolicy" /> and has been called "the tropical Trump".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/874c8a46-4873-11e9-bbc9-6917dce3dc62|title=Brazil's 'Tropical Trump' seeks to reset ties with White House visit|newspaper=Financial Times|date=18 March 2019 |access-date=9 November 2019|archive-date=9 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109155433/https://www.ft.com/content/874c8a46-4873-11e9-bbc9-6917dce3dc62|url-status=live}}</ref> His son [[Eduardo Bolsonaro|Eduardo]] has indicated that Brazil should distance itself from Iran, sever ties with [[Nicolás Maduro]]'s government in Venezuela and relocate [[List of diplomatic missions in Israel|Brazil's embassy in Israel]] to Jerusalem.<ref>{{cite news |title=Brazil Should Shun Venezuela and Embrace Israel, Bolsonaro's Son Says |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-10/brazil-to-shun-venezuela-and-embrace-israel-bolsonaro-son-says |work=Bloomberg |date=10 October 2018 |access-date=29 October 2018 |archive-date=29 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181029232403/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-10/brazil-to-shun-venezuela-and-embrace-israel-bolsonaro-son-says |url-status=live }}</ref> Bolsonaro is widely considered the most pro-American candidate in Brazil since the 1980s. PSL members said that if elected, he would dramatically improve [[Brazil–United States relations|relations between the United States and Brazil]].<ref name=":3">{{cite web|last=Wierson|first=Arick |url=https://observer.com/2018/10/brazil-elections-jair-bolsonaro-donald-trump/amp/|title=Will Brazil's Jair Bolsonaro Become Trump's New Best Friend?|date=7 October 2018|website=[[The Observer]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012014611/https://observer.com/2018/10/brazil-elections-jair-bolsonaro-donald-trump/amp/ |archive-date=12 October 2018|url-status=live|access-date=11 October 2018}}</ref> During an October 2017 campaign rally in [[Miami]], he saluted the American flag and led chants of "USA! USA!" to a large crowd.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.americasquarterly.org/content/what-expect-jair-bolsonaro|title=What to Expect from Jair Bolsonaro|last=Winter|first=Brian|date=9 October 2018|website=[[Americas Quarterly]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012053919/https://www.americasquarterly.org/content/what-expect-jair-bolsonaro|archive-date=12 October 2018|url-status=live|access-date=11 October 2018}}</ref> U.S. National Security Advisor [[John R. Bolton|John Bolton]] praised Bolsonaro as a "like-minded" partner and said his victory was a "positive sign" for Latin America.<ref>{{cite news |title=Jair Bolsonaro: Brazil's far-right president-elect wants to move Israel embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/jair-bolsonaro-brazil-embassy-israel-tel-aviv-jerusalem-middle-east-palestine-a8614066.html |work=The Independent |date=2 November 2018 |access-date=2 November 2018 |archive-date=2 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181102190515/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/jair-bolsonaro-brazil-embassy-israel-tel-aviv-jerusalem-middle-east-palestine-a8614066.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

At the regional level, Bolsonaro praised Argentine President [[Mauricio Macri]] for ending the 12-year rule of [[Néstor Kirchner|Néstor]] and [[Cristina Fernández de Kirchner]], which he saw as similar to Lula and Rousseff. Although he does not have plans to leave the [[Mercosur]], he criticized it for prioritizing ideological issues over economic ones.<ref>{{cite news|first= Alberto|last= Almendariz|url= https://www.lanacion.com.ar/2180830-bolsonaro-un-saludo-macri-termino-dilma-kirchner|title= Bolsonaro: "Un abrazo a Macri, que terminó con la 'Dilma Kirchner'"|trans-title= Bolsonaro: "A hug for Macri, who ended the 'Dilma-Kirchner'"|language= es|date= 11 October 2018|newspaper= La Nación|access-date= 29 October 2018|archive-date= 30 October 2018|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181030035503/https://www.lanacion.com.ar/2180830-bolsonaro-un-saludo-macri-termino-dilma-kirchner|url-status= live}}</ref> A staunch anti-communist, Bolsonaro has condemned [[Cuba]]'s former leader [[Fidel Castro]] and the current regime in that island.<ref name="churchill"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Brazil's Bolsonaro names Trump fan top diplomat as Cuba relations sour |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics/brazils-bolsonaro-names-trump-fan-top-diplomat-as-cuba-relations-sour-idUSKCN1NJ31M |work=Reuters |date=3 December 2018 |access-date=3 December 2018 |archive-date=4 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204005931/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-politics/brazils-bolsonaro-names-trump-fan-top-diplomat-as-cuba-relations-sour-idUSKCN1NJ31M |url-status=live }}</ref>

Bolsonaro praised British Prime Minister [[Winston Churchill]], saying that he had learned from Churchill: "Patriotism, love for your fatherland, respect for your flag – something that has been lost over the last few years here in Brazil{{nbsp}}... and governing through example, especially at that difficult moment of the Second World War."<ref name="churchill">{{cite news |title=Jair Bolsonaro denies he is a fascist and paints himself as a Brazilian Churchill |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/30/jair-bolsonaro-denies-he-is-a-fascist-brazilian-churchill |work=The Guardian |date=30 October 2018 |access-date=31 October 2018 |archive-date=30 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030232222/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/30/jair-bolsonaro-denies-he-is-a-fascist-brazilian-churchill |url-status=live }}</ref> Bolsonaro said he's open to the possibility of hosting a [[United States military deployments|U.S. military base]] in Brazil to counter Russian influence in the region.<ref>{{cite news |title=Brazil military uneasy with Bolsonaro's openness to U.S. base: source |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-usa-base/brazil-military-uneasy-with-bolsonaros-openness-to-u-s-base-source-idUSKCN1OZ0IW |publisher=Reuters |date=5 January 2019 |access-date=17 January 2019 |archive-date=19 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121406/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-usa-base/brazil-military-uneasy-with-bolsonaros-openness-to-u-s-base-source-idUSKCN1OZ0IW |url-status=live }}</ref> With the intention to persuade Trump to make Brazil a [[NATO]] member in March 2019, Bolsonaro said: "the discussions with the United States will begin in the coming months".<ref>{{cite news |title=Trump says strongly considering NATO membership for Brazil |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-brazil-nato/trump-says-looking-at-nato-membership-for-brazil-idUSKCN1R024O |publisher=Reuters |date=19 March 2019 |access-date=20 March 2019 |archive-date=20 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320191314/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-brazil-nato/trump-says-looking-at-nato-membership-for-brazil-idUSKCN1R024O |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Trump says looking at NATO membership for Brazil|url=https://www.euronews.com/2019/03/19/trump-says-looking-at-nato-membership-for-brazil|publisher=Euronews|date=19 March 2019|access-date=20 March 2019|archive-date=20 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320191315/https://www.euronews.com/2019/03/19/trump-says-looking-at-nato-membership-for-brazil|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title='Diplomacia em primeiro lugar, até as últimas consequências', diz Bolsonaro sobre Venezuela|url=https://g1.globo.com/mundo/noticia/2019/03/19/diplomacia-em-primeiro-lugar-ate-as-ultimas-consequencias-diz-bolsonaro-sobre-venezuela.ghtml|website=G1.globo.com|date=19 March 2019|access-date=20 March 2019|archive-date=20 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320191314/https://g1.globo.com/mundo/noticia/2019/03/19/diplomacia-em-primeiro-lugar-ate-as-ultimas-consequencias-diz-bolsonaro-sobre-venezuela.ghtml|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Em almoço fechado, Trump diz querer Brasil como membro pleno da Otan|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2019/03/em-almoco-fechado-trump-diz-querer-brasil-como-membro-pleno-da-otan.shtml|publisher=Folha de S.Paulo|date=20 March 2019|access-date=20 March 2019|archive-date=20 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320191318/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2019/03/em-almoco-fechado-trump-diz-querer-brasil-como-membro-pleno-da-otan.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Bolsonaro and Putin in November 2019 (cropped).jpg|right|thumb|Bolsonaro with Russian President [[Vladimir Putin]] in November 2019]]
With formal U.S. support for Brazil's entry to [[OECD]] in May 2019, Bolsonaro said, "currently, all 36 members of the organization support the entry of the country, fruit of confidence in the new Brazil being built, more free, open and fair".<ref>{{cite news|title=Official Twitter of President Jair Bolsonaro|url=https://twitter.com/jairbolsonaro/status/1131634002824245248|publisher=@jairbolsonaro|language=pt|date=23 May 2019|access-date=28 May 2019|archive-date=19 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319082243/https://twitter.com/jairbolsonaro/status/1131634002824245248|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Official Twitter of United States Embassy in Brazil|url=https://twitter.com/EmbaixadaEUA/status/1131526230073851909|publisher=@EmbaixadaEUA|language=pt|date=23 May 2019|access-date=28 May 2019|archive-date=15 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815163809/https://twitter.com/EmbaixadaEUA/status/1131526230073851909|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=USA Officially Supports Brazil's Candidature to The OECD|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/internacional/en/business/2019/05/usa-officially-supports-brazils-candidature-to-the-oecd.shtml|publisher=Folha de S.Paulo|date=24 May 2019|access-date=28 May 2019|archive-date=8 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200308151357/https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/internacional/en/business/2019/05/usa-officially-supports-brazils-candidature-to-the-oecd.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> In October 2019, on a state visit to China, he announced the end of the need for visas for Chinese and Indian entry into Brazil. Brazil had already removed the need for visas for people from the U.S., Canada, Japan, and Australia.<ref>{{cite news|title=Brazil says it will no longer require visas from Chinese, Indian citizens|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-visas/brazil-says-it-will-no-longer-require-visas-from-chinese-indian-citizens-idUSKBN1X32AX|publisher=Reuters|date=25 October 2019|access-date=25 October 2019|archive-date=25 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025204021/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-visas/brazil-says-it-will-no-longer-require-visas-from-chinese-indian-citizens-idUSKBN1X32AX|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Lula second presidency, 2023-present===
In May 2022, Lula placed blame for Russia's invasion of Ukraine on Ukrainian president [[Volodymyr Zelenskyy]], saying "This guy is as responsible as Putin for the war".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://time.com/6173232/lula-da-silva-transcript/ |title=Lula Talks to TIME About Ukraine, Bolsonaro, and Brazil's Fragile Democracy |date=4 May 2022 |access-date=11 Dec 2023 |archive-date=12 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412133010/https://time.com/6173232/lula-da-silva-transcript/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Lula also repeatedly attacked [[NATO]] and the [[European Union]] as having caused the war.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2023/02/10/biden-lula-meeting-war-in-ukraine-high-on-the-agenda_6015191_4.html |title=Biden-Lula meeting: War in Ukraine high on the agenda |website=[[Le Monde]] |date=10 February 2023 |access-date=8 April 2023 |archive-date=8 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408214417/https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2023/02/10/biden-lula-meeting-war-in-ukraine-high-on-the-agenda_6015191_4.html |url-status=live }}</ref> After Germany appealed to Lula to [[List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War|provide military aid to Ukraine]] by selling it arms, Lula refused.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-01-31 |title=Lula Brushes Off Scholz's Appeal for Brazil to Send Arms to Kyiv |language=en |work=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-01-31/lula-rejects-weapons-to-ukraine-plan-proposed-by-germany-s-scholz |access-date=2023-04-18 |archive-date=1 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201062845/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-01-31/lula-rejects-weapons-to-ukraine-plan-proposed-by-germany-s-scholz |url-status=live }}</ref> In December 2023, Lula said that he will invite Vladimir Putin to Brazil.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.eu/article/brazil-russia-lula-da-silva-vladimir-putin-g20-brics-invitation/|title=Lula invites Putin to Brazil, sidesteps on war crimes arrest|date=4 December 2023|website=POLITICO}}</ref> In February 2024, he was visited by Russian Foreign Minister [[Sergey Lavrov]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Russian foreign minister Lavrov discussed Ukraine with Brazil's Lula, Moscow says |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2024/feb/23/russia-ukraine-war-us-sanctions-vladimir-putin-volodymyr-zelenskiy-alexei-navalny?page=with:block-65d886188f086f23f6db1dac#block-65d886188f086f23f6db1dac |access-date=23 February 2024 |work=The Guardian |date=24 February 2024}}</ref>

In November 2023, Lula met in [[Riyadh]] with the prime minister and crown prince of [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Mohammed bin Salman]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arab.news/mrt7n|title=Saudi Arabia and Brazil detail areas of joint cooperation|date=30 November 2023|website=Arab News}}</ref><ref name="auto18">{{Cite web|url=https://menafn.com/1107523202/Lula-MBS-Want-To-Boost-Bilateral-Trade-To-USD-20-Bn|title=Lula, MBS Want To Boost Bilateral Trade To USD 20 Bn|website=menafn.com}}</ref><ref name="auto17">{{Cite web|url=https://www.agenzianova.com/en/news/brazil-saudi-arabia-lula-meets-bin-salman-focus-on-investments-in-renewable-energy/|title=Brazil-Saudi Arabia: Lula meets bin Salman, focus on investments in renewable energy|first=Redazione Agenzia|last=Nova|date=28 November 2023}}</ref> They discussed strengthening bilateral relations, and investments in both countries.<ref name="auto18"/><ref name="auto17"/> Salman said that a more robust strategic partnership between the two countries would benefit both sides.<ref name="auto18"/> The $10 billion that the [[sovereign wealth fund]] of Saudi Arabia pledged to invest in Brazil was one topic of conversation.<ref name="auto18"/><ref name="auto17"/>  Lula mentioned Brazil's rapprochement with Arab countries.<ref name="auto18"/> Salman also discussed Saudi Arabia's entry into [[BRICS]] in January 2024.<ref name="auto18"/>  Lula invited Salman to visit Brazil in 2024.<ref name="auto18"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/en/politica/noticia/2023-11/lula-highlights-brazilian-investment-green-energy|title=Lula highlights Brazilian investment in green energy|date=29 November 2023|website=Agência Brasil}}</ref><ref name="auto17"/>

==Regional policy==
[[File:Mercosul-04-jul-2005.jpeg|thumb|right|[[Mercosur]], a regional trade bloc between Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Venezuela.]]

Over the first decade of the 21st century, Brazil has firmly established itself as a regional power.<ref name="USCongress">[https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL33456.pdf Congressional Research Report on Brazil-U.S. Relations: Regional Policy (p.12)] U.S. Congress. Retrieved on 2011-09-30.</ref> It has traditionally, if controversially,<ref>Malamud, Andrés (2011). "A Leader Without Followers? The Growing Divergence Between the Regional and Global Performance of Brazilian Foreign Policy". Latin American Politics and Society, 53 (3): 1–24. [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2011.00123.x doi:10.1111/j.1548-2456.2011.00123.x.]</ref> been a leader in the inter-American community and played an important role in collective security efforts, as well as in economic cooperation in the [[Western Hemisphere]].<ref name="statedept">[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35640.htm Background Note: Brazil – Foreign relations] U.S. Department of State. Retrieved on 2011-09-30.</ref> Brazilian foreign policy supports economic and political integration efforts in order to reinforce long-standing relationships with its neighbors.<ref name="USCongress" /> It is a founding member of the [[Organization of American States]] (OAS) and the [[Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance]] (Rio Treaty).<ref name="statedept" /> It has given high priority to expanding relations with its South American neighbors and strengthening regional bodies such as the [[Latin American Integration Association]] (ALADI), the [[Union of South American Nations]] (UNASUR) and [[Mercosur]].<ref name="statedept" /> Although [[Regional integration|integration]] is the primary purpose of these organizations, they also serve as forums in which Brazil can exercise its leadership and develop consensus around its positions on regional and [[global issues]].<ref name="USCongress" /> Most scholars agree that by promoting integration through organizations like Mercosur and UNASUR, Brazil has been able to solidify its role as a [[regional power]].<ref name="USCongress" /> In addition to consolidating its power within South America, Brazil has sought to expand its influence in the broader region by increasing its engagement in the Caribbean and Central America.,<ref name="USCongress" /> although some think this is still a fragile, ongoing process, that can be thwarted by secondary regional powers in South America.[https://www.academia.edu/12944490/Unveiling_the_South_American_Balance]

In April 2019 Brazil left Union of South American Nations (Unasur) to become a member of [[Forum for the Progress and Development of South America]] (Prosur).<ref>{{cite web |title=Brazil officially leaves Unasur to join Prosur |url=https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/en/internacional/noticia/2019-04/brazil-officially-leaves-unasur-join-prosur |website=Agência Brasil |language=en |date=17 April 2019}}</ref> In January 2020, Brazil suspended its participation in the [[Community of Latin American and Caribbean States]], (Celac).<ref>{{cite web |title=Brazil quits Community of Latin American and Caribbean States |url=https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/en/politica/noticia/2020-01/brazil-quits-community-latin-american-and-caribbean-states |website=Agência Brasil |language=en |date=17 January 2020}}</ref>

Brazil regularly extends [[Export credit agency|export credits]] and university [[scholarship]]s to its Latin American neighbors.<ref name="LOCCS">[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+br0112) Library of Congress Country Studies - Foreign relations of Brazil: Latin America] Library of Congress. Retrieved on 2011-09-30.</ref> In recent years, the [[Brazilian Development Bank]] (BNDES) has provided US$5 billion worth of loans to countries in the region.<ref>[http://www.fntg.org/fntg/docs/BrazilMultilateralism.pdf Brazil and the Difficult Path to Multilateralism: Brazil's Financial Clout] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702194215/http://www.fntg.org/fntg/docs/BrazilMultilateralism.pdf |date=2007-07-02 }} Funders Network on Transforming The Global Economy. Retrieved on 2011-09-30.</ref> Brazil has also increasingly provided Latin American nations with [[Aid|financial aid]] and technical assistance.<ref name="USCongress" /> Between 2005 and 2009, [[Cuba]], [[Haiti]], and [[Honduras]] were the top three recipients of Brazilian assistance, receiving over $50 million annually.<ref name="USCongress" /><ref>[http://www.abc.gov.br/projetos/cooperacaoPrestada.asp Cooperação Sul-Sul (South-South Cooperation)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324030826/http://www.abc.gov.br/projetos/cooperacaoPrestada.asp |date=2012-03-24 }} Agência Brasileira de Cooperação. Retrieved on 2011-09-30. {{in lang|pt}}.</ref>

In November 2019, Brazil made a historic move to break with the rest of Latin America on the [[United States embargo against Cuba|U.S. embargo of Cuba]], becoming the first Latin American country in twenty-six years to vote against condemning the U.S.-led embargo of Cuba at the [[United Nations General Assembly]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Brazil's Vote on the Cuban Embargo at the UN: An Unrequited Gamble for U.S. Goodwill? |url=https://www.cfr.org/blog/brazils-vote-cuban-embargo-un-unrequited-gamble-us-goodwill |website=Council on Foreign Relations |language=en}}</ref>

==United Nations politics==
{{main|Brazil and the United Nations}}

Brazil is a founding member of the [[United Nations]] and participates in all of its specialized agencies. It has participated in 33 [[United Nations peacekeeping|United Nations peacekeeping missions]] and contributed with over 27,000 soldiers.<ref name="BrUNSC">[http://www.un.int/brazil/Brazil-in-the-Security-Council.html Brazil in the Security Council] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921132304/http://www.un.int/brazil/Brazil-in-the-Security-Council.html |date=2011-09-21 }} Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations. Retrieved on 2011-09-20.</ref> Brazil has been a member of the [[United Nations Security Council]] ten times, most recently 2010–2011.<ref>[http://www.un.int/brazil/ Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations] Retrieved on 2011-09-20.</ref> Along with Japan, Brazil has been elected more times to the Security Council than any other U.N. member state.<ref name="BrUNSC" />

Brazil is currently seeking a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council.<ref name="PressStatementG4">[http://www.un.int/brazil/speech/Joint-Press-Statement.html Joint Press Statement of the G4 countries] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920180609/http://www.un.int/brazil/speech/Joint-Press-Statement.html |date=2011-09-20 }} Permanent Mission of Brazil to the United Nations. Retrieved on 2011-09-20.</ref> It is a member of the [[G4 nations|G4]], an alliance among Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan for the purpose of supporting each other's bids for permanent seats on the [[Security Council]].<ref name="PressStatementG4" /> They propose the Security Council be expanded beyond the current 15 members to include 25 members. The G4 countries argue that a reform would render the body "more representative, legitimate, effective and responsive" to the realities of the international community in the 21st century.<ref name="PressStatementG4" />

==Outstanding international issues==
* Two short sections of the border with [[Uruguay]] are in dispute - the Arroio Invernada area of the [[Quaraí River]], and the [[Brazilian Island]] at the confluence of the Quaraí River and the [[Uruguay River]].<ref>[http://www.info.lncc.br/wrmkkk/uilhabi.html Borders and Limits of Brazil: Ilha Brasileira] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303110517/http://www.info.lncc.br/wrmkkk/uilhabi.html |date=March 3, 2008 }} Wilson R.M. Krukoski, LNCC. Retrieved on 2009-06-23. {{in lang|pt}}</ref>
* Brazil declared in 1986 the sector between 28°W to 53°W ''[[Brazilian Antarctica]]'' (''Antártica Brasileira'') as its Zone of Interest. It overlaps [[Antarctic territories|Argentine and British claims]]<ref>.[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Antarctica.html#Brazil Brazilian Antarctica] World Statesmen.org. Retrieved on 2009-06-23.</ref>
* In 2004, the country submitted its claims to the [[United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea|United Nations Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS)]] to extend its [[exclusive economic zone|maritime continental margin]].<ref>[https://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/submissions_files/bra04/bra_exec_sum.pdf UN Continental Shelf and UNCLOS Article 76: Brazilian Submission] [[United Nations]]. Retrieved on 2009-06-23.</ref>

==Foreign aid==
[[Overseas aid]] has become an increasingly important tool for Brazil's foreign policy.<ref name="ODI1">Cabral and Weinstock 2010. [http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/details.asp?id=5120&title=brazil-election-emerging-donor-aid Brazil: an emerging aid player] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110113185641/http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/details.asp?id=5120&title=brazil-election-emerging-donor-aid |date=2011-01-13 }}. London: [[Overseas Development Institute]]</ref> Brazil provides [[aid]] through the '''Brazilian Agency of Cooperation''' (Abbreviation: '''ABC'''; {{lang-pt|Agência Brasileira de Cooperação}}), in addition to offering scientific, economical, and technical support. More than half of Brazilian aid is provided to Africa, whereas Latin America receives around 20% of Brazilian aid. The share of aid allocated to the Asian continent is small.{{sfn|Abellán|Alonso|2017|p=7}} Within Africa, more than 80% of Brazilian aid is received by Portuguese-speaking countries.{{sfn|Abellán|Alonso|2017|p=9}} Brazil concentrates its aid for Portuguese-speaking countries in the education sector, specially in secondary and post-secondary education, but it is more committed to agricultural development in other countries.{{sfn|Abellán|Alonso|2017|p=11}} Estimated to be around $1 billion annually, Brazil is on par with China and India and ahead of many more traditional donor countries.<ref name="ODI1"/> The aid tends to consist of technical aid and expertise, alongside a quiet non-confrontational diplomacy to development results.<ref name="ODI1"/> Brazil's aid demonstrates a developing pattern of South-South aid, which has been heralded as a 'global model in waiting'.<ref>Cabral, Lidia 2010. [http://blogs.odi.org.uk/blogs/main/archive/2010/07/22/brazil_south_south_cooperation.aspx Brazil’s development cooperation with the South: a global model in waiting] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430190841/http://blogs.odi.org.uk/blogs/main/archive/2010/07/22/brazil_south_south_cooperation.aspx |date=2011-04-30 }}. London: [[Overseas Development Institute]]</ref> Concomitantly, South-South relations have become a major subfield of specialisation among Brazilian foreign policy experts.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Alejandro |first=Audrey |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315170480 |title=Western Dominance in International Relations? |date=2018-10-10 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-315-17048-0 |page=35|doi=10.4324/9781315170480 |s2cid=158923831 }}</ref> Some studies have suggested that, by giving aid, Brazil could be trying to get access to mineral and energy resources.{{sfn|Abellán|Alonso|2017|pp=12-13}}

==Participation in international organizations==
[[Association of Caribbean States|ACS]]<sup>{{small|'''(Observer)'''}}</sup> • [[Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization|ACTO]] • [[African Development Bank|AfDB]] • [[Arab League|ALECSO]]<sup>{{small|'''(Observer)'''}}</sup> • [[Bank for International Settlements|BIS]] • [[CAF – Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean|CAF-BDLAC]]<sup>{{small|'''(Associate)'''}}</sup> • [[Cairns Group]] • [[Andean Community of Nations|CAN]]<sup>{{small|'''(Associate)'''}}</sup> • [[Caribbean Development Bank|CDB]] • [[Community of Portuguese Language Countries|CPLP]] • [[Food and Agriculture Organization|FAO]] • [[G4 nations|G4]] • [[BASIC countries]] • [[G8+5]] • [[Group of 15|G15]] • [[G20 major economies|G20]] • [[G20 developing nations|G20+]] • [[Group of 24|G24]] • [[Group of 77|G77]] • [[Inter-American Defense Board|IADB]] • [[Inter-American Development Bank|IDB]] • [[International Atomic Energy Agency|IAEA]] • [[World Bank|IBRD]] • [[IBSA Dialogue Forum|IBSA]] •[[International Civil Aviation Organization|ICAO]] • [[International Criminal Court|ICC]] • [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|ICRM]] • [[International Development Association|IDA]] • [[International Fund for Agricultural Development|IFAD]] • [[International Finance Corporation|IFC]] • [[International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement|IFRCS]] • [[International Hydrographic Organization|IHO]] • [[International Labour Organization|ILO]] • [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]] • [[International Maritime Organization|IMO]] • [[International Mobile Satellite Organization|Inmarsat]] •[[International Search and Rescue Advisory Group|INSARAG]] • [[Intelsat]] • [[Interpol (organization)|Interpol]] • [[IOC]] • [[International Organization for Migration|IOM]] • [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]] • [[International Telecommunication Union|ITU]] • [[Latin American Economic System|LAES]] • [[LAIA]] • [[Mercosul]] • [[United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti|MINUSTAH]] • [[Non-Aligned Movement|NAM]]<sup>{{small|'''(Observer)'''}}</sup> • [[Nuclear Suppliers Group|NSG]] • [[Organization of American States|OAS]] • [[Organization of Ibero-American States|OEI]] • [[OPANAL]] • [[OPCW]] • [[Permanent Court of Arbitration|PCA]] • [[Rio Group]] • [[Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance|Rio Treaty]] • [[United Nations|UN]] • [[UNASUR]] • [[United Nations Conference on Trade and Development|UNCTAD]] • [[UNESCO]] • [[UNHCR]] • [[United Nations Industrial Development Organization|UNIDO]] • [[United Nations Institute for Training and Research|UNITAR]] • [[United Nations Mission in Liberia|UNMIL]] • [[United Nations Mission in Sudan|UNMIS]] • [[United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission|UNMOVIC]] • [[United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire|UNOCI]] • [[United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor|UNTAET]] • [[World Tourism Organization|UNWTO]] • [[Universal Postal Union|UPU]] • [[World Customs Organization|WCO]] • [[WHO]] • [[World Intellectual Property Organization|WIPO]] • [[World Meteorological Organization|WMO]] • [[World Trade Organization|WTO]] • [[South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone|ZPCAS]]

== Diplomatic relations ==
{{further|List of diplomatic missions of Brazil}}
Brazil has a large global network of [[diplomatic mission]]s, and maintains [[diplomatic relations]] with  As of 2019, Brazil's diplomatic network consisted of 194 overseas posts.<ref>[http://www.portalconsular.itamaraty.gov.br/representacoes-do-brasil-no-mundo Consular network of Brazil] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922105834/http://www.portalconsular.itamaraty.gov.br/representacoes-do-brasil-no-mundo|date=2019-09-22}}, Ministry of External Relations of Brazil. {{in lang|pt}}</ref>

Relations with non-UN members or observers: 
*{{flag|Kosovo}} - Brazil does not recognize [[Kosovo]] as an independent state and has announced it has no plans to do so without an agreement with [[Serbia]].<ref>[http://www.clicrbs.com.br/diariocatarinense/jsp/default.jsp?uf=1&local=1&newsID=a1774669.xml Brasil não reconhece Kosovo sem acordo com Sérvia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080412021949/http://www.clicrbs.com.br/diariocatarinense/jsp/default.jsp?uf=1&local=1&newsID=a1774669.xml|date=2008-04-12}} Clic RBS. Retrieved on 2008-02-22. {{in lang|pt}}</ref> However, Brazil accepts the [[Kosovan passport]].<ref name="visas">[https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/portal-consular/arquivos/arquivos-qgrv/qgrv-simples-ing-30sep22.pdf Entry Visas to Brazil], [[Ministry of External Relations (Brazil)|Ministry of External Relations of Brazil]], September 30, 2022.</ref>
*{{flag|Taiwan}} - Brazil does not recognize the [[Taiwan|Republic of China]] as it has recognized the [[China|People's Republic of China]], although it has non-diplomatic relations and maintains a [[Commercial Office of Brazil to Taipei|special office in Taiwan]].<ref>[http://www.braziltrade.org.tw/ Notice] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100105204215/http://braziltrade.org.tw/|date=2010-01-05}} Brazilian Commercial Office in Taipei. Retrieved on 2011-09-20.</ref> Brazil also accepts the [[Taiwan passport]].<ref name="visas" />

=== List ===
[[Image:Diplomatic missions of Brazil.png|thumb|300px|Diplomatic missions of Brazil<br />{{legend|#23B14B|Brazil}} {{legend|#2F3699|Nations hosting a diplomatic mission of Brazil}}{{legend|#b4b4b4|Nations with a non-resident mission of Brazil}}]]List of countries which Brazil maintains diplomatic relations with:
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="3" |[[File:Diplomatic_relations_of_Brazil.svg|frameless|425x425px]]
|-
!#
!Country
!Date
|-
|1
|{{Flag|United States}}
|{{Dts|26 May 1824}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=All Countries |url=https://history.state.gov/countries/all |access-date=12 November 2021 |website=Office of the Historian}}</ref>
|-
|2
|{{flag|Portugal}}
|{{dts|29 August 1825}}<ref name=":32">{{Cite web |title=Países |url=https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/relacoesbilaterais/paises |access-date=2 July 2024 |website=Portal Diplomático |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|3
|{{flag|France}}
|{{Dts|8 January 1826}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=D. Miguel I. Obra ... sobre a legitimidade e inauferiveis direitos do Senhor D. Miguel I. ao throno de Portugal. Traduzida do original francez [of the Count de Bordigné]. |publisher=na Impressão Regia |year=1828 |pages=97 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|4
|{{flag|Sweden}}
|{{Dts|1826}}<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Todos os países |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises |access-date=16 September 2023 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|5
|{{flag|Peru}}
|{{dts|3 February 1827}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fabian Novak, Sandra Namihas |title=Las Relaciones entre El Peru y Brasil (1826-2012) |url=https://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/bitstream/handle/123456789/39910/Per%C3%BA-Brasil_spa.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=9 October 2023 |page=25 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|6
|{{flag|Austria}}
|{{DTS|26 June 1827}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=British and Foreign State Papers |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |year=1865 |volume=43 |pages=763}}</ref>
|-
|7
|{{Flag|United Kingdom}}
|{{Dts|17 August 1827}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=Manual de referencia de tratados comerciales latinoamericanos |publisher=United States Tariff Commission |year=1941 |pages=69 |language=es}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The source does not state when Brazil and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations. It simply states when Brazil and the UK signed a Treaty of Navigation and Commerce|date=October 2024}}
|-
|8
|{{Flag|Italy}}
|{{Dts|1827}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 November 2021 |title=Itália |url=https://www.gov.br/funag/pt-br/chdd/historia-diplomatica/historia-das-relacoes-bilaterais-do-brasil/italia# |access-date=26 September 2023 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|9
|{{Flag|Denmark}}
|{{dts|1828|4|26|format=dmy}}<ref name="Brazil1">{{cite web |title=As relações entre o Brasil e a Dinamarca durante o Império Brasileiro |url=http://www.funag.gov.br/ipri/btd/index.php/10-dissertacoes/46-as-relacoes-entre-o-brasil-e-a-dinamarca-durante-o-imperio-brasileiro |access-date=27 August 2019 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|10
|{{flag|Russia}}
|{{DTS|3 October 1828}}<ref>{{Cite news |title=190 years of Brazil-Russia diplomatic relations – October 3, 2018 |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/en/contact-us/press-area/press-releases/190-years-of-brazil-russia-diplomatic-relations-october-3-2018 |access-date=3 October 2018}}</ref>
|-
|11
|{{Flag|Netherlands}}
|{{DTS|20 December 1828}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=British and Foreign State Papers |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |year=1865 |volume=43 |pages=778}}</ref>
|-
|—
|{{Flag|Holy See}}
|{{dts|17 July 1829}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nunciature to Brazil |url=https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dxxbr.html |access-date=26 May 2024}}</ref>
|-
|12
|{{Flag|Uruguay}}
|{{Date table sorting|15 May 1831}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Severgnini |date=2021 |title=Relaciones diplomáticas entre el Imperio del Brasil y el Estado Oriental del Uruguay. Análisis de la primera legación brasileña en Montevideo (1831—1837) |journal=Instituto de Estudios Internacionales–Universidad de Chile |language=es |pages=119}}</ref>
|-
|13
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|{{Date table sorting|30 April 1834}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estampa de México en Brasil - Estampa do México no Brasil |url=https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/brasil/images/pdf/2021/boletin/boletin_mayo2021.pdf |access-date=9 July 2023 |language=pt, es}}</ref>
|-
|14
|{{Flag|Spain}}
|{{dts|6 June 1834}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Moreira |first=Earle D. Macarthy |date=December 1977 |title=Espanha E Brasil - Problemas De Relacionamento |journal=Estudos Ibero-Americanos |language=es |volume=3 |issue=7}}</ref>
|-
|15
|{{Flag|Belgium}}
|{{DTS|22 September 1834}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=British and Foreign State Papers |publisher=H.M. Stationery Office |year=1865 |volume=43 |pages=773}}</ref>
|-
|16
|{{Flag|Chile}}
|{{Dts|22 April 1836}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 August 2015 |title=Republic of Chile |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/en/subjects/bilateral-relations/all-countries/republic-of-chile |access-date=26 May 2023}}</ref>
|-
|17
|{{Flag|Venezuela}}
|{{Dts|5 August 1843}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=Libro amarillo correspondiente al año ...: presentado al Congreso Nacional en sus sesiones ordinarias de ... por el titular despacho |publisher=Venezuela. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores |year=2003 |pages=528–529 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|18
|{{Flag|Paraguay}}
|{{Dts|14 September 1844}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 September 2024 |title=Paraguay y Brasil celebran 180 años de relaciones diplomáticas |url=https://www.mre.gov.py/index.php/noticias-de-embajadas-y-consulados/paraguay-y-brasil-celebran-180-anos-de-relaciones-diplomaticas?ccm_paging_p=154 |access-date=26 September 2024 |website=Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores Paraguay |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|19
|{{Flag|Ecuador}}
|{{Dts|November 1844}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministério das Relações Exteriores do Brasil |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/en/subjects/bilateral-relations/all-countries/republic-of-ecuador#:~:text=1844%20%E2%80%93%20Brazil%20and%20Ecuador%20established,Ecuador%2C%20with%20residence%20in%20Bogota.}}</ref>
|-
|20
|{{Flag|Switzerland}}
|{{dts|1855}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|21
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
|{{DTS|25 June 1856}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biblioteca Digital de Tratados |url=https://tratados.cancilleria.gob.ar/busqueda.php |access-date=27 June 2023 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|22
|{{Flag|Costa Rica}}
|{{dts|1857}}<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |title=Política Bilateral |url=https://www.rree.go.cr/?sec=exterior&cat=politica |access-date=6 July 2023 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|23
|{{Flag|Bolivia}}
|{{Dts|1867}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 August 2018 |title=Bolivia y Brasil profundizan relaciones bilaterales con reunión de Cancilleres |language=es |url=https://www.cancilleria.gob.bo/webmre/node/2850 |access-date=16 September 2023 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002161339/https://www.cancilleria.gob.bo/webmre/node/2850 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|24
|{{Flag|Japan}}
|{{Date table sorting|5 November 1895}}<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Córdova Quero |first1=Hugo |title=Transnational Faiths: Latin-American Immigrants and their Religions in Japan |last2=Shoji |first2=Rafael |publisher=Routledge |year=2016 |page=23}}</ref>
|-
|25
|{{flag|Iran}}
|{{dts|17 June 1903}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 June 2023 |title=FM felicitates 120th anniv. of Iran-Brazil diplomatic ties |url=https://en.mehrnews.com/news/202077/FM-felicitates-120th-anniv-of-Iran-Brazil-diplomatic-ties |work=[[Mehr News Agency]] |access-date=24 August 2024}}</ref>
|-
|26
|{{flag|Nicaragua}}
|{{dts|1905}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=República da Nicarágua |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/republica-da-nicaragua |access-date=27 March 2023 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|27
|{{flag|Honduras}}
|{{dts|16 November 1906}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 May 2016 |title=Nuevo Embajador de Brasil presentó sus Copias de Estilo a la Canciller María Dolores Agüero |website=[[Facebook]] |url=https://www.facebook.com/SecretariaDeRelacionesExterioresDeHonduras/posts/630976490399465/ |access-date=16 September 2023 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|28
|{{flag|Guatemala}}
|{{dts|21 November 1906}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Relaciones Diplomáticas de Guatemala |url=https://www.minex.gob.gt/DirectorioPaisesRelacion.aspx |access-date=24 July 2021 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|29
|{{flag|Cuba}}
|{{dts|1906}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|30
|{{flag|El Salvador}}
|{{dts|1906}}<ref name=":142">{{Cite web |title=REGISTRO DE FECHAS DE ESTABLECIMIENTO DE RD |url=https://www.transparencia.gob.sv/institutions/rree/documents/338286/download |access-date=9 March 2022 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|31
|{{flag|Colombia}}
|{{DTS|24 April 1907}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 April 2015 |title=Directorio del Cuerpo Diplomático y Consular acreditado en la República de Colombia |url=https://www.cancilleria.gov.co/sites/default/files/directoriocuerpodiplomatico-14abril2015jsre.pdf |access-date=4 July 2023 |website=cancilleria.gov.co |pages=7–12 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|32
|{{flag|Panama}}
|{{dts|1908|3|3|format=dmy}}<ref name="date2">{{cite web |title=RELACIONES DIPLOMÁTICAS DE LA REPÚBLICA DE PANAMÁ |url=http://www.mire.gob.pa/sites/default/files/documentos/Trasnsparencia/gestion-anual-2011-2012.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806131148/https://mire.gob.pa/sites/default/files/documentos/Trasnsparencia/gestion-anual-2011-2012.pdf |archive-date=6 August 2020 |access-date=30 November 2021 |page=195}}</ref>
|-
|33
|{{flag|Norway}}
|{{Dts|11 May 1908}}<ref>{{cite web |date=27 April 1999 |title=Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater |url=https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf |access-date=18 October 2021 |website=regjeringen.no |language=no}}</ref>
|-
|34
|{{flag|Luxembourg}}
|{{Dts|15 April 1911}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=110 anos de relações diplomáticas entre Luxemburgo e Brasil |url=https://brasilia.mae.lu/pt/actualites/2021/20210415-110-ans-realtions-diplomatiques.html |access-date=25 May 2023 |website=Embaixada de Luxemburgo no Brasil |date=15 April 2021 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|35
|{{flag|Dominican Republic}}
|{{Date table sorting|21 April 1911}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Relaciones con Brasil |url=https://www.republicadominicana.org.br/rp/politica-de-privacidade/ |access-date=26 March 2022 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|36
|{{Flag|Greece}}
|{{dts|1912}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|37
|{{Flag|Poland}}
|{{dts|27 May 1920}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brasil |url=https://www.gov.pl/web/brasil/Brasil |access-date=23 July 2023 |language=pl}}</ref>
|-
|38
|{{Flag|Czech Republic}}
|{{Dts|June 1920}}<ref name=":42">{{Cite book |title=Las relaciones entre Checoslovaquia y América Latina 1945-1989. En los archivos de la República Checa |publisher=Karolinum Press |year=2015 |pages=76 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|39
|{{flag|Egypt}}
|{{dts|27 February 1924}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|40
|{{flag|Turkey}}
|{{Dts|8 September 1927}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Promulga o Tratado de amizade, entre o Brasil e a Turquia, assignado em Roma á 8 de setembro de 1927 |url=https://www2.camara.leg.br/legin/fed/decret/1920-1929/decreto-18406-25-setembro-1928-562582-republicacao-86784-pe.html |access-date=24 September 2023 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|41
|{{flag|Romania}}
|{{dts|7 January 1928}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations of Romania |url=https://www.mae.ro/en/node/2187 |access-date=2 July 2022}}</ref>
|-
|42
|{{flag|Haiti}}
|{{dts|1928}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|43
|{{flag|Finland}}
|{{dts|1929|04|08|format=dmy}}<ref name="ties">{{cite web |title=Countries and regions A–Z |url=http://formin.finland.fi/public/default.aspx?nodeid=17195&contentlan=2&culture=en-US |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330044440/http://formin.finland.fi/Public/default.aspx?nodeid=17195&contentlan=2&culture=en-US |archive-date=March 30, 2018 |access-date=April 1, 2018}}</ref>
|-
|44
|{{flag|Bulgaria}}
|{{dts|17 September 1934}}<ref name=":12">{{cite web |title=Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005) |url=http://filip-nikolov.com/files/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F.doc |language=bg}}</ref>
|-
|45
|{{flag|Serbia}}
|{{dts|15 June 1938}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Bilateral cooperation |url=https://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/foreign-policy/bilateral-cooperation |access-date=24 December 2021 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Serbia}}</ref>
|-
|46
|{{flag|Canada}}
|{{dts|14 November 1940}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Linwood |first=DeLong |date=January 2020 |title=A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019 |url=https://www.cgai.ca/a_guide_to_canadian_diplomatic_relations_1925_2019 |access-date=26 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
|47
|{{flag|Australia}}
|{{dts|7 June 1945}}<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sk_ODQAAQBAJ&dq=Brasil+L.+R.+Mcgregor+...+1945&pg=PA353 |title=The Statesman's Year-Book 1946 |date=28 December 2016 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |pages=353|isbn=978-0-230-27075-6 }}</ref>
|-
|48
|{{flag|Lebanon}}
|{{dts|13 November 1945}}<ref name="lexml.gov.br">{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Legação nas Repúblicas do Líbano e da Síria. Decreto nº 19.901, de 13 de Novembro de 1945 |url=https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:decreto:1945-11-13;19901 |access-date=12 September 2023 |website=lexml.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|49
|{{flag|Syria}}
|{{dts|13 November 1945}}<ref name="lexml.gov.br" />
|-
|50
|{{flag|Philippines}}
|{{dts|4 July 1946}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2023 |title=The Republic of the Philippines and the Federative Republic of Brazil celebrate 77 years of formal diplomatic relations today, July 04! |url=https://twitter.com/DFAPHL/status/1676162365098975232 |access-date=31 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|51
|{{flag|South Africa}}
|{{dts|31 January 1948}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014 |title=República da África do Sul |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/republica-da-africa-do-sul |access-date=24 November 2022 |language=tr}}</ref>
|-
|52
|{{flag|India}}
|{{dts|6 April 1948}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|53
|{{flag|Israel}}
|{{dts|1949}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|54
|{{flag|Ethiopia}}
|{{dts|9 January 1951}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: Latin America, 1951 |publisher=LexisNexis |year=2005 |pages=86}}</ref>
|-
|55
|{{Flag|Pakistan}}
|{{dts|January 1951}}<ref name="Pakistan Quarterly - Volume 6">{{Cite book |title=Pakistan Quarterly - Volume 6 |publisher=1956 |pages=68}}</ref>
|-
|56
|{{flag|Germany}}
|{{dts|10 July 1951}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Länder |url=https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender |access-date=23 July 2023 |language=de}}</ref>
|-
|—
|{{flag|Sovereign Military Order of Malta}}
|{{dts|1951}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|57
|{{flag|Iceland}}
|{{dts|28 April 1952}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=Anais da Câmara dos Deputados (12) |publisher=Brazil, Congresso Nacional. Câmara dos Deputados |year=1952 |pages=206 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|58
|{{flag|Afghanistan|2013}}
|{{dts|1952}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|59
|{{flag|Indonesia}}
|{{dts|March 1953}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2023 |title=Kerja Sama Bilateral |url=https://www.kemlu.go.id/kebijakan/kerja-sama-bilateral |access-date=3 August 2023 |language=id |archive-date=1 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801163051/http://kemlu.go.id/portal/id/page/22/kerja_sama_bilateral |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|60
|{{flag|Jordan}}
|{{dts|6 April 1959}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=criada uma Legação do Brasil na Jordânia, com sede na capital daquele país. DECRETO No 45.742 DE 6 DE ABRIL DE 1959. |url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto/1950-1969/D45742.htm |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=planalto.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|61
|{{flag|Thailand}}
|{{dts|17 April 1959}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 November 2022 |title=Reception Celebrating the 60th Anniversary of Diplomatic Relations between the Kingdom of Thailand and the Federative Republic of Brazil |url=https://www.mfa.go.th/en/content/5d5bd25415e39c3060028f4e?cate=5d5bcb4e15e39c306000683e |access-date=24 September 2023}}</ref>
|-
|62
|{{flag|Malaysia}}
|{{dts|11 August 1959}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Garcia |first=Eugênio Vargas |date=2017 |title=Cronologia das Relações Internacionais do Brasil |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335893373 |journal= |language=pt |access-date=6 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|63
|{{flag|Tunisia}}
|{{dts|7 October 1959}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Embaixada do Brasil na Tunísia. DECRETO Nº 46.980, DE 7 DE OUTUBRO DE 1959. |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/86006-cria-uma-embaixada-do-brasil-na-tunisia.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|64
|{{flag|South Korea}}
|{{dts|31 October 1959}}<ref name="Overview">{{Cite web |title=Overview |url=https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/view.do?seq=47 |access-date=8 June 2023 |website=mofa.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|65
|{{flag|Morocco}}
|{{dts|27 November 1959}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria Embaixada do Brasil no Reino do Marrocos. Decreto nº 47.295, de 27 de Novembro de 1959 |url=https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:decreto:1959-11-27;47295 |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=lexml.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|66
|{{flag|Sri Lanka}}
|{{dts|22 January 1960}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|67
|{{flag|Ghana}}
|{{dts|1960}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|68
|{{flag|Hungary}}
|{{Dts|21 March 1961}}'''<ref name=":252">{{Cite book |title=Hungary |publisher=Pannonia Press |year=1969 |pages=73}}</ref>'''
|-
|69
|{{flag|Albania}}
|{{Dts|4 April 1961}}<ref name="punetejashtme.gov.al">{{Cite web |title=RELATION BETWEEN ALBANIA AND BRAZIL |url=https://punetejashtme.gov.al/en/marredheniet-dypaleshe/marredheniet-shqiperi-brazil/ |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=Republic of Albania Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs}}</ref>
|-
|70
|{{flag|Senegal}}
|{{Dts|26 April 1961}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Embaixada do Brasil na República do Senegal. DECRETO Nº 50.503, DE 26 DE ABRIL DE 1961. |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/81926-cria-uma-embaixada-do-brasil-na-republica-do-senegal.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|71
|{{flag|Benin}}
|{{Dts|17 May 1961}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Embaixada do Brasil na República do Daomei. Decreto nº 50.604, de 17 de maio de 1961. |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/82053-cria-uma-embaixada-do-brasil-na-republica-do-daomei.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|72
|{{flag|Mauritania}}
|{{Dts|17 May 1961}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Embaixada do Brasil na República da Mauritânia. Decreto nº 50.606, de 17 de maio de 1961. |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/82049-cria-uma-embaixada-do-brasil-na-republica-da-mauritunia.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|73
|{{Flag|Nigeria}}
|{{Dts|16 August 1961}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=CRIA UMA EMBAIXADA DO BRASIL NA REPUBLICA DA NIGERIA. DECRETO Nº 51.198 DE 16 DE AGOSTO DE 1961 |url=https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos/?tipo=DEC&numero=51198&ano=1961&ato=c01oXUE1UMVRVT1f7 |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=legislacao.presidencia.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|74
|{{Flag|Mali}}
|{{Dts|24 January 1962}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jean-François Juilliard, Françoise Moussu |title=Chronologie des faits internationaux d'ordre juridique. Annuaire Français de Droit International /Année 1962 / 8 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/afdi_0066-3085_1962_num_8_1_1015 |access-date=30 November 2023 |journal=Annuaire Français de Droit International |date=1962 |volume=8 |issue=1 |page=1051 |language=fr}}</ref>
|-
|75
|{{flag|Jamaica}}
|{{Date table sorting|14 October 1962}}<ref>{{cite web |date=16 April 2021 |title=Countries with which Jamaica has Established Diplomatic Relations |url=http://mfaft.gov.jm/jm/establishment-of-diplomatic-relations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308040029/http://mfaft.gov.jm/jm/establishment-of-diplomatic-relations |archive-date=8 March 2016 |access-date=16 April 2021}}</ref>
|-
|76
|{{flag|Togo}}
|{{Date table sorting|26 October 1962}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Embaixada do Brasil na República do Togo, cumulativa com a Embaixada do Brasil na República de Gana. |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/77311-cria-uma-embaixada-do-brasil-na-republica-do-togo-cumulativa-com-a-embaixada-do-brasil-na-republica-de-gana.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|77
|{{flag|Algeria}}
|{{Date table sorting|28 November 1962}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Embaixada do Brasil na República Popular e Democrática Argelina. DECRETO Nº 1.708, DE 28 DE NOVEMBRO DE 1962. |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/77681-cria-uma-embaixada-do-brasil-na-republica-popular-e-democrutica-argelina.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|78
|{{Flag|Cyprus}}
|{{Dts|21 July 1964}}<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last=García |first=Hernan Alejandro Olano |date=2015 |title=Cyprus relations with Latin American countries The Colombian case |url=https://cidempanama.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Cyprus-relation.pdf |journal=Cidem Panama |pages=145}}</ref>
|-
|79
|{{flag|New Zealand}}
|{{dts|1964}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|80
|{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}
|{{Date table sorting|27 July 1965}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria a Embaixada do Brasil em Trinidad-e-Tobago e Extingue o Consulado em Port-of-Spain. Decreto Nº 56.616 de 27 de Julho de 1965 |url=https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos/?tipo=DEC&numero=56616&ano=1965&ato=b73MTVq5keZRVT842 |access-date=7 June 2023 |website=legislacao.presidencia.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|81
|{{flag|Libya}}
|{{Date table sorting|9 April 1967}}<ref name="Africa Research Bulletin">{{Cite book |title=Africa Research Bulletin |publisher=Blackwell |year=1967 |pages=767}}</ref>
|-
|82
|{{flag|Kenya}}
|{{Date table sorting|4 July 1967}}<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite book |title=Africa Research Bulletin |publisher=Blackwell |year=1967 |pages=827}}</ref>
|-
|83
|{{flag|Singapore}}
|{{dts|2 November 1967}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic & consular list |url=https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Overseas-Missions/-/media/D74B3129AEFA44BB8FC411746F005489.ashx |access-date=11 July 2022 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore |page=}}</ref>
|-
|84
|{{flag|Iraq}}
|{{dts|1 December 1967}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|85
|{{flag|Kuwait}}
|{{Date table sorting|20 January 1968}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=ARR: Arab Report and Record - Page 20 |publisher=Economic Features, Limited |year=1968}}</ref>
|-
|86
|{{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}
|{{Date table sorting|21 June 1968}}<ref name="books.google.com">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yMMOAAAAYAAJ&dq=Em+21+de+junho+de+1968+Os+Governos+do+Brasil+e+da+Rep%C3%BAblica+Democr%C3%A1tica+do+Congo&pg=RA2-PA23 |title=Documentos de política externa Volumes 1-4 |publisher=Brazil. Ministério das Relações Exteriores, Brazil. Secretaria Geral Adjunta para o Planejamento Político |year=1967 |pages=23 |language=pt |access-date=4 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
|87
|{{flag|Sudan}}
|{{Date table sorting|10 October 1968}}<ref name="ReferenceB">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yMMOAAAAYAAJ&dq=ESTABELECIMENTO+DE+RELA%C3%87%C3%95ES+DIPLOM%C3%81TICAS+COM+O+SUD%C3%83O+EM+10+DE+OUTUBRO+DE+1968+Os+Governos+do+Brasil+e+do+Sud%C3%A3o,+desejosos+de+estreitar+os+la%C3%A7os+de+amizade+entre+os+dois+pa%C3%ADses,+concordaram+em+trocar+Miss%C3%B5es+diplom%C3%A1ticas+com+a+categoria+de+Embaixada+.&pg=RA2-PA85 |title=Documentos de política externa Volumes 1-4 |publisher=Brazil. Ministério das Relações Exteriores, Brazil. Secretaria Geral Adjunta para o Planejamento Político |year=1967 |pages=85 |language=pt |access-date=4 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
|88
|{{flag|Ivory Coast}}
|{{Date table sorting|31 October 1968}}<ref name="ReferenceC">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yMMOAAAAYAAJ&dq=Com+vista+a+intensificar+as+rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es+cordiais+que+de+h%C3%A1+muito+existem++entre+os+dois+pa%C3%ADses,+o+Governos+do+Brasil+e+da+Costa+do+Marfim+decidiram+estabelecer+rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es+diplom%C3%A1ticas+permanentes,+em+n%C3%ADvel+de+Embaixada.&pg=RA2-PA101 |title=Documentos de política externa Volumes 1-4 |publisher=Brazil. Ministério das Relações Exteriores, Brazil. Secretaria Geral Adjunta para o Planejamento Político |year=1967 |pages=101 |language=pt |access-date=4 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
|89
|{{flag|Guyana}}
|{{DTS|18 December 1968}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Countries with which Guyana has Establishment Diplomatic Relations |url=http://www.minfor.gov.gy/docs/other/diplomatic_relations_list.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307101008/http://www.minfor.gov.gy/docs/other/diplomatic_relations_list.pdf |archive-date=7 March 2016 |access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref>
|-
|90
|{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
|{{Date table sorting|23 December 1968}}<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yMMOAAAAYAAJ&dq=EM+23+DE+DEZEMBRO++DE+1968++Desejosos+de+estreitar+os+la%C3%A7os+de+amizade+entre+a+Rep%C3%BAblica+Federativa+do+Brasil+e+o+Reino+da+Ar%C3%A1bia+Saudita,+os+dois+Governos+se+dispuseram+a+trocar+Miss%C3%B5es+diplom%C3%A1ticas+no+n%C3%ADvel+de+Embaixada+.&pg=RA2-PA129 |title=Documentos de política externa Volumes 1-4 |publisher=Brazil. Ministério das Relações Exteriores, Brazil. Secretaria Geral Adjunta para o Planejamento Político |year=1967 |pages=129 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|91
|{{flag|Uganda}}
|{{Date table sorting|22 December 1969}}<ref name="ReferenceD">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yMMOAAAAYAAJ&dq=ESTABELECIMENTO+DE+RELA%C3%87%C3%95ES+DIPLOMATICAS+COM+A+UGANDA+Em+22+de+dezembro+de+1969+Comunicado&pg=RA3-PA21 |title=Documentos de política externa Volumes 1-4 |publisher=Brazil. Ministério das Relações Exteriores, Brazil. Secretaria Geral Adjunta para o Planejamento Político |year=1967 |pages=21 |language=pt |access-date=4 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
|92
|{{Flag|Zambia}}
|{{DTS|28 December 1969}}<ref name="ReferenceD" />
|-
|93
|{{flag|Tanzania}}
|{{Date table sorting|5 January 1970}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=Summary of World Broadcasts Non-Arab Africa · Issues 3269-3342 |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service |year=1970}}</ref>
|-
|94
|{{flag|Barbados}}
|{{Date table sorting|26 November 1971}}<ref name="diplomaticrelations2">{{Cite web |title=LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH WHICH BARBADOS HAS DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BY REGIONS |url=http://foreign.gov.bb/documents/foreign-policy/22-countries-with-diplomaic-relations-with-barbados/file |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813184054/https://www.foreign.gov.bb/documents/foreign-policy/22-countries-with-diplomaic-relations-with-barbados/file |archive-date=13 August 2017 |access-date=25 March 2021 |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade (Barbados)}}</ref>
|-
|95
|{{Flag|Bangladesh}}
|{{dts|15 May 1972}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bangladesh-Brazil diplomatic relations |url=https://brasilia.mofa.gov.bd/en/site/page/Bangladesh-Brazil-diplomatic-relations |access-date=22 January 2024 |website=Embassy of the People's Republic of Bangladesh Brasilia DF, Brazil}}</ref>
|-
|96
|{{Flag|Gabon}}
|{{Date table sorting|11 January 1974}}<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jh0FAQAAIAAJ&dq=Brazil+and+Gabon+decided+to+establish+diplomatic+relations+at+ambassadorial+level&pg=RA4-PA29 |title=Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa Issues 1423-1432 |publisher=United States. Joint Publications Research Service |year=1974 |pages=29}}</ref>
|-
|97
|{{Flag|Qatar}}
|{{dts|20 May 1974}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|98
|{{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}
|{{dts|10 June 1974}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|99
|{{Flag|Oman}}
|{{dts|3 July 1974}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|100
|{{Flag|Sierra Leone}}
|{{Date table sorting|9 August 1974}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria a Embaixada do Brasil na República de Serra Leoa. DECRETO Nº 74.388, DE 9 DE AGOSTO DE 1974 |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/59068-cria-a-embaixada-do-brasil-na-republica-de-serra-leoa.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|101
|{{Flag|China}}
|{{Date table sorting|15 August 1974}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brasil e China estabeleceram relações diplomáticas em 15 de agosto de 1974. |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/embaixada-pequim/a-embaixada |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br Embaixada Pequim |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|102
|{{Flag|Guinea}}
|{{Date table sorting|4 September 1974}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=CRIA A EMBAIXADA DO BRASIL NA REPUBLICA DA GUINE. 04 de Setembro de 1974 |url=https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos/?tipo=DEC&numero=74503&ano=1974&ato=af9oXSE9EMnRVT1cc |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=legislacao.presidencia.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|103
|{{Flag|Guinea-Bissau}}
|{{Date table sorting|22 November 1974}}<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jCIFAQAAIAAJ&dq=Brazil+and+Guinea+Bissau+establish+diplomatic+relations+...&pg=RA10-PP30 |title=Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa Issues 1538-1554 |publisher=United States. Joint Publications Research Service |year=1974 |pages=27 |access-date=16 July 2023}}</ref>
|-
|104
|{{Flag|Mauritius}}
|{{dts|1974}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|105
|{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}
|{{Date table sorting|26 May 1975}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=Resenha de política exterior do Brasil |publisher=Brazil. Ministério das Relações Exteriores |year=1975 |pages=101 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|106
|{{flag|Malta}}
|{{Date table sorting|23 June 1975}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 May 2016 |title=PRESS RELEASE ISSUED BY THE OFFICE OF THE SPEAKER: Speaker receives Brazilian Ambassador |url=https://www.gov.mt/en/Government/DOI/Press%20Releases/Pages/2016/May/20/pr161116.aspx |access-date=23 September 2023}}</ref>
|-
|107
|{{flag|Ireland}}
|{{Date table sorting|1 September 1975}}<ref name="Relatório">{{Cite book |title=Relatório |publisher=Brazil. Ministério das Relações Exteriores |year=1975 |pages=140 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|108
|{{flag|Burkina Faso}}
|{{dts|8 October 1975}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|109
|{{Flag|Niger}}
|{{dts|24 October 1975}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=República do Níger |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/republica-do-niger |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|110
|{{flag|Angola}}
|{{Date table sorting|12 November 1975}}<ref name="Relação Diplomática no Brasil">{{Cite web |title=Relação Diplomática no Brasil |url=https://mirex.gov.ao/PortalMIREX/#!/relacoes-diplomaticas/brasil |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=mirex.gov.ao |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|111
|{{flag|Mozambique}}
|{{Date table sorting|15 November 1975}}<ref name="gov.br">{{Cite web |title=Brasil e Moçambique completam 40 anos do estabelecimento de relações diplomáticas |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/canais_atendimento/imprensa/notas-a-imprensa/brasil-e-mocambique-completam-40-anos-do-estabelecimento-de-relacoes-diplomaticas |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=Ministério das Relações Exteriores Brasil |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|112
|{{flag|Lesotho}}
|{{dts|3 December 1975}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=CRIA A EMBAIXADA DO BRASIL NO REINO DO LESOTO. DECRETO Nº 76.968, DE 31 DE DEZEMBRO DE 1975. |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/54884-cria-a-embaixada-do-brasil-no-reino-do-lesoto.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|113
|{{flag|Cape Verde}}
|{{dts|5 December 1975}}<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last1=Muzart-Fonseca dos Santos |first1=Idelette |title=Les îles du Cap-Vert: langues, mémoires, histoire |last2=Manuel Da Costa Esteves |first2=José |last3=Rolland |first3=Denis |publisher=[[L'Harmattan]] |year=2007 |pages=239–240 |language=fr}}</ref>
|-
|114
|{{Flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}
|{{dts|December 1975}}<ref name="Bilateral">{{cite web |url=https://repositorio.iscte-iul.pt/bitstream/10071/4015/1/Rizzi_STP_519_552.pdf |access-date=30 November 2021 |title=A política externa brasileira para São Tomé e Príncipe: O teor político da cooperação Sul-Sul}}</ref>
|-
|115
|{{Flag|Nepal}}
|{{DTS|7 February 1976}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations |url=https://mofa.gov.np/foreign-policy/bilateral-relation/ |access-date=25 June 2021 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Nepal}}</ref>
|-
|116
|{{flag|Bahrain}}
|{{dts|23 February 1976}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilateral relations |url=https://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=73&language=en-US |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505195337/https://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=73&language=en-US |archive-date=5 May 2012 |access-date=15 May 2023}}</ref>
|-
|117
|{{flag|Suriname}}
|{{dts|3 March 1976|format=dmy}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lijst van Diplomatieke Betrekkingen en Visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten |url=http://www.gov.sr/media/12102008/lijst-van-diplomatieke-betrekkingen-en-visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416134520/http://www.gov.sr/media/12102008/lijst-van-diplomatieke-betrekkingen-en-visum-afschaffingsovereenkomsten.pdf |archive-date=16 April 2019 |access-date=22 December 2021 |website=gov.sr |language=nl}}</ref>
|-
|118
|{{flag|Liberia}}
|{{dts|8 June 1976}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Resenha de política exterior do Brasil |url=https://antigo.funag.gov.br/chdd/images/Resenhas/RPEB_9_abr_mai_jun_1976.pdf |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=antigo.funag.gov.br |page=111 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|119
|{{flag|Grenada}}
|{{dts|19 July 1976}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 September 2011 |title=The Government of Grenada has extended congratulations to the Government and people of Brazil on the commemoration of its 189th anniversary of Independence. |url=https://www.sknvibes.com/news/newsdetails.cfm/41038 |access-date=2 August 2023}}</ref>
|-
|120
|{{Flag|Cameroon}}
|{{Date table sorting|1976}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 May 2023 |title=Embaixador e Embaixatriz do Cameroun comemoram a 51° Data Nacional do país |url=https://www.diplomaciabusiness.com/embaixador-e-embaixatriz-do-cameroun-comemoram-a-51-data-nacional-do-pais/ |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|121
|{{Flag|Eswatini}}
|{{dts|23 June 1978}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=CRIA A EMBAIXADA DO BRASIL NO REINO DA SUAZILANDIA. DECRETO Nº 81.808 DE 23 DE JUNHO DE 1978 |url=https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos/?tipo=DEC&numero=81808&ano=1978&ato=f62cXWE9UerRVTa78 |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=legislacao.presidencia.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|122
|{{Flag|Bahamas}}
|{{Date table sorting|8 September 1978}}<ref name=":05">{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic relations between Brazil and ... |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/search?f1=series&as=1&sf=title&so=a&rm=&m1=p&p1=Diplomatic%20relations%20between%20Brazil%20and%20...&ln=en |access-date=15 September 2023 |website=United Nations Digital Library}}</ref>
|-
|123
|{{flag|Gambia}}
|{{dts|11 May 1979}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=Revue française d'études politiques africaines Issues 157-162 |publisher=Société africaine d'édition |year=1979 |pages=20 |language=fr |quote=GAMBIE 11 - Etablissement relations diplomatiques avec Brésil}}</ref>
|-
|124
|{{Flag|Saint Lucia}}
|{{Date table sorting|21 December 1979}}<ref name=":05" />
|-
|125
|{{Flag|Burundi}}
|{{Date table sorting|4 March 1980}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=A política externa do regime militar brasileiro: multilateralização, desenvolvimento e construção de uma potência média, 1964-1985 |publisher=Editora da Universidade, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul |year=1998 |pages=330 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|126
|{{Flag|Zimbabwe}}
|{{Dts|18 April 1980}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=A política externa do regime militar brasileiro: multilateralização, desenvolvimento e construção de uma potência média, 1964-1985 |publisher=Editora da Universidade, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 1998 |page=330}}</ref>
|-
|127
|{{Flag|Republic of the Congo}}
|{{Date table sorting|4 May 1980}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|128
|{{Flag|Rwanda}}
|{{dts|20 January 1981}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=A política externa do regime militar brasileiro: multilateralização, desenvolvimento e construção de uma potência média, 1964-1985 (in Portugal) |publisher=Editora da Universidade, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul |year=1998 |pages=330}}</ref>
|-
|129
|{{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
|{{Date table sorting|2 February 1982}}<ref name=":0">{{cite web |author=Government of Antigua and Barbuda |title=Chronology of Antigua and Barbudas Bilateral relations |url=http://www.un.int/antigua/bilachro.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117180614/http://www.un.int/antigua/bilachro.htm |archive-date=17 January 2012 |access-date=24 February 2011}}</ref>
|-
|130
|{{Flag|Myanmar}}
|{{Date table sorting|1 September 1982}}<ref>{{cite web |date= |title=Diplomatic relations |url=http://myanmarbsb.org/_site/diplomatic-relations/ |access-date=13 May 2022 |archive-date=12 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230712174127/http://myanmarbsb.org/_site/diplomatic-relations/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|131
|{{Flag|Belize}}
|{{Date table sorting|1 March 1983}}<ref name=":04">{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations |url=http://www.mfa.gov.bz/images/documents/DIPLOMATIC%20RELATIONS.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230194831/http://www.mfa.gov.bz/images/documents/DIPLOMATIC%20RELATIONS.pdf |archive-date=30 December 2017 |access-date=30 December 2016}}</ref>
|-
|132
|{{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}
|{{Date table sorting|19 September 1983}}<ref name=":06">{{cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.foreign.gov.kn/2906-2/ |access-date=1 April 2021 |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Saint Kitts and Nevis}}</ref>
|-
|133
|{{Flag|Brunei}}
|{{Date table sorting|8 June 1984}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Resenha de politica exterior do Brasil numero 41, abril, maio e junho de 1984 |url=https://www.funag.gov.br/chdd/images/Resenhas/RPEB_41_abr_mai_jun_1984.pdf |access-date=8 June 2023 |website=funag.gov.br |page=109 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|134
|{{Flag|Yemen}}
|{{dts|7 May 1985}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|135
|{{Flag|Botswana}}
|{{Date table sorting|26 September 1985}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|136
|{{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}
|{{Date table sorting|25 October 1985}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=de Oliveira Castro |first=Flávio Mendes |title=1808-2008: dois séculos de história da organização do Itamaraty |year=2009 |volume=2 |pages=75 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|137
|{{Flag|Dominica}}
|{{DTS|9 April 1986}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Commonwealth of Dominica |url=http://antigo.itamaraty.gov.br/en/ficha-pais/10796-commonwealth-of-dominica |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820221916/http://antigo.itamaraty.gov.br/en/ficha-pais/10796-commonwealth-of-dominica |archive-date=20 August 2021 |access-date=20 August 2021}}</ref>
|-
|138
|{{Flag|Seychelles}}
|{{Date table sorting|10 November 1986}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|139
|{{Flag|Vanuatu}}
|{{Date table sorting|22 December 1986}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|140
|{{Flag|Somalia}}
|{{Date table sorting|2 February 1987}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|141
|{{Flag|Mongolia}}
|{{Date table sorting|18 June 1987}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|142
|{{Flag|Maldives}}
|{{Date table sorting|27 September 1988}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|143
|{{Flag|Papua New Guinea}}
|{{Date table sorting|27 April 1989}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|144
|{{Flag|Vietnam}}
|{{dts|8 May 1989}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 2010 |title=America |url=https://lamdong.gov.vn/sites/lderd/operationnotes/countriesandregions/SitePages/america.aspx |access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref>
|-
|145
|{{Flag|Namibia}}
|{{Date table sorting|21 March 1990}}<ref name="Ministério das Relações Exteriores">{{Cite book |title=Resenha de política exterior do Brasil |publisher=Ministério das Relações Exteriores |year=1990 |pages=96 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|146
|{{Flag|Malawi}}
|{{Date table sorting|23 August 1990}}<ref name="ReferenceE">{{Cite book |title=Resenha de política exterior do Brasil - Issues 64-69 |publisher=Brazil. Ministério das Relações Exteriores |year=1990 |pages=99 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|147
|{{Flag|Lithuania}}
|{{Date table sorting|5 November 1991}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|148
|{{Flag|Latvia}}
|{{Date table sorting|7 November 1991}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|149
|{{Flag|Estonia}}
|{{Date table sorting|16 December 1991}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|150
|{{Flag|Belarus}}
|{{Date table sorting|10 February 1992}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|151
|{{Flag|Ukraine}}
|{{Date table sorting|11 February 1992}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|152
|{{Flag|Armenia}}
|{{Date table sorting|17 February 1992}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|153
|{{flag|Azerbaijan}}
|{{dts|23 October 1992}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Foreign policy - bilateral relations |url=https://mfa.gov.az/en/category/bilateral-relations |access-date=3 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|154
|{{Flag|Slovenia}}
|{{Date table sorting|21 December 1992}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|155
|{{Flag|Croatia}}
|{{Date table sorting|23 December 1992}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|156
|{{Flag|Slovakia}}
|{{Dts|1 January 1993}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Štáty a teritóriá |url=https://www.mzv.sk/staty |access-date=26 May 2023 |language=sk}}</ref>
|-
|157
|{{flag|Georgia}}
|{{dts|28 April 1993}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilateral relations |url=https://mfa.gov.ge/MainNav/ForeignPolicy/BilateralRelations.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619062211/https://mfa.gov.ge/MainNav/ForeignPolicy/BilateralRelations.aspx |archive-date=19 June 2022 |access-date=1 September 2022}}</ref>
|-
|158
|{{flag|Liechtenstein}}
|{{dts|29 April 1993}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=DECRETO DE 29 DE ABRIL DE 1993. Fica criada a Embaixada do Brasil em Vaduz, Principado de Liechtenstein |url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/dnn/anterior_a_2000/1993/Dnn1501impressao.htm |website=planalto.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|159
|{{Flag|Uzbekistan}}
|{{Date table sorting|30 April 1993}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=STATES WITH WHICH THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS |url=https://mfa.uz/en/pages/strani-kotoriye-uzbekistan-ustanovil-diplomaticheskiye-otnosheniya |access-date=15 June 2023}}</ref>
|-
|160
|{{Flag|Kyrgyzstan}}
|{{Date table sorting|1993|8|6|format=dmy}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Список стран, с которыми КР установил дипломатические отношения |url=https://mfa.gov.kg/kg/osnovnoe-menyu/vneshnyaya-politika/mezhdunarodnye-dogovory/spisok-stran-s-kotorymi-ustanovleny-dipotnosheniya/spisok-stran-s-kotorymi-kr-ustanovil-diplomaticheskie-otnosheniya |access-date=10 October 2021 |language=ru}}</ref>
|-
|161
|{{flag|Moldova}}
|{{dts|11 August 1993}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilateral relations |url=https://mfa.gov.md/en/content/republic-afghanistan |access-date=31 July 2021 |website=MFA Moldova |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624002439/https://mfa.gov.md/en/content/republic-afghanistan |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|162
|{{Flag|Kazakhstan}}
|{{dts|22 September 1993}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Страны, установившие дипломатические отношения с Республикой Казахстан |url=http://mfa.kz/ru/content-view/spisok-stran-ustanovivshikh-diplomaticheskie-otnosheniya-s-rk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220233503/http://mfa.kz/ru/content-view/spisok-stran-ustanovivshikh-diplomaticheskie-otnosheniya-s-rk |archive-date=20 February 2020 |access-date=30 April 2022 |language=ru}}</ref>
|-
|163
|{{Flag|Cambodia}}
|{{Date table sorting|25 March 1994}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|164
|{{Flag|Laos}}
|{{Date table sorting|13 June 1995}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|165
|{{Flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
|{{Date table sorting|6 December 1995}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|166
|{{Flag|Tajikistan}}
|{{dts|29 March 1996}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=LIST OF STATES WITH WHICH THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS |url=https://mfa.tj/uploads/main/2022/12/12-12-2022-11-21.pdf |access-date=6 April 2023}}</ref>
|-
|167
|{{Flag|Turkmenistan}}
|{{Dts|3 April 1996}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=STATES WITH WHICH TURKMENISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS |url=https://www.mfa.gov.tm/en/articles/55?breadcrumbs=no |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508101911/https://www.mfa.gov.tm/en/articles/55?breadcrumbs=no |archive-date=8 May 2019 |access-date=17 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
|168
|{{Flag|Andorra}}
|{{Date table sorting|9 July 1996}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|169
|{{Flag|Madagascar}}
|{{Date table sorting|7 October 1996}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|170
|{{Flag|Chad}}
|{{Date table sorting|8 October 1996}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|171
|{{Flag|Djibouti}}
|{{Date table sorting|22 October 1996}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|172
|{{Flag|Eritrea}}
|{{Date table sorting|7 November 1996}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|173
|{{Flag|North Macedonia}}
|{{Date table sorting|14 September 1998}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilateral relations |url=http://www.mfa.gov.mk/default1.aspx?ItemID=310 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930040551/http://www.mfa.gov.mk/default1.aspx?ItemID=310 |archive-date=30 September 2011 |access-date=3 April 2021 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of North Macedonia}}</ref>
|-
|174
|{{Flag|North Korea}}
|{{Date table sorting|9 March 2001}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=DPRK Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/issue-briefs/DPRK_Diplo_Relations_August2016.pdf |access-date=14 July 2022 |publisher=NCNK |pages=8–9 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/issue-briefs/DPRK_Diplo_Relations_August2016.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|175
|{{Flag|East Timor}}
|{{dts|May 2002}}<ref name=":1" />
|-
|176
|{{Flag|San Marino}}
|{{Dts|20 November 2003}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Acordo bilaterale - Exchange of Notes on the establishment of official diplomatic relations |url=https://www.esteri.sm/pub2/EsteriSM/en/dettaglio_accordi.html?idaccordo=f12e9b6f-b923-43a3-a03c-128a487a4907 |access-date=30 January 2024}}</ref>
|-
|177
|{{Flag|Palau}}
|{{Date table sorting|31 January 2005}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|178
|{{Flag|Samoa}}
|{{Date table sorting|1 February 2005}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|179
|{{Flag|Comoros}}
|{{Dts|25 March 2005}}<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Randig |first=Rodrigo Wiese |date=2017 |title=Argentina, primeiro país a reconhecer a independência do Brasil |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/media/artigo-argentina.pdf |access-date=16 September 2023 |pages=523–524 |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|180
|{{Flag|Solomon Islands}}
|{{Date table sorting|2 August 2005}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|181
|{{Flag|Nauru}}
|{{Date table sorting|2 November 2005}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|182
|{{Flag|Fiji}}
|{{Date table sorting|16 February 2006}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|183
|{{Flag|Tuvalu}}
|{{Date table sorting|12 May 2006}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|184
|{{Flag|Montenegro}}
|{{dts|2006|10|20|format=dmy}}<ref name="mfa">{{cite web |title=Tabela priznanja i uspostavljanja diplomatskih odnosa |url=https://mvp.gov.me/rubrike/bilateralni-odnosi/Tabela-priznanja-i-uspostavljanja-diplomatskih-odn |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213235103/https://mvp.gov.me/rubrike/bilateralni-odnosi/Tabela-priznanja-i-uspostavljanja-diplomatskih-odn |archive-date=13 February 2020 |access-date=16 April 2021 |publisher=Montenegro Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration}}</ref>
|-
|185
|{{Flag|Bhutan}}
|{{Dts|21 September 2009}}<ref name=":2" />
|-
|186
|{{Flag|Monaco}}
|{{Dts|14 April 2010}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|187
|{{Flag|Central African Republic}}
|{{Dts|27 April 2010}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|188
|{{Flag|Marshall Islands}}
|{{Date table sorting|27 July 2010}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|189
|{{Flag|Kiribati}}
|{{Dts|21 September 2010}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 September 2010 |title=Nova York - Estabelecimento de Relações Diplomáticas com Kiribati |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/mrebrasil/5011959691/ |access-date=16 September 2023 |website=flickr.com |language=pt}}</ref>
|-
|190
|{{Flag|Federated States of Micronesia}}
|{{Date table sorting|25 October 2010}}<ref name=":32" />
|-
|191
|{{Flag|South Sudan}}
|{{Dts|9 July 2011}}<ref name=":2" />
|-
|—
|{{Flag|State of Palestine}}
|{{Dts|3 December 2011}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations |url=http://palestineun.org/about-palestine/diplomatic-relations/ |access-date=26 September 2023 |archive-date=27 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927134802/http://palestineun.org/about-palestine/diplomatic-relations |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|192
|{{Flag|Tonga}}
|{{Dts|21 December 2011}}<ref name=":2" />
|-
|—
|{{Flag|Cook Islands}}
|{{dts|21 August 2015}}<ref name=":2" />
|-
|—
|{{Flag|Niue}}
|{{dts|2 September 2016}}<ref name=":2" />
|}

==Bilateral relations==
===Africa===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal relations began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Algeria}}||28 November 1962||See [[Algeria–Brazil relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 November 1962<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Embaixada do Brasil na República Popular e Democrática Argelina. DECRETO Nº 1.708, DE 28 DE NOVEMBRO DE 1962. |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/77681-cria-uma-embaixada-do-brasil-na-republica-popular-e-democrutica-argelina.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>

* Algeria has an embassy in Brasilia.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Algiers]].
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Angola}}||12 November 1975||See [[Angola–Brazil relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 November 1975<ref name="Relação Diplomática no Brasil"/>

* Angola has an embassy in Brasilia and consulates-general in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Luanda]].
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Cameroon}}||<!--Date started-->||

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Yaoundé]].
* Cameroon has an embassy in Brasília.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Cape Verde}}||<!--Date started-->1975||See [[Brazil–Cape Verde relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Praia]].
* Cape Verde has an embassy in Brasilia.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}||21 June 1968||See [[Brazil–Democratic Republic of the Congo relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 June 1968<ref name="books.google.com"/>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Kinshasa]].
* DR Congo has an embassy in Brasília.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Côte d'Ivoire}}||31 October 1968||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 October 1968<ref name="ReferenceC"/>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Abidjan]].
* Côte d'Ivoire has an embassy in Brasília.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Egypt}}||27 February 1924||See [[Brazil–Egypt relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 February 1924<ref>{{Cite web |title=República Árabe do Egito |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/republica-arabe-do-egito |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Cairo]].
* Egypt has an embassy in Brasília, a consulate-general in Rio de Janeiro, and a commercial office in São Paulo.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Ethiopia}}||9 January 1951||See [[Brazil–Ethiopia relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 January 1951 when was accredited first Minister of Ethiopia to Brazil Mr. Blatta Dawit Ogbazgy<ref>{{Cite book |title=British Documents on Foreign Affairs--reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print: Latin America, 1951 |publisher=LexisNexis |year=2005 |pages=86}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Addis Ababa]].
* Ethiopia has an embassy in Brasília.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Gabon}}||11 January 1974||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 January 1974<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jh0FAQAAIAAJ&dq=Brazil+and+Gabon+decided+to+establish+diplomatic+relations+at+ambassadorial+level&pg=RA4-PA29 |title=Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa Issues 1423-1432 |publisher=United States. Joint Publications Research Service |year=1974 |pages=29}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Libreville]].
* Gabon has an embassy in Brasília.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Ghana}}||<!--Date started-->1960||

* Ghana and Brazil share a historically close relationship.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Accra]].
* Ghana has an embassy in Brasília.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Guinea}}||4 September 1974||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 September 1974<ref>{{Cite web |title=CRIA A EMBAIXADA DO BRASIL NA REPUBLICA DA GUINE. 04 de Setembro de 1974 |url=https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos/?tipo=DEC&numero=74503&ano=1974&ato=af9oXSE9EMnRVT1cc |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=legislacao.presidencia.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Conakry]].
* Guinea has an embassy in Brasília.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}||22 November 1974||See [[Brazil–Guinea-Bissau relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 November 1974.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jCIFAQAAIAAJ&dq=Brazil+and+Guinea+Bissau+establish+diplomatic+relations+...&pg=RA10-PP30 |title=Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa Issues 1538-1554 |publisher=United States. Joint Publications Research Service |year=1974 |pages=27 |access-date=16 July 2023}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Bissau]].
* Guinea-Bissau has an embassy in Brasília..
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Kenya}}||4 July 1967||See [[Brazil–Kenya relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 July 1967<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Nairobi]].
* Kenya has an embassy in Brasília.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Libya}}||9 April 1967||See [[Brazil–Libya relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 April 1967<ref name="Africa Research Bulletin"/>

* Libya has an embassy in [[Brasília]].
* Brazil is accredited to Libya from its embassy in [[Tunis]], [[Tunisia]].
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Madagascar}}||7 October 1996||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 October 1996<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Brazil and Madagascar as of 7 Oct. 1996 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1478451?ln=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=digitallibrary.un.org| date=7 October 1996 }}</ref>
* Brazil is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Maputo, Mozambique.
* Madagascar is accredited to Brazil from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
|-
|{{Flag|Malawi}}
|23 August 1990
|Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 August 1990<ref name="ReferenceE"/>
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Mali}}||<!--Date started-->||

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Bamako]].
* Mali has an embassy in Brasília.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Mozambique }}||15 November 1975||See [[Brazil–Mozambique relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 November 1975<ref name="gov.br"/>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Maputo]].
* Mozambique has an embassy in Brasília.

Mozambique is the country that receives the highest amount of Brazilian aid in Africa. Almost 50% of Brazilian aid allocated to the African continent between 1998 and 2010 was allocated to Mozambique.{{sfn|Abellán|Alonso|2017|p=9}}
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Namibia}}||21 March 1990||See [[Brazil–Namibia relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 March 1990<ref name="Ministério das Relações Exteriores"/>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Windhoek]].
* Namibia has an embassy in Brasília.
|-- valign="top"
|{{flag|Nigeria }}||16 August 1961||See [[Brazil–Nigeria relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 August 1961<ref>{{Cite web |title=CRIA UMA EMBAIXADA DO BRASIL NA REPUBLICA DA NIGERIA. DECRETO Nº 51.198 DE 16 DE AGOSTO DE 1961 |url=https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos/?tipo=DEC&numero=51198&ano=1961&ato=c01oXUE1UMVRVT1f7 |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=legislacao.presidencia.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>

Bilateral relations between Nigeria and Brazil focus primarily upon trade and culture. The largest country in Latin America by size, and the largest country in Africa by population are remotely bordered across from one another by the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil and Nigeria for centuries, have enjoyed a warmly, friendly, and strong relationship on the basis of culture (many [[Afro-Brazilian]]s trace their ancestry to Nigeria) and commercial trade.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Abuja]] and a consulate-general in [[Lagos]].
* Nigeria has an embassy in Brasília.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}||<!--Date started-->1975||See [[Brazil–São Tomé and Príncipe relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[São Tomé]].
* São Tomé and Príncipe is accredited to Brazil from its Permanent Mission to the [[United Nations]] in [[New York City]], United States.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Senegal}}||26 April 1961||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 April 1961<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Embaixada do Brasil na República do Senegal. DECRETO Nº 50.503, DE 26 DE ABRIL DE 1961. |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/81926-cria-uma-embaixada-do-brasil-na-republica-do-senegal.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Dakar]].
* Senegal has an embassy in Brasília.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|South Africa }}||31 January 1948||See [[Brazil–South Africa relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 January 1948<ref>{{Cite web |title=República da África do Sul |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/republica-da-africa-do-sul |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>

Brazil-South Africa relations have traditionally been close. Brazil has provided military assistance to South Africa in the form of warfare training and logistics. Bilateral relations between the countries have recently increased, as a result of Brazil's new ''South-South'' foreign policy aimed to strengthen integration between the major powers of the [[developing world]]. South Africa is part of the [[IBSA Dialogue Forum]], alongside Brazil and India.

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Pretoria]] and a consulate-general in [[Cape Town]].
* South Africa has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in [[São Paulo]].
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Sudan}}||10 October 1968||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 October 1968<ref name="ReferenceB"/>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Khartoum]].
* Sudan has an embassy in Brasília.
|}

===Americas===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal relations began
!Notes
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Argentina }}||5 August 1823||See [[Argentina–Brazil relations]] 
Argentina is the first country to recognize Brazil's independence and to establish diplomatic relations with the empire. The Argentine envoy Valentín Gómez presents the Brazilian Foreign Minister with a credential letter signed by Bernardino Rivadavia, with the recognition of Brazil's independence (August 5), and is received by Dom Pedro I (August 11)<ref>{{Cite web |title=República Argentina |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/republica-argentina |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
After democratization, a strong integration and partnership began between the two countries. In 1985 they signed the basis for the [[MERCOSUL]], a Regional Trade Agreement. In the field of science, the two regional giants had been rivals since the 1950s when both governments launched parallel nuclear and space programs, however, several agreements were signed since then such as the creation of the [[Brazilian–Argentine Agency for Accounting and Control of Nuclear Materials]] (ABACC) to verify both countries' pledges to use nuclear energy only for peaceful purposes. National spaces agencies [[CONAE]] and the [[Brazilian Space Agency|AEB]] had also begun working together since the 1990s. Brazil's decision to prevent a Royal Navy ship docking in Rio de Janeiro was seen as backing Argentina over the Falklands dispute.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/southamerica/brazil/8251700/Britains-isolation-on-Falklands-grows-with-anti-colonial-Brazil-snub.html|title=Britain's isolation on Falklands grows with 'anti-colonial' Brazil snub|first=Robin|last=Yapp|date=22 May 2018|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}}</ref>
Also on the military side there has been greater rapprochement. In accordance with the friendship policy, both armies dissolved or moved major units previously located at their common border (for example, [[Argentine Army|Argentine]]'s 7th Jungle and 3rd Motorized Infantry Brigades). Brazilian soldiers are embedded in the Argentine [[peacekeeping]] contingent at [[UNFICYP]] in [[Cyprus]] and they are working together at [[MINUSTAH]] in [[Haiti]] and, as another example of collaboration, [[Argentine Navy]] aircraft routinely operate from the [[Brazilian Navy]] carrier [[NAe São Paulo]].
* Argentina has an embassy in [[Brasília]] and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Buenos Aires]] and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
* In May 2023, Argentina and Brazil announced plans to continue working on the development of a mechanism allowing them to avoid using the [[US dollar]] in [[bilateral trade]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Argentina and Brazil to discuss trade agreement to skip dollar |url=https://buenosairesherald.com/business/argentina-and-brazil-to-discuss-trade-agreement-to-skip-dollar |website=[[Buenos Aires Herald]] |date=2 May 2023 |access-date=4 May 2023}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Bolivia}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Bolivia–Brazil relations]]

* Bolivia has an embassy in Brasilia and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[La Paz]] and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Canada }}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Canada relations]]

Brazil-Canada relations have been cordial but relatively limited, although the relationship between the two countries has been gradually evolving over time. 
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Ottawa]] and consulates-general in [[Montreal]], [[Toronto]] and [[Vancouver]].
* Canada has an embassy in Brasília, and consulates-general in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Chile }}||22 April 1836||See [[Brazil–Chile relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 April 1836<ref>{{Cite web |title=República do Chile |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/republica-do-chile |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>

Chile and Brazil have acted numerous times as mediators in international conflicts, such as in the [[Veracruz Incident|1914 diplomatic impasse]] between the United States and Mexico, avoiding a possible [[war|state of war]] between those two countries. More recently, since the [[2004 Haiti rebellion]], Chile and Brazil have actively participated in the [[United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti]], which is led by the [[Brazilian Army]]. They are also two of the three most important economies in South America along with Argentina.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Santiago]].
* Chile has an embassy in Brasília and consulates-general in [[Porto Alegre]], [[Rio de Janeiro]], and [[São Paulo]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Colombia}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Colombia relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Bogotá]] and a vice-consulate in [[Leticia, Amazonas|Leticia]].
* Colombia has an embassy in Brasilia and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Costa Rica}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Costa Rica relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]].
* Costa Rica has an embassy in Brasilia.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Cuba}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Cuba relations]]

Brazilian-Cuban relations were classified as "excellent" in May 2008 following a meeting of foreign ministers.<ref name="juventudrebelde.co.cu">[http://www.juventudrebelde.co.cu/cuba/2008-05-31/cuba-brazil-relations-get-new-impulse/ Cuba-Brazil Relations Get New Impulse] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830183544/http://www.juventudrebelde.co.cu/cuba/2008-05-31/cuba-brazil-relations-get-new-impulse/ |date=August 30, 2009 }} Juventuderebelde.co.cu. Retrieved on 2008-05-31.</ref> During a January 2008 state visit to Cuba by Brazilian President [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva|Lula da Silva]], the Brazilian leader expressed desire for his country to be Cuba's "number one partner".<ref name="juventudrebelde.co.cu"/>
Bilateral trade increased by 58% between April 2007 and April 2008.<ref>[http://www.cubanews.ain.cu/2008/0530amistadbrasil.htm Brazil Wants to Be Cuba's Number-One Trade Partner] CubaNews.cu. Retrieved on 2008-05-30.</ref>

Brazilian-Cuban relations  have deteriorated greatly  during the presidency of Brazilian rightwing president [[Jair Bolsonaro]] since 2019 .He stopped [[Mais Médicos]] (More Doctors) programme and  thousands of Cuban doctors left Brazil.<ref>{{cite news |title=Brazil's Bolsonaro threatens to cut diplomatic ties with Cuba |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-cuba-idUSKCN1N71ZF |work=Reuters |date=2 November 2018 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Cuban doctors head home, leaving Brazilian towns with no care |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brazil-cuba-doctors-idUSKCN1NR2C5 |work=Reuters |date=22 November 2018 |language=en}}</ref> In November 2019, Brazil voted for the first time against an annual United Nations resolution condemning and calling for an end to Washington's economic embargo on Cuba.<ref>{{cite news |title=Exclusive: Brazil likely to vote with U.S. against Cuba at U.N. over embargo |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-un-cuba-brazil-exclusive-idUSKBN1XG2ZZ |work=Reuters |date=6 November 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Havana]].
* Cuba has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in [[São Paulo]].
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Dominica}}||9 February 1981||
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 February 1981<ref>{{Cite book |last=Paulo Gilberto Fagundes Vizentini |title=A política externa do regime militar brasileiro multilateralização, desenvolvimento e construção de uma potência média, 1964-1985 |publisher=Editora da UFRGS |year=2004 |pages=318 |language=pt}}</ref> 
* Brazil is accredited to Dominica from its embassy in Bridgetown, Barbados.
* Dominica is accredited to Brazil from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Guyana }}||18 November 1968||See [[Brazil–Guyana relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 November 1968<ref>{{Cite book |title=Guyana Journal - Volume 1 |publisher=Guyana. Ministry of External Affairs |year=1973}}</ref>
Brazil–Guyana relations have traditionally been close. Brazil has provided military assistance to [[Guyana]] in the form of warfare training and logistics. Bilateral relations between the countries have recently increased, as a result of Brazil's new ''South-South'' foreign policy aimed to strengthen South American integration.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]].
* Guyana has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in [[Boa Vista, Roraima|Boa Vista]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Haiti}}||<!--Date started-->1928||See [[Brazil–Haiti relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Port-au-Prince]].
* Haiti has an embassy in Brasília.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Jamaica }}||14 October 1962||See [[Brazil–Jamaica relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 October 1962<ref>{{Cite web |title=JAMAICA/BRAZIL BILATERAL RELATIONS |url=http://www.jis.gov.jm/special_sections/brazil/bilateralRelations.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612204326/http://www.jis.gov.jm/special_sections/brazil/bilateralRelations.pdf |archive-date=12 June 2011 |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=jis.gov.jm}}</ref>
Both countries are full members of the [[Group of 15]].
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]].
* Jamaica has an embassy in Brasília.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Mexico }}||<!--Date started-->7 August 1824||See [[Brazil–Mexico relations]]

Brazil and Mexico have the two largest emerging economies in Latin-America and the global stage. Both nations are considered to be [[regional power]]s and highly influential within the American continent. Both nations have historically been friendly and they have both participated in and are members of several multilateral organizations such as the [[G20]], [[Organization of American States]], [[Organization of Ibero-American States]], [[Rio Group]] and the [[United Nations]]. Several high-level diplomatic meeting have been held by presidents of both nations to enhance bilateral relations.

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Mexico City]].
* Mexico has an embassy in Brasilia and consulates-general in [[Rio de Janeiro]] and [[São Paulo]].
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Paraguay}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Paraguay relations]]
Paraguay–Brazil relations have improved greatly after Brazilian President Lula's decision in 2009 to triple its payments to Paraguay for energy from a massive hydro-electric dam on their border, ending a long-running dispute. Under the accord, Brazil will pay Paraguay $360m a year for energy from the jointly-operated Itaipu plant. Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva called it a "historic agreement" and the deal slated as a political victory for Paraguayan President [[Fernando Lugo]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8169084.stm | work=BBC News | title=Brazil and Paraguay in power deal | date=2009-07-25 | access-date=2010-04-02}}</ref> 
In February 2019, Brazilian President [[Jair Bolsonaro]] praised the late military strongman of Paraguay, [[Alfredo Stroessner]], calling him "a man of vision." Bolsonaro made the comments during a ceremony at the [[Itaipu Dam|Itaipu hydroelectric dam]] on the countries' shared border. At his side was his close ally, Paraguayan right-wing President [[Mario Abdo Benítez|Mario Abdo Benitez]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Brazil's Bolsonaro praises late Paraguay dictator Stroessner |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/brazils-bolsonaro-praises-late-paraguay-dictator-stroessner-61386307 |work=ABC News |language=en}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Asunción]] and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
* Paraguay has an embassy in Brasília and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Peru}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Peru relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Lima]] and a consulate in [[Iquitos]].
* Peru has an embassy in Brasilía and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Suriname}}||25 November 1975||See [[Brazil–Suriname relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 November 1975<ref>{{Cite book |title=Resenha de política exterior do Brasil |publisher=Brazil. Ministério das Relações Exteriores |year=1975 |pages=131 |language=pt}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Paramaribo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://paramaribo.itamaraty.gov.br/en-us/location.xml |title=Location|website=Embassy of Brazil in Paramaribo|access-date=27 December 2021|language=en, pt}}</ref>
* Suriname has an embassy in Brasilia,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?coll=ddd&identifier=ddd:011021349:mpeg21:p002 |title=6 ambassades in het buitenland |website=De Vrije Stem via Delpher.nl|date=13 December 1975|access-date=26 December 2021|language=nl}}</ref> and a consulate-general in [[Belém]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dbsuriname.com/2012/11/22/lackin-opent-consulaat-belem/ |title=Lackin opent consulaat Belem|website=Dagblad Suriname|access-date=27 December 2021|date=22 November 2012|language=nl}}</ref>
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}||27 July 1965||See [[Brazil-Trinidad and Tobago relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 July 1965<ref>{{Cite web |title=CRIA A EMBAIXADA DO BRASIL EM TRINIDAD-E-TOBAGO E EXTINGUE O CONSULADO EM PORT -OF-SPAIN. DECRETO Nº 56.616 DE 27 DE JULHO DE 1965 |url=https://legislacao.presidencia.gov.br/atos/?tipo=DEC&numero=56616&ano=1965&ato=b73MTVq5keZRVT842 |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=legislacao.presidencia.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Port of Spain]].
* Trinidad and Tobago has an embassy in Brasilia.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|United States}}||26 May 1824||See [[Brazil–United States relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 May 1824<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Brazil |url=https://history.state.gov/countries/brazil |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=history.state.gov}}</ref>

Brazil-United States relations has a long history, characterized by some moments of remarkable convergence of interests but also by sporadic and critical divergences on sensitive international issues.<ref>[http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA424216&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf Developing a partnership with Brazil - An emerging power] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090808092927/http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA424216&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf |date=2009-08-08 }} Bassoli, Douglas. [[U.S. Army War College]]. 2004-04-03.</ref> The United States has increasingly regarded Brazil as a significant power, especially in its role as a stabilizing force and skillful interlocutor in Latin America.<ref name="WilsonCenter">[http://www.wilsoncenter.org/news/docs/RL33456.pdf US Congress Report on Brazil-U.S. Relations] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710013700/http://www.wilsoncenter.org/news/docs/RL33456.pdf |date=2009-07-10 }} [[United States Congress]]. Retrieved on 2009-06-23</ref> As a significant political and economic power, Brazil has traditionally preferred to cooperate with the United States on specific issues rather than seeking to develop an all-encompassing, privileged relationship with the United States.<ref name="WilsonCenter"/>
In October 2020, Brazilian president [[Jair Bolsonaro]] said that the Brazil-US relations have elevated to "its best moment ever."<ref>{{cite news |title=Brazil's relations with the US at their best ever, says Jair Bolsonaro |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/brazil-s-relations-with-the-us-at-their-best-ever-says-jair-bolsonaro/story-pSbR0aMDpjrf4aLFYXFWxH.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=19 October 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Washington, D.C.]], and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
* United States has an embassy in Brasília and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Uruguay }}||<!--Date started-->1828||See [[Brazil–Uruguay relations]]

Brazil and Uruguay are neighboring countries that share close historical, cultural and geographical ties. The singularity of the bilateral relationship between the two countries originates from the strong historical connection - marked by important events, such as the establishment of the [[Colonia del Sacramento|Colônia do Sacramento]] in 1680, the annexation by Brazil and the subsequent creation of the [[Cisplatina|Província Cisplatina]] in 1815, and Uruguay's independence from Brazil in 1828.<ref>[http://www.brasil.org.uy/br/home/home/index.php?menu=sub1_3&menu2=sub2_12&t=secciones&secc=245&sub=246 Embaixada do Brasil em Montevideo: Relações Bilaterais] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120731111135/http://www.brasil.org.uy/br/home/home/index.php?menu=sub1_3&menu2=sub2_12&t=secciones&secc=245&sub=246 |date=2012-07-31 }} Embassy of Brazil in Montevideo. Retrieved on 2009-06-23. {{in lang|pt}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Montevideo]] and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
* Uruguay has an embassy in Brasília and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Venezuela}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Venezuela relations]]

During the Brazilian government of President [[Jair Bolsonaro]] since 2019, Brazil has cut  off the relations with the current Venezuelan leftwing and disputed government of president [[Nicolás Maduro]]. Brazil downgraded its diplomatic relations with the ruling Venezuelan government. Brazil has recognised Venezuelan opposition leader [[Juan Guaidó]] as the legitimate President of Venezuela.<ref>{{cite news |title=Brazil recalls diplomats, officials from Venezuela |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/3/6/brazil-recalls-diplomats-officials-from-venezuela |work=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Caracas]] and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
* Venezuela has an embassy in Brasilia and maintains several consulates throughout the country.
|}

===Asia===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal relations began
!Notes
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Armenia}}||17 February 1992||See [[Armenia–Brazil relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 February 1992<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Brazil and Armenia as of 17 Feb. 1992 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1628739?ln=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=digitallibrary.un.org| date=17 February 1992 }}</ref>

* Armenia has an embassy in Brasília.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brazil.mfa.am/en/|title=Embassy of Armenia to Brazil|first=Helix Consulting|last=LLC|website=brazil.mfa.am}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Yerevan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ierevan.itamaraty.gov.br/en-us/|title=HOME PAGE|website=ierevan.itamaraty.gov.br}}</ref> 
* Brazil has [[Recognition of the Armenian Genocide|recognized]] the [[Armenian genocide]] in 2015.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Azerbaijan }}||21 October 1993||See [[Azerbaijan–Brazil relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 October 1993<ref>{{Cite web |title=No:268/18, Foreign Minister of Azerbaijan Elmar Mammadyarov and Foreign Minister of Brazil Aloysio Nunes Ferreira had an exchange of congratulatory letters on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of diplomatic relations between the two countries |url=https://mfa.gov.az/en/news/no26818-foreign-minister-of-azerbaijan-elmar-mammadyarov-and-foreign-minister-of-brazil-aloysio-nunes-ferreira-had-an-exchange-of-congratulatory-letters-on-the-occasion-of-the-25th-anniversary-of-diplomatic-relations-between-the-two-countries |access-date=8 June 2023 |website=mfa.gov.az}}</ref>

*Azerbaijan has an embassy in Brasília.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brasilia.mfa.gov.az/enEmbassy|title=Azərbaycan Respublikasının Braziliya Federativ Respublikasndakı Səfirliyi|last=FS|website=brasilia.mfa.gov.az|access-date=2017-08-03|archive-date=2017-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802084153/http://brasilia.mfa.gov.az/enEmbassy|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*Brazil has an embassy in [[Baku]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://baku.itamaraty.gov.br/pt-br/|title=Apresentação|website=baku.itamaraty.gov.br}}</ref>
|--valign="top"
|{{flag| Bangladesh}}||8 July 1974||See [[Bangladesh-Brazil relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 July 1974<ref name="diariodasleis.com.br">{{Cite web |title=CRIA A EMBAIXADA DO BRASIL NA REPUBLICA POPULAR DE BANGLADESH |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/59239-cria-a-embaixada-do-brasil-na-republica-popular-de-bangladesh.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref> 
Relations have been good. In 2013, Bangladesh has sought Brazil's support for its candidature at the Human Rights Council in 2015 and non-permanent seat of the UN Security Council for 2016–17 term. In 2014, Brazil assured its support to Bangladesh for the posts of United Nations Human Rights Commission and CEDAW (The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women). Bangladesh also supported Brazil's candidature for the post of Director General of World Trade Organization.

* Bangladesh has an embassy in Brasília. 
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Dhaka]].
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|China }}||15 August 1974||See [[Brazil–China relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 August 1974<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brasil e China estabeleceram relações diplomáticas em 15 de agosto de 1974. |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/embaixada-pequim/a-embaixada |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br Embaixada Pequim |language=pt}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Beijing]] and consulates-general in [[Chengdu]], [[Guangzhou]], [[Hong Kong]] and [[Shanghai]].
* China has an embassy in Brasília and consulates-general in Recife, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|East Timor}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–East Timor relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Dili]].
* East Timor has an embassy in Brasilia.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Georgia}}||28 April 1993||See [[Brazil–Georgia relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 April 1993<ref>{{Cite web |title=BRAZIL, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF |url=https://mfa.gov.ge/en/bilateral-relations/br |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF GEORGIA}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Tbilisi]].
* Georgia has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|India }}||6 April 1948||See [[Brazil–India relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 April 1948<ref>{{Cite web |title=República da Índia |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/republica-da-india |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
The two countries share similar perceptions on issues of interest to [[Developing country|developing countries]] and have cooperated in the multilateral level on issues such as reform to the [[United Nations|UN]] and the [[Reform of the United Nations Security Council|UNSC expansion]].<ref>[http://www.indianembassy.org.br/eng/relations/political.htm Indian Embassy in Brazil: Bilateral Relations] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090802045428/http://www.indianembassy.org.br/eng/relations/political.htm |date=August 2, 2009 }} Embassy of India in Brasília. Retrieved on 2009-06-23.</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[New Delhi]] and a consulate-general in [[Mumbai]].
* India has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in São Paulo.
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|{{flag|Indonesia }}||March 1953||See [[Brazil–Indonesia relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations in March 1953<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerja Sama Bilateral: Brasil |url=https://kemlu.go.id/portal/i/page/22/kerja_sama_bilateral |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=KEMENTERIAN LUAR NEGERI REPUBLIK INDONESIA |language=id}}</ref>
Both are large tropical country endowed with rich natural resources, Brazil and Indonesia possess the largest tropical rain forest of the world that contains the world's richest biodiversity, which gave them a vital role in global environment issues, such as ensuring tropical forests protection. Both countries leading the list of Megadiverse countries with Indonesia second only to Brazil.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Jakarta]].
* Indonesia has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|Iran }}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Iran relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Tehran]].
* Iran has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|Iraq }}||1 December 1967||See [[Brazil–Iraq relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 December 1967<ref>{{Cite web |title=República do Iraque |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/republica-do-iraque |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
* Brazil maintains an embassy in [[Baghdad]].
* Iraq maintains an embassy in Brasília. 
Both countries are full members of the [[Group of 77]]. Brazil was the first Latin American country to reopen its embassy in Iraq since the [[1991 Gulf War]].<ref name=BrazilToResumeRelationsWithIraq>{{cite web|url=http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2001-08/a-2001-08-25-7-Brazil.cfm |title=Brazil to Resume Relations with Iraq |access-date=2009-01-24 |publisher=voanews.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826113823/http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2001-08/a-2001-08-25-7-Brazil.cfm |archive-date=2009-08-26 }}</ref>
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|{{flag|Israel }}||<!--Date started-->1949-2-7<ref>[https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Peace/recogIsrael.html Israel International Relations: International Recognition of Israel] Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved on 2013-11-13.</ref>||See [[Brazil–Israel relations]]
Brazil played a large role in the [[establishment of the State of Israel]]. Brazil held the Presidency office of the [[UN General Assembly]] in 1947, which proclaimed the [[United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine|Partition Plan for Palestine]]. The Brazilian delegation to the U.N., supported and heavily lobbied for the partition of Palestine toward the creation of the [[State of Israel]]. Brazil was also one of the first countries to recognize the State of Israel, on 7 February 1949, less than one year after [[Israeli Declaration of Independence]].
Nowadays, Brazil and Israel maintains close political, economic and military ties. Brazil is a full member state of [[Israel Allies Caucus]],<ref>[http://www.israelallies.org/international/member_nations/ ''Member Nations''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104193528/http://www.israelallies.org/international/member_nations/ |date=2014-01-04 }}. Israel Allies Fondation. Retrieved 2013-12-01.</ref> a political advocacy organization that mobilizes pro-Israel parliamentarians in governments worldwide. The two nations enjoy a degree of arms cooperation as Brazil is a key buyer of Israeli weapons and military technology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stopthewall.org/downloads/pdf/STWbrazil2010.pdf|title=Briefing: Brazil's economic and military relationship with Israel|website=stopthewall.org|access-date=2013-12-29|archive-date=2012-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030162111/http://stopthewall.org/downloads/pdf/STWbrazil2010.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Also, Brazil is Israel's largest trading partner in Latin America.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thebrazilbusiness.com/article/commercial-relations-brazil-and-israel|title=Commercial Relations: Brazil and Israel|website=thebrazilbusiness.com|date=21 November 2013 }}</ref> Brazil has the 9th largest [[Jewish population by country|Jewish community in the world]], about 107,329 by 2010, according to the [[IBGE]] census.<ref>[ftp://ftp.ibge.gov.br/Censos/Censo_Demografico_2010/Caracteristicas_Gerais_Religiao_Deficiencia/tab1_4.pdf 2010 Brazilian census] Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Retrieved on 2013-11-13</ref> The Jewish Confederation of Brazil (CONIB) estimates to more than 120,000.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2009/127381.htm| title = U.S. Department of State. ''Brazil'', Retrieved on 2013-12-18}}</ref> Brazil-Israel relations have improved significantly during the presidency of [[Jair Bolsonaro]] since 2019. Brazilian president Bolsonaro has expressed his love for Israel several times.<ref>{{cite news |last1=May 20 |first1=Igor Sabino on |title=The Improving Relations between Brazil and Israel and Its Impact on US Foreign Policy |url=https://providencemag.com/2019/05/improving-relations-brazil-israel-impact-us-foreign-policy/ |work=Providence |date=20 May 2019}}</ref> He has even said to have turned Brazil into Israel's new best friend.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bolsonaro has turned Brazil into Israel's new best friend |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20200615-brazilian-president-bolsonaro-turns-to-israel-in-the-face-of-his-political-opponents/ |work=Middle East Monitor |date=15 June 2020}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Tel Aviv]].
* Israel has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in [[São Paulo]].
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|{{flag|Japan }}||<!--Date started-->1895||See [[Brazil–Japan relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Tokyo]] and consulates-general in [[Hamamatsu]] and [[Nagoya]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://toquio.itamaraty.gov.br/pt-br/|title=Página Inicial|website=toquio.itamaraty.gov.br}}</ref>
* Japan has an embassy in Brasília and consulates-general in [[Belém]], [[Curitiba]], [[Manaus]], [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[São Paulo]] and consular offices in [[Recife]] and [[Porto Alegre]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.br.emb-japan.go.jp/itprtop_pt/index.html|title=Embaixada do Japão no Brasil|website=www.br.emb-japan.go.jp|access-date=2017-08-20|archive-date=2018-04-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430133937/http://www.br.emb-japan.go.jp/itprtop_pt/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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|{{flag|Jordan}}||6 April 1959||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 April 1959 at Legation level<ref>{{Cite web |title=criada uma Legação do Brasil na Jordânia, com sede na capital daquele país. DECRETO No 45.742 DE 6 DE ABRIL DE 1959. |url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/decreto/1950-1969/D45742.htm |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=planalto.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Amman]].
* Jordan has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|Kazakhstan}}||22 September 1993||See [[Brazil–Kazakhstan relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 1993<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilateral relationship |url=https://www.gov.kz/memleket/entities/mfa-brazil/activities/1969?lang=en |access-date=8 June 2023 |website=Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the Federative Republic of Brazil}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Astana]].
* Kazakhstan has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|Kuwait}}||20 January 1968||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 January 1968<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estado do Kuwait |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/estado-do-kuwait |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Kuwait City]].
* Kuwait has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|Lebanon }}||13 November 1945||See [[Brazil–Lebanon relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 November 1945<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Legação nas Repúblicas do Líbano e da Síria. Decreto nº 19.901, de 13 de Novembro de 1945 |url=https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:decreto:1945-11-13;19901 |access-date=12 September 2023 |website=lexml.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Beirut]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://beirute.itamaraty.gov.br/|title=Embassy of Brazil in Lebanon|website=itamaraty.gov.br}}</ref>
* Lebanon has an embassy in Brasília and consulates-general in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brasilia.mfa.gov.lb/brasilia/portuguese/home|title=Embaixada do Líbano no Brasil - Página Inicial|website=www.brasilia.mfa.gov.lb|access-date=2017-09-29|archive-date=2019-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503213702/http://www.brasilia.mfa.gov.lb/brasilia/portuguese/home|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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|{{flag|Malaysia }}||11 August 1959||See [[Brazil–Malaysia relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 August 1959<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cronologia das Relações Internacionais do Brasil |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335893373 |access-date=3 June 2023 |website=researchgate.net |page=98/199 |language=pt}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Kuala Lumpur]].
* Malaysia has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|North Korea }}||<!--Date started-->9 March 2001<ref>{{cite web| url = http://search.naver.com/search.naver?where=nexearch&query=%EB%B6%81%ED%95%9C+%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A7%88+%EC%88%98%EA%B5%90&sm=top_hty&fbm=0&ie=utf8| title = 북한 브라질 수교 : 네이버 통합검색}}</ref>||See [[Brazil–North Korea relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Pyongyang]].
* North Korea has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|Pakistan }}||January 1951||See [[Brazil–Pakistan relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations in January 1951<ref name="Pakistan Quarterly - Volume 6"/>
Brazil-Pakistan relations are characterized as friendly and cooperative. In 2008, Brazil approved the sale of 100 MAR-1 [[anti-radiation missile]]s to Pakistan despite India's pressure on Brazil to avoid doing so.<ref>[http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/Brazil-to-Sell-MAR-1-SEAD-Missiles-to-Pakistan-05182/ Brazil to Sell MAR-1 SEAD Missiles to Pakistan] Defense Industry Daily. Retrieved on 2009-01-05.</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Islamabad]].
* Pakistan has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|Palestine}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Palestine relations]]

* Brazil has a representative office in [[Ramallah]].
* Palestine has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|Philippines }}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Philippines relations]]
In June 2009, Brazil and the Philippines made their pledges as they signed mutual cooperation agreements in the fields of bio-energy and agriculture.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/news_content.php?id=986009&lang=eng_news| title = "Philippines, Brazil unite on energy, agriculture"| access-date = 2009-06-25| archive-date = 2016-09-09| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160909112000/http://www.etaiwannews.com/etn/news_content.php?id=986009&lang=eng_news| url-status = dead}}</ref> The two countries committed themselves to take the necessary steps to implement the signed Memorandum of Understanding on Cooperation in Agriculture and the Memorandum of Understanding on Bioenergy Cooperation.<ref>[http://www.isria.com/pages/25_June_2009_70.htm "PGMA, Brazilian President Lula agree to further strengthen RP-Brazil relations"]{{dead link|date=January 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ISRIA</ref> The Philippines and Brazil signed six memoranda of understanding and agreements on the development and production of renewable energy, and agriculture cooperation.<ref>[http://businessmirror.com.ph/home/top-news/12272-bioenergy-deals-top-6-rp-brazil-agreements.html "Bioenergy deals top 6 RP, Brazil agreements"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627123652/http://businessmirror.com.ph/home/top-news/12272-bioenergy-deals-top-6-rp-brazil-agreements.html |date=June 27, 2009 }}</ref> It intends to "facilitate technical cooperation... on the production and use of biofuels, particularly ethanol, and promote the expansion of bilateral trade and investment in biofuel,"<ref>[http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20090625-212429/RP-Brazil-ink-5-accords "RP, Brazil ink 5 accords "] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090703113413/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20090625-212429/RP-Brazil-ink-5-accords |date=July 3, 2009 }}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Manila]].
* Philippines has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|Qatar}}||20 May 1974||See [[Brazil–Qatar relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 May 1974<ref>{{Cite web |title=Estado do Catar |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/relacoes-bilaterais/todos-os-paises/estado-do-catar |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Doha]].<ref>[https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/embaixada-doha Embassy of Brazil in Doha]</ref>
* Qatar has an embassy in Brasília.<ref>[https://brasilia.embassy.qa/en Embassy of Qatar in Brasília]</ref>
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|{{flag|Singapore}}||2 November 1967||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 November 1967<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic & consular list |url=https://www.mfa.gov.sg/Overseas-Missions/-/media/D74B3129AEFA44BB8FC411746F005489.ashx |access-date=8 June 2023 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore |page=45}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Singapore]].
* Singapore has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|South Korea }}||31 October 1959||See [[Brazil–South Korea relations]] 
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 October 1959<ref name="Overview"/>

* South Korea has an embassy in Brasília.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://bra-brasilia.mofa.go.kr/worldlanguage/america/bra-brasilia/main/index.jsp| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130331130951/http://bra-brasilia.mofa.go.kr/worldlanguage/america/bra-brasilia/main/index.jsp| archive-date = 2013-03-31| title = Embaixada da República da Coreia na República Federativa do Brasil}}</ref>  
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Seoul]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://seul.itamaraty.gov.br/pt-br/|title=Home|website=seul.itamaraty.gov.br}}</ref> 
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|{{flag|Syria}}||13 November 1945||See [[Brazil–Syria relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 November 1945<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria uma Legação nas Repúblicas do Líbano e da Síria. Decreto nº 19.901, de 13 de Novembro de 1945 |url=https://www.lexml.gov.br/urn/urn:lex:br:federal:decreto:1945-11-13;19901 |access-date=12 September 2023 |website=lexml.gov.br |language=pt}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Damascus]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The Embassy |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/embaixada-damasco/the-embassy-1 |website=Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs |access-date=30 October 2024}}</ref>
* Syria has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in São Paulo.<ref>{{cite web |title=São Paulo counselate address |url=http://mofaex.gov.sy/saopaulo-consulate/ar/pages772/عنوان-القنصلية |website=Syrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs |language=Arabic |access-date=30 October 2024}}</ref>
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|{{flag|Taiwan}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Taiwan relations]]

* Brazil has a Commercial Office in [[Taipei]].
* Taiwan has an Economic and Cultural Office in Brasília and in São Paulo.
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|{{flag|Thailand}}||17 April 1959||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 April 1959<ref>{{Cite web |title=สหพันธ์สาธารณรัฐบราซิล (Brazil) |url=https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content/5d5bd21415e39c3060027c8b?cate=5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006875 |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Thailand |language=th}}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Bangkok]].
* Thailand has an embassy in Brasília.
Brazil is the main trading partner of Thailand in Latin America.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5483&Itemid=478&cod_pais=THA&tipo=ficha_pais&lang=pt-BR| title = Página Inicial — Português (Brasil)| access-date = 2019-07-10| archive-date = 2019-07-28| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190728062110/http://www.itamaraty.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5483&Itemid=478&cod_pais=THA&tipo=ficha_pais&lang=pt-BR| url-status = dead}}</ref>
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|{{flag|Turkey }}||<!--Date started-->1927<ref name="mfa.gov.tr">{{Cite web | url=http://www.mfa.gov.tr/relations-between-turkey-and-brazil.en.mfa| title=Relations between Turkey and Brazil}}</ref>||See [[Brazil–Turkey relations]]
*Brazil has an embassy in [[Ankara]], a Consulate General in [[Istanbul]].<ref name="mfa.gov.tr"/>
*Turkey has an [[Embassy of Turkey in Brasília|embassy]] in [[Brasília]] and a Consulate General in [[São Paulo]].<ref name="mfa.gov.tr"/>
*Both countries are members of [[G20]] and [[WTO]].
*There are direct flights from [[Istanbul]] to [[São Paulo]] 7 times per week.<ref name="mfa.gov.tr"/>
*Trade volume between the two countries was US$3.1 billion in 2019 (Brazilian exports/imports: 2.6/0.48 billion USD.<ref name="mfa.gov.tr"/>
|- valign="top"

|{{flag|Vietnam}}||8 May 1989||
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 May 1989<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of countries which maintains diplomatic relations with the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (as April 2010) |url=https://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv/ |access-date=8 June 2023 |website=mofa.gov.vn}}</ref>

The Brazilian Embassy in Hanoi was opened in 1994, being the first Latin American country to open an embassy in Hanoi. Vietnamese Presidents [[Lê Đức Anh]] and [[Trần Đức Lương]] have visited Brazil in October 1995 and November 2004, respectively.<ref>[http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv/america/nr040819113755/ns071219090209 Vietnam-Brazil Relations] Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved on 2009-06-23.</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Hanoi]].
* Vietnam has an embassy in Brasília.
|}

===Europe===
{{See also|Brazil–European Union relations}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal relations began
!Notes
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Albania}}||4 April 1961||See [[Albania–Brazil relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 April 1961<ref name="punetejashtme.gov.al"/>

* Albania has an embassy in Brasília.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Tirana]]. 
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Andorra}}||9 July 1996||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 July 1996<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Brazil and Andorra as of 9 July 1996 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1477463?ln=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=digitallibrary.un.org| date=9 July 1996 }}</ref>
* Andorra does not have an accreditation to Brazil.
* Brazil is accredited to Andorra from its embassy in Madrid, Spain and maintains an honorary consulate in [[Andorra la Vella]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Austria}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Austria–Brazil relations]]

* Austria has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in São Paulo.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Vienna]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Bulgaria}}||<!--Date started-->||

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Sofia]].
* Bulgaria has an embassy in Brasília. 
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Croatia}}||<!--Date started-->23 December 1992||
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Zagreb]].
* Croatia has an embassy in Brasília.
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|{{flag|Czech Republic}}||<!--Date started-->1918||See [[Brazil–Czech Republic relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Prague]].
* Czech Republic has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in São Paulo.
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|{{flag|Denmark }}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Denmark relations]]
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Copenhagen]].
* Denmark has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in São Paulo.
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|{{flag|Estonia }}||16 December 1991||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 December 1991<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Brazil and Estonia as of 16 Dec. 1991 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1628882?ln=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=digitallibrary.un.org| date=16 December 1992 }}</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Tallinn]].
* Estonia is accredited to Brazil from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Tallinn.
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|{{flag|Finland }}||8 April 1929
| See [[Brazil–Finland relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 April 1929<ref>{{Cite web |title=Finlândia e Brasil |url=https://finlandabroad.fi/web/bra/finlandia-e-pais |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=finlandabroad.fi |language=pt}}</ref>
Brazil recognised the independence of Finland on December 26, 1919. 
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Helsinki]].
* Finland has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate in São Paulo.
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|{{flag|France }}||25 October 1825||See [[Brazil–France relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 October 1825 when France recognized independent of Brazil<ref>{{Cite web |title=FRANÇA |url=https://antigo.funag.gov.br/chdd/index.php/historico-de-relacoes-bilaterais-do-brasil?id=223 |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=CENTRO DE HISTÓRIA E DOCUMENTAÇÃO DIPLOMÁTICA |language=pt}}</ref>
France has recognized Brazil as its special partner in South America and as a global player in international affairs. The two countries are committed to strengthening their [[bilateral relations|bilateral cooperation]] in the areas for which working groups have been created: [[nuclear power]], [[renewable energies]], [[defense technology|defence technologies]], [[technological innovation]], joint cooperation in [[Africa|African countries]] and [[space technology|space technologies]], medicines and the environment.<ref name="diplomatie.gouv.fr">{{cite web |url=http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files_156/brazil_444/france-and-brazil_2515/political-relations_2631.html |title=France and Brazil - Political relations |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France |access-date=2008-02-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071018095759/http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files_156/brazil_444/france-and-brazil_2515/political-relations_2631.html |archive-date=2007-10-18 }}</ref>
Recently, France announced its support to the Brazilian bid for a permanent seat on the [[United Nations Security Council]].<ref name="diplomatie.gouv.fr"/>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Paris]] and consulates-general in [[Marseille]] and in [[Cayenne]] and [[Saint-Georges, French Guiana|Saint-Georges]] (both in [[French Guiana]]).
* France has an embassy in Brasília and consulates-general in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo and a consulate in Recife.
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|{{flag|Germany}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Germany relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Berlin]] and consulates-general in [[Frankfurt]] and [[Munich]].
* Germany has an embassy in Brasília and consulates-general in Porto Alegre, Recife, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
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|{{flag|Greece}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Greece relations]]
The countries have enjoyed "Bilateral relations [that] have always been good and are progressing smoothly," according to the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs.<ref name=Greek>[http://www.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/en-US/Policy/Geographic+Regions/Latin+America+-+Caribbean/Bilateral+Relations/Brazil/ Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Brazil] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060713190921/http://www.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/en-US/Policy/Geographic+Regions/Latin+America+-+Caribbean/Bilateral+Relations/Brazil/ |date=2006-07-13 }}. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece. Accessed on 2009-05-04.</ref>
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Athens]].
* Greece has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate general in São Paulo.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Holy See}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Holy See relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy to the Holy See based in Rome.
* Holy See has an [[Apostolic Nunciature to Brazil|Apostolic nunciature in Brasília]].
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Hungary }}||<!--Date started-->1927||See [[Brazil–Hungary relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Budapest]].
* Hungary has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in [[São Paulo]]. 
* The two countries signed the ''Brazil-Hungary Cultural Agreement'' in 1992.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Iceland }}||<!--Date started-->1952||

* Brazil is accredited to Iceland from its embassy in Oslo, Norway and maintains an honorary consulate in [[Reykjavík]].
* Iceland is accredited to Brazil from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Reykjavík and maintains honorary consulates in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Ireland}}||1 September 1975||See [[Brazil–Ireland relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 September 1975<ref name="Relatório"/>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Dublin]].
* Ireland has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in São Paulo.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Italy }}||<!--Date started-->1834||See [[Brazil–Italy relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Rome]], a consulate-general in [[Milan]], and honorary consulates in [[Bari]], [[Catanzaro]], [[Florence]], [[Naples]], [[Palermo]], [[Genoa]], [[Trieste]], [[Turin]] and [[Venice]].<ref>[https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/assuntos/portal-consular/reparticoes-consulares-do-brasil/regiao/italia/italia Resident diplomatic missions of Brazil in Italy]</ref>
* Italy has an embassy in [[Brasília]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ambbrasilia.esteri.it/ambasciata_brasilia/it/ |title=Embassy of Italy in Brasilia |access-date=2022-09-02 |archive-date=2020-12-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204140537/https://ambbrasilia.esteri.it/ambasciata_brasilia/it/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> consulates-general in  [[Curitiba]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.conscuritiba.esteri.it/consolato_curitiba/it/ |title=Consulate-General of Italy in Curitiba |access-date=2022-09-02 |archive-date=2020-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130072239/https://conscuritiba.esteri.it/consolato_curitiba/it/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Porto Alegre]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.consportoalegre.esteri.it/Consolato_PortoAlegre/it/ |title=Consulate-General of Italy in Porto Alegre |access-date=2022-09-02 |archive-date=2020-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201185029/https://consportoalegre.esteri.it/consolato_portoalegre/it/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Rio de Janeiro]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.consriodejaneiro.esteri.it/consolato_riodejaneiro/it/ |title=Consulate-General of Italy in Rio de Janeiro |access-date=2022-09-02 |archive-date=2020-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202210951/https://consriodejaneiro.esteri.it/Consolato_RioDeJaneiro/it |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[São Paulo]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.conssanpaolo.esteri.it/consolato_sanpaolo/it |title=Consulate-General of Italy in São Paulo |access-date=2022-09-02 |archive-date=2020-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201105143/https://conssanpaolo.esteri.it/Consolato_SanPaolo/it/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> and consulates in  [[Belo Horizonte]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Consolato - Belo Horizonte|url=https://consbelohorizonte.esteri.it/Consolato_BeloHorizonte/it/|access-date=10 June 2021|website=consbelohorizonte.esteri.it|language=it-it}}</ref> and in [[Recife]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.consrecife.esteri.it/Consolato_Recife/it/ |title=Consulate of Italy in Recife |access-date=2022-09-02 |archive-date=2020-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202205921/https://consrecife.esteri.it/consolato_recife/it/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Latvia}}||7 November 1991||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 November 1991<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Brazil and Latvia as of 7 Nov. 1991 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1628869?ln=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=digitallibrary.un.org| date=7 November 1992 }}</ref>
* Brazil is accredited to Latvia from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
* Latvia is accredited to Brazil from its embassy in Lisbon, Portugal.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Lithuania }}||5 November 1991||See [[Brazil–Lithuania relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 November 1991<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Lithuania and Brazil as of 5 Nov. 1991 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1628883?ln=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=digitallibrary.un.org| date=5 November 1991 }}</ref>

* Brazil is accredited to Lithuania from its embassy in [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]] and maintains an honorary consulate in [[Vilnius]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://copenhague.itamaraty.gov.br/pt-br/| title = Embassy of Brazil in Denmark}}</ref>
* Lithuania has a consulate-general in São Paulo.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://br.mfa.lt/| title = Consulate-General of Lithuania in São Paulo| access-date = 2021-01-16| archive-date = 2021-01-21| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210121021355/http://br.mfa.lt/| url-status = dead}}</ref> 
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Montenegro}}||||
* Brazil is accredited to Montenegro from its embassy in Belgrade, Serbia.
* Montenegro is accredited to Brazil from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Netherlands}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Netherlands relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[The Hague]] a consulate-general in [[Rotterdam]]<ref>{{cite web| url = http://haia.itamaraty.gov.br/pt-br/| title = Embassy of Brazil in The Hague (in English and Portuguese)}}</ref> and a consulate in [[Curaçao]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=de Haseth |first=Kenneth |date=12 March 2019 |title=DIRECTIE BUITENLANDSE BETREKKINGEN |url=https://www.curacaotouristboard.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Consulairelijst-12-maart-2019.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202233855/https://www.curacaotouristboard.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Consulairelijst-12-maart-2019.pdf |archive-date=2021-12-02 |url-status=live |access-date=14 October 2022 |website=CURAÇAO TOURIST BOARD}}</ref>
* Netherlands has an embassy in Brasilia and two consulates-general in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brasil.nlembaixada.org|title=Embaixada do Reino dos Países Baixos em Brasília, Brasil|access-date=February 20, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220092310/http://brasil.nlembaixada.org/|archive-date=February 20, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Norway}}||11 May 1908||See [[Brazil–Norway relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 May 1908<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 27, 1999 |title=Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater |url=https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/departementene/ud/vedlegg/protokoll/diplomatiske_forbindelser.pdf |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=regjeringen.no |language=no}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Oslo]].
* Norway has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in Rio de Janeiro.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Poland}}||27 May 1920||See [[Brazil–Poland relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 May 1920<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brasil |url=https://www.gov.pl/web/brasil/Brasil |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=gov.pl |language=pt}}</ref>

* Poland has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in [[Curitiba]].
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Warsaw]].
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Portugal}}||29 August 1825||See [[Brazil–Portugal relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 August 1825<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brasil |url=https://portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt/relacoesbilaterais/paises-geral/brasil |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=portaldiplomatico.mne.gov.pt |language=pt}}</ref>

Portugal and Brazil have countless bilateral agreements in areas such as culture, language, R&D, immigration, defence, tourism, economy, environment, among others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.embaixada-portugal-brasil.blogspot.com/|title=Berita Teknologi Handphone dan Komputer Unik|website=www.embaixada-portugal-brasil.blogspot.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www2.mre.gov.br/dai/biport.htm |title=Atos em Vigor Assinados com a República Portuguesa |access-date=2009-08-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090927030421/http://www2.mre.gov.br/dai/biport.htm |archive-date=2009-09-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Portugal and Brazil hold regular Summits to discuss bilateral and multilateral agreements and current topics (last one in Bahia in 2008, before that one in Porto in 2005).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://embaixada-portugal-brasil.blogspot.com//2008/10/cimeira-luso-brasileira-de-salvador-vai.html|title=Berita Teknologi Handphone dan Komputer Unik|website=embaixada-portugal-brasil.blogspot.com}}</ref> One rather controversial topic was the spelling reform that aims at homogenising spelling in lusophone countries. Both countries share a common heritage and are committed in its preservation, be it through bilateral agreements or involving other nations, such as in the framework of [[CPLP]].<ref>Ministério das relações exteriores - CPLP http://www.mre.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1185 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090319234221/http://www.mre.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1185 |date=2009-03-19 }}</ref> Both countries lobby within the UN to upgrade Portuguese to a working language in that Organisation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://24.sapo.pt/404|title=SAPO 24|last=SAPO|website=SAPO 24}}{{Dead link|date=December 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Portugal has also lobbied for Brazil to become a permanent member of the UN Security Council.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.unmultimedia.org/radio/portuguese/detail/151085.html |title=Rádio ONU: Portugal quer Brasil no Conselho de Segurança |access-date=2010-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726020645/http://www.unmultimedia.org/radio/portuguese/detail/151085.html |archive-date=2011-07-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Finally, Portugal hosted the [[1st EU–Brazil summit|1st EU-Brazil summit]], in 2007.

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Lisbon]] and consulates-general in [[Faro, Portugal|Faro]] and [[Porto]].
* Portugal has an embassy in Brasília, consulates-general in [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Salvador (Bahia)|Salvador]], [[São Paulo]] and consulates in [[Belém]], [[Belo Horizonte]], [[Curitiba]], [[Porto Alegre]], [[Recife]] and [[Santos (São Paulo)|Santos]]. 
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Romania}}||<!--Date started-->1928||See [[Brazil–Romania relations]]
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Bucharest]].
* Romania has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in Rio de Janeiro.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Russia }}||<!--Date started-->  October 3, 1828||See [[Brazil–Russia relations]]
Brazil–Russia relations have seen a significant improvement in recent years, characterized by an increasing commercial trade and cooperation in military and technology segments. Today, Brazil shares an important alliance with the Russian Federation, with partnerships in areas such as space and military technologies, and telecommunications.

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Moscow]].
* Russia has an embassy in Brasília and consulates-general in Rio de Janeiro and in São Paulo.
|-
|{{Flag|San Marino}}
|1 April 2002
|Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 April 2002<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ratifica dello Scambio di Note sullo stabilimento delle relazioni diplomatiche a livello di Ambasciatori tra la Repubblica di San Marino e la Repubblica Federativa del Brasile |url=https://www.consigliograndeegenerale.sm/on-line/home/archivio-leggi-decreti-e-regolamenti/documento17022922.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=consigliograndeegenerale.sm |language=it}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Serbia}}||15 June 1938||See [[Brazil–Serbia relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 June 1938<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brazil |url=https://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/foreign-policy/bilateral-cooperation/brazil |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=Republic of Serbia Ministry of Foreign Affairs}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Belgrade]].
* Serbia has an embassy in Brasília.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Spain }}||<!--Date started-->1834||See [[Brazil–Spain relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Madrid]] and a consulate-general in [[Barcelona]].
* Spain has an embassy in Brasília and consulates-general in Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, Salvador and in São Paulo.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Sweden}}||<!--Date started-->1826||See [[Brazil–Sweden relations]]

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Stockholm]].
* Sweden has an embassy in Brasília.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Switzerland}}||<!--Date started-->||

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Bern]] and consulates-general in [[Geneva]] and [[Zürich]].
* Switzerland has an embassy in Brasília.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Ukraine}}||11 February 1992||See [[Brazil–Ukraine relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 February 1992<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Brazil and Ukraine as of 11 Feb. 1992 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1628736?ln=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=digitallibrary.un.org| date=11 February 1992 }}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Kyiv]].
* Ukraine has an embassy in Brasilia, a consulate-general in Rio de Janeiro and a consulate in Curitiba.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}||18 October 1825||See [[Brazil–United Kingdom relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 October 1825 when United Kingdom recognized independent of Brazil<ref>{{Cite web |title=GRÃ-BRETANHA |url=https://antigo.funag.gov.br/chdd/index.php/historico-de-relacoes-bilaterais-do-brasil?id=244 |access-date=5 June 2023 |website=CENTRO DE HISTÓRIA E DOCUMENTAÇÃO DIPLOMÁTICA |language=pt}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The source does not state when Brazil and the United Kingdom established diplomatic relations. It simply states when the UK recognised Brazil's independence.|date=October 2024}}
*Brazil maintains an [[Embassy of Brazil, London|embassy]] in London,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/embaixada-londres/the-embassy|title=The Embassy|website=[[Government of Brazil|GOV.BR]]|language=Portuguese|access-date=31 March 2024|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117040755/https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/embaixada-londres/the-embassy|archive-date=17 January 2024}}</ref> and a Consulate-General in Edinburgh.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.br/mre/pt-br/consulado-edimburgo|title=Consulado-Geral do Brasil em Edimburgo|website=Ministério das Relações Exteriores|language=pt|access-date=21 October 2024}}</ref>
*The United Kingdom is accredited to Brazil through its embassy in [[Brasília]], and consulates in [[Belo Horizonte]], [[Recife]], [[Rio de Janeiro]], and [[São Paulo]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-brazil|title=British Embassy Brasilia|website=GOV.UK|access-date=31 March 2024|archive-date=31 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331100008/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-brazil|url-status=live}}</ref>

Both countries share common membership of the Atlantic co-operation pact,<ref name="pac"/> the [[G20]], the [[International Criminal Court]], and the [[World Trade Organization]].
|}

===Oceania===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal relations began
!Notes
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Australia }}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Australia–Brazil relations]]

* Australia has an embassy in [[Brasília]] and a consulate-general in São Paulo.
* Brazil has an embassy in [[Canberra]] and a consulate-general in [[Sydney]]. 
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|Fiji}}||16 February 2006||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 February 2006<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Brazil and Fiji as of 16 Feb. 2006 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3844958?ln=en |access-date=21 May 2023 |website=digitallibrary.un.org| date=16 February 2006 }}</ref>
* Brazil is accredited to Fiji from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.
* Fiji does not have an accreditation to Brazil.
|--valign="top"
|{{flag|New Zealand }}||4 March 1964||See [[Brazil–New Zealand relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 March 1964<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cria a Embaixada do Brasil na Nova Zelândia. Decreto nº 53.661, de 4 de março de 1964. |url=https://www.diariodasleis.com.br/legislacao/federal/74968-cria-a-embaixada-do-brasil-na-nova-zelundia.html |access-date=4 June 2023 |website=PORTAL DE LEGISLAÇÃO |language=pt}}</ref>

* Brazil has an embassy in [[Wellington]].
* New Zealand has an embassy in Brasilia and a consulate-general in São Paulo.
|}

==See also==
* [[Brazil – European Union relations|Brazil and the European Union]]
* [[Brazil–Nicaragua relations]]
* [[Brazil and the United Nations]]
* [[Brazil and weapons of mass destruction]]
* [[Brazilian Antarctica]]
* [[List of diplomatic missions in Brazil]]
* [[List of diplomatic missions of Brazil]]
* [[Mercosul]]
* [[Ministry of Foreign Relations of Brazil]]
* [[Union of South American Nations]]
* [[Visa requirements for Brazilian citizens]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Bibliography ==
{{Further|Brazil–United States relations#Further reading}}
* {{cite conference |last1=Abellán |first1=Javier |first2=José Antonio |last2=Alonso |title=The role of Brazil as a new donor of development aid in Africa |url=https://www.academia.edu/32887067 |conference=Africa, New Powers, Old Powers - University of Bologna, 4–5 May 2017 |date=2017}} 
* Almeida, Paulo Roberto de. "Never before seen in Brazil: Luis Inácio Lula da Silva's grand diplomacy." ''Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional'' 53 (2010): 160–177. [https://www.scielo.br/j/rbpi/a/Yx9yPJfnP4Zg7bLNDC99D8B/?format=pdf&lang=en online]
* Buarque, Daniel. "Brazil is not (perceived as) a serious country: exposing gaps between the external images and the international ambitions of the nation." ''Brasiliana: Journal for Brazilian Studies'' 8.1-2 (2019): 285-314 [https://tidsskrift.dk/bras/article/download/112957/165990 online].
* Burges, Sean W. ''Brazil in the world: The international relations of a South American giant'' (2016) [https://www.amazon.com/Brazil-World-International-Relations-American/dp/1526107406/ excerpt]; wide-ranging survey.
* Burges, Sean W. ''Brazilian Foreign Policy after the Cold War'' (UP of Florida, 2009)
* Burges, Sean W., and Fabrício H. Chagas Bastos. "The importance of presidential leadership for Brazilian foreign policy." ''Policy Studies'' 38.3 (2017): 277–290. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01442872.2017.1290228 online]
* Burges, Sean W. "Without Sticks or Carrots: Brazilian Leadership in South America during the Cardoso Era, 1992–2003." ''Bulletin of Latin American Research'' 25#1 (2006): 23–42.
* Burges, Sean W. Consensual Hegemony: Theorizing Brazilian Foreign Policy after the  Cold War." ''International Relations'' (2008) 22 (1): 65–84.
* Brazilian foreign policy under Jair Bolsonaro: far-right populism and the rejection of the liberal international order.
Academic Journal
* Casarões, Guilherme et al. "Brazilian foreign policy under Jair Bolsonaro: far-right populism and the rejection of the liberal international order." ''Cambridge Review of International Affairs'' vol 34 (September 2021), p1-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2021.1981248
* Chagas-Bastos, Fabrício H., and Marcela Franzoni. "The dumb giant: Brazilian foreign policy under Jair Bolsonaro." ''E-international Relations'' 16 (2019). [https://www.e-ir.info/2019/10/16/the-dumb-giant-brazilian-foreign-policy-under-jair-bolsonaro/ online]
* Dehshiri, Mohammad Reza, and Mohammad Hossein Neshastesazan. "Human Rights Diplomacy: Case Study of Brazil." ''World Sociopolitical Studies'' 2.1 (2018): 87–125. [https://wsps.ut.ac.ir/article_65220_c551517c341a4e51bba1e5878a875ff8.pdf online]
* De Sá Guimarães, Feliciano, and Irma Dutra De Oliveira E Silva. "Far-right populism and foreign policy identity: Jair Bolsonaro's ultra-conservatism and the new politics of alignment." ''International Affairs'' 97.2 (2021): 345–363. [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Feliciano-Guimaraes-2/publication/349975845_Far-right_populism_and_foreign_policy_identity_Jair_Bolsonaro's_ultra-conservatism_and_the_new_politics_of_alignment/links/606cb0fca6fdccf289fd4420/Far-right-populism-and-foreign-policy-identity-Jair-Bolsonaros-ultra-conservatism-and-the-new-politics-of-alignment.pdf online]
* Gardini, G., and M. Tavares de Almeida. ''Foreign Policy Responses to the Rise of Brazil: Balancing Power in Emerging States'' (Palgrave, 2017). How other states responded. [https://www.amazon.com/Foreign-Policy-Responses-Rise-Brazil-ebook/dp/B072LP5SKV/ excerpt]
* Long, Tom. "The US, Brazil and Latin America: the dynamics of asymmetrical regionalism." ''Contemporary Politics'' 24.1 (2018): 113–129. [http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/95166/13/WRAP-US-Brazil-Latin%20America-dynamics-asymmetrical-regionalism-Long-2017.pdf online]
* Lopes, Dawisson Belém. "De-westernization, democratization, disconnection: the emergence of Brazil's post-diplomatic foreign policy." ''Global Affairs'' 6.2 (2020): 167–184. [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23340460.2020.1769494 online]
* Magalhães, Diego Trindade D'Ávila, and Laís Forti Thomaz. "The Conspiracy-Myth Diplomacy: anti-globalism vs pragmatism in Bolsonaro's foreign policy for South American integration." ''OIKOS'' 20.3 (2022). [http://www.revistaoikos.org/seer/index.php/oikos/article/viewPDFInterstitial/765/375 online]{{Dead link|date=April 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* Mares, David R., and Harold A. Trinkunas, eds. ''Aspirational power: Brazil on the long road to global influence'' (Brookings Institution Press, 2016).
* Pitts, Bryan. "The Empire Strikes Back: US-Brazil Relations from Obama to Trump" in ''The Future of US Empire in the Americas'' (Routledge, 2020) pp.&nbsp;165–187.
* Rossone de Paula, Francine. ''The Emergence of Brazil to the Global Stage: Ascending and Falling in the International Order of Competition'' (2018) [https://www.routledge.com/The-Emergence-of-Brazil-to-the-Global-Stage-Ascending-and-Falling-in-the/Rossone-de-Paula/p/book/9781032339221 preview]; also [https://academic.oup.com/ia/article-abstract/95/1/252/5273562 online review]
* Rossone de Paula, Francine. "Brazil's non-indifference: a case for a feminist diplomatic agenda or geopolitics as usual?." ''International Feminist Journal of Politics'' 21.1 (2019): 47–66.
* Saraiva, Miriam Gomes. "The democratic regime and the changes in Brazilian foreign policy towards South America." ''Brazilian Political Science Review'' 14 (2020). [https://www.scielo.br/j/bpsr/a/zpYBnG5gF4mzCLXKd35XVSQ/?lang=en online]
*  Smith, Joseph. ''Brazil and the United States: Convergence and Divergence'' (U of Georgia Press; 2010), 256 pages
* Visentini, Paulo. "The Brazil of Lula: a global and affirmative diplomacy (2003-2010)" ''Austral: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations'' 1.1 (2012): 23–35. [https://www.seer.ufrgs.br/austral/article/download/27990/18007 online]{{Dead link|date=July 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* Vigevani, Tullo, and Gabriel Cepaluni, eds. ''Brazilian Foreign Policy in Changing Times: The Quest for Autonomy from Sarney to Lula'' (Lexington Books, 2009).
* Weiffen, Brigitte. "Foreign Policy and International Relations: Taking Stock after Two Years of the Bolsonaro Administration." in ''Brazil under Bolsonaro. How endangered is democracy?'' (2022): 55–66. [https://publications.iai.spk-berlin.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/iai_derivate_00000131/IO_14_Weiffen%20Brazil%20Foreign%20policy%20and%20international%20relations_Web.pdf online]

===Historical===
* Bethell, Leslie. ''The Abolition of the Brazilian Slave Trade: Britain, Brazil and the Slave Trade Question'' (2009) [https://www.amazon.com/Abolition-Brazilian-Slave-Trade-Cambridge/dp/0521101131/ excerpt]
* Fritsch, Winston. ''External Restraints on Economic Policy in Brazil, 1889-1930'' (1988), emphasis on role of Great Britain.
* Garcia, Eugenio V. "Antirevolutionary diplomacy in oligarchic Brazil, 1919–30." ''Journal of Latin American Studies'' 36.4 (2004): 771–796. [https://www.academia.edu/download/33040293/JLAS_Published_Article.pdf online]{{dead link|date=May 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
* Graham, Richard. ''Britain and the Onset of Modernization in Brazil 1850–1914'' (1972) [https://www.amazon.com/Britain-Modernization-1850-1914-Cambridge-American/dp/0521096812/ excerpt]
* Harmer, Tanya. "Brazil's Cold War in the Southern Cone, 1970–1975' ''Cold War History'' (2012) 12#4 pp 659-681.
* Hilton, Stanley E. "The Argentine factor in twentieth-century Brazilian foreign policy strategy." ''Political Science Quarterly'' 100.1 (1985): 27–51. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2150859 online]
* Mota, Isadora Moura. "On the Verge of War: Black Insurgency, the 'Christie Affair', and British Antislavery in Brazil." ''Slavery & Abolition'' 43.1 (2022): 120–139. London threatened war in 1862–1863 in the "Christie Affair."
* Rivere, Peter. ''Absent Minded Imperialism: Britain and the Expansion of Empire in 19th-Century Brazil'' (1995)
* Rodrigues, Jose Honorio. "The Foundations of Brazil's Foreign Policy." ''International Affairs'' 38.3 (1962): 324–338; covers 1822 to 1889. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2609443 online]
* Roett, Riordan. "Brazil ascendant: international relations and geopolitics in the late 20th century." ''Journal of international affairs'' (1975): 139–154. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/24356679 online]
* Skidmore, Thomas E. "The Historiography of Brazil, 1889-1964," ''Hispanic American Historical Review'' (1976) 56#1 pp 81–109; emphasis is on economics and foreign policy. DOI: 10.2307/2513726
* Smith, Joseph. ''Unequal Giants: Diplomatic Relations between the United States & Brazil, 1889-1930'' 1991).
* Topik, Steven C. ''Trade & Gunboats: The United States & Brazil in the Age of Empire'' (1997), covers 1870 to 1899.

==External links==
* [http://www.migalhas.com.br/arquivos/2015/6/art20150601-02.pdf The Sino-Brazilian Principles in a Latin American and BRICS Context: The Case for Comparative Public Budgeting Legal Research] ''[[Wisconsin International Law Journal]]'', 13 May 2015
* [http://www.mre.gov.br/ Ministério das Relações Exteriores] - Official website of the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Relations {{in lang|pt}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080610233349/http://www.mre.gov.br/english/ Ministério das Relações Exteriores] - Official website of the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Relations
* [http://www.un.int/brazil/ Brazilian Mission to the United Nations] - Official website {{in lang|en|pt}}
* [http://www.abc.gov.br/ Agência Brasileira de Cooperação] - Official website of the Brazilian Agency of Cooperation {{in lang|pt}}
* [http://www.ibsanews.com IBSA News and Media] - IBSA Dialogue Forum | India, Brazil and South Africa | News, Opinion and Analysis

{{Brazil topics}}
{{Foreign relations of Brazil}}
{{Foreign relations in South America}}

[[Category:Foreign relations of Brazil| ]]