Jump to content

German cruiser Lützow (1939): Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Unlinking full-dates. Details here. Codes: BRreg(×2)
Jo0doe (talk | contribs)
3,487 edits
No edit summary
(4 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
[[File:Lutzow1940.jpg|300px|thumb|''Lützow'', 1940]]
[[File:Lutzow1940.jpg|300px|thumb|''Lützow'', 1940]]
The '''''Lützow''''' was the fifth German [[Admiral Hipper class cruiser|Admiral Hipper class]] heavy cruiser.<ref name="philbin119"/> She was of the third group of this class and was named after Prussian general [[Ludwig Adolf Wilhelm von Lützow]] who fought in the [[Napoleonic Wars]].<ref name="philbin119"/>
The '''''Lützow''''' was the fifth German [[Admiral Hipper class cruiser|Admiral Hipper class]] heavy cruiser.<ref name="philbin119"/> She was of the third group of this class and was named after Prussian general [[Ludwig Adolf Wilhelm von Lützow]] who fought in the [[Napoleonic Wars]].<ref name="philbin119"/> 11 February 1940 for specially discounted price 104 millions of reichsmarks she was sold incomplete to the [[Soviet Union]] were she renamed as ''[[Petropavlovsk]]''.
The name ''Lützow'' was subsequently reused to rename the {{ship|German pocket battleship|Deutschland||2|up=on}}. From 7 till 17 September she was used her 4 203 mm German guns against advanced German units from the position at Leningrad Trade Port. After receiveing more then 50 direct hits she was lay aground upright. From September 1942 she was under repair and saw action again in 1944- only three guns were operated , and was used to shell German positions by 1036 main guns charge during the 1944 Leningrad breakout.


1 September 1944 she was renamed to ''Tallinn'' Plans to complete her as a cruiser were abandoned for economic reasons (cost of repairing her were estimated at par with construction of a brand-new [[Kronshtadt class battlecruiser]]), and she was used as a static training ship until 1950. March 11 1953 she was renamed the ''Dniepr'' and December 1956 as PKZ-112.
She was decommissioned April 3 1958 and during 1959-1960 scrapped.

==History==
''Lützow'' was laid down at [[DeSchiMAG]] in [[Bremen (city)|Bremen]]<ref name="philbin119">Philbin III, Tobias R., ''The Lure of Neptune: German-Soviet Naval Collaboration and Ambitions, 1919 - 1941'', University of South Carolina Press, 1994, ISBN 0872499928, page 119</ref> on 8 February 1937 and launched 7 January 1939. Although the Lützow was designed in the mid-1930s, her dimensions, displacement and armament exceeded the restriction of the [[Treaty of Versailles]] because Germany anticipated a revision of that treaty.<ref name="philbin119"/>
''Lützow'' was laid down at [[DeSchiMAG]] in [[Bremen (city)|Bremen]]<ref name="philbin119">Philbin III, Tobias R., ''The Lure of Neptune: German-Soviet Naval Collaboration and Ambitions, 1919 - 1941'', University of South Carolina Press, 1994, ISBN 0872499928, page 119</ref> on 8 February 1937 and launched 7 January 1939. Although the Lützow was designed in the mid-1930s, her dimensions, displacement and armament exceeded the restriction of the [[Treaty of Versailles]] because Germany anticipated a revision of that treaty.<ref name="philbin119"/>


As a part of the 1939 [[Nazi-Soviet Pact]], ''Lützow'' was sold incomplete to the [[Soviet Union]] in 1939.<ref name="philbin119"/> Stalin believed the Lützow to be important because of its new 203-mm naval guns, along with their performance characteristics.<ref name="philbin120">Philbin III, Tobias R., ''The Lure of Neptune: German-Soviet Naval Collaboration and Ambitions, 1919 - 1941'', University of South Carolina Press, 1994, ISBN 0872499928, page 120</ref> The incomplete Lützow was towed to Leningrad in mid-1940 in a less complete state than the Soviets had anticipated.<ref name="philbin122">Philbin III, Tobias R., ''The Lure of Neptune: German-Soviet Naval Collaboration and Ambitions, 1919 - 1941'', University of South Carolina Press, 1994, ISBN 0872499928, page 122</ref> On September 25, 1940, the Soviets renamed her the ''Petropavlovsk''.<ref name="philbin122"/>
As a part of the 1940 [[German–Soviet Commercial Agreement (1940)]], ''Lützow'' was sold incomplete to the [[Soviet Union]] in 11 February 1940 for specially discounted price 104 millions of reichsmarks.<ref>Schwendemann H. Die wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit zwischen dem Deutschen Reich und der Sowjetunion von 1938 bis 1941. Berlin, 1993 </ref> <ref> Документы внешней политики 1940-22 июня 1941 М «Международные отношения» 1995 ISBN 5-7133-0753-0 (Т. 1) </ref> Stalin specially noted that the no more them 203-mm naval guns needed with that vessels , othervice he indicate that such vessel no needed.<ref> Документы внешней политики 1940-22 июня 1941 М «Международные отношения» 1995 ISBN 5-7133-0753-0 (Т. 1) </ref> The incomplete Lützow with only two turrets (one without guns with was towed to Leningrad by May 31 1940 - rest three turrets Germans obliged to delivery by August 1941, while whole completion was expected at spring 1942. <ref> Документы внешней политики 1940-22 июня 1941 М «Международные отношения» 1995 ISBN 5-7133-0753-0 (Т. 1) </ref> On September 25, 1940, she renamed as ''[[Petropavlovsk]]''. <ref> http://www.kriegsmarine.ru/lutzov_tallin.php </ref>

==In Service==


She was incomplete when Germany invaded the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, though four of her prized 20.3 cm guns had been installed.<ref name="philbin127">Philbin III, Tobias R., ''The Lure of Neptune: German-Soviet Naval Collaboration and Ambitions, 1919 - 1941'', University of South Carolina Press, 1994, ISBN 0872499928, page 127-8</ref> The Soviets used her as a floating gun battery for seven days against German invaders.<ref name="philbin127"/> According to German accounts, she was sunk upright in shallow waters in [[Kronstadt Bay]] in September 1941, and later bombed and damaged again in April 1942.<ref name="philbin127"/>
She was incomplete - (70 percent of completion, 1st and 4th turrets ready) when Germany invaded the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, though four of her prized 20.3 cm guns had been installed.<ref name="philbin127">Philbin III, Tobias R., ''The Lure of Neptune: German-Soviet Naval Collaboration and Ambitions, 1919 - 1941'', University of South Carolina Press, 1994, ISBN 0872499928, page 127-8</ref> <ref> http://warships.ru/TEXT/WW2-Leningrad/16.html </ref> Another four guns were delivered but not installed in time due the sabotage of german personnel. <ref> http://warships.ru/TEXT/WW2-Leningrad/16.html </ref> Nevertheless August 15 1941 she entered service of the Soviet Naval fleet. She was used her 4 203 mm German guns against advanced German units from September 7 1941 from the position at Leningrad Trade Port <ref> http://wunderwaffe.narod.ru/WeaponBook/Hipper/11.htm </ref> September 17 1941, german 210-mm charge heat the sole complete power section of ship. Later Germans scored more then 50 hits and she was lay aground upright. In April 1942 she was bombed and damaged again .<ref name="philbin127"/>


The Soviets raised the ship by September 17, 1942 and renamed her ''Tallinn''.<ref name="philbin127"/> She saw action again in December 1942, and was used to shell German positions during the 1944 Leningrad breakout.<ref name="philbin127"/> Plans to complete her as a cruiser were abandoned for economic reasons (cost of repairing her were estimated at par with construction of a brand-new [[Kronshtadt class battlecruiser]]), and she was used as a static training ship until 1950. She was later renamed the ''Dniepr'' and then scrapped in 1953 at the Lieutenant Schmidt Bridge in Leningrad.<ref name="philbin127"/>
All that time crew fixed damages and ship was docked at night September 16/ 17, 1942 . She was under repair and saw action again in 1944- only three guns were operated , and was used to shell German positions during the 1944 Leningrad breakout.<ref name="philbin127"/> 1 September 1944 she was renamed to ''Tallinn'' Plans to complete her as a cruiser were abandoned for economic reasons (cost of repairing her were estimated at par with construction of a brand-new [[Kronshtadt class battlecruiser]]), and she was used as a static training ship until 1950. March 11 1953 she was renamed the ''Dniepr'' and December 1956 as PKZ-112. She was decommissioned April 3 1958 and during 1959-1960 scrapped.


The name ''Lützow'' was subsequently reused to rename the {{ship|German pocket battleship|Deutschland||2|up=on}}.


== See also ==
== See also ==

Revision as of 08:58, 12 January 2010

Lützow, 1940

The Lützow was the fifth German Admiral Hipper class heavy cruiser.[1] She was of the third group of this class and was named after Prussian general Ludwig Adolf Wilhelm von Lützow who fought in the Napoleonic Wars.[1] 11 February 1940 for specially discounted price 104 millions of reichsmarks she was sold incomplete to the Soviet Union were she renamed as Petropavlovsk. The name Lützow was subsequently reused to rename the Deutschland. From 7 till 17 September she was used her 4 203 mm German guns against advanced German units from the position at Leningrad Trade Port. After receiveing more then 50 direct hits she was lay aground upright. From September 1942 she was under repair and saw action again in 1944- only three guns were operated , and was used to shell German positions by 1036 main guns charge during the 1944 Leningrad breakout.

1 September 1944 she was renamed to Tallinn Plans to complete her as a cruiser were abandoned for economic reasons (cost of repairing her were estimated at par with construction of a brand-new Kronshtadt class battlecruiser), and she was used as a static training ship until 1950. March 11 1953 she was renamed the Dniepr and December 1956 as PKZ-112. She was decommissioned April 3 1958 and during 1959-1960 scrapped.

History

Lützow was laid down at DeSchiMAG in Bremen[1] on 8 February 1937 and launched 7 January 1939. Although the Lützow was designed in the mid-1930s, her dimensions, displacement and armament exceeded the restriction of the Treaty of Versailles because Germany anticipated a revision of that treaty.[1]

As a part of the 1940 German–Soviet Commercial Agreement (1940), Lützow was sold incomplete to the Soviet Union in 11 February 1940 for specially discounted price 104 millions of reichsmarks.[2] [3] Stalin specially noted that the no more them 203-mm naval guns needed with that vessels , othervice he indicate that such vessel no needed.[4] The incomplete Lützow with only two turrets (one without guns with was towed to Leningrad by May 31 1940 - rest three turrets Germans obliged to delivery by August 1941, while whole completion was expected at spring 1942. [5] On September 25, 1940, she renamed as Petropavlovsk. [6]

In Service

She was incomplete - (70 percent of completion, 1st and 4th turrets ready) when Germany invaded the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, though four of her prized 20.3 cm guns had been installed.[7] [8] Another four guns were delivered but not installed in time due the sabotage of german personnel. [9] Nevertheless August 15 1941 she entered service of the Soviet Naval fleet. She was used her 4 203 mm German guns against advanced German units from September 7 1941 from the position at Leningrad Trade Port [10] September 17 1941, german 210-mm charge heat the sole complete power section of ship. Later Germans scored more then 50 hits and she was lay aground upright. In April 1942 she was bombed and damaged again .[7]

All that time crew fixed damages and ship was docked at night September 16/ 17, 1942 . She was under repair and saw action again in 1944- only three guns were operated , and was used to shell German positions during the 1944 Leningrad breakout.[7] 1 September 1944 she was renamed to Tallinn Plans to complete her as a cruiser were abandoned for economic reasons (cost of repairing her were estimated at par with construction of a brand-new Kronshtadt class battlecruiser), and she was used as a static training ship until 1950. March 11 1953 she was renamed the Dniepr and December 1956 as PKZ-112. She was decommissioned April 3 1958 and during 1959-1960 scrapped.


See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Philbin III, Tobias R., The Lure of Neptune: German-Soviet Naval Collaboration and Ambitions, 1919 - 1941, University of South Carolina Press, 1994, ISBN 0872499928, page 119
  2. ^ Schwendemann H. Die wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit zwischen dem Deutschen Reich und der Sowjetunion von 1938 bis 1941. Berlin, 1993
  3. ^ Документы внешней политики 1940-22 июня 1941 М «Международные отношения» 1995 ISBN 5-7133-0753-0 (Т. 1)
  4. ^ Документы внешней политики 1940-22 июня 1941 М «Международные отношения» 1995 ISBN 5-7133-0753-0 (Т. 1)
  5. ^ Документы внешней политики 1940-22 июня 1941 М «Международные отношения» 1995 ISBN 5-7133-0753-0 (Т. 1)
  6. ^ http://www.kriegsmarine.ru/lutzov_tallin.php
  7. ^ a b c Philbin III, Tobias R., The Lure of Neptune: German-Soviet Naval Collaboration and Ambitions, 1919 - 1941, University of South Carolina Press, 1994, ISBN 0872499928, page 127-8
  8. ^ http://warships.ru/TEXT/WW2-Leningrad/16.html
  9. ^ http://warships.ru/TEXT/WW2-Leningrad/16.html
  10. ^ http://wunderwaffe.narod.ru/WeaponBook/Hipper/11.htm
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_cruiser_Lützow_(1939)&oldid=337354214"