Hebe de Bonafini: Difference between revisions
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Cambalachero (talk | contribs) Bonafini's support to terrorism is well known, and it is properly referenced |
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Following the return to civilian rule in 1983, divisions began to develop in the organization relating to what they believed to be President [[Raúl Alfonsín]]'s overly cautious progress in prosecuting Dirty War perpetrators. Alfonsín established the historic 1985 [[Trial of the Juntas]]; but the decision to limit the proceedings to nine leading [[military junta]] members, as well as the acquittals handed to five of these, further antagonized Bonafini, who believed the president would forego further prosecutions for political considerations. The Mothers Association split in 1986, establishing two groups of around 2,000 members each: Bonafini's Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo Association, and the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo — Founding Line. Bonafini has generally been identified with the more radical faction, choosing to justify the methods undertaken by dissident people during the last dictatorship.<ref name=ut/> |
Following the return to civilian rule in 1983, divisions began to develop in the organization relating to what they believed to be President [[Raúl Alfonsín]]'s overly cautious progress in prosecuting Dirty War perpetrators. Alfonsín established the historic 1985 [[Trial of the Juntas]]; but the decision to limit the proceedings to nine leading [[military junta]] members, as well as the acquittals handed to five of these, further antagonized Bonafini, who believed the president would forego further prosecutions for political considerations. The Mothers Association split in 1986, establishing two groups of around 2,000 members each: Bonafini's Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo Association, and the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo — Founding Line. Bonafini has generally been identified with the more radical faction, choosing to justify the methods undertaken by dissident people during the last dictatorship.<ref name=ut/> |
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On the wake of the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]], Bonafini generated international controversy when she defended the actions of the terrorist airline hijackers saying "I felt that there were many people in that moment who were happy and felt that the blood of so many in that moment were avenged... because the NATO bombings, the blockades and the millions of children who die of hunger in this world, that was due to this power that those men attacked, with their own bodies. And everyone knew it." |
On the wake of the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]], Bonafini generated international controversy when she defended the actions of the terrorist airline hijackers saying "I felt that there were many people in that moment who were happy and felt that the blood of so many in that moment were avenged... because the NATO bombings, the blockades and the millions of children who die of hunger in this world, that was due to this power that those men attacked, with their own bodies. And everyone knew it." Bonafini stands behind her support to terrorist organizations such as [[FARC]]<ref>[http://www.infobae.com/politica/357526-100799-0-Hebe-Bonafini-respald%F3-guerrilleros-las-FARC Hebe de Bonafini respaldó a guerrilleros de las FARC] Infobae, 2008 {{es}}.</ref> and [[ETA]].<ref>[http://www.elmundo.es/2000/10/28/espana/28N0041.html LA VIOLENCIA TERRORISTA / LA POLEMICA: El Gobierno estudia si Bonafini hace apología del terrorismo. Las fundadoras del movimiento descalifican el apoyo de la presidenta de las Madres de Mayo al entorno etarra] El Mundo, 2000 {{es}}.</ref> |
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In 2005 she generated more controversy by saying that, as [[Pope John Paul II]] "committed many sins, he [was] going to go to hell." She added that she "didn't say more than what the [[Roman Catholic Church]] taught me."<ref>[[Clarín (newspaper)|Clarín]], 13 April 2005. ''[http://www.clarin.com/diario/2005/04/13/elpais/p-01001.htm "Bonafini cargó duro contra las Abuelas, Juan Pablo II y Blumberg"]''.</ref> |
In 2005 she generated more controversy by saying that, as [[Pope John Paul II]] "committed many sins, he [was] going to go to hell." She added that she "didn't say more than what the [[Roman Catholic Church]] taught me."<ref>[[Clarín (newspaper)|Clarín]], 13 April 2005. ''[http://www.clarin.com/diario/2005/04/13/elpais/p-01001.htm "Bonafini cargó duro contra las Abuelas, Juan Pablo II y Blumberg"]''.</ref> |
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Bonafini announced on January 2006 that her organization would discontinue its annual March of Resistance out of recognition for President [[Néstor Kirchner]]'s success in having the [[Full Stop Law]] and [[Law of Due Obedience]] (two Alfonsín-era measures which had effectively ended most Dirty War prosecutions) declared unconstitutional.<ref>[http://edant.clarin.com/diario/2006/01/14/elpais/p-02001.htm ''Clarín'': Bonafini anunció que las Madres harán la última Marcha de la Resistencia {{es}}]</ref> The Association of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo, led by Bonafini, has benefited from increased government funding during the Kirchner administrations, and has extended its influence through a newspaper (''La Voz de las Madres''), a radio station, and a university ([[w:es:Universidad Popular de Madres de Plaza de Mayo|Popular University of the Mothers of Plaza de Mayo]]).<ref name="Urgente24 2009">Urgente24, 04 April 2009.''Hebe de Bonafini S.A.: Cuando el dolor sirve para ganar dinero y poder''.</ref> The association also manages a federally-funded housing program, which by 2008 oversaw construction on over 2,600 housing units earmarked for [[villa miseria|slum]] residents.<ref>[http://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/sociedad/3-105631-2008-06-08.html ''Página/12'': Las Madres y su construcción de sueños {{es}}]</ref> |
Bonafini announced on January 2006 that her organization would discontinue its annual March of Resistance out of recognition for President [[Néstor Kirchner]]'s success in having the [[Full Stop Law]] and [[Law of Due Obedience]] (two Alfonsín-era measures which had effectively ended most Dirty War prosecutions) declared unconstitutional.<ref>[http://edant.clarin.com/diario/2006/01/14/elpais/p-02001.htm ''Clarín'': Bonafini anunció que las Madres harán la última Marcha de la Resistencia {{es}}]</ref> The Association of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo, led by Bonafini, has benefited from increased government funding during the Kirchner administrations, and has extended its influence through a newspaper (''La Voz de las Madres''), a radio station, and a university ([[w:es:Universidad Popular de Madres de Plaza de Mayo|Popular University of the Mothers of Plaza de Mayo]]).<ref name="Urgente24 2009">Urgente24, 04 April 2009.''Hebe de Bonafini S.A.: Cuando el dolor sirve para ganar dinero y poder''.</ref> The association also manages a federally-funded housing program, which by 2008 oversaw construction on over 2,600 housing units earmarked for [[villa miseria|slum]] residents.<ref>[http://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/sociedad/3-105631-2008-06-08.html ''Página/12'': Las Madres y su construcción de sueños {{es}}]</ref> |
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Hebe de Bonafini has expressed support for figures such as [[Che Guevara]], [[Fidel Castro]], [[Sandino]], [[Yasser Arafat]], [[Hugo Chávez]], [[Evo Morales]], and the mothers of ETA prisoners. She has declared herself against [[social democracy]], [[capitalism]], [[neo-liberalism]], [[globalization]], and the [[IMF]].<ref name="Urgente24 2009"/> |
Hebe de Bonafini has expressed support for figures such as [[Che Guevara]], [[Fidel Castro]], [[Sandino]], [[Yasser Arafat]], [[Hugo Chávez]], [[Evo Morales]], and the mothers of ETA prisoners. She has declared herself against [[social democracy]], [[capitalism]], [[Chile]], the [[United States]], [[Europe]], [[Israel]], [[neo-liberalism]], [[globalization]], and the [[IMF]].<ref name="Urgente24 2009"/> |
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She has said "I always thought of my children as guerrilla soldiers and revolutionaries, with great pride".<ref name="Urgente24 2009"/> |
She has said "I always thought of my children as guerrilla soldiers and revolutionaries, with great pride".<ref name="Urgente24 2009"/> |
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Revision as of 21:38, 21 August 2011
Hebe de Bonafini | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | December 4, 1928 |
| Nationality | Argentine |
| Title | President of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo |
| Term | since 1979 |
Hebe Pastor de Bonafini (born December 4, 1928) is an Argentine activist, one of the founders of the Association of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo,[1] an organization of Argentine mothers whose children were disappeared during the Dirty War, the persecution and suppression of opposition by the military dictatorship (the self-styled "National Reorganization Process") that ruled Argentina between 1976 and 1983.[2][3][4]
Life and times
Born Hebe María Pastor in Ensenada, Buenos Aires Province, she was raised in nearby La Plata, and attended school through the eighth grade. She married Humberto Alfredo Bonafini in 1942, worked as a seamstress, and raised three children.
The Dirty War cost the life of her elder son, Jorge Omar, on February 8, 1977, of her other son, Raúl Alfredo, on December 6, and of her daughter-in-law, María Elena Bugnone Cepeda, on May 25, 1978.
As president of the Mothers Association since 1979, Bonafini has spoken out in defense of her concept of human rights, both in Argentina and abroad, gaining international recognition; she received the UNESCO Prize for Peace Education in 1999.
Adopting the rallying cry of Aparición con vida (Return them alive) in 1980, Bonafini demanded an immediate accounting of all of the desaparecidos, including her sons. Amid a gradual loosening of restrictions, she organized a March of Resistance along the Avenida de Mayo on December 10, 1982. This event marked the first time the group marched outside the namesake Plaza de Mayo, and the first time it was joined by large crowds of sympathizers.[5]
Following the return to civilian rule in 1983, divisions began to develop in the organization relating to what they believed to be President Raúl Alfonsín's overly cautious progress in prosecuting Dirty War perpetrators. Alfonsín established the historic 1985 Trial of the Juntas; but the decision to limit the proceedings to nine leading military junta members, as well as the acquittals handed to five of these, further antagonized Bonafini, who believed the president would forego further prosecutions for political considerations. The Mothers Association split in 1986, establishing two groups of around 2,000 members each: Bonafini's Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo Association, and the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo — Founding Line. Bonafini has generally been identified with the more radical faction, choosing to justify the methods undertaken by dissident people during the last dictatorship.[5]
On the wake of the September 11, 2001 attacks, Bonafini generated international controversy when she defended the actions of the terrorist airline hijackers saying "I felt that there were many people in that moment who were happy and felt that the blood of so many in that moment were avenged... because the NATO bombings, the blockades and the millions of children who die of hunger in this world, that was due to this power that those men attacked, with their own bodies. And everyone knew it." Bonafini stands behind her support to terrorist organizations such as FARC[6] and ETA.[7]
In 2005 she generated more controversy by saying that, as Pope John Paul II "committed many sins, he [was] going to go to hell." She added that she "didn't say more than what the Roman Catholic Church taught me."[8]
The relationship of the Néstor and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner administrations with Hebe de Bonafini has been very close. President Néstor Kirchner received Bonafini at the Casa Rosada within days of his May 25, 2003, inaugural, and regularly consulted her during his tenure.[9][10]
Bonafini announced on January 2006 that her organization would discontinue its annual March of Resistance out of recognition for President Néstor Kirchner's success in having the Full Stop Law and Law of Due Obedience (two Alfonsín-era measures which had effectively ended most Dirty War prosecutions) declared unconstitutional.[11] The Association of the Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo, led by Bonafini, has benefited from increased government funding during the Kirchner administrations, and has extended its influence through a newspaper (La Voz de las Madres), a radio station, and a university (Popular University of the Mothers of Plaza de Mayo).[12] The association also manages a federally-funded housing program, which by 2008 oversaw construction on over 2,600 housing units earmarked for slum residents.[13]
Hebe de Bonafini has expressed support for figures such as Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, Sandino, Yasser Arafat, Hugo Chávez, Evo Morales, and the mothers of ETA prisoners. She has declared herself against social democracy, capitalism, Chile, the United States, Europe, Israel, neo-liberalism, globalization, and the IMF.[12]
She has said "I always thought of my children as guerrilla soldiers and revolutionaries, with great pride".[12]
References
- ^ Madres de Plaza de Mayo Template:Es
- ^ Festivaletteratura, Authors' Archive. Hebe de Bonafini.
- ^ New Internationalist, May 2003. Interview with David Ransom.
- ^ Punto Final. Entre la lucha y los recuerdos.
- ^ a b Bennett, Adam, Ludlow, Marcee, and Reed, Christopher. Madres de Plaza de Mayo. University of Texas
- ^ Hebe de Bonafini respaldó a guerrilleros de las FARC Infobae, 2008 Template:Es.
- ^ LA VIOLENCIA TERRORISTA / LA POLEMICA: El Gobierno estudia si Bonafini hace apología del terrorismo. Las fundadoras del movimiento descalifican el apoyo de la presidenta de las Madres de Mayo al entorno etarra El Mundo, 2000 Template:Es.
- ^ Clarín, 13 April 2005. "Bonafini cargó duro contra las Abuelas, Juan Pablo II y Blumberg".
- ^ La Nación: Kirchner recibió a Hebe de Bonafini en la Casa Rosada Template:Es
- ^ Clarín, 26 December 2006. Kirchner recibió a Hebe de Bonafini en Casa de Gobierno.
- ^ Clarín: Bonafini anunció que las Madres harán la última Marcha de la Resistencia Template:Es
- ^ a b c Urgente24, 04 April 2009.Hebe de Bonafini S.A.: Cuando el dolor sirve para ganar dinero y poder.
- ^ Página/12: Las Madres y su construcción de sueños Template:Es
External links
