1995 Pacific Grand Prix: Difference between revisions
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The race was originally scheduled to be held as the [[1995 Formula One season|third round of the season]] on April 16, 1995. However, due to the [[Great Hanshin earthquake]], the race date was moved to October as the local infrastructure and communications were badly damaged from the earthquake.<ref name=grandprix-009>{{cite web | url = http://www.grandprix.com/ns/ns00009.html | work = GrandPrix.com | publisher = Inside F1 | title = Formula 1 calendar rethink | date = 1995-02-06 | accessdate = 2008-04-26}}</ref> |
The race was originally scheduled to be held as the [[1995 Formula One season|third round of the season]] on April 16, 1995. However, due to the [[Great Hanshin earthquake]], the race date was moved to October as the local infrastructure and communications were badly damaged from the earthquake.<ref name=grandprix-009>{{cite web | url = http://www.grandprix.com/ns/ns00009.html | work = GrandPrix.com | publisher = Inside F1 | title = Formula 1 calendar rethink | date = 1995-02-06 | accessdate = 2008-04-26}}</ref> |
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Heading into the 15th race of the season, [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]] driver [[Michael Schumacher]] was leading the [[List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions|Drivers' Championship]] with 82 points; [[WilliamsF1|Williams]] driver [[Damon Hill]] was second on 55 points, 27 points behind Schumacher. Only a maximum of 30 points were available for the remaining three races, which meant that Hill could still win the title. Schumacher only needed a fourth place finish to become Drivers' Champion as, even if Hill won, Schumacher would be more than twenty points ahead of Hill with two races remaining. Behind Hill and Schumacher in the Drivers' Championship, third, fourth and fifth places were covered by three points: [[David Coulthard]] was third on 43 points in a Williams, with [[Johnny Herbert]] and [[Jean Alesi]] both on 40 points.<ref name=grandprix-322>{{cite web | url = http://www.grandprix.com/ns/ns00322.html | work = GrandPrix.com | publisher = Inside F1 | title = Champion in all but name | date = 1995-10-16 | accessdate = 2008-04-26}}</ref> In the [[List of Formula One World Constructors' Champions|Constructors' Championship]], [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]] were leading on 112 points and [[WilliamsF1|Williams]] were second on 92 points, with a maximum of 48 points available.<ref name=pg214-215/><ref name=grandprix-322/> |
Heading into the 15th race of the season, [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]] driver [[Michael Schumacher]] was leading the [[List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions|Drivers' Championship]] with 82 points; [[WilliamsF1|Williams]] driver [[Damon Hill]] was second on 55 points, 27 points behind Schumacher. Only a maximum of 30 points were available for the remaining three races, which meant that Hill could still win the title. Schumacher only needed a fourth place finish to become Drivers' Champion as, even if Hill won, Schumacher would be more than twenty points ahead of Hill with two races remaining. Behind Hill and Schumacher in the Drivers' Championship, third, fourth and fifth places were covered by three points: [[David Coulthard]] was third on 43 points in a Williams, with [[Johnny Herbert]] and [[Jean Alesi]] both on 40 points.<ref name=grandprix-322>{{cite web | url = http://www.grandprix.com/ns/ns00322.html | work = GrandPrix.com | publisher = Inside F1 | title = Champion in all but name | date = 1995-10-16 | accessdate = 2008-04-26}}</ref> In the [[List of Formula One World Constructors' Champions|Constructors' Championship]], [[Benetton Formula|Benetton]] were leading on 112 points and [[WilliamsF1|Williams]] were second on 92 points, with a maximum of 48 points available.<ref name=pg214-215/><ref name=grandprix-322/> In the two weeks leading up to the race, there was heavy criticism towards, Damon Hill, with pundits feeling that Hill had not been "forceful" enough in his battle at the [[1995 European Grand Prix|European Grand Prix]] against Schumacher. In an interview leading up to the race, part-time [[Ligier]] driver [[Martin Brundle]] said: |
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{{quote|Damon has to re-establish himself as a racer. More than a few of us think that, wheel-to-wheel, he is lacking something. It might be that he needs to lose a front wheel or two to do so.<ref name=pg209/>}} |
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| ⚫ | Schumacher, his title—rival, said that Hill made "half-hearted attempts" to overtake, which lead him to "getting into trouble".<ref name=pg209/> The comments were prompted after a series of battles between Hill and Schumacher in previous race meetings, most notably at the [[1995 Belgian Grand Prix|Belgian Grand Prix]], where Hill accussed Schumacher of blocking him.<ref name=grandprix-belgium>{{cite web | url = http://www.grandprix.com/gpe/rr575.html | work = GrandPrix.com | publisher = Inside F1 | title = Grand Prix Results: Belgium GP, 1995 | accessdate = 2007-03-20}}</ref> At a [[FIA World Motor Sport Council]] meeting on October 19 to discuss driver etiquette, they opted against introducing new rules on the issue. However, the Formula One's [[Sport governing body|governing body]], the [[Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile]] (FIA) emphasied that the [[International Sporting Code]] would be enforced on the basis that drivers are free to drive as they wish "provided they do not deliberately endanger another driver or repeatedly obstruct him on a straight", following a number of incidents (mostly involving Hill and Schumacher) during the year.<ref name=pg211>{{cite book | last = Henry | first = Alan | authorlink = Alan Henry | title = [[Autocourse]] 1995-96 | origyear = 1995 | origmonth = December | publisher = Hazelton Publishing | isbn = 978-1874557364 | pages = p. 211}}</ref> |
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Williams were favourites to win the race due to the nature of the track—their [[Williams FW17]] car was more suited to [[downforce|high-downforce]] tracks like Aida, and thus had the advantage over Benetton. In an attempt to match the pace of the Williams cars, Benetton introduced a revised [[rear suspension]] geometry to the [[Benetton B195]] for the race.<ref name=pg209>{{cite book | last = Henry | first = Alan | authorlink = Alan Henry | title = [[Autocourse]] 1995-96 | origyear = 1995 | origmonth = December | publisher = Hazelton Publishing | isbn = 978-1874557364 | pages = p. 209}}</ref> |
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[[Image:David Coulthard 2007.jpg|thumb|upright|[[David Coulthard]], who took pole position in his [[WilliamsF1|Williams]] car]] |
[[Image:David Coulthard 2007.jpg|thumb|upright|[[David Coulthard]], who took pole position in his [[WilliamsF1|Williams]] car]] |
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There were five driver changes heading into the race. Having been in one of the two |
There were five driver changes heading into the race. Having been in one of the two Ligier cars since the tenth race of the season at [[1995 German Grand Prix|Germany]], Martin Brundle was replaced by [[Aguri Suzuki]] as part of the two sharing the drive for the season.<ref name=grandprix-r>{{cite web | first = Joe | last = Saward | url = http://www.grandprix.com/ft/ft00204.html | work = GrandPrix.com | publisher = Inside F1 | title = News Feature - 1995 Formula 1 Review | date = 1995-12-01 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}}</ref> [[Jan Magnussen]] was drafted into the [[McLaren]] team to replace [[Mika Häkkinen]] because of the Finn's operation for [[appendicitis]].<ref name=grandprix-hakkinenappendicitis>{{cite web | url = http://www.grandprix.com/ns/ns00336.html | work = GrandPrix.com | publisher = Inside F1 | title = Magnussen impresses for McLaren | date = 1995-10-23 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}}</ref> The third driver change was [[Ukyo Katayama]]'s return to [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell]] after missing the European Grand Prix; resting because of a crash at the [[1995 Portuguese Grand Prix|Portuguese Grand Prix]].<ref name=grandprix-katayama>{{cite web | url = http://www.grandprix.com/ns/ns00310.html | work = GrandPrix.com | publisher = Inside F1 | title = Tyrrell drive up for grabs | date = 1995-10-02 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}}</ref> [[Gianni Morbidelli]] returned the [[Footwork Arrows|Footwork]] team replacing [[Max Papis]], while at [[Pacific Racing|Pacific]], [[Bertrand Gachot]] replaced [[Jean-Denis Délétraz]].<ref name=formula1.com-morbidelli1995>{{cite web | url = http://www.formula1.com/results/driver/1995/57.html | publisher = The Official Formula 1 Website | title = 1995 > Morbidelli, Gianni | accessdate = 2008-08-19}}</ref><ref name=formula1.com-gachot1995>{{cite web | url = http://www.formula1.com/results/driver/1995/64.html | publisher = The Official Formula 1 Website | title = 1995 > Gachot, Bertrand | accessdate = 2008-08-19}}</ref> |
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=== Practice and qualifying === |
=== Practice and qualifying === |
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Two practice sessions were held before the race; the first was held on Friday morning and the second on Saturday morning. Both sessions lasted 1 hour and 45 minutes with weather conditions dry throughout.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.galeforcef1.com/f1/95/pacific/ | title = Pacific Grand Prix - 95 | publisher = Gale Force F1 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}}</ref> Schumacher was fastest in the first session, posting a time of 1:16.057, three tenths of a second quicker than Hill and Coulthard, in second and third places respectively. The [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] cars were fourth and fifth fastest; [[Gerhard Berger]] ahead of [[Jean Alesi]], with McLaren driver [[Mark Blundell]] rounding out the top six.<ref name=pg214-215/> Coulthard lapped faster than Schumacher in the second practice session with a time of 1:15.730. Hill was again second in the Williams, three tenths of a second behind Coulthard. [[Eddie Irvine]] in the [[Jordan Grand Prix|Jordan]] car was fourth, seven tenths behind Coulthard. He was split by the Ferraris who were third and fifth; Alesi in front of Berger. The Benetton cars disappointed and were sixth and seventh; Schumacher in front of Herbert. [[Heinz-Harald Frentzen]] and [[Jean-Christophe Boullion]] were eighth and tenth in the [[Sauber]]s, with [[Rubens Barrichello]] in the Jordan ninth, albeit two seconds off the pace.<ref name=pg214-215/> |
Two practice sessions were held before the race; the first was held on Friday morning and the second on Saturday morning. Both sessions lasted 1 hour and 45 minutes with weather conditions dry throughout.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.galeforcef1.com/f1/95/pacific/ | title = Pacific Grand Prix - 95 | publisher = Gale Force F1 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}}</ref> Schumacher was fastest in the first session, posting a time of 1:16.057, three tenths of a second quicker than Hill and Coulthard, in second and third places respectively. The [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] cars were fourth and fifth fastest; [[Gerhard Berger]] ahead of [[Jean Alesi]], with McLaren driver [[Mark Blundell]] rounding out the top six.<ref name=pg214-215/> Coulthard lapped faster than Schumacher in the second practice session with a time of 1:15.730. Hill was again second in the Williams, three tenths of a second behind Coulthard. [[Eddie Irvine]] in the [[Jordan Grand Prix|Jordan]] car was fourth, seven tenths behind Coulthard. He was split by the Ferraris who were third and fifth; Alesi in front of Berger. The Benetton cars disappointed and were sixth and seventh; Schumacher in front of Herbert. [[Heinz-Harald Frentzen]] and [[Jean-Christophe Boullion]] were eighth and tenth in the [[Sauber]]s, with [[Rubens Barrichello]] in the Jordan ninth, albeit two seconds off the pace.<ref name=pg214-215/> |
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{{quote box|quote=" |
{{quote box|quote="For me it was just a case of going out for my last run and trying to do better just in case Michael improved. But it was so close to the end of the session that I had to be out on the circuit; there wasn't time to see if Michael went quicker, then go out and try for a time if he did."|source=[[David Coulthard]], commenting on wasting a new set of [[slick tyres]] at the end of the session.<ref name=pg209/>|width=40%|align=left}} |
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Coulthard clinched his fourth consecutive [[pole position]], in his Williams, with a time of 1:14.013.<ref name= |
Coulthard clinched his fourth consecutive [[pole position]], in his Williams, with a time of 1:14.013.<ref name=pg214-215/><ref name=formula1.com-coulthard1995>{{cite web | url = http://www.formula1.com/results/driver/1995/11.html | publisher = The Official Formula 1 Website | title = 1995 > Coulthard, David | accessdate = 2008-08-19}}</ref> He was joined on the front row by team-mate Hill, who was two tenths of a second behind.<ref name=pg214-215/> Schumacher was third in the Benetton, with Berger fourth despite going off into the [[Run-off area|gravel]] late in the second part of qualifying, held on Saturday afternoon.<ref name=atlas-pacific2ndquali>{{cite web | url = http://www.galeforcef1.com/f1/95/pacific/qual2.html | publisher = Gale Force F1 | title = Pacific Grand Prix: 2nd Qualifying | accessdate = 2008-08-17}}</ref> Berger's team-mate Alesi was fifth, with Irvine completing the top six. Rookie [[Jan Magnussen]] qualified 12th, only two positions behind team-mate Blundell.<ref name=pg214-215/> |
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=== Race === |
=== Race === |
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The conditions for the race were dry with the [[air temperature]] 21 degrees celsius.<ref name=bbc-1>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-22 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 03:00–03:15 | accessdate = 2008-08-17 | quote = Twelve minutes to two at Aida in Japan, the temperature is 21 degrees, the skies are blue and the prospects are absolutely terrific.}}</ref> The drivers took to the track at 09:30 [[Japan Standard Time|JST]] ([[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] +8) for a 30-minute warmup session. Both Williams cars maintained their good performance from qualifying; Coulthard was fastest on a time of 1:16.831. Hill was third in the other Williams car; [[Jean-Christophe Boullion]] split them in the Sauber for second position. [[Olivier Panis]] completed the top four in a [[Ligier]] car, eight tenths of a second behind Hill.<ref name=pg214-215/> Schumacher finished the session in eighth, despite going off the track, damaging his race car in the process.<ref name=bbc-5>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 13:30–14:00 | accessdate = 2008-08-17 | quote = And this morning, Michael Schumacher went off the track and damaged his race car tore off the barge board part of the aerodynamics on the left side of the car.}}</ref> Out of the allocation of seven-sets of [[slick tyres]] as set out by |
The conditions for the race were dry with the [[air temperature]] 21 degrees celsius.<ref name=bbc-1>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-22 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 03:00–03:15 | accessdate = 2008-08-17 | quote = Twelve minutes to two at Aida in Japan, the temperature is 21 degrees, the skies are blue and the prospects are absolutely terrific.}}</ref> The drivers took to the track at 09:30 [[Japan Standard Time|JST]] ([[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] +8) for a 30-minute warmup session. Both Williams cars maintained their good performance from qualifying; Coulthard was fastest on a time of 1:16.831. Hill was third in the other Williams car; [[Jean-Christophe Boullion]] split them in the Sauber for second position. [[Olivier Panis]] completed the top four in a [[Ligier]] car, eight tenths of a second behind Hill.<ref name=pg214-215/> Schumacher finished the session in eighth, despite going off the track, damaging his race car in the process.<ref name=bbc-5>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 13:30–14:00 | accessdate = 2008-08-17 | quote = And this morning, Michael Schumacher went off the track and damaged his race car tore off the barge board part of the aerodynamics on the left side of the car.}}</ref> Out of the allocation of seven-sets of [[slick tyres]] as set out by the FIA, all the teams had at least three sets of brand new tyres left for the race. Notably, the Williams drivers of Hill and Coulthard only had two sets of brand new tyres left, whereas Schumacher had three sets of brand new tyres left for the race.<ref name=pg209/> |
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The race started at 14:00 JST. Coulthard converted his pole position to lead into the first corner. Hill, who started alongside Coulthard, had a bad start. Schumacher attempted to go around the outside of Hill at the first corner, but Hill held Schumacher off. Both drivers ran off the [[racing line]] in the process, allowing Alesi through into second place.<ref name=grandprix-pacific/> At the end of lap one, Coulthard led Alesi by 2.8 seconds, with Hill a further three tenths back. Berger was fourth, with Schumacher demoted to fifth.<ref name=bbc-6>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 19:15–19:40 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}} Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the end of lap one.</ref> Bertrand Gachot in the Pacific was the first person to retire from the race with a gearbox problem after completing two laps.<ref name=formula1.com-officialresult/> Schumacher passed Berger for fourth position on lap 5, and immediately began closing on Hill in third, who himself only a few tenths behind Alesi. Schumacher attempted to pass Hill |
The race started at 14:00 JST. Coulthard converted his pole position to lead into the first corner. Hill, who started alongside Coulthard, had a bad start. Schumacher attempted to go around the outside of Hill at the first corner, but Hill held Schumacher off. Both drivers ran off the [[racing line]] in the process, allowing Alesi through into second place.<ref name=grandprix-pacific/> At the end of lap one, Coulthard led Alesi by 2.8 seconds, with Hill a further three tenths back. Berger was fourth, with Schumacher demoted to fifth.<ref name=bbc-6>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 19:15–19:40 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}} Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the end of lap one.</ref> Bertrand Gachot in the Pacific was the first person to retire from the race with a gearbox problem after completing two laps.<ref name=formula1.com-officialresult/> Schumacher passed Berger for fourth position on lap 5, and immediately began closing on Hill in third, who himself only a few tenths behind Alesi. Schumacher attempted to pass Hill on lap 11 for third place at the [[Hairpin bend#Motorsports|hairpin]], but Hill held him off.<ref name=pg214-215/><ref name=pg211/> By lap 18, Coulthard had pulled away and was 14 seconds ahead of the group battling for second position.<ref name=pg211/> Throughout the race, Barrichello and Magnussen engaged in a battle for tenth and eleventh positions, with Magnussen keeping Barrichello behind until lap 37 when Barrichello managed to overtake Magnussen into the hairpin.<ref name=pg214-215/> |
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[[Image:Michael Schumacher-I'm the man (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Michael Schumacher]], who was crowned [[1995 Formula One season|1995 Formula One Drivers' Champion]] as a result of his win (picture taken in 2005 while driving at [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]])]] |
[[Image:Michael Schumacher-I'm the man (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Michael Schumacher]], who was crowned [[1995 Formula One season|1995 Formula One Drivers' Champion]] as a result of his win (picture taken in 2005 while driving at [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]])]] |
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Alesi, Hill and Schumacher all pitted for their first of three stops on lap 18. The [[Pit stop#List of Formula One Pit Crew|Benetton pitcrew]] made a quick stop for Schumacher, allowing him to get out ahead of Alesi and Hill. Schumacher exited the pit stop in fourth place, with Alesi in seventh place and Hill in ninth place. With Alesi and Hill held up by the slower runners in front, Schumacher pulled away and closed in on Coulthard. Hill and Alesi eventually passed the slower runners including Frentzen and Irvine.<ref name=pg214-215/> Alesi moved past Irvine at the hairpin, but as Hill tried to follow Alesi through, Hill's [[Downforce#Front|front wing]] hit the rear of Irvine's car, causing minor damage.<ref name=bbc-9>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 49:15–49:35 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}} Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the end of lap seven.</ref> Like Hill, Coulthard was also scheduled to make three stops, but Williams changed the [[Pit stop#Pit strategy|pit strategy]] for Coulthard to two stops by fuelling him longer at his first stop on lap 24.<ref name=pg209/> As a result of a lighter fuel load for Schumacher because of the different strategies, Schumacher began to constantly lap faster than the Englishman.<ref name=bbc-10>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 59:30-01:00:00 | accessdate = 2008-08-17 | quote = Look at this, David Coulthard has got Michael Schumacher right behind him now, the German is taking great lumps out of Coulthard's lead, it's down to under two seconds.}}</ref> |
Alesi, Hill and Schumacher all pitted for their first of three stops on lap 18. The [[Pit stop#List of Formula One Pit Crew|Benetton pitcrew]] made a quick stop for Schumacher, allowing him to get out ahead of Alesi and Hill.<ref name=pg209/> Schumacher exited the pit stop in fourth place, with Alesi in seventh place and Hill in ninth place. With Alesi and Hill held up by the slower runners in front, Schumacher pulled away and closed in on Coulthard. Hill and Alesi eventually passed the slower runners including Frentzen and Irvine.<ref name=pg214-215/> Alesi moved past Irvine at the hairpin, but as Hill tried to follow Alesi through, Hill's [[Downforce#Front|front wing]] hit the rear of Irvine's car, causing minor damage.<ref name=bbc-9>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 49:15–49:35 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}} Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the end of lap seven.</ref> Like Hill, Coulthard was also scheduled to make three stops, but Williams changed the [[Pit stop#Pit strategy|pit strategy]] for Coulthard to two stops by fuelling him longer at his first stop on lap 24.<ref name=pg209/> As a result of a lighter fuel load for Schumacher because of the different strategies, Schumacher began to constantly lap faster than the Englishman.<ref name=bbc-10>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 59:30-01:00:00 | accessdate = 2008-08-17 | quote = Look at this, David Coulthard has got Michael Schumacher right behind him now, the German is taking great lumps out of Coulthard's lead, it's down to under two seconds.}}</ref> |
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Schumacher made his second stop on lap 38, coming out the pits just in front of third place Alesi, but over twenty seconds behind Coulthard. Schumacher immediately began setting [[fastest lap]]s and began to close in on Coulthard once more.<ref name=bbc-11>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 01:11:45-01:12:00 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}} Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the beginning of lap 40.</ref> Coulthard was further held up by [[Racing flags#The blue flag|backmarkers]], costing him several seconds.<!-- Insert ref here! --> Hill managed to move up to third in front of Alesi during their second pit stops. The Ferrari of Alesi dropped further back as team-mate Berger passed him at the hairpin for fourth position.<ref name=pg214-215/> Coulthard made his final stop on lap 49, exiting 14 seconds behind Schumacher, who continued to extend the margin between the two. The German made his third pit stop on lap 60 with a 21 second advantage. He exited four seconds in front of Coulthard to lead the race.<ref name=grandprix-pacific/><ref name=bbc-12>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 01:30:00-01:30:30 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}} Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the beginning of lap 60.</ref> Schumacher won the race after 83 laps to secure his eighth victory of the season in a time of 1:48:49.972s.<ref name=pg214-215/> The win meant that Schumacher was crowned the 1995 Drivers' Champion.<ref name=gp-schumi/> Coulthard finished second in his Williams, 14 seconds behind Schumacher, with team-mate Hill third. The Ferraris of Berger and Alesi were fourth and fifth respectively, with Herbert taking the final point in sixth place for Benetton.<ref name=pg214-215/> |
Schumacher made his second stop on lap 38, coming out the pits just in front of third place Alesi, but over twenty seconds behind Coulthard. Schumacher immediately began setting [[fastest lap]]s and began to close in on Coulthard once more.<ref name=bbc-11>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 01:11:45-01:12:00 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}} Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the beginning of lap 40.</ref> Coulthard was further held up by [[Racing flags#The blue flag|backmarkers]], costing him several seconds.<!-- Insert ref here! --> Hill managed to move up to third in front of Alesi during their second pit stops. The Ferrari of Alesi dropped further back as team-mate Berger passed him at the hairpin for fourth position.<ref name=pg214-215/> Coulthard made his final stop on lap 49, exiting 14 seconds behind Schumacher, who continued to extend the margin between the two. The German made his third pit stop on lap 60 with a 21 second advantage. He exited four seconds in front of Coulthard to lead the race.<ref name=grandprix-pacific/><ref name=bbc-12>{{cite video | people = [[Murray Walker|Walker, Murray]] (Commentator) | date2 = 1995-10-29 | title = Grand Prix | medium = Television production | publisher = [[BBC]] | location = [[London]], [[England]] | time = 01:30:00-01:30:30 | accessdate = 2008-08-17}} Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the beginning of lap 60.</ref> Schumacher won the race after 83 laps to secure his eighth victory of the season in a time of 1:48:49.972s.<ref name=pg214-215/> The win meant that Schumacher was crowned the 1995 Drivers' Champion.<ref name=gp-schumi/> Coulthard finished second in his Williams, 14 seconds behind Schumacher, with team-mate Hill third. The Ferraris of Berger and Alesi were fourth and fifth respectively, with Herbert taking the final point in sixth place for Benetton.<ref name=pg214-215/> |
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===Post-race=== |
===Post-race=== |
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After the race, it was revealed that Schumacher endured a [[Transmission (mechanics)|downshift]] problem on the final lap and that there was a problem with the |
After the race, it was revealed that Schumacher endured a [[Transmission (mechanics)|downshift]] problem on the final lap and that there was a problem with the.<ref name=grandprix-pacific/> Schumacher praised his pitcrew for doing a "perfect" first stop which helped him move in front of Alesi and Hill. He also said he "never saw anything like this team and its ability to come up with strategies" and that they they never made "one mistake this season".<ref name=pg211/> Off-camera while going through [[parc fermé]], Schumacher and Hill renewed their argument from the [[1995 Belgian Grand Prix|Belgian Grand Prix]] over what degree of blocking was acceptable after their first corner incident.<ref name=grandprix-pacific/> Schumacher told Hill that he was unhappy with Hill's driving throughout the race, most notably during Schumacher's overtaking attempts on lap one and lap eleven. Hill refuted Schumacher's claims, saying: |
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{{quote|Michael wasn't happy with what I did a couple of times in the race and he has told me that he is unhappy with my driving. I find that extraordinary. The situation now is that we are completely free to drive as we like as long as it is not deliberately dangerous, So I drove in that style and he didn't like it. He should have no complaints...somehow or other, when we got into the braking area at the end of the back straight I did something wrong. But I can't see what I did wrong. It seems that there is one rule for him and another for everybody else at times. I just think that either you agree to that, and there should be no complaints, or there are rules and you should stick to them. I think that I am a better, stronger driver this year than I was last year and can build on that for next year. Clearly Michael has an advantage over everyone and if I want to win, then I am going to have to overhaul him.<ref name=pg211/>}} |
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Despite Hill's comments, he endured continued criticism by the British media after the poor performance; there was speculation brewing that Williams were going to replace him with Frentzen for the 1996 season.<ref>{{cite book | last = Hill | first = Damon | authorlink = Damon Hill | title = [[Damon Hill]]: My Championship Year | origyear = 1996 | origmonth = November | publisher = [[Little, Brown and Company]] | isbn = 0-316-87976-2 | pages = p. 163–168}}</ref><ref name=hill>{{cite book | last = Tremayne | first = David | authorlink = David Tremayne | title = Damon Hill World Champion: The Triumphant Story of a British Sporting Hero | publisher = [[Parragon]] | pages = p. 65 | origyear = 1996 | id = ISBN 0-7525-2013-X | quote = The nadir of Hill's 1995 season was Suzuka, where the atmosphere within the Williams camp was acrid, and where he crashed out of the race. It was here, it is rumoured, that Frank Williams resolved to employ Frentzen at the earliest opportunity.}}</ref> Despite the rumours, Williams team boss [[Frank Williams]] gave Hill "an unequivocal vote of confidence" heading into the next race, the [[1995 Japanese Grand Prix|Japanese Grand Prix]].<ref name=pg218>{{cite book | last = Henry | first = Alan | authorlink = Alan Henry | title = [[Autocourse]] 1995-96 | origyear = 1995 | origmonth = December | publisher = Hazelton Publishing | isbn = 978-1874557364 | pages = p. 218}}</ref> |
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During an interview Coulthard, who finished second, revealed that it was his decision to change to a two stop strategy from a three stop strategy, telling the Williams pitcrew to delay his stop. Afterwards, he said that he wished he stayed on a three stop strategy, saying that he wished he could "blame someone else for this decision, because I can't".<ref name=pg211/> |
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| ⚫ | |||
== Classification == |
== Classification == |
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Revision as of 18:17, 19 August 2008
| 1995 Pacific Grand Prix | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Race 15 of 17 in the 1995 Formula One World Championship | |||
.png) | |||
| Race details | |||
| Date | October 22, 1995 | ||
| Official name | II Pacific Grand Prix[1] | ||
| Location | TI Circuit, Aida, Japan | ||
| Course | Permanent racing facility | ||
| Course length | 3.703 km (2.314 miles) | ||
| Distance | 83 laps, 307.349[1] km (192.093 miles) | ||
| Weather | Cloudy, dry[1] | ||
| Pole position | |||
| Driver | Williams-Renault | ||
| Time | 1:14.013[1] | ||
| Fastest lap | |||
| Driver |
 Michael Schumacher | Benetton-Renault | |
| Time | 1:16.374 on lap 40[1] | ||
| Podium | |||
| First | Benetton-Renault | ||
| Second | Williams-Renault | ||
| Third | Williams-Renault | ||
The 1995 Pacific Grand Prix (formally the II Pacific Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held on October 22, 1995 at the TI Circuit, Aida, Japan. It was the 15th race of the 1995 Formula One season.[1] The race, contested over 83 laps, was won by Michael Schumacher for the Benetton team after starting from third position. David Coulthard, who started the race from pole position, finished second in a Williams car, with Damon Hill third in the other Williams.[2]
Hill started the race alongside Coulthard on the front row, but made a poor start, allowing Schumacher to get alongside him. Schumacher attempted to drive around the outside of Hill at the first corner, but Hill held Schumacher off as Jean Alesi, driving for Ferrari got past both on the inside line to take second position. Hill, as a result, dropped down to third with Schumacher dropped down to fifth behind Gerhard Berger.[1] Schumacher managed to get past Alesi and Hill during the first of three pit stops, allowing him, on a new set of slick tyres to close on Coulthard, who was on a two stop strategy. Schumacher overtook Coulthard during his third pitstop by lapping two seconds a lap faster than Coulthard to open a margin between the two of 21 seconds.[3]
Schumacher's win confirmed him as Drivers' Champion as Hill could not pass Schumacher's points total with only two races remaining.[4]
Report
Background
The race was originally scheduled to be held as the third round of the season on April 16, 1995. However, due to the Great Hanshin earthquake, the race date was moved to October as the local infrastructure and communications were badly damaged from the earthquake.[5]
Heading into the 15th race of the season, Benetton driver Michael Schumacher was leading the Drivers' Championship with 82 points; Williams driver Damon Hill was second on 55 points, 27 points behind Schumacher. Only a maximum of 30 points were available for the remaining three races, which meant that Hill could still win the title. Schumacher only needed a fourth place finish to become Drivers' Champion as, even if Hill won, Schumacher would be more than twenty points ahead of Hill with two races remaining. Behind Hill and Schumacher in the Drivers' Championship, third, fourth and fifth places were covered by three points: David Coulthard was third on 43 points in a Williams, with Johnny Herbert and Jean Alesi both on 40 points.[6] In the Constructors' Championship, Benetton were leading on 112 points and Williams were second on 92 points, with a maximum of 48 points available.[1][6] In the two weeks leading up to the race, there was heavy criticism towards, Damon Hill, with pundits feeling that Hill had not been "forceful" enough in his battle at the European Grand Prix against Schumacher. In an interview leading up to the race, part-time Ligier driver Martin Brundle said:
Damon has to re-establish himself as a racer. More than a few of us think that, wheel-to-wheel, he is lacking something. It might be that he needs to lose a front wheel or two to do so.[7]
Schumacher, his title—rival, said that Hill made "half-hearted attempts" to overtake, which lead him to "getting into trouble".[7] The comments were prompted after a series of battles between Hill and Schumacher in previous race meetings, most notably at the Belgian Grand Prix, where Hill accussed Schumacher of blocking him.[8] At a FIA World Motor Sport Council meeting on October 19 to discuss driver etiquette, they opted against introducing new rules on the issue. However, the Formula One's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) emphasied that the International Sporting Code would be enforced on the basis that drivers are free to drive as they wish "provided they do not deliberately endanger another driver or repeatedly obstruct him on a straight", following a number of incidents (mostly involving Hill and Schumacher) during the year.[9]
Williams were favourites to win the race due to the nature of the track—their Williams FW17 car was more suited to high-downforce tracks like Aida, and thus had the advantage over Benetton. In an attempt to match the pace of the Williams cars, Benetton introduced a revised rear suspension geometry to the Benetton B195 for the race.[7]
There were five driver changes heading into the race. Having been in one of the two Ligier cars since the tenth race of the season at Germany, Martin Brundle was replaced by Aguri Suzuki as part of the two sharing the drive for the season.[10] Jan Magnussen was drafted into the McLaren team to replace Mika Häkkinen because of the Finn's operation for appendicitis.[11] The third driver change was Ukyo Katayama's return to Tyrrell after missing the European Grand Prix; resting because of a crash at the Portuguese Grand Prix.[12] Gianni Morbidelli returned the Footwork team replacing Max Papis, while at Pacific, Bertrand Gachot replaced Jean-Denis Délétraz.[13][14]
Practice and qualifying
Two practice sessions were held before the race; the first was held on Friday morning and the second on Saturday morning. Both sessions lasted 1 hour and 45 minutes with weather conditions dry throughout.[15] Schumacher was fastest in the first session, posting a time of 1:16.057, three tenths of a second quicker than Hill and Coulthard, in second and third places respectively. The Ferrari cars were fourth and fifth fastest; Gerhard Berger ahead of Jean Alesi, with McLaren driver Mark Blundell rounding out the top six.[1] Coulthard lapped faster than Schumacher in the second practice session with a time of 1:15.730. Hill was again second in the Williams, three tenths of a second behind Coulthard. Eddie Irvine in the Jordan car was fourth, seven tenths behind Coulthard. He was split by the Ferraris who were third and fifth; Alesi in front of Berger. The Benetton cars disappointed and were sixth and seventh; Schumacher in front of Herbert. Heinz-Harald Frentzen and Jean-Christophe Boullion were eighth and tenth in the Saubers, with Rubens Barrichello in the Jordan ninth, albeit two seconds off the pace.[1]
"For me it was just a case of going out for my last run and trying to do better just in case Michael improved. But it was so close to the end of the session that I had to be out on the circuit; there wasn't time to see if Michael went quicker, then go out and try for a time if he did."
David Coulthard, commenting on wasting a new set of slick tyres at the end of the session.[7]
Coulthard clinched his fourth consecutive pole position, in his Williams, with a time of 1:14.013.[1][16] He was joined on the front row by team-mate Hill, who was two tenths of a second behind.[1] Schumacher was third in the Benetton, with Berger fourth despite going off into the gravel late in the second part of qualifying, held on Saturday afternoon.[17] Berger's team-mate Alesi was fifth, with Irvine completing the top six. Rookie Jan Magnussen qualified 12th, only two positions behind team-mate Blundell.[1]
Race
The conditions for the race were dry with the air temperature 21 degrees celsius.[18] The drivers took to the track at 09:30 JST (GMT +8) for a 30-minute warmup session. Both Williams cars maintained their good performance from qualifying; Coulthard was fastest on a time of 1:16.831. Hill was third in the other Williams car; Jean-Christophe Boullion split them in the Sauber for second position. Olivier Panis completed the top four in a Ligier car, eight tenths of a second behind Hill.[1] Schumacher finished the session in eighth, despite going off the track, damaging his race car in the process.[19] Out of the allocation of seven-sets of slick tyres as set out by the FIA, all the teams had at least three sets of brand new tyres left for the race. Notably, the Williams drivers of Hill and Coulthard only had two sets of brand new tyres left, whereas Schumacher had three sets of brand new tyres left for the race.[7]
The race started at 14:00 JST. Coulthard converted his pole position to lead into the first corner. Hill, who started alongside Coulthard, had a bad start. Schumacher attempted to go around the outside of Hill at the first corner, but Hill held Schumacher off. Both drivers ran off the racing line in the process, allowing Alesi through into second place.[3] At the end of lap one, Coulthard led Alesi by 2.8 seconds, with Hill a further three tenths back. Berger was fourth, with Schumacher demoted to fifth.[20] Bertrand Gachot in the Pacific was the first person to retire from the race with a gearbox problem after completing two laps.[2] Schumacher passed Berger for fourth position on lap 5, and immediately began closing on Hill in third, who himself only a few tenths behind Alesi. Schumacher attempted to pass Hill on lap 11 for third place at the hairpin, but Hill held him off.[1][9] By lap 18, Coulthard had pulled away and was 14 seconds ahead of the group battling for second position.[9] Throughout the race, Barrichello and Magnussen engaged in a battle for tenth and eleventh positions, with Magnussen keeping Barrichello behind until lap 37 when Barrichello managed to overtake Magnussen into the hairpin.[1]
.jpg)
Alesi, Hill and Schumacher all pitted for their first of three stops on lap 18. The Benetton pitcrew made a quick stop for Schumacher, allowing him to get out ahead of Alesi and Hill.[7] Schumacher exited the pit stop in fourth place, with Alesi in seventh place and Hill in ninth place. With Alesi and Hill held up by the slower runners in front, Schumacher pulled away and closed in on Coulthard. Hill and Alesi eventually passed the slower runners including Frentzen and Irvine.[1] Alesi moved past Irvine at the hairpin, but as Hill tried to follow Alesi through, Hill's front wing hit the rear of Irvine's car, causing minor damage.[21] Like Hill, Coulthard was also scheduled to make three stops, but Williams changed the pit strategy for Coulthard to two stops by fuelling him longer at his first stop on lap 24.[7] As a result of a lighter fuel load for Schumacher because of the different strategies, Schumacher began to constantly lap faster than the Englishman.[22]
Schumacher made his second stop on lap 38, coming out the pits just in front of third place Alesi, but over twenty seconds behind Coulthard. Schumacher immediately began setting fastest laps and began to close in on Coulthard once more.[23] Coulthard was further held up by backmarkers, costing him several seconds. Hill managed to move up to third in front of Alesi during their second pit stops. The Ferrari of Alesi dropped further back as team-mate Berger passed him at the hairpin for fourth position.[1] Coulthard made his final stop on lap 49, exiting 14 seconds behind Schumacher, who continued to extend the margin between the two. The German made his third pit stop on lap 60 with a 21 second advantage. He exited four seconds in front of Coulthard to lead the race.[3][24] Schumacher won the race after 83 laps to secure his eighth victory of the season in a time of 1:48:49.972s.[1] The win meant that Schumacher was crowned the 1995 Drivers' Champion.[4] Coulthard finished second in his Williams, 14 seconds behind Schumacher, with team-mate Hill third. The Ferraris of Berger and Alesi were fourth and fifth respectively, with Herbert taking the final point in sixth place for Benetton.[1]
Post-race
After the race, it was revealed that Schumacher endured a downshift problem on the final lap and that there was a problem with the.[3] Schumacher praised his pitcrew for doing a "perfect" first stop which helped him move in front of Alesi and Hill. He also said he "never saw anything like this team and its ability to come up with strategies" and that they they never made "one mistake this season".[9] Off-camera while going through parc fermé, Schumacher and Hill renewed their argument from the Belgian Grand Prix over what degree of blocking was acceptable after their first corner incident.[3] Schumacher told Hill that he was unhappy with Hill's driving throughout the race, most notably during Schumacher's overtaking attempts on lap one and lap eleven. Hill refuted Schumacher's claims, saying:
Michael wasn't happy with what I did a couple of times in the race and he has told me that he is unhappy with my driving. I find that extraordinary. The situation now is that we are completely free to drive as we like as long as it is not deliberately dangerous, So I drove in that style and he didn't like it. He should have no complaints...somehow or other, when we got into the braking area at the end of the back straight I did something wrong. But I can't see what I did wrong. It seems that there is one rule for him and another for everybody else at times. I just think that either you agree to that, and there should be no complaints, or there are rules and you should stick to them. I think that I am a better, stronger driver this year than I was last year and can build on that for next year. Clearly Michael has an advantage over everyone and if I want to win, then I am going to have to overhaul him.[9]
Despite Hill's comments, he endured continued criticism by the British media after the poor performance; there was speculation brewing that Williams were going to replace him with Frentzen for the 1996 season.[25][26] Despite the rumours, Williams team boss Frank Williams gave Hill "an unequivocal vote of confidence" heading into the next race, the Japanese Grand Prix.[27]
During an interview Coulthard, who finished second, revealed that it was his decision to change to a two stop strategy from a three stop strategy, telling the Williams pitcrew to delay his stop. Afterwards, he said that he wished he stayed on a three stop strategy, saying that he wished he could "blame someone else for this decision, because I can't".[9]
Classification
Qualifying
Race
Standings after the race
Note, only the top six positions are included for both sets of standings.
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References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Henry, Alan. Autocourse 1995-96. Hazelton Publishing. pp. p. 214–215. ISBN 978-1874557364.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help); Unknown parameter|origmonth=ignored (help) - ^ a b c "1995 Pacific Grand Prix". The Official Formula 1 Website. Retrieved 2008-04-25.
- ^ a b c d e "Grand Prix Results: Pacific GP, 1995". GrandPrix.com. Inside F1. Retrieved 2007-03-20.
- ^ a b "Schumacher is World Champion". GrandPrix.com. Inside F1. 1995-10-23. Retrieved 2008-03-03.
- ^ "Formula 1 calendar rethink". GrandPrix.com. Inside F1. 1995-02-06. Retrieved 2008-04-26.
- ^ a b "Champion in all but name". GrandPrix.com. Inside F1. 1995-10-16. Retrieved 2008-04-26.
- ^ a b c d e f g Henry, Alan. Autocourse 1995-96. Hazelton Publishing. pp. p. 209. ISBN 978-1874557364.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help); Unknown parameter|origmonth=ignored (help) - ^ "Grand Prix Results: Belgium GP, 1995". GrandPrix.com. Inside F1. Retrieved 2007-03-20.
- ^ a b c d e f Henry, Alan. Autocourse 1995-96. Hazelton Publishing. pp. p. 211. ISBN 978-1874557364.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help); Unknown parameter|origmonth=ignored (help) - ^ Saward, Joe (1995-12-01). "News Feature - 1995 Formula 1 Review". GrandPrix.com. Inside F1. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- ^ "Magnussen impresses for McLaren". GrandPrix.com. Inside F1. 1995-10-23. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- ^ "Tyrrell drive up for grabs". GrandPrix.com. Inside F1. 1995-10-02. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- ^ "1995 > Morbidelli, Gianni". The Official Formula 1 Website. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
- ^ "1995 > Gachot, Bertrand". The Official Formula 1 Website. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
- ^ "Pacific Grand Prix - 95". Gale Force F1. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- ^ "1995 > Coulthard, David". The Official Formula 1 Website. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
- ^ "Pacific Grand Prix: 2nd Qualifying". Gale Force F1. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- ^ Walker, Murray (Commentator). Grand Prix (Television production). London, England: BBC. Event occurs at 03:00–03:15.
Twelve minutes to two at Aida in Japan, the temperature is 21 degrees, the skies are blue and the prospects are absolutely terrific.
{{cite AV media}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Unknown parameter|date2=ignored (help) - ^ Walker, Murray (Commentator). Grand Prix (Television production). London, England: BBC. Event occurs at 13:30–14:00.
And this morning, Michael Schumacher went off the track and damaged his race car tore off the barge board part of the aerodynamics on the left side of the car.
{{cite AV media}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Unknown parameter|date2=ignored (help) - ^ Walker, Murray (Commentator). Grand Prix (Television production). London, England: BBC. Event occurs at 19:15–19:40.
{{cite AV media}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Unknown parameter|date2=ignored (help) Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the end of lap one. - ^ Walker, Murray (Commentator). Grand Prix (Television production). London, England: BBC. Event occurs at 49:15–49:35.
{{cite AV media}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Unknown parameter|date2=ignored (help) Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the end of lap seven. - ^ Walker, Murray (Commentator). Grand Prix (Television production). London, England: BBC. Event occurs at 59:30-01:00:00.
Look at this, David Coulthard has got Michael Schumacher right behind him now, the German is taking great lumps out of Coulthard's lead, it's down to under two seconds.
{{cite AV media}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Unknown parameter|date2=ignored (help) - ^ Walker, Murray (Commentator). Grand Prix (Television production). London, England: BBC. Event occurs at 01:11:45-01:12:00.
{{cite AV media}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Unknown parameter|date2=ignored (help) Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the beginning of lap 40. - ^ Walker, Murray (Commentator). Grand Prix (Television production). London, England: BBC. Event occurs at 01:30:00-01:30:30.
{{cite AV media}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Unknown parameter|date2=ignored (help) Information from on-screen rundown of lead positions at the beginning of lap 60. - ^ Hill, Damon. Damon Hill: My Championship Year. Little, Brown and Company. pp. p. 163–168. ISBN 0-316-87976-2.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help); Unknown parameter|origmonth=ignored (help) - ^ Tremayne, David. Damon Hill World Champion: The Triumphant Story of a British Sporting Hero. Parragon. pp. p. 65. ISBN 0-7525-2013-X.
The nadir of Hill's 1995 season was Suzuka, where the atmosphere within the Williams camp was acrid, and where he crashed out of the race. It was here, it is rumoured, that Frank Williams resolved to employ Frentzen at the earliest opportunity.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help) - ^ Henry, Alan. Autocourse 1995-96. Hazelton Publishing. pp. p. 218. ISBN 978-1874557364.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help); Unknown parameter|origmonth=ignored (help)
[[{{{1}}} {{{2}}} Grand Prix|{{{2}}} Grand Prix]]