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The '''Acland Hospital''' (also previously known as the '''Acland Nursing Home''' |
The '''Acland Hospital''' (also previously known as the '''Acland Nursing Home''', '''Acland Home''' and the '''Sarah Acland Home for Nurses''') was a private [[nursing home]] and [[hospital]] in central [[North Oxford]], [[England]], located in a prominent position at the southern end of the [[Banbury Road]]. |
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==Foundation and history== |
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===1878-1903=== |
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It was founded in memory of Sarah Acland (wife of the [[Oxford University|Oxford]] academic and physician Sir [[Henry Acland]]) who died on 25 October 1878,<ref>{{cite book | last =Stephen | first =Leslie | coauthors =Sidney Lee | title =Dictionary of National Biography | publisher =The Macmillan Company | date =1901 | location =New York | pages =Volume I., Abbott-Childers, Page 12}}</ref> as the Sarah Acland Home for Nurses.<ref name="medico">{{cite book |
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| last =Medical and Chirurgical Society of London | title =Medico-chirurgical Transactions | publisher =Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme | date =1901 | pages =cxxi | id = v. 84, 1901 }}</ref> After Sarah Acland's death her friends decided that an instituion for nurses would be an appropriate way to memorialize her, and they solicited donations and collected [[Great British Pound|GBP]]4,000 from members of the community.<ref name="atlay">{{cite book | last =Atlay | first =James Beresford | coauthors =Henry Wentworth Acland | title =Sir Henry Wentworth Acland, Bart., K.C.B., F.R.S., Regius Professor of Medicine in the University of Oxford: A Memoir | publisher =Smith, Elder & co | date =1903 | pages =393-394, 491 }}</ref> Work began quickly and a district nurse associated with the new institution was out working in the field a few weeks after the project began.<ref name="atlay" /> In 1879 a meeting was held announcing the "Sarah Acland Institution for Nurses", which was initially situated at 37 [[Wellington Square, Oxford]] and was supervised by Mrs. Rutherford Smith.<ref name="atlay" /> The new buildings for the Sarah Acland Home were opened on May 12, 1879 by then-[[Prince of Wales]] and later [[King of the United Kingdom]], [[George V of the United Kingdom|George V]].<ref>{{cite book | last =Paget | first =Stephen | coauthors =John Macleod Campbell Crum | title =Francis Paget: Bishop of Oxford, Chancellor of the Order of the Garter, Honorary Student and Sometime Dean of Christ Church | publisher =Macmillan and Co., Limited | date =1913 | location =St. Martin's Street, London | pages =154| quote=On May 12th, 1897, His Majesty the late King, then Prince of Wales, visited Oxford; and opened the new Municipal Buildings, and the Sarah Acland Nursing Home.}}</ref><ref name="alden">{{cite book | last =Alden | first =Edward C. | title =Alden's Oxford Guide | publisher =Alden & Co., Ltd | date =1904 | location =Oxford | pages =92|quote=Sarah Acland Home, an institution founded to provide a Home for Nurses and medical and surgical patients, as a memorial to the wife of the late Sir H. Acland. The new buildings were opened on 12th May, 1879, by the King, then Prince of Wales. They originated in a fund raised as a testimonial to the late Sir Henry Acland on his resignation of the Regius Professorship of Medicine, special donations having since been contributed.}}</ref> In her 1893 [[autobiography]] ''Recollections of Life and Work'', Louisa Twining noted that the facility provided "a most urgent need in the city".<ref>{{cite book | last =Twining | first =Louisa | title =Recollections of Life and Work: Being the Autobiography of Louisa Twining | publisher =Edward Arnold | date =1893 | location =London | pages =238 }}</ref> The 1984 book ''The History of the University of Oxford'' lists the official foundation of the Acland Nursing Home as 1882, and describes it as a "leading institution" of Oxford, which had close ties to Oxford University.<ref>{{cite book | last =Aston |
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| first =Trevor Henry | coauthors =Michael Brock, Mark C. Curthoys | title =The History of the University of Oxford | publisher =[[Oxford University Press]] | date =1984 | pages =453 | isbn = 0199510164}}</ref> A new wing of the hospital was opened in October 1906 which contained [[operating room]]s and sterilization equipment, and the [[Alexandra of Denmark|Queen]] sent a congratulatory letter to the Regius Professor of Medicine at Oxford, Dr. Osler.<ref>{{cite book | last =The Medical Press | title =Medical Press and Circular - A Weekly Journal of Medicine and Medical Affairs | date =1906 | location =London | pages ="Medical News in Brief", October 17, 1906, Pages 405, 426}}</ref> |
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Sir Henry Acland retired from his [[Regius Professorship]] at Oxford in 1894, and he apportioned a large percentage of a GPB3,000 testimonial to the Home for Nurses for expansion.<ref name="medico" /> In 1895 the hospital functioned as "an institution that provides district nurses and medical appliances for the poor, and maintains private nurses and a medical and surgical home to which patients unable to afford the ordinary fees are admitted on a reduced scale of charge."<ref>{{cite book | last =Gould | first =George M. (Editor) | title =The Medical News - A Weekly Medical Journal | publisher =Lea Brothers & Co | date =1895 | location =Philadelphia | pages =84 }}</ref> Writing in ''Sir Henry Wentworth Acland, Bart., K.C.B., F.R.S., Regius Professor of Medicine in the University of Oxford: A Memoir'' which was published after Sir Henry Acland's death, co-author James Beresford Atlay commented that Acland would have been pleased with the way the institution had flourished from 1879 to 1903: "Dr. Acland ... had had daily evidence of the misery suffered by the rich and poor alike in the absence of trained nursing. The memorial to his wife could have assumed no form more acceptable to him."<ref name="atlay" /> Atlay wrote in the 1903 work: "The 'Sarah Acland Home' is now one of the most flourishing and valued institutions in Oxford. So great is its usefulness, so indispensable do its nurses seem, that one marvels how the town or the University had existed without it."<ref name="atlay" /> |
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== Architecture == |
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===1903-2004=== |
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The Acland Home was originally designed by a leading architect of the time, Sir [[Thomas Graham Jackson]], in [[1897]].<ref>Sherwood, Jennifer, and [[Nikolaus Pevsner|Pevsner, Nikolaus]], ''The Buildings of England: [[Oxfordshire]]'', [[Penguin Books]], 1974. ISBN 0-14-0710-45-0. Pages 59 and 317.</ref> In [[1937]], a [[neo-Georgian]] frontage was added by [[R. Fielding Dodd]]. |
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| ⚫ | Writer [[Mary Renault]] worked at the hospital in 1943.<ref>{{cite book | last =Zilboorg | first =Caroline | title =The Masks of Mary Renault: A Literary Biography | publisher =University of Missouri Press | date =2001 | pages =98 | isbn = 0826213227}}</ref> Poet [[John Betjeman]] had a cyst removed at the Acland in August 1945.<ref name="peterson">Peterson, William S., ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=2wLNathQPNgC John Betjeman: A Bibliography]'', [[Oxford University Press]], 2006. ISBN 0198184034. Page 394.</ref> Author [[C. S. Lewis]] entered the Acland on 15 July 1963 and suffered a [[heart attack]] there.<ref name="lewis">Lewis, C. S., ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=2p5tNeyghBQC Letters to an American Lady]''. William B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1978. ISBN 080281428X. Page 123.</ref> [[J. R. R. Tolkien]] visited him there when he was convalescing.<ref>{{cite book | last =White | first =Michael | title =C.S. Lewis: Creator of Narnia | publisher =Carroll & Graf Publishers | date =2005 | pages =207-208 | isbn =0786716118 }}</ref> |
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According to ''The Victoria History of Oxford'', the Acland Nursing Home was the "only hospital in Oxford which did not join the National Health Service in 1948".<ref>{{cite book | last =Salzman | first =Louis Francis | coauthors =University of London Institute of Historical Research | title =The Victoria History of Oxford | publisher =Published for University of London, Institute of Historical Research by Oxford University Press | date =1979 | pages =Volume 4., Page 362 }}</ref> The Acland Home was renamed as the Acland Hospital in 1964.<ref name="hibbert" /> |
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| ⚫ | To the south is another building by Jackson, originally the location of the [[Oxford High School for Girls]] and later an annexe of the [[Department of Materials, University of Oxford|Oxford University Department of Metallurgy]] (now the Department of Materials). These are two of the few buildings in North Oxford designed by Jackson.<ref |
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In a 2003 review of Oxford hospitals in ''[[The Sunday Times]]'', the reviewer commented: "The hospital misses out narrowly on more of our quality awards for its diagnostic services and physiotherapy."<ref>{{cite news | last =Staff | title =Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals NHS Trust; Good Hospital Guide | work =[[The Sunday Times]] | page =48 | date =April 6, 2003 }}</ref> In 2004, ''The Sunday Times'' reported that the Acland Hospital had 36 beds, and consultants in 44 specialties.<ref name="southeasthospitals">{{cite news | last =Staff | title =Southeast hospitals; Trusts N-Z | work =[[The Sunday Times]] | page =42 | date =May 16, 2004 }}</ref> The Banbury Road site was sold to [[Keble College, Oxford|Keble College]] in 2004,<ref>[http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/po/news/2003-04/jul/21.shtml Keble College purchases the Acland Hospital Site], 21 July 2004.</ref> and the hospital moved to [[Headington]] on a site adjoining the [[John Radcliffe Hospital]], a suburb in east [[Oxford]], when it was renamed '''The Manor Hospital'''.<ref>[http://www.nuffieldhospitals.org.uk/az_hospital_home.asp?hid=48 Homepage of The Manor Hospital], part of Nuffield Hospital Oxford.</ref> The Manor Hospital site was formerly the grounds of the [[Oxford United Football Club]] (OUFC).<ref>{{cite news | last =Rae | first =Richard | title =Chelsea suffer Oxford blues; Football | work =[[The Sunday Times]] | page =12 | date =July 18, 2004 }}</ref> The Manor Hospital has 71 rooms, an [[intensive care unit]] with seven beds, six operating theatres, and [[CT]] and [[MRI]] scanners.<ref name="southeasthospitals" /> |
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To the north are two [[Queen Anne Style architecture|Queen Anne style]] houses, designed by [[J. J. Stevenson]] in 1880–1. |
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== |
== Architecture == |
||
The Acland Home was originally designed by a leading architect of the time, Sir [[Thomas Graham Jackson]], in [[1897]].<ref>Sherwood, Jennifer, and [[Nikolaus Pevsner|Pevsner, Nikolaus]], ''The Buildings of England: [[Oxfordshire]]'', [[Penguin Books]], 1974. ISBN 0-14-0710-45-0. Pages 59 and 317.</ref><ref name="tanis">{{cite book | last =Hinchcliffe | first =Tanis | title =North Oxford | publisher =Yale University Press | date =1992 | pages =154 | isbn = 0300051840}}</ref> In his 1899 work ''The Cathedral Church of Oxford'', Percy Dearmer described the building as a "medallion in statuary marble, set in giallo antico".<ref>{{cite book | last =Dearmer | first =Percy | title =The Cathedral Church of Oxford: A Description of its Fabric and a Brief History of the Episcopal See | publisher =George Bell and Sons | date =1899 | location =London | pages =82 }}</ref> In [[1937]], a [[neo-Georgian]] frontage was added by [[R. Fielding Dodd]].<ref name="hibbert">{{cite book | last =Hibbert | first =Christopher | coauthors =Edward Hibbert | title =The Encyclopaedia of Oxford | publisher =Macmillan | date =1988 | pages =6 | isbn =033339917X }}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | To the south is another building by Jackson, originally the location of the [[Oxford High School for Girls]] and later an annexe of the [[Department of Materials, University of Oxford|Oxford University Department of Metallurgy]] (now the Department of Materials). These are two of the few buildings in North Oxford designed by Jackson.<ref name="tanis" /> His other notable buildings in Oxford include [[Hertford College, Oxford|Hertford College]] (including the [[Bridge of Sighs (Oxford)|Bridge of Sighs]]) amongst other college buildings, the [[Radcliffe Science Library]], the [[Examination Schools]] and the [[cricket pavilion]] in the [[University Parks]]. To the north are two [[Queen Anne Style architecture|Queen Anne style]] houses, designed by [[J. J. Stevenson]] in 1880–1. |
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In 2004, the Banbury Road site was sold to [[Keble College, Oxford|Keble College]]<ref>[http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/po/news/2003-04/jul/21.shtml Keble College purchases the Acland Hospital Site], 21 July 2004.</ref> and the hospital moved to [[Headington]] on a site adjoining the [[John Radcliffe Hospital]], a suburb in east [[Oxford]], when it was renamed '''The Manor Hospital'''.<ref>[http://www.nuffieldhospitals.org.uk/az_hospital_home.asp?hid=48 Homepage of The Manor Hospital], part of Nuffield Hospital Oxford.</ref> The site was formerly the site of [[Oxford United Football Club]] before "OUFC" moved to the [[Kassam Stadium]], after much local controversy, in 2001. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 04:52, 12 September 2008
An editor has nominated this article for deletion. You are welcome to participate in the deletion discussion, which will decide whether or not to retain it. |
The Acland Hospital (also previously known as the Acland Nursing Home, Acland Home and the Sarah Acland Home for Nurses) was a private nursing home and hospital in central North Oxford, England, located in a prominent position at the southern end of the Banbury Road.
Foundation and history
1878-1903
It was founded in memory of Sarah Acland (wife of the Oxford academic and physician Sir Henry Acland) who died on 25 October 1878,[1] as the Sarah Acland Home for Nurses.[2] After Sarah Acland's death her friends decided that an instituion for nurses would be an appropriate way to memorialize her, and they solicited donations and collected GBP4,000 from members of the community.[3] Work began quickly and a district nurse associated with the new institution was out working in the field a few weeks after the project began.[3] In 1879 a meeting was held announcing the "Sarah Acland Institution for Nurses", which was initially situated at 37 Wellington Square, Oxford and was supervised by Mrs. Rutherford Smith.[3] The new buildings for the Sarah Acland Home were opened on May 12, 1879 by then-Prince of Wales and later King of the United Kingdom, George V.[4][5] In her 1893 autobiography Recollections of Life and Work, Louisa Twining noted that the facility provided "a most urgent need in the city".[6] The 1984 book The History of the University of Oxford lists the official foundation of the Acland Nursing Home as 1882, and describes it as a "leading institution" of Oxford, which had close ties to Oxford University.[7] A new wing of the hospital was opened in October 1906 which contained operating rooms and sterilization equipment, and the Queen sent a congratulatory letter to the Regius Professor of Medicine at Oxford, Dr. Osler.[8]
Sir Henry Acland retired from his Regius Professorship at Oxford in 1894, and he apportioned a large percentage of a GPB3,000 testimonial to the Home for Nurses for expansion.[2] In 1895 the hospital functioned as "an institution that provides district nurses and medical appliances for the poor, and maintains private nurses and a medical and surgical home to which patients unable to afford the ordinary fees are admitted on a reduced scale of charge."[9] Writing in Sir Henry Wentworth Acland, Bart., K.C.B., F.R.S., Regius Professor of Medicine in the University of Oxford: A Memoir which was published after Sir Henry Acland's death, co-author James Beresford Atlay commented that Acland would have been pleased with the way the institution had flourished from 1879 to 1903: "Dr. Acland ... had had daily evidence of the misery suffered by the rich and poor alike in the absence of trained nursing. The memorial to his wife could have assumed no form more acceptable to him."[3] Atlay wrote in the 1903 work: "The 'Sarah Acland Home' is now one of the most flourishing and valued institutions in Oxford. So great is its usefulness, so indispensable do its nurses seem, that one marvels how the town or the University had existed without it."[3]
1903-2004
Writer Mary Renault worked at the hospital in 1943.[10] Poet John Betjeman had a cyst removed at the Acland in August 1945.[11] Author C. S. Lewis entered the Acland on 15 July 1963 and suffered a heart attack there.[12] J. R. R. Tolkien visited him there when he was convalescing.[13]
According to The Victoria History of Oxford, the Acland Nursing Home was the "only hospital in Oxford which did not join the National Health Service in 1948".[14] The Acland Home was renamed as the Acland Hospital in 1964.[15]
In a 2003 review of Oxford hospitals in The Sunday Times, the reviewer commented: "The hospital misses out narrowly on more of our quality awards for its diagnostic services and physiotherapy."[16] In 2004, The Sunday Times reported that the Acland Hospital had 36 beds, and consultants in 44 specialties.[17] The Banbury Road site was sold to Keble College in 2004,[18] and the hospital moved to Headington on a site adjoining the John Radcliffe Hospital, a suburb in east Oxford, when it was renamed The Manor Hospital.[19] The Manor Hospital site was formerly the grounds of the Oxford United Football Club (OUFC).[20] The Manor Hospital has 71 rooms, an intensive care unit with seven beds, six operating theatres, and CT and MRI scanners.[17]
Architecture
The Acland Home was originally designed by a leading architect of the time, Sir Thomas Graham Jackson, in 1897.[21][22] In his 1899 work The Cathedral Church of Oxford, Percy Dearmer described the building as a "medallion in statuary marble, set in giallo antico".[23] In 1937, a neo-Georgian frontage was added by R. Fielding Dodd.[15]
To the south is another building by Jackson, originally the location of the Oxford High School for Girls and later an annexe of the Oxford University Department of Metallurgy (now the Department of Materials). These are two of the few buildings in North Oxford designed by Jackson.[22] His other notable buildings in Oxford include Hertford College (including the Bridge of Sighs) amongst other college buildings, the Radcliffe Science Library, the Examination Schools and the cricket pavilion in the University Parks. To the north are two Queen Anne style houses, designed by J. J. Stevenson in 1880–1.
References
- ^ Stephen, Leslie (1901). Dictionary of National Biography. New York: The Macmillan Company. pp. Volume I., Abbott–Childers, Page 12.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Medical and Chirurgical Society of London (1901). Medico-chirurgical Transactions. Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme. pp. cxxi. v. 84, 1901.
- ^ a b c d e Atlay, James Beresford (1903). Sir Henry Wentworth Acland, Bart., K.C.B., F.R.S., Regius Professor of Medicine in the University of Oxford: A Memoir. Smith, Elder & co. pp. 393–394, 491.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Paget, Stephen (1913). Francis Paget: Bishop of Oxford, Chancellor of the Order of the Garter, Honorary Student and Sometime Dean of Christ Church. St. Martin's Street, London: Macmillan and Co., Limited. p. 154.
On May 12th, 1897, His Majesty the late King, then Prince of Wales, visited Oxford; and opened the new Municipal Buildings, and the Sarah Acland Nursing Home.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Alden, Edward C. (1904). Alden's Oxford Guide. Oxford: Alden & Co., Ltd. p. 92.
Sarah Acland Home, an institution founded to provide a Home for Nurses and medical and surgical patients, as a memorial to the wife of the late Sir H. Acland. The new buildings were opened on 12th May, 1879, by the King, then Prince of Wales. They originated in a fund raised as a testimonial to the late Sir Henry Acland on his resignation of the Regius Professorship of Medicine, special donations having since been contributed.
- ^ Twining, Louisa (1893). Recollections of Life and Work: Being the Autobiography of Louisa Twining. London: Edward Arnold. p. 238.
- ^ Aston, Trevor Henry (1984). The History of the University of Oxford. Oxford University Press. p. 453. ISBN 0199510164.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ The Medical Press (1906). Medical Press and Circular - A Weekly Journal of Medicine and Medical Affairs. London. pp. "Medical News in Brief", October 17, 1906, Pages 405, 426.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Gould, George M. (Editor) (1895). The Medical News - A Weekly Medical Journal. Philadelphia: Lea Brothers & Co. p. 84.
{{cite book}}:|first=has generic name (help) - ^ Zilboorg, Caroline (2001). The Masks of Mary Renault: A Literary Biography. University of Missouri Press. p. 98. ISBN 0826213227.
- ^ Peterson, William S., John Betjeman: A Bibliography, Oxford University Press, 2006. ISBN 0198184034. Page 394.
- ^ Lewis, C. S., Letters to an American Lady. William B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1978. ISBN 080281428X. Page 123.
- ^ White, Michael (2005). C.S. Lewis: Creator of Narnia. Carroll & Graf Publishers. pp. 207–208. ISBN 0786716118.
- ^ Salzman, Louis Francis (1979). The Victoria History of Oxford. Published for University of London, Institute of Historical Research by Oxford University Press. pp. Volume 4., Page 362.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Hibbert, Christopher (1988). The Encyclopaedia of Oxford. Macmillan. p. 6. ISBN 033339917X.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Staff (April 6, 2003). "Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals NHS Trust; Good Hospital Guide". The Sunday Times. p. 48.
- ^ a b Staff (May 16, 2004). "Southeast hospitals; Trusts N-Z". The Sunday Times. p. 42.
- ^ Keble College purchases the Acland Hospital Site, 21 July 2004.
- ^ Homepage of The Manor Hospital, part of Nuffield Hospital Oxford.
- ^ Rae, Richard (July 18, 2004). "Chelsea suffer Oxford blues; Football". The Sunday Times. p. 12.
- ^ Sherwood, Jennifer, and Pevsner, Nikolaus, The Buildings of England: Oxfordshire, Penguin Books, 1974. ISBN 0-14-0710-45-0. Pages 59 and 317.
- ^ a b Hinchcliffe, Tanis (1992). North Oxford. Yale University Press. p. 154. ISBN 0300051840.
- ^ Dearmer, Percy (1899). The Cathedral Church of Oxford: A Description of its Fabric and a Brief History of the Episcopal See. London: George Bell and Sons. p. 82.