S-200 (bioremediation): Difference between revisions
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'''Oil Gone Easy S-200''' is the retail name of '''S-200''', a [[bioremediation]] product used to clean up [[oil spill]]s. The product contains an oleophilic super nutrient that attracts microorganisms in the local environment which convert [[Hydrocarbon|hydrocarbons]] (such as oil and fuel) into water and other harmless byproducts. S-200 has been tested on a beach that had been affected by the [[Prestige oil spill]] off the coast of Spain in 2002, and shown to enhance the biodegradation rate of specific compounds, but without conclusion as to whether it improved the visible aspect of the beach, detached stuck oil, or reduced weathered oil. |
'''Oil Gone Easy S-200''' is the retail name of '''S-200''', a [[bioremediation]] product used to clean up [[oil spill]]s. The product contains an oleophilic super nutrient that attracts microorganisms in the local environment which convert [[Hydrocarbon|hydrocarbons]] (such as oil and fuel) into water and other harmless byproducts. S-200 has been tested on a beach that had been affected by the [[Prestige oil spill]] off the coast of Spain in 2002, and shown to enhance the biodegradation rate of specific compounds, but without conclusion as to whether it improved the visible aspect of the beach, detached stuck oil, or reduced weathered oil. |
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The product was developed by International Environmental Products which has been working since 2000 to improve the bioremediation treatments used to clean up oil pollution.<ref name="iep">{{cite web|url=http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/133401958.html|title=IEP Develops cost-effective oil pollution treatment|date=July 1, 2005|publisher=Industrial Environment|accessdate=2009-05-03}}</ref> |
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==Field tests== |
==Field tests== |
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Revision as of 23:44, 13 June 2009
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Oil Gone Easy S-200 is the retail name of S-200, a bioremediation product used to clean up oil spills. The product contains an oleophilic super nutrient that attracts microorganisms in the local environment which convert hydrocarbons (such as oil and fuel) into water and other harmless byproducts. S-200 has been tested on a beach that had been affected by the Prestige oil spill off the coast of Spain in 2002, and shown to enhance the biodegradation rate of specific compounds, but without conclusion as to whether it improved the visible aspect of the beach, detached stuck oil, or reduced weathered oil.
The product was developed by International Environmental Products which has been working since 2000 to improve the bioremediation treatments used to clean up oil pollution.[1]
Field tests
In 2006, a field bioremediation assay was conducted by the Department of Microbiology, University of Barcelona on the use of S-200 ten months after the Prestige heavy fuel-oil spill on a beach of the Cantabrian coast in northern Spain. The field survey indicated that S-200 enhanced the biodegradation rate, particularly of high molecular weight n-alkanes, alkylcyclohexanes, and benzenes, and alkylated PAHs. The most significant molecular bioremediation indicators were the depletion of diasteranes and C-27 sterane components.[2]
However, the study was confined to analysis of specific compounds, and did not report whether the application of S-200 caused a decrease in the amount of weathered oil, the detachment of any oil that had been stuck, or any improvement to the visible appearance of the beach.[3]
In 2006, other researchers summarized the findings of experiments on Prestige-affected coastal areas, concluding that oloephilic fertilizers such as S-200 were of "limited effectiveness".[4]
A 2007 test by researchers at the Technical University of Crete comparing a control to treatment by S-200 and treatment by uric acid and lecithin found that the hydrocarbon degredation in a period of 7 days was greater with the uric acid and lecithin treatment than it was with the S-200 treatment and the control.[5]
Usage
S-200 usually comes in the form of a white liquid that can be sprayed on oil spills. A ratio of 1:1 in terms of mass is usually used when spraying. For example, if the weight of the spill is estimated to be 1 kg, then the amount of liquid that needs to be sprayed is 1 kg. Experts recommend that the oil spill be contained and cleaned up as far as possible before use on spills. Since S-200 makes use of local bacteria, the product does not have any environmental side effects.
References
- ^ "IEP Develops cost-effective oil pollution treatment". Industrial Environment. July 1, 2005. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
- ^ Núria Jiménez, Marc Viñas, Jordi Sabaté, Sergi Díez, Josep M. Bayona, Anna M. Solanas, and Joan Albaiges (2006). "The Prestige Oil Spill. 2. Enhanced Biodegradation of a Heavy Fuel Oil under Field Conditions by the Use of an Oleophilic Fertilizer". Environmental science & technology. 40 (8). American Chemical Society: 2578–2585. doi:10.1021/es052370z. Retrieved 2009-05-03.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ P. Fernández-Álvarez, J. Vila, J.M. Garrido, M. Grifoll, G. Feijoo, and J.M. Lema (2007). "Evaluation of biodiesel as bioremediation agent for the treatment of the shore affected by the heavy oil spill of the Prestige" (PDF). Journal of Hazardous Materials. 147: 920.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ J.R. Gallego, E. Gonzalez-Rojas, A. I. Pelaez, J. Sanchez, M. J. Garcia-Martinez, and J. F. Llamas. "Effectiveness of bioremediation for the Prestige fuel spill: A summary of case studies". Advanced Technology in the Environmental Field: Second IASTED International Conference Proceedings. February 6–8, 2006; Lanzarote, Spain.
{{cite conference}}: Unknown parameter|booktitle=ignored (|book-title=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ M. Nikolopoulou, N. Pasadakis, N. Kalogerakis (2007-06-10). "Enhanced bioremediation of crude oil utilizing lipophilic fertilizers". Desalination. 211 (1–3): 286–295. doi:10.1016/j.desal.2006.02.095.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Further reading
- J.R. Gallego, J.R. Fernández, F. Díez-Sanz, S. Ordoñez, H. Sastre, E. González-Rojas, Ana I. Peláez, and J. Sánchez (May 2007). "Bioremediation for Shoreline Cleanup: In Situ vs. On-Site Treatments". Environmental Engineering Science. 24 (4). doi:10.1089/ees.2006.0091.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|pges=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Myriam Sanna, Magdalena Grifoll, and José Julio Ortega (2007). "Biodegradation of PAHs at solid/water and organic-liquid/water interfaces: Influence of an oleophilic fertilizer" (Microsoft Word). VERTIMAR-2007 Symposium on Marine Accidental Oil Spills, Vigo, Spain, June 5–8 2007.
{{cite conference}}: Unknown parameter|booktitle=ignored (|book-title=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Núria JIMÉNEZ, Sergi DÍEZ, Jordi SABATÉ, Marc VIÑAS, Josep M. BAYONA, Joan ALBAIGÉS, and Anna M. SOLANAS (2005). "Enhanced biodegradation of fuel from the Prestige: in vitro and field assays" (Microsoft Word). VERTIMAR-2005 Symposium on Marine Accidental Oil Spills, Vigo, Spain, July 13–16 2005.
{{cite conference}}: Unknown parameter|booktitle=ignored (|book-title=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) — also available as:- Núria Jiménez, Sergi Díez, Jordi Sabaté, Marc Viñas, Josep M. Bayona, Joan Albaigés, and Anna M. Solanas (2005). "Enhanced biodegradation of the Prestige fuel oil: laboratory and field observations" (PDF). Theme Session S: Oil Spills in Marine Ecosystems: Impacts and Remediation. ICES CM 2005/S:15.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Núria Jiménez, Sergi Díez, Jordi Sabaté, Marc Viñas, Josep M. Bayona, Joan Albaigés, and Anna M. Solanas (2005). "Enhanced biodegradation of the Prestige fuel oil: laboratory and field observations" (PDF). Theme Session S: Oil Spills in Marine Ecosystems: Impacts and Remediation. ICES CM 2005/S:15.