Johannes Cocceius

Woodcut of Johannes Cocceius

Johannes Cocceius (or Coccejus) (August 9, 1603 – November 4, 1669), Dutch theologian, was born at Bremen.

Life

After studying at Hamburg and the University of Franeker, where Sixtinus Amama was one of his teachers, he became in 1630 professor of biblical philology at the Gymnasium illustre in his native town. In 1636 he was transferred to Franeker, where he held the chair of Hebrew, and from 1643 the chair of theology also, until 1650, when he succeeded the elder Friedrich Spanheim as professor of theology at the University of Leiden.

His chief services as an oriental scholar were in the department of Hebrew philology and exegesis. As one of the leading exponents of the covenant or federal theology, he spiritualized the Hebrew scriptures to such an extent that it was said that Cocceius found Christ everywhere in the Old Testament and Hugo Grotius found him nowhere.

He taught that before as much as after the fall of man, the relation between God and man was a covenant. The first covenant was a Covenant of Works. For this was substituted, after the Fall, the Covenant of Grace, necessitating the coming of Jesus for its fulfillment. He held millenarian views, and was the founder of a school of theologians who were called Cocceians. His most distinguished pupil was Campeius Vitringa.

Works

His theology was founded entirely on the Bible, and he encouraged the study of the original text. In one of his essays he contends that the observance of the Sabbath, though expedient, is not binding upon Christians, since it was a Jewish institution.

His major was his Lexicon et commentarius sermonis hebraici et chaldaici (Leiden, 1669), which has been frequently republished. His theology is fully expounded in his Summa Doctrinae de Foedere et Testamento Dei (1648). As an exponent of federal theology he was tacitly influenced by his teachers in Bremen, Matthias Martinius and Ludwig Crocius.

His collected works were published in 12 folio volumes (Amsterdam, 1673-1675).

See also

• Sybilline oracles

References

• This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

Literature

• Heiner Faulenbach: Coccejus, Johannes. In: Theologische Realenzyklopädie 8 (1981), pp. 132-140.
• Reinhard Breymayer: Auktionskataloge deutscher Pietistenbibliotheken. Die beiden neuentdeckten Auktionskataloge für die Privatbibliothek des Vorpietisten Johannes Coccejus, des bedeutendsten reformierten Theologen des 17. Jahrhunderts. [...] In: Bücherkataloge als buchgeschichtliche Quellen in der frühen Neuzeit. Ed. by Reinhard Wittmann. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1985 (Wolfenbütteler Schriften zur Geschichte des Buchwesens, vol. 10), pp. 113-208.

External links

• Works of Cocceius at the Post-Reformation Digital Library

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