Jump to content

Human cannibalism: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Reverted edits by 38.100.109.4 to last version by ClueBot NG (GLOO)
Warewolph (talk | contribs)
17 edits
m Shia LaBoeuf
Line 1: Line 1:
Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf
{{about||non-human cannibalism|Cannibalism (zoology)|other uses|Cannibal (disambiguation)}}
[[File:Cannibals.23232.jpg|thumb|right|300px|alt=Woodcut showing 12 people holding various human body parts carousing around an open bonfire where human body parts, suspended on a sling, are cooking.|Cannibalism, Brazil. Engraving by [[Theodor de Bry]] for [[Hans Staden]]'s account of his 1557 captivity.]]

'''Cannibalism''' (from ''Caníbales'', the Spanish name for the [[Carib people]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cannibalism?r=66 |title=Cannibalism Definition |publisher=Dictionary.com}}</ref> a West Indies tribe formerly well known for their practice of cannibalism<ref>"[http://www.britannica.com/eb/topic-92701/cannibalism Cannibalism (human behaviour)]", Encyclopædia Britannica.</ref>) is the act or practice of [[human]]s eating the flesh of other human beings. It is also called ''anthropophagy''. A person who practices cannibalism is called a '''cannibal'''.

While the expression "cannibalism" has origins in the act of humans eating other humans, it has extended into [[zoology]] to mean [[cannibalism (zoology)|the act of any animal consuming members of its own type or kind]], including the [[sexual cannibalism|consumption of mates]].

A related word, "cannibalize" (from which "[[Cannibalization of machine parts|cannibalization]]" is derived), has several meanings which are [[metaphor]]ically derived from cannibalism and originally referred to the reuse of military parts.<ref>[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=cannibalize Cannibalize in On-line Etymological Dictionary]</ref> In [[manufacturing]], it can refer to reuse of salvageable parts. In [[marketing]], it may refer to the loss of a product's [[market share]] to another product from the same company. In [[publishing]], it can mean drawing on material from another source.<ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cannibalization Cannibalization - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

Cannibalism was widespread in the past among humans in many parts of the world, continuing into the 19th century in some isolated [[Australasia|South Pacific]] cultures, and to the present day in parts of tropical Africa. In a few cases in insular [[Melanesia]], indigenous flesh-markets existed.<ref>''[http://books.google.com/books?id=YM18gG16Z7YC&pg=PA104&dq&hl=en#v=onepage&q=&f=false From primitive to postcolonial in Melanesia and anthropology]''. Bruce M. Knauft (1999). [[University of Michigan Press]]. p. 104. ISBN 0472066870</ref> [[Fiji]] was once known as the 'Cannibal Isles'.<ref>Peggy Reeves Sanday. "''[http://books.google.com/books?id=SYW6EzB9rYkC&pg=PA151&dq=&hl=en#v=onepage&q=&f=false Divine hunger: cannibalism as a cultural system]''".</ref> Cannibalism has been well documented around the world, from Fiji to the [[Amazon Basin]] to the [[Congo Basin|Congo]] to Māori [[New Zealand]].<ref name="history">{{Cite book
| last = Rubinstein
| first = W. D.
| title = Genocide: a history
| url = http://books.google.com/books?id=nMMAk4VwLLwC&pg=PA17&dq#v=onepage&q=&f=false
| publisher = Pearson Education
| year = 2004
| pages = 17–18
| isbn = 0582506018 }}
</ref> [[Neanderthal]]s are believed to have practiced cannibalism,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/286/5437/18b?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=Archaeologists+Rediscover+Cannibals&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT |title=Neanderthals Were Cannibals, Bones Show |doi=10.1126/science.286.5437.18b |publisher=Sciencemag.org |date=1999-10-01 |accessdate=2009-08-30|last1=Culotta|first1=E.|journal=Science|volume=286|issue=5437|pages=18b|ref=harv}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/277/5326/635?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=Archaeologists+Rediscover+Cannibals&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&resourcetype=HWCIT |title=Archaeologists Rediscover Cannibals |doi=10.1126/science.277.5326.635 |publisher=Sciencemag.org |date=1997-08-01 |accessdate=2009-08-30|last1=Gibbons|first1=A.|journal=Science|volume=277|issue=5326|pages=635–7|pmid=9254427|ref=harv}}</ref> and they may have been eaten by modern humans.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Robin |last=McKie |date=17 May 2009 |title=How Neanderthals met a grisly fate: devoured by humans |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2009/may/17/neanderthals-cannibalism-anthropological-sciences-journal |work=[[The Observer]] |accessdate=18 May 2009 | location=London}}</ref>

Cannibalism has recently been both practiced and fiercely condemned in several wars, especially in Liberia<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zmrkTi3EHqk Cannibalism in Liberia war] - Seen in front of camera and commander boasts about it</ref> and Congo.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2661365.stm|title=UN condemns DR Congo cannibalism|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=January 15, 2003|accessdate=2011-10-29}}</ref> Today, the [[Korowai]] are one of very few tribes still believed to eat human flesh as a cultural practice.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/cannibals.html |title=Sleeping with Cannibals &#124; Travel &#124; Smithsonian Magazine |publisher=Smithsonianmag.com |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref><ref name="britannica cannibalism">{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/92701/cannibalism |title=cannibalism (human behaviour) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia |publisher=Britannica.com |date= |accessdate=2009-10-24}}</ref> It is also still known to be practiced as a ritual and in war in various [[Melanesians|Melanesian tribes]].<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DeVovHw1RY&feature=fvsr A cannibal-practising tribe] by the [[BBC]] recorded on [[YouTube]]</ref> Historically, allegations of cannibalism were used by the [[colonial powers]] to justify the enslavement of what were seen as primitive peoples; cannibalism has been said to test the bounds of [[cultural relativism]] as it challenges anthropologists "to define what is or is not beyond the pale of acceptable human behavior".<ref name="brief history"/> Cannibalism is rare and is not illegal in most countries.<ref name=Cusack>Carmen Cusack, ''[http://works.bepress.com/carmen_cusack/4/ Placentaphagy and Embryophagy''], Journal of Law and Social Deviance Vol. 1, 2011.</ref> People who eat human flesh are usually charged with crimes not relating to cannibalism, such as murder or desecration of a body.<ref name=Cusack/>

Cannibalism has been occasionally practiced as a last resort by people suffering from [[famine]], including in modern times. A famous example is the crash of [[Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571]], after which some survivors ate the bodies of dead passengers. Also, some mentally ill people obsess about eating others and actually do so, such as [[Jeffrey Dahmer]] and [[Albert Fish]]. There is a resistance to formally labelling cannibalism as a [[mental disorder]].<ref name="strightdope">[http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/2515/eat-or-be-eaten Eat or be eaten: Is cannibalism a pathology as listed in the DSM-IV?] [[The Straight Dope]] by Cecil Adams. Retrieved 16 March 2010.</ref>

The theme of cannibalism has been featured in religion, mythology, fairy stories and in works of art; for example, cannibalism was depicted in ''[[The Raft of the Medusa]]'' by the French lithographer [[Théodore Géricault]] in 1819. It has been satirized in popular culture, as in Monty Python's [[Lifeboat sketch]].

[[File:Leonhard Kern Menschenfresserin.jpg|right|200px|thumb|alt=Marble statue of naked woman eating a human leg with a child watching at her feet|''Menschenfresserin'' by Leonhard Kern, 1650]]

== Reasons for cannibalism ==
The reasons for cannibalism include the following{{citation needed|date=November 2011}}:
[[File:Cannibalism on Tanna.jpeg|thumb|right|300px|A cannibal feast on [[Tanna (island)|Tanna]], [[Vanuatu]], c. 1885-9]]
* sanction by a [[cultural norm]]
* necessity in extreme situations of [[famine]]
* mental illness - [[self-cannibalism]] is a form of major self-injury usually as a result of major mental illness.
* [[insanity]] or [[Social deviance|social deviancy]] - (Cannibalism is not mentioned in the formal index of mental disorders, the [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]]. The medical literature on the topic is likewise sparse.<ref name="strightdope"/>)
There are fundamentally two kinds of cannibalistic social behavior: [[endocannibalism]] (eating humans from the same community) and [[exocannibalism]] (eating humans from other communities).

===Cannibalism as an evolutionary strategy of predator control===
[[Joseph Jordania]] recently suggested that removing the dead bodies through ritual cannibalism might have had a function of predator control in hominids and early humans, aiming to eliminate predators' and scavengers' access to hominid (and human) bodies.<ref>Jordania, Joseph. 2011. [[Why do People Sing? Music in Human Evolution]], Logos. Pg 119-121</ref>

===Homicidal cannibalism and necro-cannibalism===
A separate ethical distinction can be made between [[Murder|killing]] a human for food (homicidal cannibalism) and eating the flesh of a person who was already dead ([[Necrophagy#As a human behaviour|necro-cannibalism]]).

===Cannibalism by performance artist===
In 1988 performance artist [[Rick Gibson]] became the first person in British history to legally perform an act of cannibalism by eating a [[canapé]] of donated human [[tonsils]] in Walthamstow High Street, London, England.<ref>{{Cite news | title = Hard to stomach, but Rick eats human parts | newspaper= Waltham Forest Guardian | pages= 6 | location= London, United Kingdom | date= 29 July 1988 | ref = harv | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | last = Young | first = Andrew | title = Rick eats his mate's tonsils on a cracker! | newspaper= The Sun | pages= 3 | location= London, United Kingdom | date= 4 August 1988 | ref = harv | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref> A year later he publicly ate a slice of legally purchased human testicle in Lewisham High Street, London, England.<ref>{{Cite news | title = Offal idea | newspaper= City Limits | pages= 7 | location= London, United Kingdom | date= 13 April 1989 | ref = harv | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | title = Never Mind the Bollocks… | newspaper= Time Out | pages= 11 | location= London, United Kingdom | date= 12 April 1989 | ref = harv | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref> When he tried to eat another slice of human testicle in Vancouver, Canada in 1989, he was stopped by the police.<ref>{{Cite news | last = Stueck | first = Wendy | title = Would-be cannibal's appetizer confiscated | newspaper= Vancouver Sun | pages= A7 | location= Vancouver, Canada | date= 15 July 1989 | ref = harv | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | title = Attention: Jesse Helms! | newspaper= Penthouse Magazine | pages= 170 | location= United States | date= December 1989 | ref = harv | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref> However, the charge was dropped and he finally ate a testicle [[hors d'œuvre]] in Vancouver in 1989.<ref>{{Cite news | title = No charges laid over artist's testicle claim | newspaper= Vancouver Sun | pages= B1 | location= Vancouver, Canada | date= 22 August 1988 | ref = harv | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | title = Crown refuses to pick up the ball | newspaper= Georgia Straight | pages= 17 | location= Vancouver, Canada | date= 25 August 1988 | ref = harv | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | title = Straight Talk: Cannibalism goes public | newspaper= Georgia Straight | pages= 4 | location= Vancouver, Canada | date= 22 September 1988 | ref = harv | postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref>

==Overview==
The [[Carib people|Carib]] tribe in the [[Lesser Antilles]], from whom the word cannibalism derives, for example, acquired a long-standing reputation as cannibals following the recording of their legends in the 17th century.<ref name="brief history"/> Some controversy exists over the accuracy of these legends and the prevalence of actual cannibalism in the culture.
[[File:Cannibalism.jpg|thumb|260px|The spread of human cannibalism (anthropophagy) in the late 19th century.]]

During their period of expansion in the 15th through 17th centuries, Europeans equated cannibalism with evil and savagery. In the 16th century, [[Pope Innocent IV]] declared cannibalism a sin deserving to be punished by Christians through force of arms and [[Isabella I of Castile|Queen Isabella]] of Spain decreed that Spanish colonists could only legally enslave natives who were cannibals, giving the colonists an economic interest in making such allegations. This was used as a justification for employing violent means to subjugate native people. This theme dates back to Columbus' accounts of a supposedly ferocious group of cannibals who lived in the Caribbean islands and parts of South America called the Caniba, which gave us the word cannibal.<ref name="brief history">[http://exploration.vanderbilt.edu/news/news_cannibalism_pt2.htm Brief history of cannibal controversies]; David F. Salisbury, August 15, 2001, ''[http://exploration.vanderbilt.edu/ Exploration]'', Vanderbuilt University.</ref>

A well known case of mortuary cannibalism is that of the [[Fore (people)|Fore]] tribe in [[New Guinea]] which resulted in the spread of the [[prion]] disease [[Kuru (disease)|kuru]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Lindenbaum S |title=Understanding kuru: the contribution of anthropology and medicine |journal=Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci. |volume=363 |issue=1510 |pages=3715–20 |year=2008 |month=November |pmid=18849287 |pmc=2735506 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2008.0072|ref=harv}}</ref> Although the Fore's mortuary cannibalism was well documented, the practice had ceased before the cause of the disease was recognized. However, some scholars argue that although post-mortem dismemberment was the practice during funeral rites, cannibalism was not. [[Marvin Harris]] theorizes that it happened during a famine period coincident with the arrival of Europeans and was rationalized as a religious rite.

In pre-modern medicine, an explanation for cannibalism stated that it came about within a black acrimonious [[four humours|humour]], which, being lodged in the linings of the [[ventricle (heart)|ventricle]], produced the voracity for human flesh.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/HistSciTech/HistSciTech-idx?type=turn&id=HistSciTech.Cyclopaedia01&entity=HistSciTech.Cyclopaedia01.p0147&q1=anthropophagy |publisher="1728 Cyclopaedia"|title=Anthropophagy}}</ref>

In 2003 a publication in ''Science'' received a large amount of press attention when it suggested that early humans may have practiced extensive cannibalism.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mead S, Stumpf MP, Whitfield J, ''et al.'' |title=Balancing selection at the prion protein gene consistent with prehistoric kurulike epidemics |journal=Science |volume=300 |issue=5619 |pages=640–3 |year=2003 |month=April |pmid=12690204 |doi=10.1126/science.1083320 |url=http://www.gs.washington.edu/news/article.pdf|ref=harv}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/11/us/gene-study-finds-cannibal-pattern.html |title=Gene Study Finds Cannibal Pattern |publisher=New York Times |author=Nicholas Wade |date=April 11, 2003}}</ref> According to this research, genetic markers commonly found in modern humans worldwide suggest that today many people carry a gene that evolved as protection against the [[transmissible spongiform encephalopathy|brain diseases]] that can be spread by consuming human brain tissue.<ref name="Cannibalism Normal in the Past">{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/04/0410_030410_cannibal.html|publisher="National Geographic"|title=Cannibalism Normal?}}</ref> A 2006 reanalysis of the data questioned this hypothesis,<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Soldevila M, Andrés AM, Ramírez-Soriano A, ''et al.'' |title=The prion protein gene in humans revisited: Lessons from a worldwide resequencing study |journal=Genome Res. |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=231–9 |year=2006 |month=February |pmid=16369046 |pmc=1361719 |doi=10.1101/gr.4345506|ref=harv }}</ref> as it claimed to have found a data collection bias, which led to an erroneous conclusion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.the-scientist.com/news/display/22927/|publisher="New Scientist"|title=No cannibalism signature in human gene}}</ref> This claimed bias came from incidents of cannibalism used in the analysis not being due to local cultures, but having been carried out by explorers, stranded seafarers or escaped convicts.<ref>See [http://www.warriors.egympie.com.au/cannibalism.html ''Cannibalism - Some Hidden Truths''] for an example documenting escaped convicts in Australia who initially blamed natives, but later confessed to conducting the practice themselves out of desperate hunger.</ref> The original authors published a subsequent paper in 2008 defending their conclusions.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mead S, Whitfield J, Poulter M, ''et al.'' |title=Genetic susceptibility, evolution and the kuru epidemic |journal=Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci. |volume=363 |issue=1510 |pages=3741–6 |year=2008 |month=November |pmid=18849290 |pmc=2576515 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2008.0087|ref=harv }}</ref>

Human meat is thought to be unsafe if eaten, especially if the human being eaten has any kind of disease or infection that could be passed on through consumption. According to the book ''[[The Hundred Year Lie]]'' by investigative journalist [[Randall Fitzgerald]], our modern diet is so full of additives and chemicals that it would be toxic to consume human meat.<ref name="Eating human meat is hazardous to your health.">{{cite web
| url = http://www.azcentral.com/ent/pop/articles/0712flashcannibal-CR.html
| title = Eating humans is hazardous to your health
| date = Jul. 12, 2007
| publisher = [[AZCentral]]
| accessdate = 2011-05-26}}</ref>

==During starvation==
[[File:Cannibalism 1571.PNG|thumb|Cannibalism which took place in Russia and Lithuania during the famine of 1571]]
[[File:Raft of the Medusa - Theodore Gericault.JPG|thumb|alt=Painting of a raft surrounded by huge ocean waves with people crying for help, suffering and dying.|''[[Raft of the Medusa]]'' by [[Théodore Géricault]], 1819]]
Cannibalism has been occasionally practiced as a last resort by people suffering from [[famine]].
* In colonial [[Jamestown, Virginia|Jamestown]], colonists resorted to cannibalism during a period known as the [[Starving Time]], from 1609 to 1610. After food supplies were diminished, some colonists began to dig up corpses for food. During this time period, one man was tortured until he confessed to having killed, salted, and eaten his pregnant wife before he was [[burned alive]] as [[punishment]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.history.org/Foundation/journal/Winter07/jamestown.cfm |title=The official site of Colonial Williamsburg&nbsp;— Things which seame incredible: Cannibalism in Early Jamestown |publisher=History.org |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Dennis Montgomery|title=1607: Jamestown and the New World|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=YVxfJAzgii0C|year=2007|publisher=Colonial Williamsburg|isbn=978-0-87935-232-5|pages=[http://books.google.com/books?id=YVxfJAzgii0C&pg=PA75 75–81], [http://books.google.com/books?id=YVxfJAzgii0C&pg=PA82 82–85], "There are, then, at least half a dozen written seventeenth century reports of Starving Time cannibalism, each of which corroberates another in one or more details. ..." (p.[http://books.google.com/books?id=YVxfJAzgii0C&pg=PA85 85])}}</ref>
* The accounts of the sinking of the ''[[Luxborough Galley]]'' in 1727 reported cannibalism amongst the survivors during their two weeks on a small boat in the mid-Atlantic.
* The ''[[Essex (whaleship)|Essex]]'' was sunk by a sperm whale in the Pacific Ocean in 1820. The survivors of Captain Pollard's boat spent 90 days in a small whaling boat before being rescued. All the members who died during the 90 days were eaten. When the boat was found there were two members remaining; they were found sucking on the marrow of a human bone. The tale of the Essex inspired [[Herman Melville]] to write his novel ''[[Moby-Dick]]''.
* In 1822 [[Alexander Pearce]], an Irish convict, led an escape from Macquarie Harbour Penal Settlement in Tasmania. Pearce was captured near Hobart and confessed that he and the other escapees had successively killed and cannibalised members of their group over a period of weeks, he being the last survivor.
* In the US, the group of settlers known as the [[Donner Party]] resorted to cannibalism while snowbound in the mountains for the winter of 1846–47.
* The last survivors of Sir [[John Franklin]]'s 1848 expedition were [[Rae-Richardson Arctic Expedition|found to have resorted to cannibalism]] in their final push across [[King William Island]], Canada towards the [[Back River]].<ref>Beattie, Owen and Geiger, John (2004). ''Frozen in Time.'' ISBN 1-55365-060-3.</ref><!-- 1848 -->
* There are many claims that cannibalism was widespread during the [[Holodomor|famine of Ukraine]] in the 1930s, during the [[Siege of Leningrad]] in World War II,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/life/story/0,6903,605454,00.html|title=Orchestral manoeuvres (part one)|date=2001-11-25|accessdate=2007-07-27 | work=The Guardian | location=London | first=Ed | last=Vulliamy}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://condor.depaul.edu/~rrotenbe/aeer/aeer13_2/Dickenson.html|title=Building the Blockade: New Truths in Survival Narratives From Leningrad, Autum 1995|accessdate=2007-07-27}}</ref> and during the [[Chinese Civil War]] and the [[Great Chinese Famine]] (1958–1961), following the [[Great Leap Forward]] in the People's Republic of China.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A0CE3D71E3DF936A35751C0A961958260 |title=Horror of a Hidden Chinese Famine |publisher=New York Times | first=Richard | last=Bernstein |date= February 5, 1997}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Hungry Ghosts: Mao's Secret Famine |first=Jasper |last=Becker |page=352 |isbn=978-0-68483457-3 |publisher=Free Press |postscript=, title is a reference to [[Hungry ghosts in Chinese religion]] |year=1997}}</ref>
* There were also rumors of several cannibalism outbreaks during World War II in the [[Nazi concentration camps]] where the prisoners were malnourished.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishgen.org/forgottencamps/Camps/MauthausenEng.html |title=Mauthausen Concentration Camp (Austria) |publisher=Jewishgen.org |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref>
* Cannibalism was also practiced by [[Imperial Japanese Army|Japanese troops]] as recently as World War II in the [[Pacific Ocean theatre of World War II|Pacific theater]].<ref>{{Cite book|author=Tanaka, Toshiyuki |title=Hidden horrors: Japanese war crimes in World War II |publisher=Westview Press |location=Boulder, Colo |year=1996 |pages= |isbn=0-8133-2717-2 |doi=}}</ref>
* A more recent example is of leaked stories from [[Cannibalism in North Korea|North Korean refugees of cannibalism]] practiced during and after a famine that occurred sometime between 1995 and 1997.<ref name="washingtonpost">{{Cite news| url = http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A41966-2003Oct3?language=printer | title =Opening a Window on North Korea's Horrors: Defectors Haunted by Guilt Over the Loved Ones Left Behind | date = 2003-10-04 | accessdate = 2007-07-27 | work=The Washington Post}}</ref>'''
* [[Lowell Thomas]] records the cannibalization of some of the surviving crew members of the ship [[Dumaru]] after it exploded and sank in the western [[Pacific Ocean]] during the First World War in his book, ''The Wreck of the Dumaru'' (1930). Another case of shipwrecked survivors forced to engage in cannibalism was that of the [[Medusa (ship)|''Medusa'']], a French vessel which in 1816 ran aground on the [[Arguin Bank|''Banc d'Arguin'']] (English: ''The Bank of Arguin'') in the [[Atlantic Ocean]] off Africa's northwestern coast about sixty miles distant from shore.
* In 1972, the survivors of [[Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571]], consisting of the rugby team from [[Stella Maris College (Montevideo)|Stella Maris College]] in [[Montevideo]] and some of their family members, resorted to necro-cannibalism while trapped at the crash site. They had been stranded since 13 October 1972 and rescue operations at the crash site did not begin until 22 December 1972. The story of the survivors was chronicled in [[Piers Paul Read]]'s 1974 book, ''[[Alive: The Story of the Andes Survivors]]'', in a 1993 film adaptation of the book, called simply [[Alive (1993 film)|''Alive'']], and in a 2008 documentary: [[Stranded: I Have Come from a Plane That Crashed in the Mountains|''Stranded: I’ve Come From a Plane That Crashed on the Mountains'']].
* Jared Diamond has suggested in his book ''[[Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed|Collapse]]'' that cannibalism took place on [[Easter Island]] after the construction of the [[Moai]] contributed to [[Natural environment|environmental]] degradation when extreme [[deforestation]] destabilized an already precarious [[ecosystem]]. (The suggestion is contested by ethnographers and archaeologists who argue that the introduction of diseases carried by [[Europe]]an colonizers and [[slave raiding]] had a much greater social impact than environmental decline.<ref>B. Peiser (2005) ''From Genocide to Ecocide: The Rape of Rapa Nui'' Energy & Environment volume 16 No. 3&4 2005</ref>)

==Themes in mythology==
[[File:DBP 1961 371 Wohlfahrt Hänsel und Gretel.jpg|alt=Postage stamp showing Hansel imprisoned in a cage with the evil stepmother and Gretal standing outside.|thumb|Hansel and Gretel [[Germans|German]] [[Postage stamp|stamp]]]]
[[File:Francisco de Goya, Saturno devorando a su hijo (1819-1823).jpg|thumb|alt=Painting of a ghoulish, naked man holding a bloody, naked body and devouring the arm .|''[[Saturn Devouring His Son]]'', from the [[Black Paintings]] series by [[Francisco de Goya]], 1819]]
Cannibalism
features in many mythologies, and is most often attributed to evil
characters or as extreme retribution for some wrong. Examples include
the [[witch]] in ''[[Hansel and Gretel]]'', [[Lamia]] of [[Greek mythology]] and [[Baba Yaga]] of [[Slavic folklore]].

A number of stories in [[Greek mythology]] involve cannibalism, in particular cannibalism of close family members, for example the stories of [[Thyestes]], [[Tereus]] and especially [[Cronus]], who was [[Saturn (mythology)|Saturn]] in the Roman pantheon. The story of [[Tantalus]] also parallels this. These mythologies inspired Shakespeare's cannibalism scene in ''[[Titus Andronicus]]''.

The [[Wendigo]] is a mythical creature appearing in the [[Native American mythology|mythology]] of the [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]] people. It is a malevolent cannibalistic spirit into which humans could transform, or which could [[spiritual possession|possess]] humans. Those who indulged in cannibalism were at particular risk,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Brightman |first=Robert A. |year=1988 |title=The Windigo in the Material World |journal=Ethnohistory |volume=35 |issue=4 |doi=10.2307/482140 |pages=337–379 |jstor=482140 |ref=harv}}</ref> and the legend appears to have reinforced this practice as [[taboo]]. The name is ''Wiindigoo'' in the [[Anishinaabe language|Ojibwe language]] (the source of the English word),<ref>{{Harvnb|Brightman|1988|p=344}}.</ref> ''Wìdjigò'' in the [[Algonquin language]], and ''Wīhtikōw'' in the [[Cree language]]; the [[Proto-Algonquian language|Proto-Algonquian]] term was ''*wi·nteko·wa'', which probably originally meant "owl".<ref>{{Harvnb|Brightman|1988|p=340}}.</ref>

==As used to demonize colonized or other groups==
{{See also|Blood libel}}
Unsubstantiated reports of cannibalism disproportionately relate cases of cannibalism among cultures that are already otherwise despised, feared, or are little known. In antiquity, Greek reports of cannibalism, (often called ''anthropophagy'' in this context) were related to distant non-Hellenic [[barbarians]], or else relegated in [[Greek mythology]] to the 'primitive' [[chthonic]] world that preceded the coming of the Olympian gods: see the explicit rejection of human sacrifice in the cannibal feast prepared for the Olympians by [[Tantalus]] of his son [[Pelops]]. All South Sea Islanders were cannibals so far as their enemies were concerned. When the [[whaleship Essex]] was rammed and sunk by a whale in 1820, the captain opted to sail 3000 miles upwind to [[Chile]] rather than 1400 miles downwind to the [[Marquesas]] because he had heard the Marquesans were cannibals. Ironically many of the survivors of the shipwreck resorted to cannibalism in order to survive.

However, [[Herman Melville]] happily lived with the Marquesan Typees (Taipi), rumored to have been the most vicious of the island group's cannibal tribes, but also may have witnessed evidence of cannibalism. In his semi-autobiographical novel ''[[Typee]]'', he reports seeing [[shrunken heads]] and having strong evidence that the tribal leaders ceremonially consumed the bodies of killed warriors of the neighboring tribe after a skirmish.

[[William Arens]], author of ''The Man-Eating Myth: Anthropology and Anthropophagy'',<ref>(New York : Oxford University Press, 1979; ISBN 0-19-502793-0)</ref> questions the credibility of reports of cannibalism and argues that the description by one group of people of another people as cannibals is a consistent and demonstrable ideological and rhetorical device to establish perceived [[Cultural imperialism|cultural superiority]]. Arens bases his thesis on a detailed analysis of numerous "classic" cases of cultural cannibalism cited by explorers, missionaries, and anthropologists. He asserted that many were steeped in racism, unsubstantiated, or based on second-hand or hearsay evidence.<ref>{{Cite book
|last=Arens
|first=William
|title=The Man-Eating Myth: Anthropology and Anthropophagy
|edition=illustrated
|publisher=Oxford University Press US
|year=1981
|isbn=9780195027938
|page=[http://books.google.com/books?id=XsHB69txxdEC&pg=PA165 165]
|url=http://books.google.com/?id=XsHB69txxdEC
}}</ref>
}}

Arens' findings are controversial, and have been cited as an example of [[postcolonial]] [[historical revisionism|revisionism]].<ref>Timothy Taylor, ''The Buried Soul: How Humans Invented Death'', Pages 58–60, Fourth Estate 2002</ref>

Conversely, [[Michel de Montaigne]]'s essay "Of cannibals" introduced a new multicultural note in European civilization. Montaigne wrote that "one calls 'barbarism' whatever he is not accustomed to." By using a title like that and describing a fair indigean society, Montaigne may have wished to provoke a surprise in the reader of his ''Essays''.

==Accounts==
Among modern humans it has been practiced by various groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/04/0410_030410_cannibal.html |title=Cannibalism Normal For Early Humans? |publisher=News.nationalgeographic.com |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref>
In the past, it has been practiced by humans in [[Prehistoric Europe|Europe]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba59/feat1.shtml |title=The edible dead |publisher=Britarch.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://arts.monash.edu.au/cgi-bin/inc/print?page=/eras/edition_7/suelzlereview.htm |title=Suelzle, B: Review of "The Origins of War: Violence in Prehistory", Jean Guilaine and Jean Zammit |publisher=Arts.monash.edu.au |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> South America,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lehigh.edu/~ejg1/natimag/Harry.html |title=Hans Staden Among the Tupinambas |publisher=Lehigh.edu |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref> among Iroquoian peoples in North America,<ref>Unfortunate Emigrants: Narratives of the Donner Party, Utah State University Press. ISBN 0874212049</ref> Maori in New Zealand,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wais.stanford.edu/NewZealand/newzealand_maorican1.html|title=Māori Cannibalism|accessdate=2007-07-27}}</ref> the [[Solomon Islands]],<ref>{{Cite news|author=Monday, May. 11, 1942 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,790434,00.html |title=King of the Cannibal Isles |publisher=Time.com |date=1942-05-11 |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref> parts of [[West Africa]]<ref name="britannica cannibalism"/> and [[Central Africa]],<ref name="britannica cannibalism"/> some of the islands of [[Polynesia]],<ref name="britannica cannibalism"/> [[New Guinea]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/cannibals.html |title=Sleeping with Cannibals |publisher=Smithsonianmag.com |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref> [[Sumatra]],<ref name="britannica cannibalism"/> and [[Fiji]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/233880.stm |title=Fijians find chutney in bad taste |publisher=BBC News |date=1998-12-13 |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref> Evidence of cannibalism has been found in ruins associated with the [[Anasazi]] culture of the Southwestern United States as well.<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20080706194808/http://archives.cnn.com/2000/NATURE/09/06/american.cannibals.ap/ Lab tests show evidence of cannibalism among ancient Indians]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.archaeology.org/9709/newsbriefs/anasazi.html |title=Anasazi Cannibalism? |publisher=Archaeology.org |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref>

===Pre-history===
Some anthropologists, such as [[Tim White (anthropologist)|Tim White]], suggest that cannibalism was common in human societies prior to the beginning of the [[Upper Paleolithic]] period. This theory is based on the large amount of "butchered human" bones found in [[Neanderthal]] and other Lower/Middle Paleolithic sites.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=-TVHr_XtDJcC&pg=PA338&lpg=PA338&dq=paleolithic+cannibalism|title= Once were Cannibals |work=Evolution: A Scientific American Reader|author=Tim D white |accessdate=2008-02-14 |isbn=9780226742694 |date=2006-09-15}}</ref> Cannibalism in the Lower and Middle Paleolithic may have occurred because of food shortages.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/12/061205-cannibals.html|title=Neandertals Turned to Cannibalism, Bone Cave Suggests |work=National Geographic News |author=James Owen |accessdate=2008-02-03}}</ref>

In [[Gough's Cave]], [[England]], remains of human bones and skulls, around 15,000 years old, suggest that cannibalism took place amongst the people living in or visiting the cave,<ref>{{cite news|last=McKie|first=Robin|title=Bones from a Cheddar Gorge cave show that cannibalism helped Britain's earliest settlers survive the ice age|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/jun/20/ice-age-cannibals-britain-earliest-settlers|accessdate=20 June 2010|newspaper=The Guardian|date=2010-06-20|location=London}}</ref> and that they may have used human skulls as [[Skull cup|drinking vessels]].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Bello, Silvia M. ''et al.''|title=Earliest Directly-Dated Human Skull-Cups|url=http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0017026|journal=[[PLoS ONE]]|month=February|year=2011|accessdate=2011-02-17|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0017026|pmid=21359211|pmc=3040189|editor1-last=Petraglia|editor1-first=Michael|volume=6|issue=2|pages=e17026|ref=harv}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Jonathan|last=Amos|title=Ancient Britons 'drank from skulls'|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-12478115|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2011-02-16|accessdate=2011-02-17}}</ref>

According to one historical account, aboriginal tribes of Australia were most certainly cannibals, never failing to eat persons killed in a fight and always eating men noted for their fighting ability who died natural deaths. "... out of pity and consideration for the body."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seqhistory.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=99%3Apart1chpt3&catid=42%3Atom-petrie&Itemid=67&limitstart=2|title=Tom Petrie's Reminiscences of Early Queensland |author=Petrie, C.C. |accessdate=2009-11-27}}</ref>

===Early history===
Cannibalism is mentioned many times in early history and literature. It is reported in the [[Bible]] during the siege of [[Samaria]] (2 Kings 6:25–30). Two women made a pact to eat their children; after the first mother cooked her child the second mother ate it but refused to reciprocate by cooking her own child. A similar story is reported by [[Flavius Josephus]] during the siege of Jerusalem by Rome in 70 AD, and the population of Numantia during the Roman [[Siege of Numantia]] in the 2nd century BC was reduced to cannibalism and suicide.

As in modern times, though, reports of cannibalism were often told as apocryphal second and third-hand stories, with widely varying levels of accuracy. [[St. Jerome]], in his letter ''[[Against Jovinianus]]'', discusses how people come to their present condition as a result of their heritage, and then lists several examples of peoples and their customs. In the list, he mentions that he has heard that [[Attacotti|Atticoti]] eat human flesh and that [[Massagetae]] and ''Derbices'' (a people on the borders of India) kill and eat old people.(The [[Tibareni]] crucify those whom they have loved before when they have grown old).<ref>{{Cite book
|editor2-last=Wace
|title=A Select Library of Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church
|series=2nd
|volume=6
|contribution=Against Jovinianus—Book II
|date=c.393
|publisher=The Christian Literature Company
|publication-place=New York
|publication-date=1893
|accessdate=2008-04-03
|page=394
|url=http://www.archive.org/details/selectlibraryofn06schauoft
|editor-first=Philip
|editor3-first=Henry}}</ref> This points to the likelihood that St. Jerome's writing came from rumors and does not represent the situation accurately.{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}}

Researchers have found physical evidence of cannibalism in ancient times. In 2001, archaeologists at the University of Bristol found evidence of [[Iron Age]] cannibalism in Gloucestershire.<ref>[http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2001/cannibal.htm Cannibalistic Celts discovered in South Gloucestershire] March 7, 2001</ref> Cannibalism was practiced as recently as 2000 years ago in [[Great Britain]].<ref>"[http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/03/090320-druids-sacrifice-cannibalism_2.html Druids Committed Human Sacrifice, Cannibalism?]". National Geographic.</ref> In Germany, Emil Carthaus and Dr. Bruno Bernhard have observed 1,891 signs of cannibalism in the [[caves]] at the [[Hönne]] (1000 - 700 BC).<ref>[http://64.233.179.104/translate_c?hl=en&sl=de&u=http://www.stefan-enste.de/Kannibalen.htm&prev=/search%3Fq%3DEmil%2BCarthaus%2Band%2BDr.%2BBruno%2BBernhard%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DG&usg=ALkJrhhVezKvVpi4Z3xeq5QQBMs-rX4L_Q "Cannibalism in Westphalia?"] Stefan Enste. Retrieved August 18, 2008.</ref>

===Middle Ages===
[[Image:Blake Hell 33 Ugolino.jpg|alt=Painting of a bearded man and four children huddled on a stone floor with two large angels overhead.|thumb|[[Ugolino della Gherardesca|Ugolino]] and his sons in their cell, as painted by [[William Blake]] circa 1826. [[Ugolino della Gherardesca]] was an Italian [[nobility|nobleman]] who, together with his sons Gaddo and Uguccione and his grand-sons Nino and Anselmuccio were detained in the [[Torre dei Gualandi|Muda]], in March 1289. The keys were thrown into the [[Arno]] river and the prisoners left to starve. According to [[Dante]], the prisoners were slowly starved to death and before dying Ugolino's children begged him to eat their bodies.]]
During the Muslim-Qurayš wars in the early 7th century, a case of cannibalism was reported. Following at the [[Battle of Uhud]] in 625, it is said that after killing [[Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib|Hamzah ibn Abdu l-Muṭṭalib]], his liver was consumed by [[Hind bint Utbah|Hind bint ‘Utbah]] (the wife of Abû Sufyan ibn Harb one of the commanders of the [[Quraysh (tribe)|Qurayš]] army)<ref>Ibn Ishaq (1955){{clarify|date=November 2010}} 380—388, cited in Peters (1994){{clarify|date=November 2010}} p. 218</ref> who later reportedly converted to Islam and became the mother of [[Muawiyah I]] founder of the Islamic [[Umayyad Caliphate]].

Reports of cannibalism were also recorded during the [[First Crusade]], as Crusaders were alleged to have fed on the bodies of their dead opponents following the [[Siege of Ma'arrat al-Numan]]. [[Amin Maalouf]] also alleges further cannibalism incidents on the march to [[Jerusalem]], and to the efforts made to delete mention of these from western history.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Maalouf, Amin |title=The Crusades Through Arab Eyes |publisher= [[Schocken Books]] |location=New York |year=1984 |pages=37–40 |isbn=0-8052-0898-4 |doi=}}</ref> During Europe's [[Great Famine of 1315–1317]] there were many reports of cannibalism among the starving populations. In North Africa, as in Europe, there are references to cannibalism as a last resort in times of [[famine]].<ref>[http://www.jstor.org/pss/196038 Cannibalism in Early Modern North Africa], British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies</ref>

The Moroccan Muslim explorer [[Ibn Batutta]] reported that one African king advised him that nearby people were cannibals (though this may have been a prank played on Ibn Batutta by the king in order to fluster his guest). However Batutta reported that Arabs and Christians were safe, as their flesh was "unripe" and would cause the eater to fall ill.

For a brief time in Europe, an unusual form of cannibalism occurred when thousands of [[Mummy#Egyptian mummies as a commodity|Egyptian mummies]] preserved in [[bitumen]] were ground up and sold as medicine.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.mummytombs.com/dummy/doctors.htm
|title=Medieval Doctors and Their Patients
|publisher=mummytombs.com
|accessdate=2007-12-03}}</ref> The practice developed into a wide-scale business which flourished until the late 16th century. This "fad" ended because the mummies were revealed actually to be recently killed slaves. Two centuries ago, mummies were still believed to have medicinal properties against bleeding, and were sold as [[pharmaceutical]]s in powdered form (see [[Mellified Man|human mummy confection]] and [[mummia]]).<ref name="Daly flesh">Quotes from [[John Sanderson (merchant)|John Sanderson]]'s ''Travels'' (1586) in ''[http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0029-5132(199423)28%3A1%3C24%3ATOOODV%3E2.0.CO%3B2-8 That Obscure Object of Desire: Victorian Commodity Culture and Fictions of the Mummy]'', [[Nicholas Daly]], NOVEL: A Forum on Fiction, Vol. 28, No. 1 (Autumn, 1994), pp. 24–51. {{doi|10.2307/1345912}}</ref>

In [[China]] during the [[Tang Dynasty]], cannibalism was supposedly resorted to by rebel forces early in the period (who were said to raid neighboring areas for victims to eat), as well as both soldiers and civilians besieged during the rebellion of [[An Lushan Rebellion|An Lushan]]. Eating an enemy's heart and liver was also claimed to be a feature of both official punishments and private vengeance.<ref>{{cite book |last=Benn |first=Charles |title=China's Golden Age: Everyday Life in the Tang Dynasty |year=2002 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0-19-517665-0 |pages=123–124}}</ref> References to cannibalizing the enemy has also been seen in poetry written in the [[Song Dynasty]], though the cannibalizing is perhaps poetic symbolism, expressing hatred towards the enemy (see ''[[Man Jiang Hong]]'').

While there is universal agreement that some [[Mesoamerican]] people practiced [[human sacrifice]], there is a lack of scholarly consensus as to whether [[cannibalism in pre-Columbian America]] was widespread. At one extreme, anthropologist Marvin Harris, author of ''[[Cannibals and Kings]]'', has suggested that the flesh of the victims was a part of an aristocratic diet as a reward, since the [[Aztec]] diet was lacking in [[protein]]s. While most pre-Columbian historians believe that there was ritual cannibalism related to human sacrifices, they do not support Harris's thesis that human flesh was ever a significant portion of the Aztec diet.<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE7DE1F3DF935A35752C0A961948260 To Aztecs, Cannibalism Was a Status Symbol], New York Times</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/aztecs/montellano.htm |title=Aztec Cannibalism: An Ecological Necessity? |publisher=Latinamericanstudies.org |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref><ref>Bernard R. Ortiz de Montellano. "Aztec Cannibalism: An Ecological necessity?" ''Science'' 200:611=617. 1978</ref> Others have hypothesized that cannibalism was part of a blood revenge in war.<ref>[http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=QauRWfX4NTcC&pg=PA126&dq=cannibal+brazil&ei=M8OJS_mFO4OMkATSz8nwBg&client=firefox-a&hl=en&cd=6#v=onepage&q=cannibal%20brazil&f=false The cannibal within] By Lewis F. Petrinovich, Aldine Transaction (2000), ISBN 0202020487. Retrieved 19 March 2010.</ref>
[[Image:Magliabchanopage 73r.jpg|right|200px|thumb|A scene depicting ritualistic cannibalism being practiced in the [[Codex Magliabechiano|Aztex Codex]] folio 73r]]

===Early modern era===
European explorers and colonizers brought home many stories of cannibalism practiced by the native peoples they encountered. The friar [[Diego de Landa]] reported about [[Yucatán]] instances,<ref>{{Cite book|last=De Landa|first=Diego|title=Yucatán before and after the Conquest|year=1978|publisher=Dover|page=4}}</ref> and there have been similar reports by Purchas from Popayán, [[Colombia]], and from the [[Marquesas Islands]] of [[Polynesia]], where human flesh was called ''long pig''.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Robert Louis Stevenson in the South Seas|year=1987|publisher=Luzac Paragon House|pages=45–50|editor=Alanna King}}</ref> According to [[Hans Egede]], the [[Inuit]]s, when they killed a witch, ate a portion of her heart.<ref>"[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Cannibalism Cannibalism]". The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition.</ref> It is recorded about the natives of the captaincy of [[Sergipe]] in [[Brazil]], "They eat human flesh when they can get it, and if a woman miscarries devour the abortive immediately. If she goes her time out, she herself cuts the [[umbilical cord|navel-string]] with a [[seashell|shell]], which she boils along with the [[placenta|secondine]], and eats them both.'"<ref>E. Bowen, 1747: 532</ref>

The 1913 ''Handbook of Indians of Canada'', (reprinting 1907 material from the Bureau of American Ethnology) claims that North American natives practicing cannibalism included "...the [[Innu|Montagnais]], and some of the tribes of [[Maine]]; the [[Algonquin people|Algonkin]], [[Armouchiquois]], [[Iroquois]], and [[Micmac]]; farther west the [[Assiniboine people|Assiniboine]], [[Cree]], [[Fox (tribe)|Foxes]], [[Chippewa]], [[Miami (tribe)|Miami]], [[Ottawa (tribe)|Ottawa]], [[Kickapoo people|Kickapoo]], [[Illinois (tribe)|Illinois]], [[Sioux]], and [[Ho-Chunk|Winnebago]]; in the South the people who built the mounds in [[Florida]], and the [[Tonkawa]], [[Attacapa]], [[Karankawa]], [[Caddo]], and [[Comanche]] (?); in the Northwest and West, portions of the continent, the [[Thlingchadinneh]] and other [[Athapascan]] tribes, the [[Tlingit people|Tlingit]], [[Heiltsuk people|Heiltsuk]], [[Kwakiutl]], [[Tsimshian]], [[Nuu-chah-nulth people|Nootka]], [[Siksika]], some of the [[California]]n tribes, and the [[Ute Tribe|Ute]]. There is also a tradition of the practice among the [[Hopi]], and mentions of the custom among other tribes of [[New Mexico]] and [[Arizona]]. The [[Mohawk nation|Mohawk]], and the [[Attacapa]], [[Tonkawa]], and other [[Texas]] tribes were known to their neighbours as 'man-eaters.'"<ref>[http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/QuebecHistory/encyclopedia/cannibalism.htm cannibalism], James WHITE, ed., Handbook of Indians of Canada, Published as an Appendix to the Tenth Report of the Geographic Board of Canada, Ottawa, 1913, 632p., pp. 77-78.</ref> The forms of cannibalism described included both resorting to human flesh during famines and ritual cannibalism, the latter usually consisting of eating a small portion of an enemy warrior. See also [[Captives in American Indian Wars]].
[[File:Albert Eckhout Tapuia woman 1641.jpg|thumb|160px|[[Albert Eckhout]]. ''Tapuia woman.'' Brazil, 1641]]
As with most lurid tales of native cannibalism, these stories are treated with a great deal of scrutiny, as accusations of cannibalism were often used as justifications for the subjugation or destruction of "savages". However, there were several well-documented cultures that engaged in regular eating of the dead, such as New Zealand's [[Māori people|Māori]]. In one infamous 1809 incident, about 66 passengers and crew of the ship the Boyd were killed and eaten by Māori on the Whangaroa peninsula, Northland. (''See also: [[Boyd massacre]]'') Cannibalism was already a regular practice in Māori wars.<ref name="NZ_Herald_10462390">{{cite web |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/topic/story.cfm?c_id=252&objectid=10462390 |title='Battle rage' fed Maori cannibalism |author=Masters, Catherine |date=8 September 2007 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |accessdate=23 September 2011}}</ref> In another instance, on 11 July 1821 warriors from the Ngapuhi tribe killed 2,000 enemies and remained on the battlefield "eating the vanquished until they were driven off by the smell of decaying bodies".<ref>[http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/H/HongiHika/HongiHika/en HONGI HIKA (c. 1780–1828) Ngapuhi war chief], the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.</ref> Māori warriors fighting the New Zealand government in [[Titokowaru's War]] in New Zealand's North Island in 1868–69 revived ancient rites of cannibalism as part of the radical Hauhau movement of the [[Pai Marire]] religion.<ref>[http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cow02NewZ-c20.html James Cowan, The New Zealand Wars: A History of the Maori Campaigns and the Pioneering Period: Volume II, 1922.]</ref>

Other islands in the Pacific were home to cultures that allowed cannibalism to some degree. In parts of [[Melanesia]], cannibalism was still practiced in the early 20th century, for a variety of reasons&nbsp;— including retaliation, to insult an enemy people, or to absorb the dead person's qualities.<ref>[http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/whonsbon-aston1961.html "Melanesia Historical and Geographical: the Solomon Islands and the New Hebrides"], ''Southern Cross'' n°1, London: 1950</ref> One tribal chief, Ratu [[Udre Udre]] in Rakiraki, [[Fiji]], is said to have consumed 872 people and to have made a pile of stones to record his achievement.<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20040929012220/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/gwr5/content_pages/record.asp?recordid=54265 Most Prolific Cannibal] ''Guinness Book of World Records'' Internet Archive Wayback Machine 2004-09-29</ref><ref>Peggy Reeves Sanday. "''[http://books.google.com/books?id=SYW6EzB9rYkC&pg=PA166&dq=&hl=en#v=onepage&q=&f=false Divine hunger: cannibalism as a cultural system]''". p.166.</ref> The ferocity of the cannibal lifestyle deterred European sailors from going near Fijian waters, giving Fiji the name ''Cannibal Isles''. The dense population of [[Marquesas Islands]], [[Polynesia]], was concentrated in the narrow valleys, and consisted of warring tribes, who sometimes practiced cannibalism on their enemies. W. D. Rubinstein wrote:

<blockquote>
"It was considered a great triumph among the Marquesans to eat the body of a dead man. They treated their captives with great cruelty. They broke their legs to prevent them from attempting to escape before being eaten, but kept them alive so that they could brood over their impending fate. ... With this tribe, as with many others, the bodies of women were in great demand. ... "<ref name="history"/></blockquote>

This period of time was also rife with instances of explorers and seafarers resorting to cannibalism for survival. The survivors of the sinking of the French ship ''[[French frigate Méduse (1810)|Méduse]]'' in 1816 resorted to cannibalism after four days adrift on a raft and their plight was made famous by [[Théodore Géricault]]'s painting [[Raft of the Medusa]]. After the sinking of the [[Essex (whaleship)|''Essex'']] of [[Nantucket]] by a whale, on November 20, 1820, (an important source event for [[Herman Melville]]'s ''[[Moby-Dick]]'') the survivors, in three small boats, resorted, by common consent, to cannibalism in order for some to survive.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/alabaster/A671492 |title=The Wreck of the Whaleship Essex |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref> Sir [[John Franklin]]'s lost polar expedition is another example of cannibalism out of desperation.<ref>{{cite web|last=Keenleyside |first=Anne |title=The final days of the Franklin expedition: new skeletal evidence Arctic 50(1) 36-36 1997 |url=http://pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca/arctic/Arctic50-1-36.pdf |format=PDF|accessdate=2008-01-26}}</ref> On land, the [[Donner Party]] found itself stranded by snow in [[Donner Pass|a high mountain pass]] in California without adequate supplies during the [[Mexican-American War]], leading to several instances of cannibalism.<ref name="Johnson, Kristin 1996">Johnson, Kristin (ed.)(1996). Unfortunate Emigrants: Narratives of the Donner Party, Utah State University Press. ISBN 0874212049</ref> Another notorious cannibal was [[mountain man]] [[Boone Helm]], who was known as "The Kentucky Cannibal," for eating several of his fellow travelers from 1850 until his eventual hanging in 1864.

The case of ''[[R v. Dudley and Stephens]]'' (1884) 14 QBD 273 (QB) is an English case which dealt with four crew members of an English yacht, the ''Mignonette'', who were cast away in a storm some {{convert|1600|mi|km}} from the [[Cape of Good Hope]]. After several days one of the crew, a seventeen year old cabin boy, fell unconscious due to a combination of the famine and drinking seawater. The others (one possibly objecting) decided then to kill him and eat him. They were picked up four days later. Two of the three survivors were found guilty of murder. A significant outcome of this case was that [[necessity]] was determined to be no defence against a charge of murder.

American consul [[James W. Davidson]] described in his 1903 book, ''The Island of Formosa'' how the Chinese in Taiwan ate and traded in the flesh of [[Taiwanese aboriginals]].<ref>{{Cite book| last = Davidson | first = James Wheeler | coauthors = | title = The Island of Formosa, Past and Present | publisher = Macmillan & Co. | year = 1903 | page = 255 | url = | doi = | isbn = }}</ref>

[[Roger Casement]] writing to a consular colleague in Lisbon on 3 August 1903 from Lake Mantumba in the Congo Free State said: "The people round here are all cannibals. You never saw such a weird looking lot in your life. There are also dwarfs (called Batwas) in the forest who are even worse cannibals than the taller human environment. They eat man flesh raw! It's a fact." Casement then added how assailants would "bring down a dwarf on the way home, for the marital cooking pot...The Dwarfs, as I say, dispense with cooking pots and eat and drink their human prey fresh cut on the battlefield while the blood is still warm and running. These are not fairy tales my dear Cowper but actual gruesome reality in the heart of this poor, benighted savage land." (National Library of Ireland, MS 36,201/3)

===Modern era===
==== World War II ====
[[File:Maaselkä cannibalism.jpg|thumb|Finnish soldiers displaying the skins of Soviet soldiers near Maaselkä, on the strand of lake [[Seesjärvi]] during Continuation War on the 15th of December in 1942.]]
Many instances of cannibalism by necessity were recorded during World War II. For example, during the 872-day [[Siege of Leningrad]], reports of cannibalism began to appear in the winter of 1941–1942, after all birds, rats and pets were eaten by survivors. Leningrad police even formed a special division to combat cannibalism.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://it.stlawu.edu/~rkreuzer/pcavallerano/leningradweb.htm |title=900-Day Siege of Leningrad |publisher=It.stlawu.edu |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history.do?id=7014&action=tdihArticleCategory |title=This Day in History 1941: Siege of Leningrad begins |publisher=History.com |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref> Following the Soviet victory at [[Battle of Stalingrad|Stalingrad]] it was found that some German soldiers in the besieged city, cut off from supplies, resorted to cannibalism.<ref>{{Cite book
|last=Petrinovich
|first=Lewis F.
|title=The Cannibal Within
|edition=illustrated
|publisher=Aldine Transaction
|year=2000
|isbn=9780202020488
|page=[http://books.google.com/books?id=QauRWfX4NTcC&pg=PA194 194]
|url=http://books.google.com/?id=QauRWfX4NTcC
}}</ref>

Later following the German surrender in January 1943, roughly 100,000 German soldiers were taken [[prisoner of war]] (POW). Almost all of them were sent to POW camps in [[Siberia]] or [[Central Asia]] where, due to being chronically underfed by their Soviet captors, many resorted to cannibalism. Fewer than 5,000 of the prisoners taken at Stalingrad survived captivity. The majority, however, died early in their imprisonment due to exposure or sickness brought on by conditions in the surrounded army before the surrender.<ref>Beevor, Antony. ''Stalingrad: The Fateful Siege.'' Penguin Books, 1999.</ref>

The Australian War Crimes Section of the [[Tokyo tribunal]], led by prosecutor [[William Webb (judge)|William Webb]] (the future Judge-in-Chief), collected numerous written reports and testimonies that documented Japanese soldiers' acts of cannibalism among their own troops, on enemy dead, and on Allied prisoners of war in many parts of the [[Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere]]. In September 1942, Japanese daily rations on New Guinea consisted of 800 grams of rice and tinned meat. However, by December, this had fallen to 50 grams.<ref name="happell">{{Cite book|last=Happell|first=Charles|title=The Bone Man of Kokoda|year=2008| publisher=Macmillan| location=Sydney| isbn=978-1-4050-38362}}</ref>{{rp|78-80}} According to historian Yuki Tanaka, "cannibalism was often a systematic activity conducted by whole squads and under the command of officers".<ref>Tanaka, Yuki. ''Hidden horrors: Japanese War Crimes in World War II'', Westview Press, 1996, p.127.</ref>

In some cases, flesh was cut from living people. An Indian POW, [[Lance Naik]] Hatam Ali (later a citizen of Pakistan), testified that in New Guinea: "the Japanese started selecting prisoners and every day one prisoner was taken out and killed and eaten by the soldiers. I personally saw this happen and about 100 prisoners were eaten at this place by the Japanese. The remainder of us were taken to another spot 50 miles [80&nbsp;km] away where 10 prisoners died of sickness. At this place, the Japanese again started selecting prisoners to eat. Those selected were taken to a hut where their flesh was cut from their bodies while they were alive and they were thrown into a ditch where they later died."<ref>[[Lord Russell of Liverpool]] (Edward Russell), ''The Knights of Bushido, a short history of Japanese War Crimes'', Greenhill Books, 2002, p.121</ref>

Another well-documented case occurred in [[Chichijima]] in February 1945, when Japanese soldiers killed and consumed five American airmen. This case was investigated in 1947 in a war crimes trial, and of 30 Japanese soldiers prosecuted, five (Maj. Matoba, Gen. Tachibana, Adm. Mori, Capt. Yoshii, and Dr. Teraki) were found guilty and hanged.<ref>{{Cite journal| format = PDF | url = http://www.pegc.us/archive/Articles/welch_naval_MCs.pdf | title = Without a Hangman, Without a Rope: Navy War Crimes Trials After World War II | chapter = Cannibalism | last = Welch | first = JM | journal = International Journal of Naval History | volume = 1 | issue = 1 | month = April | year = 2002 | accessdate = 2007-12-03 | ref = harv}}</ref> In his book ''[[Flyboys: A True Story of Courage]]'', [[James Bradley (author)|James Bradley]] details several instances of cannibalism of World War II Allied prisoners by their Japanese captors.<ref name=Bradley>{{Cite book
| last = Bradley
| first = James
| author-link =James Bradley (author)
| title = [[Flyboys: A True Story of Courage]]
| publisher = Little, Brown and Company (Time Warner Book Group)
| year = 2003
| volume =
| edition = 1st
| accessdate = | url =
| doi =
| isbn= 0-316-10584-8
}}
</ref> The author claims that this included not only ritual cannibalization of the livers of freshly killed prisoners, but also the cannibalization-for-sustenance of living prisoners over the course of several days, amputating limbs only as needed to keep the meat fresh.<ref>{{Cite book|last = Bradley |first = James |authorlink = James Bradley |title = Flyboys: A True Story of Courage |origyear = 2003 |url = http://books.google.com/?id=09sgEfKbRaAC |format = softcover |accessdate = 2007-12-26 |edition = first |publisher = Back Bay Books |location = Boston, Massachusetts |isbn = 0316159433 |pages = 229–230, 311, 404 |year = 2004}}</ref>

====New Guinea====

The [[Korowai]] tribe of south-eastern [[Papua (Indonesian province)|Papua]] could be one of the last surviving tribes in the world engaging in cannibalism, although there have been media reports of soldiers/rebels in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Liberia eating body parts<ref>[http://www.childexploitation.org/soldiers.html Child Soldiers, children soldiers, boy soldiers, girl soldiers]</ref> to intimidate child soldiers or captives.<ref>[http://media.www.nyunews.com/media/storage/paper869/news/2006/02/14/BrownstoneMagazine/Forgotten.War-2397297.shtml Forgotten War], Brownstone magazine{{dead link|date=December 2010|url=http://media.www.nyunews.com/media/storage/paper869/news/2006/02/14/BrownstoneMagazine/Forgotten.War-2397297.shtml}}</ref>
[[Marvin Harris]] has analysed cannibalism and other [[taboo food and drink|food taboos]].
He argued that it was common when humans lived in small bands, but disappeared in the transition to states, the [[Aztecs]] being an exception.

==Other cases==
Further instances include cannibalism as ritual practice, and in times of drought, famine and other destitutions, as well as those being criminal acts and war crimes throughout the 20th century.

In [[West Africa]], the [[Leopard Society]] was a secret society active into the mid-1900s and one that practiced cannibalism. Centred in [[Sierra Leone]], [[Liberia]] and [[Côte d'Ivoire]], the ''[[Leopard men]]'' would dress in [[leopard]] skins, waylaying travelers with sharp claw-like weapons in the form of leopards' claws and teeth.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unexplainedstuff.com/Secret-Societies/The-Leopard-Men.html |title=The Leopard Men |publisher=Unexplainedstuff.com |date=1948-01-10 |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref> The victims' flesh would be cut from their bodies and distributed to members of the society.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/RitualKillings1900_1950b.htm|title=The Leopard Society&nbsp;— Africa in the mid 1900s|accessdate=April 3, 2008}}</ref>

The [[Aghori]]s of northern [[India]] are a splinter sect of [[Hinduism]] who practice cannibalism in which they consume the flesh of the dead floated in the [[Ganges]] in pursuit of [[immortality]] and supernatural powers. Members of the Aghori drink from [[human skull]]s and practice cannibalism in the belief that eating human flesh confers spiritual and physical benefits, such as prevention of aging.<ref name=autogenerated1>[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/9842124/from/RL.4/ Indian doc focuses on Hindu cannibal sect], [[MSNBC]]</ref><ref name=Aghori>[http://www.abc.net.au/rn/encounter/stories/2006/1782966.htm Aghoris], [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]</ref><ref>[http://www.channel4.com/life/microsites/K/kumbhmela/plgrm_agoris.html The Aghoris], [[Channel 4]]</ref>

During the 1930s, multiple acts of cannibalism were reported from [[Ukraine]] and Russia's Volga, South Siberian and Kuban regions during the [[Soviet famine of 1932–1933]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3229000.stm|title=Ukraine marks great famine anniversary|date=2003-11-22|accessdate=2007-07-27 | work=BBC News | first=Yaroslav | last=Lukov}}</ref>

<blockquote>Survival was a moral as well as a physical struggle. A woman doctor wrote to a friend in June 1933 that she had not yet become a cannibal, but was “not sure that I shall not be one by the time my letter reaches you.” The good people died first. Those who refused to steal or to prostitute themselves died. Those who gave food to others died. Those who refused to eat corpses died. Those who refused to kill their fellow man died. ... At least 2,505 people were sentenced for cannibalism in the years 1932 and 1933 in Ukraine, though the actual number of cases was certainly much greater.<ref>Timothy Snyder. ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=n856VkLmF34C&pg=&dq&hl=en#v=onepage&q=&f=false Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin]''. Basic Books, 2010, pp.50–51. ISBN 0465002390</ref></blockquote>

Cannibalism was proven to have occurred in China during the [[Great Leap Forward]], when rural China was hit hard by [[drought]] and [[famine]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=The black book of communism |first1=Stephane |last1=Courtis |first2=Nicolas |last2=Werth |author3=et al |publisher=Harvard University Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Wild swans: three daughters of China |author=Jung Chang |publisher=Touchstone Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Daughter of the river: an autobiography |author=Hong Ying |publisher=Grove Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Hungry ghosts: Mao's secret famine |first=Jasper |last=Becker |publisher=Holt Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite video |title=Mao Tze Tung |publisher=History Channel}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|first1=Nicholas D |last1=Kristof |author1-link=Nicholas D. Kristof |first2=Sheryl |last2=WuDunn |title=[[China Wakes|China Wakes: the Struggle for the Soul of a Rising Power]] |publisher=Times Books |year=1994 |pages=73–75 |isbn=0-8129-2252-2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Scarlet Memorial: Tales Of Cannibalism In Modern China |author=Zheng Yi |publisher=Westview Press}}</ref>

Prior to 1931, ''[[New York Times]]'' reporter [[William Buehler Seabrook]], allegedly in the interests of research, obtained from a hospital intern at the [[Sorbonne]] a chunk of human meat from the body of a healthy human killed in an accident, then cooked and ate it. He reported, "It was like good, fully-developed [[veal]], not young, but not yet beef. It was very definitely like that, and it was not like any other meat I had ever tasted. It was so nearly like good, fully developed veal that I think no person with a palate of ordinary, normal sensitiveness could distinguish it from veal. It was mild, good meat with no other sharply defined or highly characteristic taste such as for instance, goat, high game, and pork have. The steak was slightly tougher than prime veal, a little stringy, but not too tough or stringy to be agreeably edible. The roast, from which I cut and ate a central slice, was tender, and in color, texture, smell as well as taste, strengthened my certainty that of all the meats we habitually know, veal is the one meat to which this meat is accurately comparable."<ref>William Bueller Seabrook. ''Jungle Ways'' London, Bombay, Sydney: George G. Harrap and Company, 1931</ref><ref>
Allen, Gary. 1999. [http://web.archive.org/web/20080202122009/http://food.oregonstate.edu/ref/culture/taboo_allen.html What is the Flavor of Human Flesh?] Presented at the Symposium Cultural and Historical Aspects of Foods Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.</ref>

In the [[gulag]], the [[USSR|Soviet]] writer [[Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn]] knew cases of cannibalism. In his book ''[[The Gulag Archipelago]]'' Solzhenitsyn described cases of cannibalism in 20th-century [[USSR]]. Of the [[Russian famine of 1921|famine in Povolzhie]] (1921–1922) he wrote: "That horrible famine was up to cannibalism, up to consuming children by their own parents&nbsp;— the famine, which Russia had never known even in [[Time of Troubles]] [in 1601–1603]..."<ref>A. Solzhenitsyn, ''The Gulag Archipelago'' Part I, Chapter 9</ref>

He said of the [[Siege of Leningrad]] (1941–1944): "Those who consumed human flesh, or dealt with the human liver trading from dissecting rooms... were accounted as the political criminals..."<ref>A. Solzhenitsyn, ''The Gulag Archipelago'', Part I, comments to Chapter 5</ref> And of the building of Northern Railway Prisoners Camp ("SevZhelDorLag") Solzhenitsyn reports, "An ordinary hard working political prisoner almost could not survive at that penal camp. In the camp SevZhelDorLag (chief: colonel Klyuchkin) in 1946–47 there were many cases of cannibalism: they cut human bodies, cooked and ate."<ref>A.Solzhenitsyn ''The Gulag Archipelago'', Part III, Chapter 15</ref>

The Soviet journalist [[Yevgenia Ginzburg]] was a former long-term political prisoner who spent time in the Soviet prisons, [[Gulag]] camps and settlements from 1938 to 1955. She described in her [[memoir]], ''Harsh Route'' (or ''Steep Route'') of a case, which she was directly involved in the late 1940s, after she had been moved to the prisoners' hospital.<ref>Yevgenia Ginzburg, ''Harsh Route'', Part 2, Chapter 23 "The Paradise On A Microscope View"</ref>
<blockquote>...The chief warder shows me the black smoked pot, filled with some food: 'I need your medical expertise regarding this meat.' I look into the pot, and hardly hold vomiting. The fibres of that meat are very small, and don't resemble me anything I have seen before. The skin on some pieces bristles with black hair (...) A former smith from Poltava, Kulesh worked together with Centurashvili. At this time, Centurashvili was only one month away from being discharged from the camp (...) And suddenly he surprisingly disappeared. The wardens looked around the hills, stated Kulesh's evidence, that last time Kulesh had seen his workmate near the fireplace, Kulesh went out to work and Centurashvili left to warm himself more; but when Kulesh returned to the fireplace, Centurashvili had vanished; who knows, maybe he got frozen somewhere in snow, he was a weak guy (...) The wardens searched for two more days, and then assumed that it was an escape case, though they wondered why, since his imprisonment period was almost over (...) The crime was there. Approaching the fireplace, Kulesh killed Centurashvili with an axe, burned his clothes, then dismembered him and hid the pieces in snow, in different places, putting specific marks on each burial place. ... Just yesterday, one body part was found under two crossed logs.</blockquote>

When [[Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571]] crashed into the [[Andes]] on October 13, 1972, the survivors resorted to eating the deceased during their 72 days in the mountains. Their story was later recounted in the books ''[[Alive: The Story of the Andes Survivors]]'' and ''[[Miracle in the Andes: 72 Days on the Mountain and My Long Trek Home|Miracle in the Andes]]'' as well as the film ''[[Alive (1993 film)|Alive]]'', by [[Frank Marshall (film producer)|Frank Marshall]], and the documentaries ''[[Alive: 20 Years Later]]'' (1993) and ''[[Stranded: I've Come from a Plane that Crashed in the Mountains]]'' (2008).

Cannibalism was reported by the journalist [[Neil Davis (cameraman)|Neil Davis]] during the South East Asian wars of the 1960s and 1970s. Davis reported that [[Cambodia]]n troops ritually ate portions of the slain enemy, typically the [[liver]]. However he, and many refugees, also report that cannibalism was practiced non-ritually when there was no food to be found. This usually occurred when towns and villages were under [[Khmer Rouge]] control, and food was strictly rationed, leading to widespread starvation. Any civilian caught participating in cannibalism would have been immediately executed.<ref>Tim Bowden. ''One Crowded Hour''. ISBN 0-00-217496-0</ref>
[[Image:Ju-ju house.png|thumb|190px|An 1873 [[Victorian era|Victorian]] illustration of a "[[Juju]] house" on the [[Gold Coast (region)|Gold Coast]] showing fetishised skulls and bones.]]
It has been reported by defectors and refugees that, at the height of the [[North Korean]] famine in 1996, cannibalism was sometimes practiced in [[North Korea]].<ref name="washingtonpost" />

===African reports===
During the 1892-1894 [[1892-1894 war in the Eastern Congo|war]] between the Congo Free State and the [[Swahili people|Swahili]]-[[Arab]] city-states of [[Nyangwe]] and [[Kasongo]] in Eastern [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo]], there were reports of widespread cannibalization of the bodies of defeated Arab combatants by the Batetela allies of [[Belgium|Belgian]] commander [[Francis, Baron Dhanis|Francis Dhanis]].<ref name="Pakenham 439-449">{{cite book |title= The Scramble for Africa: White Man's Conquest of the Dark Continent From 1876 to 1912|last= Pakenham|first= Thomas|year=1991 |publisher= Perennial|location= New York|isbn= 0-380-71999-1 (pbk.)|pages= 439–449}}</ref> The Batetela, "like most of their neighbors were inveterate cannibals."<ref name="Pakenham, 439">Pakenham, 439</ref> According to Dhanis' medical officer, [[Sidney Langford Hinde|Captain Hinde]], their town of Ngandu had "at least 2,000 polished human skulls" as a "solid white pavement in front" of its gates, with human skulls crowning every post of the stockade.<ref name="Pakenham, 439"/>

In April 1892, 10,000 of the Batetela, under the command of [[Gongo Lutete]], joined forces with Dhanis in a campaign against the [[Swahili people|Swahili]]-[[Arab]] leaders Sefu and Mohara.<ref name="Pakenham, 439"/> After one early skirmish in the campaign, Hinde "noticed that the bodies of both the killed and wounded had vanished." When fighting broke out again, Hinde saw his Batetela allies drop human arms, legs and heads on the road.<ref>Pakenham, 447</ref> One young Belgian officer wrote home: "Happily Gongo's men ate them up [in a few hours]. It's horrible but exceedingly useful and hygenic...I should have been horrified at the idea in Europe! But it seems quite natural to me here. Don't show this letter to anyone indiscreet."<ref>Slade, Ruth, "King Leopold's Congo" (1962), pg. 115, citing Lemery Papers, AMAA, in Pakenham, 447</ref>

Interestingly, however, Gongo Lutete himself was apparently sickened by the cannibalism of his own people, having been raised from an early age in Arab customs as a slave to the infamous [[Swahili people|Swahili]]-[[Zanzibar]]i merchant [[Tippu Tip]], who eventually freed Gongo in return for his bravery in battle. Accordingly, after the massacre at Nyangwe, [[Gongo Lutete|Gongo]] "hid himself in his quarters, appalled by the sight of thousands of men smoking human hands and human chops on their camp fires, enough to feed his army for many days."<ref name="Pakenham, 439"/>

In the 1980s, [[Médecins Sans Frontières]], the international medical charity, supplied photographic and other documentary evidence of ritualized cannibal feasts among the participants in [[Liberia]]'s internecine strife to representatives of [[Amnesty International]] who were on a fact-finding mission to the neighboring state of [[Guinea]]. However, Amnesty International declined to publicize this material; the Secretary-General of the organization, [[Pierre Sane]], said at the time in an internal communication that "what they do with the bodies after human rights violations are committed is not part of our mandate or concern". The existence of cannibalism on a wide scale in Liberia was subsequently verified.<ref>{{Cite journal|last = Gillison |first = Gillian |title = From Cannibalism to Genocide: The Work of Denial |journal = The Journal of Interdisciplinary History |volume = 37 |issue = 3 |pages = 395–414 |publisher = MIT Press Journals |date = 2006-11-13 |doi = 10.1162/jinh.2007.37.3.395 |ref = harv}}</ref>

The self-declared Emperor of the [[Central African Republic]], [[Jean-Bédel Bokassa]] (Emperor Bokassa I), was tried on 24 October 1986 for several cases of cannibalism although he was never convicted.<ref>{{Harvnb|Christenson|1991|p=37}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.americancivilrightsreview.com/dvafricacfrcannibal.html |title=Cannibal Emperor Bokassa Buried in Central African Republic |publisher=Americancivilrightsreview.com |date= |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref> Between 17 April and 19 April 1979 a number of elementary school students were arrested after they had protested against wearing the expensive, government-required [[school uniform]]s. Around 100 were killed. Bokassa is said to have participated in the massacre, beating some of the children to death with his cane and allegedly ate some of his victims.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,946313,00.html Papa in the Dock] ''Time'' Magazine</ref>

Cannibalism has been reported in several recent African conflicts, including the [[Second Congo War]], and the civil wars in [[Liberia]] and [[Sierra Leone]]. A [[U.N.]] human rights expert reported in July 2007 that sexual atrocities against Congolese women go "far beyond rape" and include [[sexual slavery]], forced [[incest]], and cannibalism.<ref name="farbeyond">[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/30/AR2007073001849.html Congo's Sexual Violence Goes 'Far Beyond Rape'], July 31, 2007. ''The Washington Post''.</ref> This may be done in desperation, as during peacetime cannibalism is much less frequent;<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/01/09/1041990047245.html |title=Cannibals massacring pygmies: claim |publisher=Smh.com.au |date=2003-01-10 |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref> at other times, it is consciously directed at certain groups believed to be relatively helpless, such as Congo [[Pygmies]], even considered subhuman by some other Congolese.<ref>Paul Salopek, "Who Rules the Forest", ''National Geographic'' September 2005, p. 85</ref> It is also reported by some that [[witch doctor]]s sometimes use the body parts of children in their medicine.<ref name="Child Sacrifices on the Rise in Uganda as Witch Doctors Expand Their Practices">[http://www.newstimeafrica.com/archives/10128 Child Sacrifices on the Rise in Uganda as Witch Doctors Expand Their Practices]; Ahmed Kamara, January 8, 2010, ''[http://www.newstimeafrica.com/archives/10128]'', Newstime Africa.</ref> In the 1970s the [[Uganda]]n dictator [[Idi Amin]] was reputed to practice cannibalism.<ref name="BBC_Idi_Amin_dies">{{Cite news| title = 2003: 'War criminal' Idi Amin dies | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/16/newsid_3921000/3921361.stm | publisher = BBC News | accessdate = 2007-12-04 | date=2003-08-16}}</ref><ref name="Riccardo_Orizio_2003">{{Cite news| first = Riccardo | last = Orizio | title = Idi Amin's Exile Dream
| url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01EFDA1F30F932A1575BC0A9659C8B63 | publisher = New York Times | date = 2003-08-21 | accessdate = 2007-12-04}}</ref>

In [[Uganda]], the [[Lord's Liberation Army]] routinely engage in ritual or magical cannibalism.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/06/05/AR2008060503430.html |title= Africa's Messiah of Horror |work = [[The Washington Post]] |date= June 6, 2008 |first= Michael |last= Gerson |authorlink= Michael Gerson |quote= This is ultimately the work and trademark of a single man: Joseph Kony, the most carnivorous killer since Idi Amin. }}</ref>

==Recent examples==
[[Albert Fish]] (first known victim, 1924) caused much argument over whether he was insane because he consumed his victims. He confessed to molesting more than four hundred children over twenty years and is believed to have murdered somewhere between six and fifteen children.<ref>Litton, S. (2006). "Characteristics of Child Molesters". In E. W. Hickey (Ed.). ''Sex Crimes and Paraphilia''. New Jersey: Pearson</ref> Psychiatrist Frederick Wertham described Fish as looking like “a meek and innocuous little old man, gentle and benevolent, friendly and polite. If you wanted someone to entrust your child to, he would be the one you would choose”.<ref>Cyriax, Oliver, Wilson, Colin, & Wilson, Damon. (2006). ''[[The Encyclopedia of Crime]]''. Woodstock: The Overlook Press. p. 144</ref> Fish’s most infamous murder is that of a little girl whose flesh he cut into strips, cooked with carrots, onions, and strips of bacon. This excited him sexually.<ref>Wilson, Colin and Donald Seaman. ''The Serial Killers''. Virgin Publishing Ltd. 2004, page 69.</ref> Wertham described how Fish’s account of the culinary process was “like a housewife describing her favorite methods of cooking. You had to remind yourself that this was a little girl he was talking about”.<ref>Howitt, D. (2006). "What Is the Role of Fantasy in Sex Offending?" ''[[Criminal Behavior and Mental Health]]'', 14 (3), 182-188</ref> When the same psychiatrist declared Fish mad, Fish disagreed and stated he was just “queer”.<ref name=Vronsky2004/>

[[Michael Woodmansee]] was convicted in 1983 of kidnapping and killing 5 year old Jason Foreman in 1975 in South Kingstown, [[Rhode Island]]. There was evidence at the time that Woodmansee wrote in his journal of eating the flesh of young Jason.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2011/03/08/father-says-murder-5-year-olds-killer/?intcmp=obinsite | work=Fox News | title=Father of Murdered 5-Year-Old Says He'll Make Sure Killer Suffers Same Fate | date=2011-03-08}}</ref>

Another serial killer, [[Jeffrey Dahmer]] of the United States, experimented with cannibalism before his arrest and imprisonment in 1991.

For [[Andrei Chikatilo]] (convicted in 1992), eating formed part of the sexual frenzy. It was an extreme extension of the love-bite.<ref name=Vronsky2004>Vronsky, P. (2004). ''Serial Killers – The Method and Madness of Monsters''. New York: The Berkley Publishing Group</ref> It involved biting off his victims' nipples, progressed to slicing off the tips of tongues, cutting off sexual organs, or biting off the boys’ testicles. With female victims, he removed the uterus. Chikatilo said, “I did not so much chew them as bite them, they were so beautiful and elastic”.<ref>White, J. (2007). "Evidence of Primary, Secondary, and Collateral Paraphilias Left at Serial Murder and Sex Offender Crime Scenes". ''[[Journal of Forensic Sciences]]'', 52(5), 1194-1201.</ref>

A court submission at the trial of perpetrators of the [[Bodies in barrels murders]] in [[South Australia]] revealed that two of the murderers fried and ate a part of their final victim in 1999.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200509/s1463414.htm |date=19 September 2005 |title=Snowtown killers "cooked victim's flesh" |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |accessdate=10 May 2010 |work=ABC News Online}}</ref>

[[Dorangel Vargas]] known as "El comegente", Spanish for "people-eater", was a [[serial killer]] and cannibal in [[Venezuela]]. Vargas killed and ate at least 10 men in a period of two years preceding his arrest in 1999.

In March 2001 in Germany, [[Armin Meiwes]] posted an [[Internet]] ad asking for "a well-built 18 to 30 year old to be slaughtered and consumed". The ad was answered by [[Bernd Jürgen Brandes]]. Meiwes stabbed Brandes in the neck with a kitchen knife, kissing him first then chopped him up into several pieces. He placed several piece of Mr Brandes in the freezer. Over the next few weeks, Meiwes defrosted and cooked parts of Brandes in olive oil and garlic and eventually consumed 20&nbsp;kg of human flesh. Meiwes was convicted of [[manslaughter]] and later, murder. The songs "Mein Teil" by [[Rammstein]] and "Eaten" by [[Bloodbath]] are based on this case.{{citation needed|date=January 2012}}

In a 2003 drug-related case, the [[rapper|rap artist]] [[Big Lurch]] was convicted of the murder and partial consumption of an acquaintance while both were under the influence of [[Phencyclidine|PCP]].<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20050315215416/http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?click_id=79&art_id=qw1050304681718C461&set_id=1 'Cannibal rapper killed for gangsta image'], iol.co.za, April 14, 2003 (archived from [http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?click_id=79&art_id=qw1050304681718C461&set_id=1 the original] on 2005-03-15)</ref>

In February 2004, a 39 year-old Briton named [[Peter Bryan]] from East London was caught after he killed and ate his friend. He had been arrested for murder previously, but was released shortly before this act was committed.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/8234249.stm | work=BBC News | title=NHS 'failed' over cannibal killer | date=2009-09-03 | accessdate=2010-04-28 | first=Nick | last=Triggle}}</ref>

In 2005, in [[Noida]], India, a man named Pandher was charged with sexually abusing and eating body parts of children of the nearby areas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_noida-serial-killer-had-a-disturbed-childhood_1072356 |title='Noida serial killer had a disturbed childhood' - India - DNA |publisher=Dnaindia.com |date=2007-01-02 |accessdate=2011-04-03}}</ref>

In September 2006, Australian television crews from current affairs programs ''[[60 Minutes (Australian TV program)|60 Minutes]]'' and ''[[Today Tonight]]'' attempted to rescue a six year-old boy who they believed would be ritually eaten by his tribe, the [[Korowai]], from [[West Papua (region)|West Papua]], [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/mediawatch/transcripts/s1743768.htm|title=Why 7 Ate 9 OR Wawa's TV Dinner|publisher=ABC TV Mediawatch|accessdate=2007-10-03}}</ref>

A count of 25 [[albino]] Tanzanians have been murdered since March 2007 reportedly through [[witch doctor]] butchery arising from prevailing superstition.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7518049.stm Living in fear: Tanzania's albinos], BBC News</ref><ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/nov/16/tanzania-humanrights Albino Africans live in fear after witch-doctor butchery], ''The Observer'', November 16, 2008</ref> In 2008, [[Tanzania]]'s President [[Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete|Kikwete]] publicly condemned witch doctors for killing people with albinism for their body parts, which are thought to bring good luck.

On September 14, 2007, a man named [[Özgür Dengiz]] was captured in [[Ankara]], the [[Turkey|Turkish]] capital, after killing and eating a man. After cutting slices of flesh from his victim's body, Dengiz distributed the rest to stray dogs on the street, according to his own testimony. He ate some of the man's flesh raw on his way home. Dengiz, who lived with his parents, arrived at the family house and placed the remaining parts of the body in the fridge without saying a word to his parents.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=122330 |title=Newspaper '&#39;Today's Zaman'&#39; September 17, 2007 |publisher=Todayszaman.com |date=2007-09-17 |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref><ref>[http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2007/09/16/guncel/agun.html Newspaper ''Milliyet'' September 16, 2007] {{tr icon}}</ref>

In January 2008, notorious Liberian ex-rebel and reformed warlord [[Joshua Blahyi]], 37, confessed to participating in [[human sacrifice]]s which "included the killing of an innocent child and plucking out the [[Human heart|heart]], which was divided into pieces for us to eat." The cannibalism of many children occurred during the conflict in which Blahyi fought against [[Liberia]]n president [[Charles Taylor (Liberia)|Charles Taylor]]'s [[militia]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Paye |first=Jonathan |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7200101.stm |title= I ate children's hearts, ex-rebel says |work=BBC News |date=2008-01-22 |accessdate=2009-08-30}}</ref>

During the same Charles Taylor's [[war crime]]s trial on March 13, 2008, [[Joseph Marzah]], Taylor's chief of operations and head of Taylor's alleged "death squad", accused Taylor of ordering his soldiers to commit acts of cannibalism against enemies, including peacekeepers and [[United Nations]] personnel.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/03/13/warcrimes.taylor.ap/index.html AP:Top Aide testifies Taylor ordered soldiers to eat victims], CNN.com, March 13, 2008 (accessed same date)</ref>

The [[murder of Tim McLean]] occurred on the evening of July 30, 2008. McLean, a 22-year-old Canadian man, was stabbed, beheaded and cannibalized while riding a Greyhound Canada bus. According to witnesses, McLean was sleeping with his headphones on when the man sitting next to him, Vince Weiguang Li, suddenly produced a large knife and began stabbing McLean in the neck and chest. The attacker then decapitated McLean, severed other body parts, and consumed some of McLean's flesh.

In a documentary by [[Colombia]]n journalist Hollman Morris, a demobilized [[Paramilitarism in Colombia|paramilitary]] confessed that during the [[mass murder|mass killings]] that take place in Colombia's rural areas, many of the paras performed cannibalism. He also confesses that they were told to drink the blood of their victims in the belief that it would make them want to kill more.<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uYcMKq6jBCs "Confesiones de un Ex-paramilitar" (parte I) //CONTRAVÍA//], YouTube.</ref>

In November 2008, a group of 33 illegal immigrants from the [[Dominican Republic]] who were en route to [[Puerto Rico]], resorted to cannibalism after they were lost at sea for over 15 days before being rescued by a [[United States Coast Guard|U.S. Coast Guard]] patrol boat.<ref>[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27531105/ Dominican migrant: We ate flesh to survive - A small group turned to cannibalism after being stranded in mid-ocean], MSNBC.com, November 4, 2008</ref>

In January 2009, Maxim Golovatskikh and Yury Mozhnov were accused of murdering and eating 16 year-old Karina Barduchian in Russia.<ref>{{cite news|author=Will Stewart|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/worldnews/article-1263982/Cannibal-trial-halted-juror-falls-ill-looking-pictures-girl-16-eaten-potatoes.html|title=Cannibal trial halted after juror falls ill looking at pictures of girl, 16, who was 'eaten with potatoes'|date=2010, April 6|work=Daily Mail Online|location=London}}</ref>

As of February 9, 2009, five members of the [[Kulina (tribe of Brazil)|Kulina]] tribe in [[Brazil]] were wanted by Brazilian authorities on the charge of murdering, butchering and eating a farmer in a ritual act of cannibalism.<ref name="Kunira">[http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/americas/02/09/brazil.ritual.cannibalism/index.html?iref=mpstoryview "Amazon Indians accused of cannibalizing farmer"] (2009, 9 February), CNN.</ref>

On November 14, 2009, three homeless men in [[Perm, Russia]] were arrested for killing and eating the parts of a 25 year-old male victim. The remaining body parts were then sold to a local pie and kebab house.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/3-suspected-of-cannibalism/389513.html|title=3 Suspected of Cannibalism|work=The Moscow Times|date=2009, 16 November 2009}}</ref>

In April, 2011, in the town of [[Darya Khan]], Punjab, Pakistan, two brothers were arrested for eating human corpses stolen from graves. They were cooking body parts for meal when arrested; the police also recovered remains of human body parts from their house.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-12989074|title='Pakistani duo are accused of cannibalism' |publisher=bbcnews.com |accessdate=2011-04-07|date=2011-04-06}}</ref>

In August 2011, the police found, along parts of other person's bodies, in Matej Curko's "fridge of horrors", body parts of two Slovakian women who disappeared in 2010.<ref>[http://www.corriere.it/english/11_agosto_02/cannibal-victims_fa52f944-bcf3-11e0-b530-d2ad6f731cf9.shtml Slovak Cannibal’s Possible Italian Victims – Thirty Missing Women Profiled], August 2, 2011, Massimo Sideri, Corriere della Sera</ref>

In September 2011, German media reported that investigators were certain that Henri Haiti killed, dismembered and ate German tourist Stefan Ramin on a round-the-world trip with his partner.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2049910/Stefan-Ramin-eaten-cannibals-Charred-bones-search-missing-sailor.html | location=London | work=Daily Mail | first=Allan | last=Hall | title=Teeth found among charred remains on South Sea island are those of missing German sailor who was 'eaten by cannibals' | date=2011-10-17}}</ref>

In April 2012, a man and two women were arrested in the town of [[Garanhuns]], [[Pernambuco]], [[Brazil]] for murdering at least two women and eating their flesh (and forcing a 5-year-old girl to eat it too). One of the female suspects is said to have used some of the flesh of her victims for making pasties, which she allegedly sold in the town.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-17710617 | title=Brazil murder suspects 'confess to cannibalism' |publisher=bbcnews.com |acessdate=2012-04-14|date=2012-04-13}}</ref>

In May 2012, actor Shia Labeouf was finally recognized for his cannibalistic ways after pursuing a young man through a remote location in [[Colorado]]. He was stopped only after getting stabbed in the kidneys.

===Cannibalism on live TV show===
On December 20, 2011 Yahoo News reported a case of televised cannibalism on Dutch TV.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/offbeat/12412773/tv-presenters-eat-each-others-flesh|title='Cannibalism on a live TV'|publisher=yahoo.com |accessdate=2011-12-20|date=2011-12-20}}</ref> The two presenters of live TV show “Proefkonijnen,” Dennis Storm and Valerio Zeno were earlier filmed while they were under local anaesthetic as a surgeon cut a piece of their muscle at a clinic. A chef was brought in to fry their flesh on their TV show, in front of a studio audience. Zeno and Storm then sat for a candlelit dinner - complete with wine - to dine on each other's muscle.

==See also==
{{Commons category}}
* [[Alferd Packer]], an American prospector, accused but not convicted of cannibalism
* [[Androphagi]], an ancient nation of cannibals
* [[Asmat people]], a Papua group with a reputation of cannibalism
* [[Cannibalism in popular culture]]
* [[Cannibalism (poultry)]]
* [[Chijon family]], a Korean gang that killed and ate rich people
* [[Homo antecessor]], an extinct human species, suspected of practicing cannibalism
* [[Issei Sagawa]], a popular Japanese celebrity who killed and ate a fellow student
* [[Manifesto Antropófago]], (Cannibal Manifesto in English), a Brazilian poem
* [[Noida serial murders]], a widely publicized instance of cannibalism in India
* [[Placentophagy]], the act of mammals eating the placenta of their young after childbirth
* [[R v Dudley and Stephens]], an important trial of two men accused of shipwreck cannibalism
* [[Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy]], a progressive condition that affect the brain and nervous system of many animals, including humans
* [[Vorarephilia]], a sexual fetish and paraphilia where arousal occurs from the idea of cannibalism
* [[Wari’ people]], an Amerindian tribe that practiced cannibalism

==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://myhealth-guide.org/cannibalism-and-amyloidosis/776 Is there a relation between cannibalism and amyloidosis?]
* [http://www.crimelibrary.com/criminal_mind/psychology/cannibalism/ All about Cannibalism: The Ancient Taboo in Modern Times (Cannibalism Psychology)] at [[CrimeLibrary.com]]
* [http://www.margencero.com/montoya/canibalismo_english.htm '''Cannibalism''', Víctor Montoya]
* [http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a3_054.html The Straight Dope] Notes arguing that routine cannibalism is myth
* [http://www.straightdope.com/columns/050923.html Did a mob of angry Dutch kill and eat their prime minister?] (from [[The Straight Dope]])
* [http://www.lehigh.edu/~ejg1/natimag/Harry.html Harry J. Brown, 'Hans Staden among the Tupinambas.']

{{feeding}}
{{Types of crime}}

[[Category:Cannibalism| ]]
[[Category:Sins]]
[[Category:Crimes]]
[[Category:Crimes against humanity]]
[[Category:Causes of death]]
[[Category:Murder]]

[[ar:أكل لحوم البشر]]
[[bn:ক্যানিবালিজম]]
[[bg:Канибализъм]]
[[ca:Canibalisme]]
[[cs:Kanibalismus]]
[[cy:Canibaliaeth]]
[[da:Kannibalisme]]
[[de:Kannibalismus]]
[[et:Kannibalism]]
[[el:Κανιβαλισμός]]
[[es:Canibalismo]]
[[eo:Kanibalismo]]
[[fa:آدم‌خواری]]
[[fr:Cannibalisme]]
[[fy:Kannibalisme]]
[[ko:식인]]
[[hi:नरभक्षण]]
[[io:Kanibaleso]]
[[id:Kanibalisme]]
[[is:Mannát]]
[[it:Cannibalismo]]
[[he:קניבליזם]]
[[kn:ನರಭಕ್ಷಕತನ]]
[[ka:კანიბალიზმი]]
[[lv:Kanibālisms]]
[[lt:Kanibalizmas]]
[[mk:Канибализам]]
[[arz:كانيباليه]]
[[ms:Kanibalisme]]
[[nl:Kannibalisme]]
[[ja:カニバリズム]]
[[no:Kannibalisme]]
[[uz:Kannibalizm]]
[[pl:Kanibalizm]]
[[pt:Canibalismo]]
[[ro:Canibalism]]
[[ru:Каннибализм]]
[[sq:Kanibalët]]
[[simple:Cannibalism]]
[[sk:Ľudožrútstvo]]
[[sl:Kanibalizem]]
[[so:Dadqalato]]
[[sr:Канибализам]]
[[sh:Kanibalizam]]
[[fi:Kannibalismi]]
[[sv:Kannibalism]]
[[ta:தன்னின உயிருண்ணி]]
[[tr:Yamyamlık]]
[[uk:Канібалізм]]
[[ur:آدم خور]]
[[vi:Ăn thịt đồng loại]]
[[yi:קאניבאליזם]]
[[zh:同类相食]]

Revision as of 14:57, 2 May 2012

Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf Shia LaBoeuf

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Human_cannibalism&oldid=490306088"