List of automotive light bulb types: Difference between revisions
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== International == |
== International == |
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| ⚫ | The [[World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations]] develops and maintains international-consensus UN Regulations on light sources acceptable for use in lamps on vehicles and trailers type-approved for use in countries that recognise the UN Regulations. These include Regulation 37,<ref name=R37r7> [http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/R037r7e.pdf ECE Regulation No. 37: Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Filament Lamps for Use in Approved Lamp Units on Power-Driven Vehicles and of their Trailers, Revision 7</ref> which contains specifications for filament lamps, Regulation 99 and its addenda<ref name="R99r2">[http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/r099r2e.pdf ECE Regulation No. 99: Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Light Sources for Use in Approved Gas-Discharge Lamp Units of Power-Driven Vehicles]</ref><ref>[http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/R099r2am3e.pdf ECE Regulation 99 Amendment 3]</ref> |
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Although the following regulations are promulgated under the auspices of the '''United Nations Economic Commission for Europe''', in accord with the 1958 Agreement originally intended to standardize vehicle equipment throughout Europe, it is no longer accurate (and therefore not encyclopedic) to refer to them as European regulations. |
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which covers light sources for [[Headlamp#HID (xenon)|high-intensity discharge]] headlamps, and Regulation 127 for [[Light emitting diode|LED modules]]. Some UN-approved bulb types are also permitted by some other regulations, such as those of the United States or of Japan, though Japan has begun supplanting the former Japanese national regulations with the international UN regulations. |
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| ⚫ | |||
That is because the 1958 Agreement was opened to worldwide participation in 1995, and many non-European countries are now contracting parties. The nomenclature has been changed to reflect that reality; the term "ECE Regulations" (Economic Commission for Europe) is officially deprecated in favour of '''UN Regulations'''. |
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UN Regulation 37 covers motor vehicle filament lamps. These are categorized in three groups: those without general restriction that can be used in any application, those acceptable only for signalling lights (not for road illumination lamps), and those no longer allowable as light sources for new type approvals but still permitted for production as replacement parts. |
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The UN Regulations are officially recognised by a long list of countries well beyond Europe. Moreover, they are developed by truly international consensus with active participation by South Africa, China, Australia, Korea, Russia, Japan, India, United States, and Canada; though the US does not officially recognise UN Regs and Canada recognises only a few of them, participation in WP.29 is not a binary yes/no deal; countries are free to sign the agreement and not apply any of the UN Regulations, thereby not being obliged to recognise those regulations. They can still participate in the regulatory development. |
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| ⚫ | |||
The [[World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations]] maintains ECE Regulation Number 37,<ref name=R37r7> [http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/R037r7e.pdf ECE Regulation No. 37: Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Filament Lamps for Use in Approved Lamp Units on Power-Driven Vehicles and of their Trailers, Revision 7</ref> which contains specifications for filament lamps acceptable for use in lamps on vehicles and trailers type-approved for use in countries applying the international ECE regulations. Some ECE-approved bulb types are also permitted by other regulations, such as those of the United States or of Japan, though Japan has begun supplanting the former Japanese national regulations with the international ECE regulations. Lamps in Regulation 37 are divided into three groups: those without general restriction that can be used in any application, those acceptable only for signalling lights (not for road illumination lamps), and those no longer allowable as light sources for new type approvals but still permitted for production as replacement parts. |
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=== Gas discharge lamps === |
=== Gas discharge lamps === |
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UN Regulation 99 covers gas discharge light sources for use in vehicle headlamps. All light sources acceptable under Regulation 99 are also acceptable under US regulations. |
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| ⚫ | The World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations |
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Revision as of 19:03, 23 October 2012
A modern vehicle uses different kinds of lamps for multiple purposes: illumination for the driver to be able to drive in dark conditions, illumination to be seen and lights for information displays. Types of these lamps vary depending on the purpose and different car manufacturers and models use different types, with lamp bases adapted for vibration. The types of lamp approved and the bulb designations used vary in different parts of the world.
International
The World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations develops and maintains international-consensus UN Regulations on light sources acceptable for use in lamps on vehicles and trailers type-approved for use in countries that recognise the UN Regulations. These include Regulation 37,[1] which contains specifications for filament lamps, Regulation 99 and its addenda[2][3] which covers light sources for high-intensity discharge headlamps, and Regulation 127 for LED modules. Some UN-approved bulb types are also permitted by some other regulations, such as those of the United States or of Japan, though Japan has begun supplanting the former Japanese national regulations with the international UN regulations.
Filament lamps
UN Regulation 37 covers motor vehicle filament lamps. These are categorized in three groups: those without general restriction that can be used in any application, those acceptable only for signalling lights (not for road illumination lamps), and those no longer allowable as light sources for new type approvals but still permitted for production as replacement parts.
| Category | Filaments | Nominal power (major/minor filament where applicable) |
Cap (base) per IEC 60061 |
Other approvals | Remarks | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1 | 1 | 6V & 12V: 55W 24V: 70W |
P14.5s | USA, Japan | 
| |
| H3 | 1 | 6V & 12V: 55W 24V: 70W |
PK22s | USA, Japan | 
| |
| H4 | 2 | 6V & 12V: 60/55W 24V: 75/70W |
P43t | Japan | Similar US bulb: HB2 (9003)[4] | 
|
| H7 | 1 | 12V: 55W 24V: 70W |
PX26d | USA, Japan | 
| |
| H8 | 1 | 12V: 35W | PGJ19-1 | USA | 
| |
| H8B | 1 | 12V: 35W | PGJY19-1 | USA | ||
| H9 | 1 | 12V: 65W | PGJ19-5 | USA | ||
| H9B | 1 | 12V: 65W | PGJY19-5 | USA | ||
| H10 | 1 | 12V: 42W | PY20d | USA | US trade # 9145 | |
| H11 | 1 | 12V: 55W 24V: 70W |
PGJ19-2 | USA | ||
| H11B | 1 | 12V: 55W 24V: 70W |
PGJY19-2 | USA | ||
| H12 | 1 | 12V: 53W | PZ20d | USA | US trade # 9055 | |
| H13 | 2 | 12V: 60/55W | P26.4t | USA | US trade # 9008 | |
| H13A | 2 | 12V: 60/55W | PJ26.4t | USA | ||
| H14 | 2 | 12V: 60/55W | P38t | Japan | ||
| H15 | 2 | 12V: 55/15W | PGJ23t-1 | USA | 15w filament for DRL function | 
|
| H16 | 1 | 12V: 19W | PGJ19-3 | |||
| H16B | 1 | 12V: 19W | PGJY19-3 | |||
| H21W | 1 | 12V & 24V: 21W | BAY9s | |||
| H27W/1 | 1 | 12V: 27W | PG13 | USA | US trade # 880 | |
| H27W/2 | 1 | 12V: 27W | PGJ13 | USA | US trade # 881 | |
| HB3 | 1 | 12V: 60W | P20d 90° | USA, Japan | US trade # 9005 | |
| HB3A | 1 | 12V: 60W | P20d 180° | USA | US trade # 9005XS | |
| HB4 | 1 | 12V: 51W | P22d 90° | USA, Japan | US trade # 9006 | |
| HB4A | 1 | 12V: 51W | P22d 180° | USA | US trade # 9006XS | |
| HIR1 | 1 | 12V: 60W | PX20d | USA, Japan | US trade # 9011 | |
| HIR2 | 1 | 12V: 55W | PX22d | USA, Japan | US trade # 9012 | |
| HS1 | 2 | 6V & 12V: 35/35W | PX43t | For motorcycles | ||
| HS2 | 1 | 6V & 12V: 15W | PX13.5s | For motorcycles | ||
| HS5 | 2 | 12V: 35/30W | P23t | For motorcycles | ||
| HS5A | 2 | 12V: 45/40W | PX23t | For motorcycles | ||
| HS6 | 2 | 12V: 40/35W | PX26.4t | For motorcycles | ||
| PX24W | 1 | 12V: 24W | PGU20-7 | |||
| PSX24W | 1 | 12V: 24W | PG20-7 | |||
| PSX26W | 1 | 12V: 26W | PG18.5d-3 | |||
| S2 | 2 | 6V & 12V: 35/35W | BA20d | For motorcycles | ||
| S3 | 2 | 6V & 12V: 15W | P26s | For mopeds |
| Category | Cap (Base) | Filaments | Nominal Power (Major/Minor where applicable) |
Comments | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C5W | SV8.5 | 1 | 6V, 12V, 24V: 5W | Old designation: C11 | 
|
| H6W | BAX9s | 1 | 12V: 6W | 
| |
| HY6W | BAZ9s | 1 | 12V: 6W | Amber | |
| H10W/1 | BAU9s | 1 | 12V: 10W | ||
| HY10W | BAUZ9s | 1 | 12V: 10W | Amber | |
| H21W | BAY9s | 1 | 12V & 24V: 21W | ||
| HY21W | BAW9s | 1 | 12V & 24V: 21W | Amber | |
| P13W | PG18.5d-1 | 1 | 12V: 13W | ||
| PW13W | WP3.3×14.5-7 | 1 | 12V: 13W | ||
| PC16W | PU20d-1 | 1 | 12V: 16W | ||
| PCR16W | PU20d-7 | 1 | 12V: 16W | Red | |
| PW16W | WP3.3×14.5-8 | 1 | 12V: 16W | ||
| PWR16W | WP3.3×14.5-10 | 1 | 12V: 16W | Red | |
| PWY16W | WP3.3×14.5-9 | 1 | 12V: 16W | Amber | |
| PS19W | PG20-1 | 1 | 12V: 19W | ||
| PSY19W | PG20-2 | 1 | 12V: 19W | Amber | |
| PW19W | WP3.3×14.5-1 | 1 | 12V: 19W | ||
| PWR19W | WP3.3×14.5-5 | 1 | 12V: 19W | Red | |
| PWY19W | WP3.3×14.5-2 | 1 | 12V: 19W | Amber | |
| P21W | BA15s | 1 | 6V, 12V, 24V: 21W | Old designation: P25-1 | 
|
| PR21W | BAW15s | 1 | 12V & 24V: 21W | Red | |
| PY21W | BAU15s | 1 | 12V & 24V: 21W | Amber | |
| P21/4W | BAZ15d | 2 | 12V & 24V: 21/4W | ||
| PR21/4W | BAU15d | 2 | 12V & 24V: 21/4W | Red | |
| P21/5W | BAY15d | 2 | 6V, 12V, 24V: 21/5W | Old designation: P25-2 | 
|
| PR21/5W | BAW15d | 2 | 12V & 24V: 21/5W | Red | |
| P24W | PGU20-3 | 1 | 12V: 24W | ||
| PY24W | PGU20-4 | 1 | 12V: 24W | Amber | |
| PH24WY | 1 | 12V: 24W | Amber | 
| |
| PS24W | PG20-3 | 1 | 12V: 24W | ||
| PSY24W | PG20-4 | 1 | 12V: 24W | Amber | 
|
| PW24W | WP3.3×14.5-3 | 1 | 12V: 24W | ||
| PWR24W | WP3.3×14.5-6 | 1 | 12V: 24W | Red | |
| PWY24W | WP3.3×14.5-4 | 1 | 12V: 24W | Amber | |
| P27W | W2.5×16d | 1 | 12V: 27W | US trade # 3156 | |
| P27/7W | W2.5×16q | 2 | 12V: 27/7W | US trade # 3157 | 
|
| PR27/7W | WU2.5x16 | 2 | 12V: 27/7W | Red | |
| PY27/7W | WX2.5x16q | 2 | 12V: 27/7W | Amber US trade # 3757A |
|
| R5W | BA15s | 1 | 6V, 12V, 24V: 5W | Old designation: R19/5 | 
|
| RR5W | BAW15s | 1 | 12V & 24V: 5W | Red | |
| R10W | BA15s | 1 | 6V, 12V, 24V: 10W | Old designation: R19/10 | 
|
| RR10W | BAW15s | 1 | 12V & 24V: 10W | Red | |
| RY10W | BAU15s | 1 | 6V, 12V, 24V: 10W | Amber | |
| T1.4W | P11.5d | 1 | 12V: 1.4W | ||
| T4W | BA9s | 1 | 6V, 12V, 24V: 4W | Old designation: T8/4 | 
|
| W2.3W | W2×4.6d | 1 | 12V: 2.3W | ||
| WY2.3W | W2×4.6d | 1 | 12V: 2.3W | Amber | |
| W3W | W2.1×9.5d | 1 | 6V, 12V, 24V: 3W | Old designation: W10/3 | |
| W5W | W2.1×9.5d | 1 | 6V, 12V, 24V: 5W | Old designation: W10/5 | 
|
| WR5W | W2.1×9.5d | 1 | 12V & 24V: 5W | Red | |
| WY5W | W2.1×9.5d | 1 | 6V, 12V, 24V: 5W | Amber | |
| W10W | W2.1×9.5d | 1 | 6V & 12V: 10W | ||
| WY10W | W2.1×9.5d | 1 | 6V & 12V: 10W | ||
| W15/5W | WZ3×16q | 2 | 12V: 15/5W | for motorcycles | |
| W16W | W2.1×9.5d | 1 | 12V: 16W | US trade # 921 | 
|
| WY16W | W2.1×9.5d | 1 | 12V: 16W | Amber, US trade # 921NA | |
| W21W | W3×16d | 1 | 12V: 21W | US trade # 7440 | 
|
| WY21W | WX3×16d | 1 | 12V: 21W | Amber US designation: 7440NA |
|
| WP21W | WY2.5×16d | 1 | 12V: 21W | ||
| WPY21W | WZ2.5×16d | 1 | 12V: 21W | Amber | |
| W21/5W | W3×16q | 2 | 12V: 21/5W | US designation: 7443 | |
| WR21/5W | WY3×16q | 2 | 12V: 21/5W | Red |
| Category | Cap (Base) | Filaments | Nominal power | Comments | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C21W | SV8.5 | 1 | 12V: 21W | Old designation: C15, for reversing lamp only |
|
| H2[5] | X511 | 1 | 12V/55W | Deleted from Reg 37 | 
|
| P19W | PGU20-1 | 1 | 12V: 19W | ||
| PC16W | PU20d-1 | 1 | 12V: 16W | ||
| PCR16W | PU20d-7 | 1 | 12V: 16W | Red | |
| PCY16W | PU20d-2 | 1 | 12V: 16W | Amber | |
| PR19W | PGU20-5 | 1 | 12V: 19W | Red | |
| PY19W | PGU20-2 | 1 | 12V: 19W | Amber | |
| PSR19W | PG20-5 | 1 | 12V: 19W | Red | |
| PSR24W | PG20-6 | 1 | 12V: 24W | Red | |
| PR24W | PGU20-6 | 1 | 12V: 24W | Red | |
| S1 | BA20d | 2 | 6V & 12V: 25/25W | for motorcycles |
Gas discharge lamps
UN Regulation 99 covers gas discharge light sources for use in vehicle headlamps. All light sources acceptable under Regulation 99 are also acceptable under US regulations.
| Category | Cap (Base) | Nominal power | Remarks | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| D1R | PK32d-3 | 85V/35W | Integral ignitor For reflector systems |
|
| D1S | PK32d-2 | 85V/35W | Integral ignitor For projector systems |
|
| D2R | P32d-3 | 85V/35W | For reflector systems | |
| D2S | P32d-2 | 85V/35W | For projector systems | 
|
| D3R | PK32d-6 | 42V/35W | Mercury-free Integral ignitor For reflector systems |
|
| D3S | PK32d-5 | 42V/35W | Mercury-free Integral ignitor For projector systems |
|
| D4R | P32d-6 | 42V/35W | Mercury-free For reflector systems |
|
| D4S | P32d-5 | 42V/35W | Mercury-free For projector systems |
|
| D5S | PK32d-[7] | 42V: 25W | Ballast output voltage | |
| D6S | P32d-1 | 42V: 25W | ||
| D8S | PK32d-1 | 42V: 25W |
Germany
There is a German national regulation for vehicle bulbs, now superseded by international ECE regulations. Bulbs according to the old German regulation are still manufactured. The German regulation is contained in §22a, Subsection 1, No. 18 of the Straßenverkehrs-Zulassungs-Ordnung (StVZO, Road Traffic Approval Regulation).[6] Per the Fahrzeugteileverordnung (FzTV, Vehicle Parts Regulation), such light bulbs must bear an approval mark consisting of a sine wave (squiggle line) and the letter 'K'. The technical requirements themselves are established by standards produced by DIN.
| Category | Nominal power | Filaments | Cap (Base) | Comments | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Form K (DIN 72601, Part 4) | 6V, 10W | 1 | SV8.5-8 | 11 × 41 mm | |
| Form K (DIN 72601, Part 4) | 12V, 10W | 1 | SV8.5-8 | 11 × 41 mm | |
| Form K (DIN 72601, Part 6) | 6V, 18W | 1 | SV8.5-8 | 15 × 41 mm | |
| Form K (DIN 72601, Part 6) | 12V, 18W | 1 | SV8.5-8 | 15 × 41 mm | |
| Form K (DIN 72601, Part 6) | 24V, 18W | 1 | SV8.5-8 | 15 × 41 mm | |
| Form R (DIN 72601, Part 6) | 6V, 18W | 1 | BA15s | ||
| Form R (DIN 72601, Part 6) | 12V, 18W | 1 | BA15s | ||
| Form R (DIN 72601, Part 6) | 24V, 18W | 1 | BA15s | ||
| Form S (DIN 72601, Part 7) | 6V, 18/5W | 2 | BAY15d | ||
| Form S (DIN 72601, Part 7) | 12V, 18/5W | 2 | BAY15d | ||
| Form S (DIN 72601, Part 7) | 24V, 18/5W | 2 | BAY15d |
United States and Canada
In the United States, entry 49 CFR 564 in the Code of Federal Regulations requires manufacturers of headlight bulbs, officially known as "replaceable light sources", to furnish the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) with product specifications at least 60 days prior to first use.[7] The specifications supplied by the manufacturer, on approval by NHTSA, are entered in Federal docket NHTSA-1998-3397.[8] From then on, any light source made and certified by any manufacturer as conforming to the specifications is legal for use in headlamps certified as conforming to Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108. Light sources for vehicle lamps other than headlamps are not Federally regulated.
In Canada, vehicle headlamps may use light sources (bulbs) conforming to either the US or the international ECE regulations.[9]: 108(5)(a)
| Bulb Type | Trade Number[10] | Cap (Base) | Filaments | Nominal power @ 12.8v (High/Low beam where applicable) |
Comments | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HB1 | 9004 | P29t | 2 | 65/45W | ||
| HB2 | 9003 | P43t-38 | 2 | 60/55W | European H4 w/stricter geometric tolerances & lower max output limit |
|
| HB3 | 9005 | P20d (90°) | 1 | 65W | ||
| HB3A | 9005XS | P20d (straight) | 1 | 65W | HB3 w/180° straight base | |
| HB4 | 9006 | P22d (90°) | 1 | 55W | ||
| HB4A | 9006XS | P22d (180° straight) | 1 | 55W | HB4 w/180° straight base | |
| HB5 | 9007 | PX29t | 2 | 65/55W | ||
| H13 | 9008 | P26t | 2 | 65/55W |
Many types of lamps are used for turn signal, brake lamps, side and clearance marker lamps, and interior lamps. Type numbers standardized by ANSI are used by manufacturers to identify bulbs with the same specifications. Bases may be bayonet-type with one or two contacts, plastic or glass wedge, or other types such as wire-loop or metal caps used on tubular lamps. Screw-base lamps are never used in automobile applications due to their loosening under vibration. Signal lamps may have clear bulbs, or may be coated red or amber to provide extra contrast in brake-lamp and turn-signal applications.
| Category | Cap (Base) | Filaments | Nominal power | Comments | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PC194[11] | ? | 1 | 14V?/3.78W, ? | Used on circuit boards for e.g. dash lights |
|
Other countries
| Category | Cap (Base) | Filaments | Electrical Characteristics | Comments | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H3C | 1 | 6V/55W, 12V/55W, 24V/70W |
Japan (USA for unregulated auxiliary lamps only) |
|
See also
References
- ^ [http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/R037r7e.pdf ECE Regulation No. 37: Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Filament Lamps for Use in Approved Lamp Units on Power-Driven Vehicles and of their Trailers, Revision 7
- ^ ECE Regulation No. 99: Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Light Sources for Use in Approved Gas-Discharge Lamp Units of Power-Driven Vehicles
- ^ ECE Regulation 99 Amendment 3
- ^ H4, HB2, and 9003 bulbs H4 vs. HB2 vs. 9003: What's the Difference?
- ^ http://www.donsbulbs.com/cgi-bin/r/b.pl/h2~donsbulbs.html H2 at Don's Bulbs
- ^ http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stra%C3%9Fenverkehrs-Zulassungs-Ordnung
- ^ "49 CFR 564 - Replaceable Light Source Information" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office.
- ^ NHTSA Docket 1998-3397: Replaceable Light Source Information
- ^ Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108
- ^ List of approved replaceable light sources for U.S. headlamps
- ^ http://www.donsbulbs.com/cgi-bin/r/b.pl/pc194.html PC194 at donsbulbs.com