Liatris: Difference between revisions
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|familia = [[Asteraceae]] |
|familia = [[Asteraceae]] |
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|tribus = [[Eupatorieae]] |
|tribus = [[Eupatorieae]] |
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|genus = '''Liatris''' |
|genus = '''''Liatris''''' |
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|genus_authority = [[Joseph Gaertner|Gaertn.]] ex [[Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber|Schreb.]] |
|genus_authority = [[Joseph Gaertner|Gaertn.]] ex [[Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber|Schreb.]] |
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|subdivision_ranks = [[Species]] |
|subdivision_ranks = [[Species]] |
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|subdivision = |
|subdivision = About 37, see text |
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|}} |
|}} |
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[[Image:Liatris aspera3.jpg|thumb|right|thumb|''Liatris aspera'' |
[[Image:Liatris aspera3.jpg|thumb|right|thumb|''[[Liatris aspera]]'']] |
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'''''Liatris''''' ({{IPAc-en|l|aɪ|ˈ|æ|t|r|ɨ|s}};<ref>''Sunset Western Garden Book |
'''''Liatris''''' ({{IPAc-en|l|aɪ|ˈ|æ|t|r|ɨ|s}};<ref>''Sunset Western Garden Book''. 1995. 606–07.</ref> is a genus of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Asteraceae]] native to [[North America]], including [[Mexico]] and [[the Bahamas]].<ref name="fna">{{cite web | url = http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=118496 | work = [[Flora of North America]] | title = ''Liatris'' Gaertner ex Schreber }}</ref> Common names include '''blazing star''' and '''gayfeather'''.<ref name=fna/><ref name=itis>[http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=37906 ''Liatris''.] Integrated Taxonomic Information system.</ref> Some species are used as [[ornamental plant]]s, sometimes in [[flower bouquet]]s. |
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They are perennials, surviving the winter in the form of [[corm]]s.<ref name="fna" /> |
They are perennials, surviving the winter in the form of [[corm]]s.<ref name="fna" /> |
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''Liatris'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including ''[[ |
''Liatris'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including the flower moths ''[[Schinia gloriosa]]'' and ''[[Schinia sanguinea]]'', both of which feed exclusively on the genus, and ''[[Schinia tertia]]'' and ''[[Schinia trifascia]]''. |
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== Classification == |
== Classification == |
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''Liatris'' is in the tribe [[Eupatorieae]] of the aster family. Like other members of this tribe, the flower heads have [[disc |
''Liatris'' is in the tribe [[Eupatorieae]] of the aster family. Like other members of this tribe, the flower heads have [[Pseudanthium|disc florets]] and no ray florets. ''Liatris'' is in the subtribe Liatrinae along with ''[[Trilisa]]'', ''[[Carphephorus]]'', and other genera.<ref name="schmidt">{{ cite journal | title = Phylogeny and biogeography of ''Eupatorium'' (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae) based on nuclear ITS sequence data | author = Schmidt, G. J. and E. E. Schilling | journal = American Journal of Botany | year = 2000 | volume = 87 | pages = 716–726 | url = http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/87/5/716 | pmid = 10811796 | doi = 10.2307/2656858 | issue = 5 | jstor = 2656858 | publisher = Botanical Society of America }}</ref> |
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''Liatris'' is closely related to ''[[Garberia]]'' |
''Liatris'' is closely related to ''[[Garberia]]'', a genus with only one species [[endemism|endemic]] to [[Florida]]. The two genera can be distinguished by the [[shrub]] form of the latter and by [[karyotype]].<ref name="fna-garberia">{{cite web | url = http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=113251 | work = [[Flora of North America]] | title = ''Garberia'' A.Gray }}</ref> |
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==Species== |
==Species== |
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There are 37 species of ''Liatris''.<ref name="fna"/> |
There are 37 species of ''Liatris''.<ref name="fna"/> |
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Species include:<ref name=fna/><ref name=itis/><ref name=grin>[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?6808 GRIN Species Records of ''Liatris''.] GRIN.</ref> |
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*''[[Liatris acidota]]'' |
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*''[[Liatris aestivalis]]'' |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris acidota]]'' – sharp blazing star, Gulf Coast gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris aestivalis]]'' – summer gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris aspera]]'' – rough gayfeather, tall blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris bracteata]]'' – bracted blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris chapmanii]]'' – Chapman's blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris cokeri]]'' – Coker's gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris compacta]]'' – scaly blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris cylindracea]]'' – Ontario blazing star, fewhead blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris cymosa]]'' – branched blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris elegans]]'' – pinkscale blazing star, elegant gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris elegantula]]'' – shaggy blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris garberi]]'' – Garber's blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris gholsonii]]'' – Gholson's blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris glandulosa]]'' – glandular blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris gracilis]]'' – slender blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris helleri]]'' – Heller's blazing star, turgid blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris hirsuta]]'' – hairy gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris laevigata]]'' – shortleaf blazingstar |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris lancifolia]]'' – lanceleaf blazingstar |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris ligulistylis]]'' – Rocky Mountain blazing star, Northern Plains gayfeather, strap-style gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris microcephala]]'' – small-head gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris ohlingerae]]'' |
*''[[Liatris ohlingerae]]'' – Florida blazing star, scrub blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris oligocephala]]'' |
*''[[Liatris oligocephala]]'' – Cahaba torch |
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*''[[Liatris patens]]'' |
*''[[Liatris patens]]'' – spreading blazing star, Georgia gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris pauciflora]]'' |
*''[[Liatris pauciflora]]'' – fewflower blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris pilosa]]'' |
*''[[Liatris pilosa]]'' – grass-leaf gayfeather, shaggy blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris provincialis]]'' |
*''[[Liatris provincialis]]'' – Godfrey's blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris punctata]]'' |
*''[[Liatris punctata]]'' – dotted blazing star, plains gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris pycnostachya]]'' |
*''[[Liatris pycnostachya]]'' – prairie blazing star, button snakeroot, cattail gayfeather, thickspike gayfeather, Kansas gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris savannensis]]'' |
*''[[Liatris savannensis]]'' – savanna blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris scariosa]]''<!-- AmericanMidlandNaturalist159:251. --> |
*''[[Liatris scariosa]]''<!-- AmericanMidlandNaturalist159:251. --> – northern gayfeather, devil's bite |
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**''L. scariosa'' var. '' |
**''L. scariosa'' var. ''nieuwlandii'' – Nieuwland's blazing star |
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**''L. scariosa'' var. '' |
**''L. scariosa'' var. ''novae-angliae'' – New England blazing star |
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*'' |
**''L. scariosa'' var. ''scariosa'' – Virginia blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris spicata]]'' – dense blazing star, button snakewort, florist gayfeather, marsh blazingstar, prairie-pine |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris squarrosa]]'' – loosescale gayfeather, colicroot, scaly blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris squarrulosa]]'' – southern gayfeather, Appalachian blazing star |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris tenuifolia]]'' – pine-needle gayfeather, shortleaf gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris |
*''[[Liatris tenuis]]'' – gulf blazing star, Shinners' gayfeather |
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*''[[Liatris virgata]]'' – wand blazing star, King's Mountain gayfeather, piedmont gayfeather |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 22:22, 18 August 2013
| Liatris | |
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| Liatris spicata | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Genus: | Liatris |
| Species | |
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About 37, see text | |
Liatris (/laɪˈætr[invalid input: 'ɨ']s/;[1] is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae native to North America, including Mexico and the Bahamas.[2] Common names include blazing star and gayfeather.[2][3] Some species are used as ornamental plants, sometimes in flower bouquets.
They are perennials, surviving the winter in the form of corms.[2]
Liatris species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the flower moths Schinia gloriosa and Schinia sanguinea, both of which feed exclusively on the genus, and Schinia tertia and Schinia trifascia.
Classification
Liatris is in the tribe Eupatorieae of the aster family. Like other members of this tribe, the flower heads have disc florets and no ray florets. Liatris is in the subtribe Liatrinae along with Trilisa, Carphephorus, and other genera.[4] Liatris is closely related to Garberia, a genus with only one species endemic to Florida. The two genera can be distinguished by the shrub form of the latter and by karyotype.[5]
Species
There are 37 species of Liatris.[2]
- Liatris acidota – sharp blazing star, Gulf Coast gayfeather
- Liatris aestivalis – summer gayfeather
- Liatris aspera – rough gayfeather, tall blazing star
- Liatris bracteata – bracted blazing star
- Liatris chapmanii – Chapman's blazing star
- Liatris cokeri – Coker's gayfeather
- Liatris compacta – scaly blazing star
- Liatris cylindracea – Ontario blazing star, fewhead blazing star
- Liatris cymosa – branched blazing star
- Liatris elegans – pinkscale blazing star, elegant gayfeather
- Liatris elegantula – shaggy blazing star
- Liatris garberi – Garber's blazing star
- Liatris gholsonii – Gholson's blazing star
- Liatris glandulosa – glandular blazing star
- Liatris gracilis – slender blazing star
- Liatris helleri – Heller's blazing star, turgid blazing star
- Liatris hirsuta – hairy gayfeather
- Liatris laevigata – shortleaf blazingstar
- Liatris lancifolia – lanceleaf blazingstar
- Liatris ligulistylis – Rocky Mountain blazing star, Northern Plains gayfeather, strap-style gayfeather
- Liatris microcephala – small-head gayfeather
- Liatris ohlingerae – Florida blazing star, scrub blazing star
- Liatris oligocephala – Cahaba torch
- Liatris patens – spreading blazing star, Georgia gayfeather
- Liatris pauciflora – fewflower blazing star
- Liatris pilosa – grass-leaf gayfeather, shaggy blazing star
- Liatris provincialis – Godfrey's blazing star
- Liatris punctata – dotted blazing star, plains gayfeather
- Liatris pycnostachya – prairie blazing star, button snakeroot, cattail gayfeather, thickspike gayfeather, Kansas gayfeather
- Liatris savannensis – savanna blazing star
- Liatris scariosa – northern gayfeather, devil's bite
- L. scariosa var. nieuwlandii – Nieuwland's blazing star
- L. scariosa var. novae-angliae – New England blazing star
- L. scariosa var. scariosa – Virginia blazing star
- Liatris spicata – dense blazing star, button snakewort, florist gayfeather, marsh blazingstar, prairie-pine
- Liatris squarrosa – loosescale gayfeather, colicroot, scaly blazing star
- Liatris squarrulosa – southern gayfeather, Appalachian blazing star
- Liatris tenuifolia – pine-needle gayfeather, shortleaf gayfeather
- Liatris tenuis – gulf blazing star, Shinners' gayfeather
- Liatris virgata – wand blazing star, King's Mountain gayfeather, piedmont gayfeather
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Liatris.
Wikispecies has information related to Liatris.
- ^ Sunset Western Garden Book. 1995. 606–07.
- ^ a b c d e "Liatris Gaertner ex Schreber". Flora of North America.
- ^ a b Liatris. Integrated Taxonomic Information system.
- ^ Schmidt, G. J. and E. E. Schilling (2000). "Phylogeny and biogeography of Eupatorium (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae) based on nuclear ITS sequence data". American Journal of Botany. 87 (5). Botanical Society of America: 716–726. doi:10.2307/2656858. JSTOR 2656858. PMID 10811796.
- ^ "Garberia A.Gray". Flora of North America.
- ^ GRIN Species Records of Liatris. GRIN.
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