Tatuidris: Difference between revisions
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| binomial = ''Tatuidris tatusia'' |
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'''''Tatuidris''''' is a genus of [[ant]]s consisting of a single species, '''''Tatuidris tatusia'''''. |
'''''Tatuidris''''' is a genus of [[ant]]s consisting of a single species, '''''Tatuidris tatusia'''''. A new species, ''T. kapasi'', was described by Lacau & Groc in 2012,<ref name="Lacau2012"/> but has now been relegated to a [[junior synonym]] of ''T. tatusia''.<ref name="Donoso2012"/> It is the only extant genus in the [[Agroecomyrmecinae]] subfamily.<ref name="AWTatuidristatusia"/> |
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==Etymology== |
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The name ''Tatuidris'' means "[[armadillo]] ant", and the specific epithet for the single described species, ''tatusia'', is an old generic name for armadillo,<ref name="Brown&Kempf1968"/> making armadillo ants an appropriate common name.<ref name="AWTatuidris"/> |
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==Taxonomy and biology== |
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[[File:Tatuidris_tatusia_casent0178871_head_1.jpg|thumb|left|''T. tatusia'' head]] |
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This genus is very distinctive and very isolated within the [[Formicidae]]. First decribed by Brown and Kempf in 1968, they considered it a very primitive ant and placed it in [[Myrmicinae]], tribe Agroecomyrmecini, together with ants known from [[Oligocene]] [[Baltic amber]] and [[Miocene]] [[Florissant Shale]]. It bears superficial resemblance to some extant genera (the "Glamyromyrmex" ''[[Pyramica]]'', ''[[Ishakidris]]'', ''[[Pilotrochus]]'', and ''[[Phalacromyrmex]]'') but Brown and Kempf (1968) and Bolton (1984) considered these similarities to be due to [[convergent evolution]]. Bolton (2003) raised the tribe to subfamily status, suggesting that [[Agroecomyrmecinae]] might be the sister taxon to Myrmicinae. It has since been discovered to be one of the earliest lineages of ants, a clade from the basal polytomy for all ants.<ref name="Ward2007"/><ref name="AWTatuidris"/> |
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The biology is poorly known. The genus is known mainly from isolated workers found in Winkler or [[Berlese trap|Berlese]] samples. ''Tatuidris'' workers have peculiar mandibular brushes and a powerful sting, which led Brown and Kempf to speculate that ''Tatuidris'' might be specialist predators of active or slippery [[arthropod]] prey.<ref name="AWTatuidris"/> |
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==Distribution== |
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The species can be found Central and South America, from Mexico to [[Amazon rainforest|Amazonian]] Brazil. Brown and Kempf described a single species, ''T. tatusia'', based on two workers sent to them from El Salvador, collected in a Berlese sample of [[humus]]. Since then published records are few, but Bolton (1984) reported a second collection from Mexico and Fernando Fernandez has reported its occurrence in Colombia. With the advent of litter sifting and Winkler extraction as a popular method of ant collecting, ''Tatuidris'' are not as rare as they used to seem. Although not very abundant, with frequent litter sifting they can be reliably found in Costa Rican wet forests.<ref name="AWTatuidris"/> |
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==References== |
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{{commons category|Tatuidris tatusia}} |
{{commons category|Tatuidris tatusia}} |
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<ref name="AWTatuidristatusia">{{cite web |url=http://www.antweb.org/description.do?subfamily=agroecomyrmecinae&genus=tatuidris&name=tatusia&rank=species&project=allantwebants |title=Species: Tatuidris tatusia |date= |website=antweb.org |publisher=[[AntWeb]] |accessdate=27 August 2013}}</ref> |
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<ref name="AWTatuidris">{{cite web |url=http://www.antweb.org/description.do?name=tatuidris&rank=genus&project=allantwebants |title=Genus: Tatuidris |date= |website=antweb.org |publisher=[[AntWeb]] |accessdate=29 August 2013}}</ref> |
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{{ant-stub}} |
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<ref name="Donoso2012">Donoso, D.A. 2012: [http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2012/f/zt03503p081.pdf Additions to the taxonomy of the armadillo ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, ''Tatuidris'')]. ''[[Zootaxa]]'', '''3503''': 61–81.</ref> |
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<ref name="Lacau2012">Lacau, S. ''et al''. 2012: ''Tatuidris kapasi'' sp. nov.: a new armadillo ant from French Guiana (Formicidae: Agroecomyrmecinae). ''[[Psyche (journal)|Psyche]]'', {{doi|10.1155/2012/926089}}</ref> |
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<ref name="Brown&Kempf1968">Brown and Kempf 1968</ref> |
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<ref name="Ward2007">Ward, P. S. 2007. Phylogeny, classification, and species-level taxonomy of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). ''Zootaxa'' '''1668''':549–563.</ref> |
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}} |
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{{refbegin}} |
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* Bolton, B. 1984. Diagnosis and relationships of the myrmicine ant genus Ishakidris gen. n. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). ''[[Systematic Entomology]]'' '''9''':373–382. |
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* Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. ''Mem. Amer. Entomol. Inst.'' '''71''':1–370. |
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* Brown, W. L., Jr., and W. W. Kempf. 1968 ("1967"). Tatuidris, a remarkable new genus of Formicidae (Hymenoptera). ''Psyche'' (Cambridge) '''74''':183–190. |
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{{refend}} |
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[[Category:Monotypic genera]] |
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Revision as of 22:04, 29 August 2013
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| Tatuidris tatusia | |
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| Genus: | Tatuidris
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| Species: | T. tatusia
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| Tatuidris tatusia | |
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| Tatuidris tatusia | |
Tatuidris is a genus of ants consisting of a single species, Tatuidris tatusia. A new species, T. kapasi, was described by Lacau & Groc in 2012,[1] but has now been relegated to a junior synonym of T. tatusia.[2] It is the only extant genus in the Agroecomyrmecinae subfamily.[3]
Etymology
The name Tatuidris means "armadillo ant", and the specific epithet for the single described species, tatusia, is an old generic name for armadillo,[4] making armadillo ants an appropriate common name.[5]
Taxonomy and biology
This genus is very distinctive and very isolated within the Formicidae. First decribed by Brown and Kempf in 1968, they considered it a very primitive ant and placed it in Myrmicinae, tribe Agroecomyrmecini, together with ants known from Oligocene Baltic amber and Miocene Florissant Shale. It bears superficial resemblance to some extant genera (the "Glamyromyrmex" Pyramica, Ishakidris, Pilotrochus, and Phalacromyrmex) but Brown and Kempf (1968) and Bolton (1984) considered these similarities to be due to convergent evolution. Bolton (2003) raised the tribe to subfamily status, suggesting that Agroecomyrmecinae might be the sister taxon to Myrmicinae. It has since been discovered to be one of the earliest lineages of ants, a clade from the basal polytomy for all ants.[6][5]
The biology is poorly known. The genus is known mainly from isolated workers found in Winkler or Berlese samples. Tatuidris workers have peculiar mandibular brushes and a powerful sting, which led Brown and Kempf to speculate that Tatuidris might be specialist predators of active or slippery arthropod prey.[5]
Distribution
The species can be found Central and South America, from Mexico to Amazonian Brazil. Brown and Kempf described a single species, T. tatusia, based on two workers sent to them from El Salvador, collected in a Berlese sample of humus. Since then published records are few, but Bolton (1984) reported a second collection from Mexico and Fernando Fernandez has reported its occurrence in Colombia. With the advent of litter sifting and Winkler extraction as a popular method of ant collecting, Tatuidris are not as rare as they used to seem. Although not very abundant, with frequent litter sifting they can be reliably found in Costa Rican wet forests.[5]
References
- ^ Lacau, S. et al. 2012: Tatuidris kapasi sp. nov.: a new armadillo ant from French Guiana (Formicidae: Agroecomyrmecinae). Psyche, doi:10.1155/2012/926089
- ^ Donoso, D.A. 2012: Additions to the taxonomy of the armadillo ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Tatuidris). Zootaxa, 3503: 61–81.
- ^ "Species: Tatuidris tatusia". antweb.org. AntWeb. Retrieved 27 August 2013.
- ^ Brown and Kempf 1968
- ^ a b c d "Genus: Tatuidris". antweb.org. AntWeb. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
- ^ Ward, P. S. 2007. Phylogeny, classification, and species-level taxonomy of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 1668:549–563.
- Bolton, B. 1984. Diagnosis and relationships of the myrmicine ant genus Ishakidris gen. n. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Systematic Entomology 9:373–382.
- Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Mem. Amer. Entomol. Inst. 71:1–370.
- Brown, W. L., Jr., and W. W. Kempf. 1968 ("1967"). Tatuidris, a remarkable new genus of Formicidae (Hymenoptera). Psyche (Cambridge) 74:183–190.