North Wales Coalfield: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Bersham Colliery Engine House and Winding Gear.jpg|thumb|The engine house and winding gear at [[Bersham Colliery]]]] |
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[[File:British.coalfields.19th.century.jpg|thumb|19th-century British coalfields]] |
[[File:British.coalfields.19th.century.jpg|thumb|19th-century British coalfields]] |
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The '''North Wales Coalfield ''' comprises the [[Flintshire Coalfield]] in the north and the [[Denbighshire Coalfield]] in the south. |
The '''North Wales Coalfield ''' comprises the [[Flintshire Coalfield]] in the north and the [[Denbighshire Coalfield]] in the south. It extends from [[Point of Ayr]] in the north, through the [[Wrexham]] area to [[Oswestry]] in [[Shropshire]] in the south. A much smaller area on [[Anglesey]] where coal was formerly mined is not usually considered to form a part of the North Wales Coalfield, though it is geographically in the [[North Wales]] region. |
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==History== |
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A much smaller area on [[Anglesey]] where coal was formerly mined is not usually considered to form a part of the North Wales Coalfield, though it is geographically in the [[North Wales]] region. |
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In North Wales, the Flintshire manors of [[Ewloe]], [[Hopedale, Flintshire|Hopedale]], and [[Mostyn]] and the Denbighshire manor of [[Brymbo]] were reported to be making profits from trading coal during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. By 1593, coal was being exported from ports on the Dee Estuary. The trade developed swiftly and by 1616, the principle collieries were at [[Bagillt]], [[Tegeingl|Englefield]], [[Leaderbrook]], Mostyn, [[Uphfytton]] and [[Connah's Quay|Wepre]].<ref name=nwales/> Most mines were horizontal [[adit]]s or shallow [[bell pit]]s, though a few were becoming sufficiently large to have accumulations of water and ventilation problems.<ref name=FHS>{{cite journal |year=1971–1972 |title=The growth and development of settlement and population in Flintshire, 1801–1851 |journal=Flintshire Historical Society publications |volume=25 |url=http://welshjournals.llgc.org.uk/browse/viewpage/llgc-id:1256711/llgc-id:1259972/llgc-id:1260057/getText }}</ref> |
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In the Denbighshire Coalfield, the areas of Chirk, Ruabon and Wrexham were heavily industrialised and had large deposits of iron, coal and clay. The last pit here, the [[Bersham Colliery]] closed in 1986 when it became uneconomic to mine.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.clwydfhs.org.uk/miscellanea/dencollieries.htm |title=Denbighshire Collieries |date=23 June 2012 |publisher= Clwyd Family History Society |accessdate=25 April 2016}}</ref> |
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==Geography== |
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The North Wales Coalfield is divided into two parts, the [[Flintshire Coalfield]] to the north and the nearly contiguous [[Denbighshire Coalfield]] to the south.<ref name=nwales>{{Citation |url=http://www.cmhrc.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/nwalescf.htm|title=The North Wales Coalfield |year=1953 |publisher=Coalmining History Research Centre|accessdate=26 April 2016}}</ref> The Flintshire Coalfield extends from the [[Point of Ayr]] in the north, through [[Connah's Quay]] to [[Caergwrle]] in the south. It also extends under the [[Dee Estuary]] to the [[Neston]] area of the [[Wirral Peninsula]]. The Denbighshire Coalfield extends from near [[Caergwrle]] in the north, to [[Wrexham]], [[Ruabon]], [[Rhosllannerchrugog]] and [[Chirk]] in the south, a small part extending into [[Shropshire]] in the [[Oswestry]] area.<ref>{{cite web |url= |title=Bedrock Geology: UK South'', 1:625,000 scale geological map (5th edn) |year=2007 |work=British Geological Survey |accessdate=25 April 2016}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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[[Category:Coal mining regions in England]] |
[[Category:Coal mining regions in England]] |
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[[Category:Coal mining regions in Wales]] |
[[Category:Coal mining regions in Wales]] |
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{{Flintshire-geo-stub}} |
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{{Wrexham-geo-stub}} |
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{{mining-stub}} |
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Revision as of 06:07, 25 April 2016
The North Wales Coalfield comprises the Flintshire Coalfield in the north and the Denbighshire Coalfield in the south. It extends from Point of Ayr in the north, through the Wrexham area to Oswestry in Shropshire in the south. A much smaller area on Anglesey where coal was formerly mined is not usually considered to form a part of the North Wales Coalfield, though it is geographically in the North Wales region.
History
In North Wales, the Flintshire manors of Ewloe, Hopedale, and Mostyn and the Denbighshire manor of Brymbo were reported to be making profits from trading coal during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. By 1593, coal was being exported from ports on the Dee Estuary. The trade developed swiftly and by 1616, the principle collieries were at Bagillt, Englefield, Leaderbrook, Mostyn, Uphfytton and Wepre.[1] Most mines were horizontal adits or shallow bell pits, though a few were becoming sufficiently large to have accumulations of water and ventilation problems.[2]
In the Denbighshire Coalfield, the areas of Chirk, Ruabon and Wrexham were heavily industrialised and had large deposits of iron, coal and clay. The last pit here, the Bersham Colliery closed in 1986 when it became uneconomic to mine.[3]
Geography
The North Wales Coalfield is divided into two parts, the Flintshire Coalfield to the north and the nearly contiguous Denbighshire Coalfield to the south.[1] The Flintshire Coalfield extends from the Point of Ayr in the north, through Connah's Quay to Caergwrle in the south. It also extends under the Dee Estuary to the Neston area of the Wirral Peninsula. The Denbighshire Coalfield extends from near Caergwrle in the north, to Wrexham, Ruabon, Rhosllannerchrugog and Chirk in the south, a small part extending into Shropshire in the Oswestry area.[4]
References
- ^ a b The North Wales Coalfield, Coalmining History Research Centre, 1953, retrieved 26 April 2016
- ^ "The growth and development of settlement and population in Flintshire, 1801–1851". Flintshire Historical Society publications. 25. 1971–1972.
- ^ "Denbighshire Collieries". Clwyd Family History Society. 23 June 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
- ^ "Bedrock Geology: UK South, 1:625,000 scale geological map (5th edn)". British Geological Survey. 2007.
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