Stanisław Ostwind-Zuzga: Difference between revisions
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'''Stanisław Ostwind-Zuzga''' (code-names "Kropidło", "Bolesław", born 26 April 1899, died 4 February 1945 in [[Warsaw]]) – [[Master Sergeant]] of [[Polish Army]], major of [[National Armed Forces]] (NSZ), local [[commandant]] of NSZ in [[Węgrów]], highest ranked |
'''Stanisław Ostwind-Zuzga''' (code-names "Kropidło", "Bolesław", born 26 April 1899, died 4 February 1945 in [[Warsaw]]) – Polish [[Jew]], [[Master Sergeant]] of [[Polish Army]], major of [[National Armed Forces]] (NSZ), local [[commandant]] of NSZ in [[Węgrów]], highest ranked Jewish officer in Polish conspiration during [[World War II]]. |
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== Life == |
== Life == |
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Stanislaw decided to be baptised in the Catholic Church in 1920. |
Stanislaw decided to be baptised in the Catholic Church in 1920. |
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After Germany [[Invasion of Poland|invaded Poland in 1939]], he lived under the false name "Zuzga". Since 1942 he was a member of the [[National Military Organization]] in [[Łuków County]], later he transferred to the [[National Armed Forces]] (NSZ). He finished his training in the NSZ training facility "Dym" (Smoke) in [[Jata, Podkarpackie Voivodeship|Jata]], after which he conducted operations in [[Siedlce]] area. In May 1944 he became a leader of the regional command of NSZ in [[Węgrów]]. He was the top-ranked Polish |
After Germany [[Invasion of Poland|invaded Poland in 1939]], he lived under the false name "Zuzga". Since 1942 he was a member of the [[National Military Organization]] in [[Łuków County]], later he transferred to the [[National Armed Forces]] (NSZ). He finished his training in the NSZ training facility "Dym" (Smoke) in [[Jata, Podkarpackie Voivodeship|Jata]], after which he conducted operations in [[Siedlce]] area. In May 1944 he became a leader of the regional command of NSZ in [[Węgrów]]. He was the top-ranked Polish Jewish officer in Polish (noncommunist) resistance.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}} On 1 June 1944 he was promoted to the rank of Major. One of his first actions as a leader was an attempt to negotiate joining forces with [[Home Army]], an attempt which most likely failed. On 3 January 1945, he was arrested by the newly established (after the Soviet occupation of Poland), Communist secret police ([[Ministry of Public Security (Poland)|Ministry of Public Security]]). He was later transferred to a prison in [[Otwock]] and tortured during questioning. After his Jewish origin was discovered, the Communists attempted to convince him to switch sides, an offer which he refused. He was executed on 4 February 1945.{{r|MB}}<ref name="CHr">{{cite journal|last1=Charczuk|first1=Wiesław|title=Przeobrażenia personalne w Podlaskiej Komendzie NSZ w latach 1945-1947|journal=Wschodni Rocznik Humanistyczny|issue=1/2004|page=257|url=http://www.tonik-libra.pl/wrh/wrh_1_2004/16_wieslaw_charczuk.pdf|accessdate=23 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Tomaszkiewicz|first1=Tadeusz|title=Narodowe Siły Zbrojne. Pow. Węgrow 1942-1950|date=1993|location=Warsaw|page=116}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Muszyński|first1=Wojciech|title=Antysemityzm dotyczył Niemców, a nie Polaków|url=http://wolnapolska.pl/index.php/Historia/2012121816456/antysemityzm-dotyczy-niemcow-a-nie-polakow/menu-id-174.html|accessdate=23 February 2016}}</ref> |
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In 2018, by order of the President of the [[Poland|Republic of Poland]] [[Andrzej Duda]], Zuzga was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross of the [[Order of Polonia Restituta]] for outstanding services to the independence of the Republic of Poland.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.prezydent.pl/aktualnosci/ordery-i-odznaczenia/art,252,prezydent-cierpienie-zolnierzy-niezlomnych-nie-poszlo-na-marne.html|title=Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej / Aktualności / Ordery i odznaczenia / Prezydent: Cierpienie Żołnierzy Niezłomnych nie poszło na marne|last=prezydent.pl|website=www.prezydent.pl|language=pl|access-date=2018-06-16}}</ref> |
In 2018, by order of the President of the [[Poland|Republic of Poland]] [[Andrzej Duda]], Zuzga was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross of the [[Order of Polonia Restituta]] for outstanding services to the independence of the Republic of Poland.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.prezydent.pl/aktualnosci/ordery-i-odznaczenia/art,252,prezydent-cierpienie-zolnierzy-niezlomnych-nie-poszlo-na-marne.html|title=Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej / Aktualności / Ordery i odznaczenia / Prezydent: Cierpienie Żołnierzy Niezłomnych nie poszło na marne|last=prezydent.pl|website=www.prezydent.pl|language=pl|access-date=2018-06-16}}</ref> |
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[[Category:1899 births]] |
[[Category:1899 births]] |
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[[Category:1945 deaths]] |
[[Category:1945 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Polish Jews]] |
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[[Category:National Armed Forces members]] |
[[Category:National Armed Forces members]] |
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Revision as of 19:25, 17 June 2018
Stanisław Ostwind-Zuzga | |
|---|---|
| Nickname(s) | „Kropidło”, „Bolesław” |
| Born | April 26, 1899 Warsaw, Poland. |
| Died | February 4, 1945 (aged 45) Warsaw, People's Republic of Poland |
| Allegiance |  Poland |
| Service/ | National Armed Forces |
| Years of service | 1915-1920 1942-1945 |
| Rank |  Major |
| Commands held | National Armed Forces |
Stanisław Ostwind-Zuzga (code-names "Kropidło", "Bolesław", born 26 April 1899, died 4 February 1945 in Warsaw) – Polish Jew, Master Sergeant of Polish Army, major of National Armed Forces (NSZ), local commandant of NSZ in Węgrów, highest ranked Jewish officer in Polish conspiration during World War II.
Life
He was born in Warsaw as Szmul Ostwind son of Wolf (Władysław) Ostwind and Rebeka (Regina) née Saudel. Between 1915 and 1917 he fought in the Polish Legions, in the Polish 1st Legions Infantry Regiment, led by Major Edward Śmigły-Rydz. He participated in the Battle of Kostiuchnówka, among others. After the Oath crisis, he was interned by Germans in Szczypiorno. In 1919 he graduated from military academy as a master sergeant, after which he was assigned to 36th Infantry Regiment, and participated in Polish–Soviet War of 1920.[1] Stanislaw decided to be baptised in the Catholic Church in 1920.
After Germany invaded Poland in 1939, he lived under the false name "Zuzga". Since 1942 he was a member of the National Military Organization in Łuków County, later he transferred to the National Armed Forces (NSZ). He finished his training in the NSZ training facility "Dym" (Smoke) in Jata, after which he conducted operations in Siedlce area. In May 1944 he became a leader of the regional command of NSZ in Węgrów. He was the top-ranked Polish Jewish officer in Polish (noncommunist) resistance.[citation needed] On 1 June 1944 he was promoted to the rank of Major. One of his first actions as a leader was an attempt to negotiate joining forces with Home Army, an attempt which most likely failed. On 3 January 1945, he was arrested by the newly established (after the Soviet occupation of Poland), Communist secret police (Ministry of Public Security). He was later transferred to a prison in Otwock and tortured during questioning. After his Jewish origin was discovered, the Communists attempted to convince him to switch sides, an offer which he refused. He was executed on 4 February 1945.[1][2][3][4]
In 2018, by order of the President of the Republic of Poland Andrzej Duda, Zuzga was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta for outstanding services to the independence of the Republic of Poland.[5]
References
- ^ a b Mariusz, Bechta. Między Bolszewią a Niemcami. Konspiracja polityczna i wojskowa Polskiego Obozu Narodowego na Podlasiu w latach 1939-1952. Instytut Pamięci Narodowej. p. 519. ISBN 978-83-73-99373-0.
- ^ Charczuk, Wiesław. "Przeobrażenia personalne w Podlaskiej Komendzie NSZ w latach 1945-1947" (PDF). Wschodni Rocznik Humanistyczny (1/2004): 257. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
- ^ Tomaszkiewicz, Tadeusz (1993). Narodowe Siły Zbrojne. Pow. Węgrow 1942-1950. Warsaw. p. 116.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Muszyński, Wojciech. "Antysemityzm dotyczył Niemców, a nie Polaków". Retrieved 23 February 2016.
- ^ prezydent.pl. "Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej / Aktualności / Ordery i odznaczenia / Prezydent: Cierpienie Żołnierzy Niezłomnych nie poszło na marne". www.prezydent.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2018-06-16.