Anguillidae

Anguillidae
American eel, Anguilla rostrata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Subclass:	Neopterygii
Order:	Anguilliformes
Suborder:	Anguilloidei
Family:	Anguillidae
Genus:	Anguilla Schrank, 1798
Species
See text.

Anguillidae is a family of fishes that contains many of the freshwater eels. There are 16 to 20 species in this family, all in genus Anguilla. They are catadromous, meaning they spend their lives in freshwater rivers and return to the ocean to spawn. The young eel larvae, called leptocephali, consume plankton close to shore. They grow larger in size, and in their next growth stage are called glass eels. At this stage they live in tidal estuaries until they reach one year of age, at which they are known as elvers. Elvers travel upstream in freshwater rivers where they grow to adulthood. Some details of eel reproduction are as yet unknown, and the discovery of major eel spawning grounds in the Sargasso Sea is one of the more famous anecdotes in the history of ichthyology. See Eel life history.

Freshwater eels are elongate with tubelike, snake-shaped bodies. They have large, pointed heads and their dorsal fins are usually continuous with their caudal fins and anal fins, to form a fringe lining the posterior end of the body. They have small pectoral fins to help them navigate along river bottoms. Their scales are thin and soft.

Anguillid eels are important food fish. Eel aquaculture is a fast-growing industry. Important food eel species include longfin eel, Australian long-finned eel, short-finned eel, and Japanese eel.

Species

• European eel, Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Short-finned eel, Anguilla australis Richardson, 1841
• Indian mottled eel, Anguilla bengalensis bengalensis (Gray, 1831)
  • African mottled eel, Anguilla bengalensis labiata (Peters, 1852)
• Indonesian shortfin eel, Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland, 1844
  • Indian shortfin eel, Anguilla bicolor pacifica Schmidt, 1928
• Celebes longfin eel, Anguilla celebesensis Kaup, 1856
• New Zealand longfin eel, Anguilla dieffenbachii Gray, 1842
• Highlands longfin eel, . Anguilla interioris Whitley, 1938
• Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica (Temminck & Schlegel, 1847)
• Indonesian longfinned eel, Anguilla malgumora Kaup, 1856
• Marbled eel, Anguilla marmorata Quoy and Gaimard, 1824
• Polynesian longfin eel, Anguilla megastoma Kaup, 1856
• African longfin eel, Anguilla mossambica (Peters, 1852)
• Mottled eel, Anguilla nebulosa McClelland, 1844
• Pacific shortfinned eel, Anguilla obscura Günther, 1872
• Speckled longfin eel, Anguilla reinhardtii Steindachner, 1867
• American eel, Anguilla rostrata Le Sueur, 1821

References

• Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Anguillidae" in FishBase. January 2006 version.
• Berra, Tim M. (2001). Freshwater Fish Distribution. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0120931567

External links

• Australian anguillid aquaculture