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In the 19th century, bans by state legislatures on abortion were about protecting the life of the mother given the number of deaths caused by abortions; state governments saw themselves as looking out for the lives of their citizens.<ref name=":0" />
In the 19th century, bans by state legislatures on abortion were about protecting the life of the mother given the number of deaths caused by abortions; state governments saw themselves as looking out for the lives of their citizens.<ref name=":0" />


Maine passed abortion related legislation in 1993 that said women have the right to  “terminate a pregnancy before viability.”  Abortions need to be performed by a licensed phsycian.  After the point where a fetus is viable, a pregnancy can only be terminated if the life of the mother is at risk.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wellandgood.com/good-advice/abortion-law-by-state/|title=Are there *any* states working to protect abortion rights?|date=2019-05-17|website=Well+Good|language=en|access-date=2019-05-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/22/title22sec1598.html|title=Title 22, §1598: Abortions|website=legislature.maine.gov|access-date=2019-05-25}}</ref>



The state was one of 10 states in 2007 to have a customary informed consent provision for abortions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/graphics/gpr1004/gpr100406t1.pdf|title=STATE POLICY ON INFORMED CONSENT FOR ABORTION|last=|first=|date=Fall 2007|website=Guttmacher Policy Review|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=May 22, 2019}}</ref>
The state was one of 10 states in 2007 to have a customary informed consent provision for abortions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/graphics/gpr1004/gpr100406t1.pdf|title=STATE POLICY ON INFORMED CONSENT FOR ABORTION|last=|first=|date=Fall 2007|website=Guttmacher Policy Review|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=May 22, 2019}}</ref>

Revision as of 18:27, 25 May 2019

Abortion in Maine is legal.

Terminology

Main article: Abortion

The abortion debate most commonly relates to the "induced abortion" of an embryo or fetus at some point in a pregnancy, which is also how the term is used in a legal sense.[note 1] Some also use the term "elective abortion", which is used in relation to a claim to an unrestricted right of a woman to an abortion, whether or not she chooses to have one. The term elective abortion or voluntary abortion describes the interruption of pregnancy before viability at the request of the woman, but not for medical reasons.[1]

Anti-abortion advocates tend to use terms such as "unborn baby", "unborn child", or "pre-born child",[2][3] and see the medical terms "embryo", "zygote", and "fetus" as dehumanizing.[4][5] Both "pro-choice" and "pro-life" are examples of terms labeled as political framing: they are terms which purposely try to define their philosophies in the best possible light, while by definition attempting to describe their opposition in the worst possible light. "Pro-choice" implies that the alternative viewpoint is "anti-choice", while "pro-life" implies the alternative viewpoint is "pro-death" or "anti-life".[6] Some right-to-lifers use the term "pro-abort" to refer to pro-choice organizations and individuals.[7] The Associated Press encourages journalists to use the terms "abortion rights" and "anti-abortion".[8]


History

In the period between 1972 and 1974, there was only 0 recorded illegal abortion death in the state.[9]

In 2014, 64% of adults said in a poll by the Pew Research Center that abortion should be legal in all or most cases.[10]

Legislative history

By the end of the 1800s, all states in the Union except Louisiana had therapeutic exceptions in their legislative bans on abortions.[11]

In the 19th century, bans by state legislatures on abortion were about protecting the life of the mother given the number of deaths caused by abortions; state governments saw themselves as looking out for the lives of their citizens.[11]

Maine passed abortion related legislation in 1993 that said women have the right to  “terminate a pregnancy before viability.”  Abortions need to be performed by a licensed phsycian.  After the point where a fetus is viable, a pregnancy can only be terminated if the life of the mother is at risk.[12][13]

The state was one of 10 states in 2007 to have a customary informed consent provision for abortions.[14]

In August 2018, the state had a law to protect the right to have an abortion.[15]
As of May 14, 2019, the state prohibited abortions after the fetus was viable, generally some point between week 24 and 28. This period uses a standard defined by the US Supreme Court in 1973 with the Roe v. Wade ruling.[16]

Judicial history

The US Supreme Court's decision in 1973's Roe v. Wade ruling meant the state could no longer regulate abortion in the first trimester.[17]


Clinic history

In 2014, there were 4 abortion clinics in the state.[18] In 2014, 81% of the counties in the state did not have an abortion clinic. That year, 55% of women in the state aged 15 - 44 lived in a county without an abortion clinic. [15]

In March 2016, there were 4 Planned Parenthood clinics in the state.[19]

In 2017, there were 4 Planned Parenthood clinics in a state with a population of 278,104 women aged 15 - 49 of which 1 offered abortion services.[20]

Statistics

In 2010, the state had 15 publicly funded abortions, of which were 15 federally funded.[21]

In 2013, among white women aged 15-19, there were  abortions 280, 10 abortions for black women aged 15-19, 0 abortions for Hispanic women aged 15-19, and 10 abortions for women of all other races.[22]

Number, rate, and ratio of reported abortions, by reporting area of residence and occurrence and by percentage of abortions obtained by out-of-state residents
Location Residence Occurrence % obtained by out-of-state residents Year Ref
No. Rate Ratio No. Rate Ratio
Maine 1,939 8.3 153 2,021 8.6 159 3.6 2014 [23]
Maine 1,743 7.5 138 1,836 7.9 146 3.1 2015 [24]


Maternal and infant health

In 2017, the state had an infant mortality rate of 5.7 deaths per 1,000 live births.[25]

According to Megan Donovan, a senior policy manager at the Guttmacher Institute, states have legislation seeking to protect a woman's right to access abortion services have the lowest rates of infant mortality in the United States.[25]

Footnotes

  1. ^ According to the Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade:

    (a) For the stage prior to approximately the end of the first trimester, the abortion decision and its effectuation must be left to the medical judgement of the pregnant woman's attending physician. (b) For the stage subsequent to approximately the end of the first trimester, the State, in promoting its interest in the health of the mother, may, if it chooses, regulate the abortion procedure in ways that are reasonably related to maternal health. (c) For the stage subsequent to viability, the State in promoting its interest in the potentiality of human life may, if it chooses, regulate, and even proscribe, abortion except where it is necessary, in appropriate medical judgement, for the preservation of the life or health of the mother.

    Likewise, Black's Law Dictionary defines abortion as "knowing destruction" or "intentional expulsion or removal".


References

  1. ^ Watson, Katie (20 Dec 2019). "JD". AMA Journal of Ethics. doi:10.1001/amajethics.2018.1175. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  2. ^ Chamberlain, Pam; Hardisty, Jean (2007). "The Importance of the Political 'Framing' of Abortion". The Public Eye Magazine. 14 (1).
  3. ^ "The Roberts Court Takes on Abortion". New York Times. November 5, 2006. Retrieved January 18, 2008.
  4. ^ Brennan 'Dehumanizing the vulnerable' 2000
  5. ^ Getek, Kathryn; Cunningham, Mark (February 1996). "A Sheep in Wolf's Clothing – Language and the Abortion Debate". Princeton Progressive Review.
  6. ^ "Example of "anti-life" terminology" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-27. Retrieved 2011-11-16. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "Horror: Violent mob of topless pro-abort feminists attacks praying men defending cathedral (VIDEO)". LifeSiteNews. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  8. ^ Goldstein, Norm, ed. The Associated Press Stylebook. Philadelphia: Basic Books, 2007.
  9. ^ Cates, Willard; Rochat, Roger (March 1976). "Illegal Abortions in the United States: 1972-1974". Family Planning Perspectives. 8 (2): 86. doi:10.2307/2133995.
  10. ^ NW, 1615 L. St; Washington, Suite 800; Inquiries, DC 20036 USA202-419-4300 | Main202-419-4349 | Fax202-419-4372 | Media. "Views about abortion by state - Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics | Pew Research Center". Retrieved 2019-05-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  11. ^ a b Buell, Samuel (1991-01-01). "Criminal Abortion Revisited". New York University Law Review. 66: 1774–1831.
  12. ^ "Are there *any* states working to protect abortion rights?". Well+Good. 2019-05-17. Retrieved 2019-05-25.
  13. ^ "Title 22, §1598: Abortions". legislature.maine.gov. Retrieved 2019-05-25.
  14. ^ "STATE POLICY ON INFORMED CONSENT FOR ABORTION" (PDF). Guttmacher Policy Review. Fall 2007. Retrieved May 22, 2019. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  15. ^ a b businessinsider (2018-08-04). "This is what could happen if Roe v. Wade fell". Business Insider (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-05-24. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  16. ^ Lai, K. K. Rebecca (2019-05-15). "Abortion Bans: 8 States Have Passed Bills to Limit the Procedure This Year". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-05-24.
  17. ^ Buell, Samuel (1991-01-01). "Criminal Abortion Revisited". New York University Law Review. 66: 1774–1831.
  18. ^ Gould, Rebecca Harrington, Skye. "The number of abortion clinics in the US has plunged in the last decade — here's how many are in each state". Business Insider. Retrieved 2019-05-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  19. ^ Bohatch, Emily. "27 states with the most Planned Parenthood clinics". thestate. Retrieved 2019-05-24.
  20. ^ "Here's Where Women Have Less Access to Planned Parenthood". Retrieved 2019-05-23.
  21. ^ "Guttmacher Data Center". data.guttmacher.org. Retrieved 2019-05-24.
  22. ^ "No. of abortions among women aged 15-19, by state of residence, 2013 by racial group". Guttmacher Data Center. Retrieved 2019-05-24. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  23. ^ Jatlaoui, Tara C. (2017). "Abortion Surveillance — United States, 2014". MMWR. Surveillance Summaries. 66. doi:10.15585/mmwr.ss6624a1. ISSN 1546-0738.
  24. ^ Jatlaoui, Tara C. (2018). "Abortion Surveillance — United States, 2015". MMWR. Surveillance Summaries. 67. doi:10.15585/mmwr.ss6713a1. ISSN 1546-0738.
  25. ^ a b "States pushing abortion bans have highest infant mortality rates". NBC News. Retrieved 2019-05-25.

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