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'''Pelion''', also '''Pellion''' or '''Pelium''' ({{lang-el|Πήλιον, Πέλλιον or Πήλεον}}, {{lang-lat|Pellium}}), was a fortified settlement of the [[Chaonia]]n tribe of [[Dassaretae|Dexaroi]].<ref>The Illyrians (The Peoples of Europe) by John Wilkes, {{ISBN|0-631-19807-5}}, 1996, page 98, "the Dassaretae possessed several towns, though none has yet been definitely located, including Pelion Antipatreia (probably Berat) Chrysondym, Gertous or Gerous and Creonion"</ref><ref>The Cambridge ancient history: The Fourth Century B.C. Cambridge University Press, I E S Edwards, John Boardman, N. G. L. Hammond, Cyril John Gadd, D. M. Lewis, Frank William Walbank, Elizabeth Rawson, John Anthony Crook, [[Andrew William Lintott]], Alan K. Bowman, Michael Whitby, Peter Garnsey, Averil Cameron, Bryan Ward-Perkins. Cambridge University Press, 2000. {{ISBN|0-521-23348-8}}</ref><ref>An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 326</ref> One possible candidate for its location is [[Gorna Gorica]] (previously known as Goricë e Madhe),<ref>Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman world by Richard J. A. Talbert, 2000, {{ISBN|0-691-04945-9}}, page 755</ref> in [[Albania]], on the ancient border between [[Epirus (ancient state)|Epirus]] and [[Illyria]]. It became also known for the conflict between [[Illyria]] tribes and [[Macedonia (region)|Macedonia]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Roisman |first1=Joseph |title=A Companion to Ancient Macedonia |date=2011 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=144435163X |page=295 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QsJ183uUDkMC&pg=PA295|quote=Escaping one trap, Alexander came to find himself temporarily in difficulty when he moved against Pelium (located somewhere to the west of the Pindus crest which separated Macedonian from Illyrian lands)}}</ref>
'''Pelion''', also '''Pellion''' or '''Pelium''' ({{lang-el|Πήλιον, Πέλλιον or Πήλεον}}, {{lang-lat|Pellium}}), was a fortified settlement of the [[Chaonia]]n tribe of [[Dassaretae|Dexaroi]].<ref>The Illyrians (The Peoples of Europe) by John Wilkes, {{ISBN|0-631-19807-5}}, 1996, page 98, "the Dassaretae possessed several towns, though none has yet been definitely located, including Pelion Antipatreia (probably Berat) Chrysondym, Gertous or Gerous and Creonion"</ref><ref>The Cambridge ancient history: The Fourth Century B.C. Cambridge University Press, I E S Edwards, John Boardman, N. G. L. Hammond, Cyril John Gadd, D. M. Lewis, Frank William Walbank, Elizabeth Rawson, John Anthony Crook, [[Andrew William Lintott]], Alan K. Bowman, Michael Whitby, Peter Garnsey, Averil Cameron, Bryan Ward-Perkins. Cambridge University Press, 2000. {{ISBN|0-521-23348-8}}</ref><ref>An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 326</ref> One possible candidate for its location is [[Gorna Gorica]] (previously known as Goricë e Madhe),<ref>Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman world by Richard J. A. Talbert, 2000, {{ISBN|0-691-04945-9}}, page 755</ref> in [[Albania]], on the ancient border between [[Epirus (ancient state)|Epirus]] and [[Illyria]]. It became also known for the conflict between [[Illyria]] tribes and [[Macedonia (region)|Macedonia]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Roisman |first1=Joseph |title=A Companion to Ancient Macedonia |date=2011 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=144435163X |page=295 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QsJ183uUDkMC&pg=PA295|quote=Escaping one trap, Alexander came to find himself temporarily in difficulty when he moved against Pelium (located somewhere to the west of the Pindus crest which separated Macedonian from Illyrian lands)}}</ref>


Another candidate for Pelion is the present-day [[Selcë e Poshtme]] where the monumental [[Royal Tombs of Selca e Poshtme|royal tombs]] can also be found.<ref>John Wilkes: ''The Illyrians.'' Oxford; Cambridge: Blackwell. 1992. = The Peoples of Europe, {{ISBN|0631146717}}, p. 123.: “More recently Albanian archaeologists have identified Pelion with the remains at Selcë e Poshtme on the upper course of the Shkumbin.”</ref><ref>Neritan Ceka: ''The Illyrians to the Albanians.'' Tirana: Migjeni. 2013. {{ISBN|9789928407467}}, p. 136.: “[…] a second main centre in the city of Pelion of Dassaretia, near the present day village of Selca e Poshtme (Lower SeIca), in the old residence of the Illyrian kings.”</ref><ref>Oliver Gilkes: ''Albania: An archaeological guide.'' London; New York: I. B. Tauris. 2013. {{ISBN|9781780760698}}, p. 263.: “The site of Selce e Poshtme has been associated with the historic site of Pelion […]”.</ref> Pelium later served as a [[Macedon]]ian border fortress.<ref>The campaigns of Alexander by Arrian, Aubrey De Sélincourt, {{ISBN|0-14-044253-7}}, 1971, page 50, "Pelium was a Macedonian border fortress"</ref><ref>The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359-323 B.C. by James R. Ashley, 2004, {{ISBN|0-7864-1918-0}}, page 171, "The Dardanians who were first in the field captured the Macedonian fortress of Pelium"</ref> In 335 BCE, it is mentioned as the site of the [[Siege of Pelium]] in which [[Cleitus of Dardania]] and [[Glaucias of Taulantii]] were defeated by [[Alexander the Great]] in his [[Alexander's Balkan campaign|Balkan campaign]].<ref>The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359-323 B.C. by James R. Ashley, 2004, {{ISBN|0-7864-1918-0}}, page 171, "Pelium which was actually lightly held at the time"</ref><ref>The Campaigns of Alexander by Arrian, Aubrey De Sélincourt, {{ISBN|0-14-044253-7}}, 1971, page 50,"his way to Pelium, a town which had been occupied by Cleitus as the most defensible in the district"</ref> In the 6th century CE it appears in the forts which [[Justinian]] rebuilt. Stephanus of Byzantium places it in Illyria at the time.
Another candidate for Pelion is the present-day [[Selcë e Poshtme]] where the monumental [[Royal Tombs of Selca e Poshtme|royal tombs]] can also be found.<ref>John Wilkes: ''The Illyrians.'' Oxford; Cambridge: Blackwell. 1992. = The Peoples of Europe, {{ISBN|0631146717}}, p. 123.: “More recently Albanian archaeologists have identified Pelion with the remains at Selcë e Poshtme on the upper course of the Shkumbin.”</ref><ref>Neritan Ceka: ''The Illyrians to the Albanians.'' Tirana: Migjeni. 2013. {{ISBN|9789928407467}}, p. 136.: “[…] a second main centre in the city of Pelion of Dassaretia, near the present day village of Selca e Poshtme (Lower SeIca), in the old residence of the Illyrian kings.”</ref><ref>Oliver Gilkes: ''Albania: An archaeological guide.'' London; New York: I. B. Tauris. 2013. {{ISBN|9781780760698}}, p. 263.: “The site of Selce e Poshtme has been associated with the historic site of Pelion […]”.</ref> Pelium later served as a [[Macedon]]ian border fortress.<ref>The campaigns of Alexander by Arrian, Aubrey De Sélincourt, {{ISBN|0-14-044253-7}}, 1971, page 50, "Pelium was a Macedonian border fortress"</ref><ref>The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359-323 B.C. by James R. Ashley, 2004, {{ISBN|0-7864-1918-0}}, page 171, "The Dardanians who were first in the field captured the Macedonian fortress of Pelium"</ref> Sometime in 335 BC, just before the [[battle of Pelium]], it was occupied by [[Dardanians (Balkans)|Dardanians]], led by [[Cleitus of Dardania]], who fought along with [[Glaucias of Taulantii]] against [[Alexander the Great]]. Alexander finally managed to defeat Cleitus as (see: [[Alexander's Balkan campaign|Balkan campaign]]).<ref>The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359-323 B.C. by James R. Ashley, 2004, {{ISBN|0-7864-1918-0}}, page 171, "Pelium which was actually lightly held at the time"</ref><ref>The Campaigns of Alexander by Arrian, Aubrey De Sélincourt, {{ISBN|0-14-044253-7}}, 1971, page 50,"his way to Pelium, a town which had been occupied by Cleitus as the most defensible in the district"</ref> In the 6th century CE it appears in the forts which [[Justinian]] rebuilt. Stephanus of Byzantium places it in Illyria at the time.


==See also==
==See also==
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{{coord|40.641298|N|20.959876|E|format=dms|display=title|source:http://dare.ht.lu.se/places/26395}}


[[Category:Cities in ancient Epirus]]
[[Category:Illyrian Albania]]
[[Category:Illyrian Albania]]
[[Category:Dassaretia]]
[[Category:Dassaretia]]
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[[Category:Albania in the Roman era]]
[[Category:Albania in the Roman era]]
[[Category:Chaonia]]
[[Category:Chaonia]]

[[Category:Populated places in ancient Epirus]]


{{Korçë-geo-stub}}
{{Korçë-geo-stub}}

Revision as of 22:33, 11 May 2020

"Pellion" redirects here. For Greek mountain in Magnesia, see Pelion.
Epirus in antiquity

Pelion, also Pellion or Pelium (Greek: Πήλιον, Πέλλιον or Πήλεον, Template:Lang-lat), was a fortified settlement of the Chaonian tribe of Dexaroi.[1][2][3] One possible candidate for its location is Gorna Gorica (previously known as Goricë e Madhe),[4] in Albania, on the ancient border between Epirus and Illyria. It became also known for the conflict between Illyria tribes and Macedonia.[5]

Another candidate for Pelion is the present-day Selcë e Poshtme where the monumental royal tombs can also be found.[6][7][8] Pelium later served as a Macedonian border fortress.[9][10] Sometime in 335 BC, just before the battle of Pelium, it was occupied by Dardanians, led by Cleitus of Dardania, who fought along with Glaucias of Taulantii against Alexander the Great. Alexander finally managed to defeat Cleitus as (see: Balkan campaign).[11][12] In the 6th century CE it appears in the forts which Justinian rebuilt. Stephanus of Byzantium places it in Illyria at the time.

See also

References

  1. ^ The Illyrians (The Peoples of Europe) by John Wilkes, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, 1996, page 98, "the Dassaretae possessed several towns, though none has yet been definitely located, including Pelion Antipatreia (probably Berat) Chrysondym, Gertous or Gerous and Creonion"
  2. ^ The Cambridge ancient history: The Fourth Century B.C. Cambridge University Press, I E S Edwards, John Boardman, N. G. L. Hammond, Cyril John Gadd, D. M. Lewis, Frank William Walbank, Elizabeth Rawson, John Anthony Crook, Andrew William Lintott, Alan K. Bowman, Michael Whitby, Peter Garnsey, Averil Cameron, Bryan Ward-Perkins. Cambridge University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-521-23348-8
  3. ^ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 326
  4. ^ Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman world by Richard J. A. Talbert, 2000, ISBN 0-691-04945-9, page 755
  5. ^ Roisman, Joseph (2011). A Companion to Ancient Macedonia. Wiley. p. 295. ISBN 144435163X. Escaping one trap, Alexander came to find himself temporarily in difficulty when he moved against Pelium (located somewhere to the west of the Pindus crest which separated Macedonian from Illyrian lands)
  6. ^ John Wilkes: The Illyrians. Oxford; Cambridge: Blackwell. 1992. = The Peoples of Europe, ISBN 0631146717, p. 123.: “More recently Albanian archaeologists have identified Pelion with the remains at Selcë e Poshtme on the upper course of the Shkumbin.”
  7. ^ Neritan Ceka: The Illyrians to the Albanians. Tirana: Migjeni. 2013. ISBN 9789928407467, p. 136.: “[…] a second main centre in the city of Pelion of Dassaretia, near the present day village of Selca e Poshtme (Lower SeIca), in the old residence of the Illyrian kings.”
  8. ^ Oliver Gilkes: Albania: An archaeological guide. London; New York: I. B. Tauris. 2013. ISBN 9781780760698, p. 263.: “The site of Selce e Poshtme has been associated with the historic site of Pelion […]”.
  9. ^ The campaigns of Alexander by Arrian, Aubrey De Sélincourt, ISBN 0-14-044253-7, 1971, page 50, "Pelium was a Macedonian border fortress"
  10. ^ The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359-323 B.C. by James R. Ashley, 2004, ISBN 0-7864-1918-0, page 171, "The Dardanians who were first in the field captured the Macedonian fortress of Pelium"
  11. ^ The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359-323 B.C. by James R. Ashley, 2004, ISBN 0-7864-1918-0, page 171, "Pelium which was actually lightly held at the time"
  12. ^ The Campaigns of Alexander by Arrian, Aubrey De Sélincourt, ISBN 0-14-044253-7, 1971, page 50,"his way to Pelium, a town which had been occupied by Cleitus as the most defensible in the district"

40°38′29″N 20°57′36″E / 40.641298°N 20.959876°E / 40.641298; 20.959876


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