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* [https://www.eso.org/public/germany/news/eso1825/?lang Erster erfolgreicher Test von Einsteins Allgemeiner Relativitätstheorie nahe supermassereichem Schwarzem Loch - Höhepunkt von 26 Jahren ESO-Beobachtungen des Herzens der Milchstraße]
* [https://www.eso.org/public/germany/news/eso1825/?lang Erster erfolgreicher Test von Einsteins Allgemeiner Relativitätstheorie nahe supermassereichem Schwarzem Loch - Höhepunkt von 26 Jahren ESO-Beobachtungen des Herzens der Milchstraße]
* [https://www.eso.org/public/germany/news/eso1601/?lang Erstes Licht für Instrument zur zukünftigen Beobachtung Schwarzer Löcher - Erfolgreiche Inbetriebnahme von GRAVITY am VLTI]
* [https://www.eso.org/public/germany/news/eso1601/?lang Erstes Licht für Instrument zur zukünftigen Beobachtung Schwarzer Löcher - Erfolgreiche Inbetriebnahme von GRAVITY am VLTI]
* [http://hyperraum.tv/2017/06/14/die-beobachtung-des-unbeobachtbaren/ Die Beobachtung des Unbeobachtbaren]
* [http://hyperraum.tv/2017/06/14/die-beobachtung-des-unbeobachtbaren/ Die Beobachtung des Unbeobachtbaren]
* [http://www.mpe.mpg.de/~eisenhau/ Frank Eisenhauer]
* [http://www.mpe.mpg.de/~eisenhau/ Frank Eisenhauer]
* [https://www.ph.tum.de/about/people/vcard/DB021172F366B24F Physics Department, TUM | Eisenhauer, Frank]
* [https://www.ph.tum.de/about/people/vcard/DB021172F366B24F Physics Department, TUM | Eisenhauer, Frank]

Revision as of 20:39, 11 May 2021

Frank Eisenhauer

Frank Eisenhauer (born 9 June 1968 in Augsburg) is a German astronomer and astrophysicist. He is best known for his contributions to interferometry and spectroscopy and the study of the black hole at the centre of the Milky Way.

Life

Eisenhauer grew up in Augsburg. In 1987, he graduated from the Justus-von-Liebig Gymnasium in Neusäß and then did his military service with the Mountain Signal Battalion 8 in Murnau. Eisenhauer is married with three children and lives in Munich.

Studies

Eisenhauer studied physics at the Technical University of Munich (1988–1995) and has been working at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) since his diploma thesis in 1995. There, he wrote his doctoral thesis under Reinhard Genzel and received his doctorate from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in 1998. In 2011, Eisenhauer habilitated at the Technical University of Munich.

Teaching

Eisenhauer teaches astrophysics and high-resolution astronomy as an adjunct teaching professor at the Technical University of Munich.

Science and research

As principal investigator of two large astrophysical experiments, Eisenhauer has been instrumental in the development of astronomy with the highest spatial resolution and imaging spectroscopy, contributing in particular to the discovery and study of the black hole at the centre of the Milky Way.[1] At MPE, he now leads the development and scientific evaluation of large astronomical instruments and experiments.

Already in his doctoral thesis, Eisenhauer worked on infrared astronomy and developed an infrared camera with Fabry-Pérot spectrometer for the adaptive optics at the 3.6m telescope of the European Southern Observatory (ESO) in La Silla (Chile). Subsequently, as Principal Investigator, he led the development of the SPIFFI/SINFONI spectrometer at the ESO Very Large Telescope in Paranal (Chile), which, with a then unique combination of adaptive optics and imaging spectroscopy,[2] not only corrects for the interference caused by the Earth's atmosphere, but also simultaneously records a spectrum for each pixel in the image. In 2003, this enabled Eisenhauer and colleagues to measure the distance to the centre of the Milky Way from the orbit of the star S2 for the first time using geometric methods,[3] and by measuring the radial velocities of several stars, they were able to confirm the assumption that a supermassive black hole is located there.[4]

Since 2005, Eisenhauer has been principal investigator of the GRAVITY experiment,[5] which connects the European Southern Observatory's four Very Large Telescopes in Paranal, Chile, together as stellar interferometers, achieving an angular resolution equivalent to that of a 130-metre diameter telescope. Similar to adaptive optics, GRAVITY actively corrects for the interfering influences of the Earth's atmosphere and disturbances in the light path between the telescope and the laboratory, improving sensitivity by several orders of magnitude compared to previous experiments. In 2018, this enabled Eisenhauer and colleagues to detect, in particular, the redshift in the gravitational field of a black hole predicted from Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity.[6] The same team also succeeded in 2020 in detecting the Schwarzschild precession (orbit comparison Newton and Einstein) in the orbit of the star S2.[7]

The geometric measurement of the distance to the Galactic centre and the detection of the gravitational redshift in the black hole's gravitational field were confirmed by Andrea Ghez and colleagues with observations at the Keck Observatory on Hawaii.[8][9][10] In 2021, Eisenhauer was awarded the Tycho Brahe Medal from the European Astronomical Society. [11]

Other areas of research to which Eisenhauer's observations have contributed include galaxy dynamics in the early universe,[12] active galactic nuclei, and star formation in massive star clusters.[13]

Memberships

References

  1. ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010RvMP...82.3121G Genzel, R., Eisenhauer, F., & Gillessen, S. 2010: "The Galactic Center massive black hole and nuclear star cluster", Reviews of Modern Physics, 82, 3121–3195
  2. ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ARA%26A..53..155E Eisenhauer, F., & Raab, W. 2015: "Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy and Energy-Resolving Detectors", Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 53, 155–197
  3. ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003ApJ...597L.121E Eisenhauer, F., et al. 2003: "A Geometric Determination of the Distance to the Galactic Center", The Astrophysical Journal, 597, L121
  4. ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...628..246E Eisenhauer, F., et al. 2005: "SINFONI in the Galactic Center: Young Stars and Infrared Flares in the Central Light-Month", The Astrophysical Journal, 628, 246
  5. ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017A%26A...602A..94G Gravity Collaboration, et al. 2017: "First light for GRAVITY: Phase referencing optical interferometry for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 602, A94
  6. ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018A%26A...615L..15G Gravity Collaboration, et al. 2018: "Detection of the gravitational redshift in the orbit of the star S2 near the Galactic centre massive black hole", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 615, L15
  7. ^ https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2020/04/aa37813-20/aa37813-20.html GRAVITY Collaboration, et al. 2020: "Detection of the Schwarzschild precession in the orbit of the star S2 near the Galactic centre massive black hole", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 636, L5
  8. ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ApJ...620..744G Ghez, A., et al. 2005: “Stellar Orbits Around the Galactic Center Black Hole”, Astrophysical Journal, 620, 744
  9. ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019Sci...365..664D Do, T., et al. 2019: “Relativistic redshift of the star S0-2 orbiting the Galactic Center supermassive black hole”, Science, 365
  10. ^ Reinhard Genzel erhält den Physik-Nobelpreis. Abgerufen am 17. February 2021.
  11. ^ https://eas.unige.ch/documents/eas_prizes_2021.pdf
  12. ^ The rapid formation of a large rotating disk galaxy three billion years after the Big Bang Genzel, R., Tacconi, L. J., Eisenhauer, F., et al. 2006: "The rapid formation of a large rotating disk galaxy three billion years after the Big Bang", Nature, 442, 786
  13. ^ http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Natur.563..657G Gravity Collaboration, et al. 2018: "Spatially resolved rotation of the broad-line region of a quasar at sub-parsec scale", Nature, 563, 657
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