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10x Genomics announced its initial public offering on September 12, 2019, raising $390M.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/12/10x-genomics-txg-biotech-start-up-surges-in-ipo-debut.html|title=Biotech start-up 10x Genomics surges in IPO debut|last=Setty|first=Ganesh|date=2019-09-12|website=CNBC|language=en|access-date=2019-10-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fiercebiotech.com/medtech/10x-genomics-ipo-rockets-past-a-390m-raise|title=10x Genomics' IPO rockets past a $390M raise|website=FierceBiotech|language=en|access-date=2019-10-07}}</ref> The company had revenues of $3.32 million in 2015, $27.48 million in 2016, $71.18 million in 2017<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/news/2018/10/30/fast-100-2018-10x-genomics-gene-imaging-tools.html|title=10x Genomics takes gene imaging and analysis tools to the big leagues|last=Hepler|first=Lauren|website=San Francisco Business Times|access-date=2019-01-28}}</ref> and $145 million in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.genomeweb.com/business-news/jp-morgan-healthcare-day-one-10x-genomics-myriad-bruker-konica-minolta-geisinger|title=JP Morgan Healthcare, Day One: 10x Genomics, Myriad, Bruker, Konica Minolta, Geisinger|website=GenomeWeb|access-date=2019-01-28}}</ref>
10x Genomics announced its initial public offering on September 12, 2019, raising $390M.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/12/10x-genomics-txg-biotech-start-up-surges-in-ipo-debut.html|title=Biotech start-up 10x Genomics surges in IPO debut|last=Setty|first=Ganesh|date=2019-09-12|website=CNBC|language=en|access-date=2019-10-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fiercebiotech.com/medtech/10x-genomics-ipo-rockets-past-a-390m-raise|title=10x Genomics' IPO rockets past a $390M raise|website=FierceBiotech|language=en|access-date=2019-10-07}}</ref> The company had revenues of $3.32 million in 2015, $27.48 million in 2016, $71.18 million in 2017<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/news/2018/10/30/fast-100-2018-10x-genomics-gene-imaging-tools.html|title=10x Genomics takes gene imaging and analysis tools to the big leagues|last=Hepler|first=Lauren|website=San Francisco Business Times|access-date=2019-01-28}}</ref> and $145 million in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.genomeweb.com/business-news/jp-morgan-healthcare-day-one-10x-genomics-myriad-bruker-konica-minolta-geisinger|title=JP Morgan Healthcare, Day One: 10x Genomics, Myriad, Bruker, Konica Minolta, Geisinger|website=GenomeWeb|access-date=2019-01-28}}</ref>

== Products ==

=== Linked-Reads Chromium Genome and Exome ===
10x Genomics started as a company by selling instruments and reagents for their Linked-Reads method to generate long synthetic DNA reads out of short-read readouts such as those from [[Illumina dye sequencing|Illumina]] SBS sequencers. These Linked-Reads were useful for ''de novo'' [[genome assembly]] applications, where the length of the reads is crucial to produce long assembled sequences. As of June 30, 2020, the company discontinued the sale of the Chromium Genome and Exome product lines.

=== Single Cell Gene Expression ===
Later on, 10x Genomics started selling [[Single-cell transcriptomics|single cell transcriptomic]] reagents for their Chromium instrument. These would generate libraries ready for sequencing in short-read NGS sequencers, and after data analysis, they produce a single-cell profile of the expressed mRNAs across a population of cells.

This product line continued to grow, including adaptations of the methodology to obtain 5'GEX as well as the original 3'GEX transcriptomes out of the Chromium microfluidics encapsulations. Other adaptations included the Single Cell Immune Profiling kits, which with the help of specific primers would only adapt and amplify specific mRNA chains (e.g. BCR or TRC amplification) either from a defined subset or via a custom panel of genes that the customer could order.

Furthermore, other kits of the same Single Cell Chromium technology were released, e.g. for Multiome ATAC profiling alone or in combination of the Gene Expression methods.

=== Spatial Gene Expression ===
Through a combination of internal technology development and strategic acquisitions, the company positioned itself in the Spatial Gene Expression market (a.k.a. spatialomics) with their Visium product line, both for Targeted Gene Expression and Whole Transcriptome.

As a parallel effort in the Visium product line, the company developed a Xenium product line. The new Xenium platform is a single molecule RNA and protein platform offering subcellular resolution for pre-designed and custom panels.


== Arbitration and lawsuit ==
== Arbitration and lawsuit ==

Revision as of 15:39, 18 January 2022

10x Genomics, Inc.
Formerly10X Technologies, Inc.
Company typePublic company
Founded2012; 12 years ago (2012)
Founders
  • Serge Saxonov
  • Ben Hindson
  • Kevin Ness
HeadquartersPleasanton, California, U.S.
Key people
RevenueIncrease US$246 million (2019)
Number of employees
1,148 (September 30, 2021)
Website10xgenomics.com
Footnotes / references
[1]

10x Genomics, Inc. is an American biotechnology company that designs and manufactures gene sequencing technology used in scientific research. It was founded in 2012 by Serge Saxonov, Ben Hindson, and Kevin Ness.[1]

History

10x Genomics was founded in 2012 by Serge Saxonov, Ben Hindson and Kevin Ness to create advanced testing equipment for use in cellular biology.[2] Prior to starting the company, Saxonov was the founding architect, and director of research and development at 23andMe.[1] Ness left 10x Genomics in December 2016[3] and in 2018, Justin McAnear, Tesla's former finance chief joined the company as CFO.[4]

In August 2018 the company announced its first acquisition, Epinomics, a biotechnology company focused on the development of new techniques for epigenetics research.[5] Four months later, 10x Genomics acquired Spatial Transcriptomics, a biotechnology company working in the field of spatial genomics.[6] In November 2018, 10x Genomics announced expansion plans including opening a manufacturing facility in Pleasanton, California in early 2019.[7]

10x Genomics announced its initial public offering on September 12, 2019, raising $390M.[8][9] The company had revenues of $3.32 million in 2015, $27.48 million in 2016, $71.18 million in 2017[10] and $145 million in 2018.[11]

Products

Linked-Reads Chromium Genome and Exome

10x Genomics started as a company by selling instruments and reagents for their Linked-Reads method to generate long synthetic DNA reads out of short-read readouts such as those from Illumina SBS sequencers. These Linked-Reads were useful for de novo genome assembly applications, where the length of the reads is crucial to produce long assembled sequences. As of June 30, 2020, the company discontinued the sale of the Chromium Genome and Exome product lines.

Single Cell Gene Expression

Later on, 10x Genomics started selling single cell transcriptomic reagents for their Chromium instrument. These would generate libraries ready for sequencing in short-read NGS sequencers, and after data analysis, they produce a single-cell profile of the expressed mRNAs across a population of cells.

This product line continued to grow, including adaptations of the methodology to obtain 5'GEX as well as the original 3'GEX transcriptomes out of the Chromium microfluidics encapsulations. Other adaptations included the Single Cell Immune Profiling kits, which with the help of specific primers would only adapt and amplify specific mRNA chains (e.g. BCR or TRC amplification) either from a defined subset or via a custom panel of genes that the customer could order.

Furthermore, other kits of the same Single Cell Chromium technology were released, e.g. for Multiome ATAC profiling alone or in combination of the Gene Expression methods.

Spatial Gene Expression

Through a combination of internal technology development and strategic acquisitions, the company positioned itself in the Spatial Gene Expression market (a.k.a. spatialomics) with their Visium product line, both for Targeted Gene Expression and Whole Transcriptome.

As a parallel effort in the Visium product line, the company developed a Xenium product line. The new Xenium platform is a single molecule RNA and protein platform offering subcellular resolution for pre-designed and custom panels.

Arbitration and lawsuit

Saxonov, Hindson, and Ness worked together at Quantalife prior to its acquisition by Bio-Rad in 2011 and left in 2012 to launch 10x Genomics. In 2014 an arbitration dispute was brought against the three cofounders by Bio-Rad, claiming they had breached obligations they allegedly owed to Bio-Rad after it acquired Quantalife. In 2015 an arbitrator determined that the founders of 10x Genomics had not breached their obligation to Bio-Rad when they left the company and denied its claims.[12]

In November 2018, a Delaware jury found that 10x Genomics infringed on several University of Chicago patents which were exclusively licensed to Bio-Rad. 10x Genomics were ordered to pay $24 million in damages to Bio-Rad and a 15% royalty on sales.[13][14] 10x Genomics appealed the verdict but the decision was upheld in August 2020.[15][16]

References

  1. ^ a b c Herper, Matthew. "Buzzy Startup 10x Genomics Buys Spatial Transcriptomics In Bet On Genetic Tools". Forbes. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  2. ^ "10X Genomics Founders Prevail in Arbitration Dispute With Bio-Rad". GenomeWeb. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  3. ^ "Muse bio appoints Kevin Ness new CEO". InnovatioNews. 2016-12-09. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  4. ^ "Tesla's former finance chief becomes CFO of genomics startup". Axios. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  5. ^ Farr, Christina (2018-08-28). "SoftBank-backed 10x Genomics buys pinomics". www.cnbc.com. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  6. ^ "10x Genomics Acquires Spatial Transcriptomics". GenomeWeb. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  7. ^ Torres, Blanca. "Fast-growing biotech leases up 150,000 square feet in Pleasanton for new headquarters". San Francisco Business Times. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  8. ^ Setty, Ganesh (2019-09-12). "Biotech start-up 10x Genomics surges in IPO debut". CNBC. Retrieved 2019-10-07.
  9. ^ "10x Genomics' IPO rockets past a $390M raise". FierceBiotech. Retrieved 2019-10-07.
  10. ^ Hepler, Lauren. "10x Genomics takes gene imaging and analysis tools to the big leagues". San Francisco Business Times. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  11. ^ "JP Morgan Healthcare, Day One: 10x Genomics, Myriad, Bruker, Konica Minolta, Geisinger". GenomeWeb. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  12. ^ "10X Genomics Founders Prevail in Arbitration Dispute With Bio-Rad". GenomeWeb. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  13. ^ November 15, Scott Graham; PM, 2018 at 02:24. "Bio-Rad Snares $24 Million Patent Infringement Verdict". The Recorder. Retrieved 2019-01-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ "Bio-Rad Awarded $24M in 10x Genomics Patent Infringement Lawsuit". GenomeWeb. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  15. ^ Graham, Scott (10 April 2020). "Bio-Rad Sounds Poised to Win on Money, Lose on Injunction". National Law Journal. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
  16. ^ "Bio-Rad wins appeal in 10x Genomics patent infringement ruling". Scienceboard.net. 5 August 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
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