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<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. --> |
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{|{{Infobox aircraft begin |
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|name = Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP) |
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|image = |
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|caption = |
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}}{{Infobox aircraft program |
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|aim = Multirole Fighter |
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|requirement = |
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|issuer = [[Royal Air Force]], [[Japan Air Self-Defense Force]], [[Italian Air Force]] |
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|service = |
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|value = |
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|initiated = December 2022 |
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|proposals = |
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|prototypes = |
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|concluded = |
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|outcome = |
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|predecessors = [[BAE Systems Tempest]], [[Mitsubishi F-X]] |
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|successors = |
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|related = |
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}} |
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The '''Global Combat Air Programme''' ('''GCAP''') is a multinational initiative led by the [[United Kingdom]], [[Japan]] and [[Italy]] to develop a [[sixth-generation fighter|sixth-generation]] [[Stealth aircraft|stealth fighter]]. The programme aims to replace the [[Eurofighter Typhoon]] and the [[Mitsubishi F-2]] aircraft currently in service with the [[Royal Air Force]], the [[Italian Air Force]], and the [[Japan Air Self-Defense Force]]. On December 9, 2022, the governments of Japan, the United Kingdom, and Italy jointly announced that they would develop and deploy a common fighter jet, merging their previously separate sixth-generation projects; United Kingdom-led [[BAE Systems Tempest]], and the Japanese [[Mitsubishi F-X]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Why Japan Chose Britain and Italy for Its F-X Fighter Program |date=December 9, 2022 |publisher=The Diplomat |url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/12/why-japan-chose-britain-and-italy-for-its-f-x-fighter-program/}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Chuter |first=Andrew |date=2022-12-09 |title=Move over, Tempest: Japan pact takes UK-Italy fighter plan ‘global’ |url=https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2022/12/09/move-over-tempest-japan-pact-takes-uk-italy-fighter-plan-global/ |access-date=2022-12-11 |website=Defense News |language=en}}</ref> |
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==Development== |
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Discussions to combine efforts on Tempest with Japan's own [[Mitsubishi F-X]] fighter project as a means to cut development costs began as early as 2017.<ref>{{cite news |last=Gady |first=Franz-Stefan |date=28 March 2017 |title=Japan and UK to Collaborate on Advanced Stealth Fighter Jet |work=The Diplomat |url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/03/japan-and-uk-to-collaborate-on-advanced-stealth-fighter-jet/ |access-date=27 Dec 2021}}</ref><ref name="export">{{cite web|url=https://aviationweek.com/ad-week/export-centric-tempest-has-global-ambitions-partners|title=Export-Centric Tempest Has Global Ambitions For Partners|first=Tony|last=Osborne|date=10 July 2020|work=Aviation Week|access-date=27 Dec 2021}}</ref><ref name="guardreveal">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/jul/16/uk-tempest-fighter-jet-typhoon-farnborough-airshow|title=UK unveils new Tempest fighter jet to replace Typhoon|newspaper=The Guardian|first=Rob|last=Davies|date=16 July 2018|access-date=16 July 2018}}</ref> The final decision made towards the end of 2022 to merge the development and deployment of a common fighter jet under a project called the "Global Combat Air Program" (GCAP) with development shared with Italy.<ref>{{cite news |date=14 August 2022 |title=Japan, U.K. to develop common airframe for next-gen fighters |work=The Japan News |publisher=[[Yomiuri Shimbun]] |url=https://japannews.yomiuri.co.jp/politics/defense-security/20220814-51506/ |access-date=15 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=9 December 2022 |title=UK, Italy and Japan team up for new fighter jet |work=BBC |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-63908284 |access-date=9 December 2022}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> |
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==Contractors== |
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The programme is envisaged as an equal partnership between the member nations. In the UK, [[BAE Systems]] will act as prime contractor and handle the airframe, [[Rolls-Royce Holdings|Rolls-Royce]] the engines, [[Leonardo S.p.A.|Leonardo]]'s UK division the electronics, and [[MBDA UK]] the weapons. In Japan, [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries]] will act as prime contractor, with [[IHI Corporation]] handling the engines, and [[Mitsubishi Electric]] handling the electronics. In Italy, [[Leonardo S.p.A.]] will be prime contractor, with [[Avio Aero]] working on the engines, and [[MBDA]] will also work on missile development.<ref name ='reuters'>{{cite web|url=https://jp.reuters.com/article/%E6%97%A5%E8%8B%B1%E4%BC%8A-%E6%AC%A1%E6%9C%9F%E6%88%A6%E9%97%98%E6%A9%9F%E3%81%AE%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BA%E3%81%A7%E5%90%88%E6%84%8F%E3%80%802035%E5%B9%B4%E3%81%AB%E9%85%8D%E5%82%99%E9%96%8B%E5%A7%8B-idJPL4N32Y2ST|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209050354/https://jp.reuters.com/article/%E6%97%A5%E8%8B%B1%E4%BC%8A-%E6%AC%A1%E6%9C%9F%E6%88%A6%E9%97%98%E6%A9%9F%E3%81%AE%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BA%E3%81%A7%E5%90%88%E6%84%8F%E3%80%802035%E5%B9%B4%E3%81%AB%E9%85%8D%E5%82%99%E9%96%8B%E5%A7%8B-idJPL4N32Y2ST|script-title=ja:日英伊、次期戦闘機の共同開発で合意 2035年に配備開始|language=ja|publisher=[[Reuters]]|date=9 December 2022|archive-date=9 December 2022|access-date=9 December 2022}}</ref> |
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==Programme timeline== |
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By around 2024, detailed development and cost sharing for each company will be clarified, and production will begin around 2030, with the first aircraft to be deployed in 2035.<ref name ='reuters'/> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[Next Generation Air Dominance]] (NGAD) |
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* [[F/A-XX program|F/A-XX]] |
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* [[Future Combat Air System]] (FCAS) |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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{{Stealth aircraft}} |
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<!--[[Category:Stealth aircraft]] |
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[[Category:Proposed aircraft of the United Kingdom]] |
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[[Category:Proposed aircraft of Italy]] |
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[[Category:United Kingdom military aircraft procurement program]]--> |
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Revision as of 14:31, 2 January 2023