User:Every-leaf-that-trembles/draft-new1: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
more |
clear Tag: Blanking |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{user draft|date=February 2023}} |
|||
{{short description|Marine ecoregion}} |
|||
{{Infobox marine ecoregion |
|||
|name = North Patagonian Gulfs marine ecoregion |
|||
|image = Playa bonita rada.JPG |
|||
|image_size = |
|||
|image_alt = |
|||
|caption = Coast at Golfo San Jorge, Argentina |
|||
|map = North Patagonian Gulfs marine ecoregion.png |
|||
|map_size = |
|||
|map_alt = |
|||
|map_caption = Marine ecoregion boundaries (red line) |
|||
|marine_realm = [[Temperate South America]] |
|||
|marine_province = [[Magellanic province]] |
|||
|biome = |
|||
|marine_border = [[Uruguay - Buenos Aires Shelf marine ecoregion|Uruguay - Buenos Aires Shelf]], [[Patagonian Shelf marine ecoregion|Patagonian Shelf]] |
|||
|marine_border1 = |
|||
|mangrove_border = |
|||
|freshwater_border = |
|||
|terrestrial_border = |
|||
|animals = |
|||
|area = 208821<ref name="sp_nat_cons"/> |
|||
|country = [[Argentina]] |
|||
|country1 = |
|||
|state = |
|||
|state1 = |
|||
|state2 = |
|||
|state3 = |
|||
|region_type = [[Marine ecoregion]] |
|||
|coordinates= |
|||
|seas = |
|||
|physical_features = |
|||
|coast = |
|||
|currents = |
|||
|rivers = |
|||
|conservation = |
|||
|global200 = |
|||
|protected = |
|||
|protected_ref = |
|||
|embedded = |
|||
}} |
|||
The '''North Patagonian Gulfs [[marine ecoregion]]''' covers the gulfs and continental shelf of the middle [[Patagonian]] coast of [[Argentina]]. As the name suggests, the coast is indented with large gulfs - [[San Matías Gulf]] (north), [[Golfo Nuevo]] (middle) and [[San Jorge Gulf]] (south). The broad, protected areas and rocky reefs support abundant fisheries. The abundance of rocks, promontories and islands support breeding sites for marine mammals and colonies of seabirds. The area is, however, under pressure from over-harvesting of mollusk and crustacean beds, and from development and tourism.<ref name="sp_nat_cons"/>. The entire ecoregion is on the [[Patagonian Shelf]]. The ecoregion is part of the [[Magellanic]] marine province. It is thus part of the [[Temperate South America]] realm. |
|||
<ref name="spalding">{{cite web|title=Marine Ecoregions of the World: A Bioregionalization of Coastal and Shelf Areas|author=Spalding, MD; Fox, Helen; Allen, Gerald; Davidson, Nick|url=https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/57/7/573/238419|publisher=Bioscience|language=en|access-date=June 30, 2022}}</ref> |
|||
<ref name="mro">{{cite web|title=North Patagonian Gulfs|url=https://www.marineregions.org/gazetteer.php?p=details&id=21889|publisher=MarineRegions.org|language=en|access-date=September 9, 2022}}</ref> |
|||
<ref name="ebs">{{cite web|title=Patagonian Shelf|url=http://onesharedocean.org/LME_14_Patagonian_Shelf|publisher=One Shared Ocean|language=en|access-date=September 9, 2022}}</ref> |
|||
<ref name="dopa">{{cite web|title=North Patagonian gulfs|url=https://dopa-explorer.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ecoregion/20184|publisher=Digital Observatory for Protected Areas (DOPA)|language=en|access-date=July 31, 2023}}</ref>. |
|||
==Physical setting== |
|||
The northern border of the ecoregion, at 41°S, reaches out for 260 miles into the [[Atlantic Ocean]] from the mouth of [[Río Negro (Argentina)]]. The ecoregion is bounded on the south at 47°S at the southern point of [[San Jorge Gulf]]. In between are 1,890 miles of highly indented coastline. The bordering coast is generally low, dry scrub and grassland, characterized by the [[Argentine Monte]] ecoregion along the northern coast and [[Patagonian Desert]] along the southern.<ref name="sp_nat_cons">{{cite web|title=Setting Geographic Priorities for Marine Conservation in Latin America and the Caribbean|url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnach523.pdf|publisher=The Nature Conservancy|language=en|access-date=June 30, 2022}}</ref>. Few rivers feed the ecoregion; exceptions are the Rio Negro in the north and [[Chubut River]] in the south. |
|||
The entire ecoregion sits on the continental shelf (the Patagonian Shelf). The deepest point in the ecoregion overall is {{convert|-216|m|ft}}, and the average is {{convert|-78|m|ft}}.<ref name="dopa"/> |
|||
==Currents and climate== |
|||
The cold, nutrient-rich [[Falkland Current|Malvinas Current]] (MC) (also called the Falkland Current) is a north-flowing offshoot of the [[Antarctic Circumpolar Current]] that flows along the continental slope just offshore of the ecoregion. The cross-shelf flow (perpendicular to the coast) varies in rate in an annual cycle.<ref name="oc_mal">{{cite web|title=The Malvinas Current|url=https://oceancurrents.rsmas.miami.edu/atlantic/malvinas.html|publisher=University of Miami|language=en|access-date=March 18, 2023}}</ref> |
|||
Surface water temperatures in the gulfs range from 8ºC in August–September to 18ºC in February–March.<ref name="galavin"/> |
|||
==Animals / Fish== |
|||
Marine productivity is very high in the region. The shallow waters of the shelf provide light and protection, the varied seabed (rocks, gravel, limestone) support a rich benthic community, and the marine fronts provide mixing of nutrients and sea life. In the San Matias Gulf, the most important commercial fisheries are for Argentine hake (''[[Merluccius hubbsi]]'') and the Choicy ruff (''[[Seriolella porosa]]'').<ref name="williams">{{cite web|title=Variability of phytoplankton biomass and environmental drivers in a semi-enclosed coastal ecosystem (San Matías Gulf, Patagonian Continental Shelf, Argentina) using ocean color remote sensing (MODIS) and oceanographic field data: Implications for fishery resources|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0924796321001111|authors=G.N. Williams, J.P. Pisoni, M./E. Solis, M.A. Romero, M. Ocampo-Rinaldo, G.M. Svendsen, N.S. Cursio, N.A. Navarte, J.L. Estevez, R.A.C. Gonzalez|publisher=Journal of Marine Systems|language=en|access-date=August 2, 2013}}</ref> |
|||
<ref name="alemany">{{cite web|title=Marine fronts are important fishing areas for demersal species at the Argentine Sea (Southwest Atlantic Ocean)|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1385110113002463|authors=Daniela Alemany, Eduardo M. Acha, Oscar O. Iriban|publisher=Journal of Sea Research|language=en|access-date=August 3, 2023}}</ref> |
|||
<ref name="galavin">{{cite web|title=The Reef-fish Fauna of the Northern Patagonian Gulfs, Argentina, Southwestern Atlantic|authors=DE Galvin, L Venerus, AJ Irogoyen |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235363427_The_Reef-fish_Fauna_of_the_Northern_Patagonian_Gulfs_Argentina_South-western_Atlantic|publisher=The Open Fish Science Journal|language=en|access-date=July 31, 2023}}</ref> |
|||
==Conservation== |
|||
The ecoregion includes the waters around [[Valdés Peninsula]], a World Heritage site famous breeding sites for [[sea lions]], [[elephant seals]] and [[fur seals]]. The area also supports the most important breeding ground for [[Southern right whales]] in the world. |
|||
==References== |
|||
{{refs}} |
|||