Palladium black: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Starxberry (talk | contribs) m added a missing word Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 24: | Line 24: | ||
'''Palladium black''' is a coarse, [[metal sponge|sponge-like form]] of elemental [[palladium]] which offers a large [[surface area]] for [[catalyst|catalytic]] [[Activity (chemistry)|activity]]. It is used in [[organic synthesis]] as a catalyst for [[hydrogenation]] reactions.<ref name=Shigeo>{{cite book|last1=Nishimura|first1=Shigeo|title=Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation for Organic Synthesis|date=2001|publisher=Wiley-Interscience|location=New York|isbn=9780471396987|pages=34–35|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RjZRAAAAMAAJ&q=0471396982&dq=0471396982}}</ref> |
'''Palladium black''' is a coarse, [[metal sponge|sponge-like form]] of elemental [[palladium]] which offers a large [[surface area]] for [[catalyst|catalytic]] [[Activity (chemistry)|activity]]. It is used in [[organic synthesis]] as a catalyst for [[hydrogenation]] reactions.<ref name=Shigeo>{{cite book|last1=Nishimura|first1=Shigeo|title=Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation for Organic Synthesis|date=2001|publisher=Wiley-Interscience|location=New York|isbn=9780471396987|pages=34–35|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RjZRAAAAMAAJ&q=0471396982&dq=0471396982}}</ref> |
||
The term palladium black is also used colloquially to refer to a black precipitate of elemental palladium, which forms via decomposition of various palladium complexes.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Iwasawa|first1=Tetsuo|last2=Tokunaga|first2=Makoto|last3=Obora|first3=Yasushi|last4=Tsuji|first4=Yasushi|date=2004-06-01|title=Homogeneous Palladium Catalyst Suppressing Pd Black Formation in Air Oxidation of Alcohols|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=126|issue=21|pages=6554–6555|doi=10.1021/ja031936l|pmid=15161274|issn=0002-7863}}</ref> |
The term palladium black is also used colloquially to refer to a black precipitate of elemental palladium, which forms via decomposition of various palladium complexes.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Iwasawa|first1=Tetsuo|last2=Tokunaga|first2=Makoto|last3=Obora|first3=Yasushi|last4=Tsuji|first4=Yasushi|date=2004-06-01|title=Homogeneous Palladium Catalyst Suppressing Pd Black Formation in Air Oxidation of Alcohols|journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society|volume=126|issue=21|pages=6554–6555|doi=10.1021/ja031936l|pmid=15161274|issn=0002-7863}}</ref> |
||
==Preparation== |
==Preparation== |
||
Latest revision as of 20:27, 11 August 2023
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Palladium
| |
| Other names
Palladium black
| |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
|
|
| EC Number |
|
PubChem CID
|
|
| UNII | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| Pd | |
| Molar mass | 106.42 |
| Appearance | Black powder |
| Solubility | Organic solvents |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
Palladium black is a coarse, sponge-like form of elemental palladium which offers a large surface area for catalytic activity. It is used in organic synthesis as a catalyst for hydrogenation reactions.[1]
The term palladium black is also used colloquially to refer to a black precipitate of elemental palladium, which forms via decomposition of various palladium complexes.[2]
Preparation
[edit]Palladium black is typically prepared from palladium(II) chloride or palladium(II)-ammonium chloride.[1] The palladium chloride process entails the formation of palladium hydroxide using lithium hydroxide followed by reduction under hydrogen gas[3] while the palladium(II)-ammonium chloride route employs a solution of formic acid followed by the precipitation of the catalyst using potassium hydroxide.[4]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Nishimura, Shigeo (2001). Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation for Organic Synthesis (1st ed.). New York: Wiley-Interscience. pp. 34–35. ISBN 9780471396987.
- ^ Iwasawa, Tetsuo; Tokunaga, Makoto; Obora, Yasushi; Tsuji, Yasushi (2004-06-01). "Homogeneous Palladium Catalyst Suppressing Pd Black Formation in Air Oxidation of Alcohols". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 126 (21): 6554–6555. doi:10.1021/ja031936l. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 15161274.
- ^ Nishimura, Shigeo; Itaya, Takashi; Shiota, Michio (1967). "Reactions of cycloalkanones in the presence of platinum-metal catalysts and hydrogen". Chemical Communications (9): 422–423. doi:10.1039/C19670000422.
- ^ Zelinsky, N.; Glinka, N. (1911). "Über gleichzeitige Reduktions- und Oxydationskatalyse". Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft. 44 (3): 2305–2311. doi:10.1002/cber.19110440347.