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[[File:Bild-HG-Foto-Hirch-2023.jpg|thumb|Photo of Hans Geissel]]
[[File:Bild-HG-Foto-Hirch-2023.jpg|thumb|Photo of Hans Geissel]]
'''Hans Geissel''' (born May 13, 1950 in [[Alsfeld]]) is a German [[experimental physicist]] who studies the atomic and nuclear interaction of energetic [[Particle_accelerator|heavy ions]] with [[matter]]. In particular, his research focuses on the discovery of new [[isotope]]s and the investigation of their properties.
'''Hans Geissel''' (born May 13, 1950 in [[Alsfeld]]) is a German [[experimental physicist]] who studies the atomic and nuclear interaction of energetic [[Particle_accelerator|heavy ions]] with [[matter]]. In particular, his research focuses on the discovery of new [[isotope]]s and the investigation of their properties.<ref name="spiegel"/>
Geissel was an [[adjunct professor]] at the II Institute of Physics at [[University_of_Giessen|JLU Giessen]] (emeritus 2015)<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-08-12|title=II. Physikalisches Institut: AG Scheidenberger|url=https://www.uni-giessen.de/en/faculties/f07/departments/physics/institutes/instittes-en/groups/content/index|website=uni-giessen.de}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> and was head of the FRS / Super-FRS department at the
Geissel was an [[adjunct professor]] at the II Institute of Physics at [[University_of_Giessen|JLU Giessen]] (emeritus 2015)<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-08-12|title=II. Physikalisches Institut: AG Scheidenberger|url=https://www.uni-giessen.de/en/faculties/f07/departments/physics/institutes/instittes-en/groups/content/index|website=uni-giessen.de}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> and was head of the FRS / Super-FRS department at the
[[GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research]] in [[Darmstadt]], where he is now a ''Helmholtz Professor''.<ref name="frs">{{cite web|access-date=2023-08-12|title=Website of the FRS-Group|url=https://www.gsi.de/en/work/forschung/nustarenna/nustarenna_divisions/frs_super_frs|website=gsi.de|date=31 May 2011 }}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
[[GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research]] in [[Darmstadt]], where he is now a ''Helmholtz Professor''.<ref name="frs">{{cite web|access-date=2023-08-12|title=Website of the FRS-Group|url=https://www.gsi.de/en/work/forschung/nustarenna/nustarenna_divisions/frs_super_frs|website=gsi.de|date=31 May 2011 }}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>


== Biografy ==
== Biografy ==
Hans Geissel studied [[physics]] at the [[University of Giessen|Justus Liebig University of Giessen]] in Gießen. In his diploma thesis, which was supervised by [[Gottfried Münzenberg|Prof. Dr. Gottfried Münzenberg]], he worked on the development of [[Time-of-flight detector|time-of-flight detectors]] as part of the construction of the heavy-ion separator SHIP in the newly-founded research center [[GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research|GSI]] in [[Darmstadt]]. His doctoral thesis (supervisor: [[Peter Armbruster|Prof. Dr. Peter Armbruster]]) concentrated on the study of atomic interactions and the slowing-down of heavy ions in matter in the energy range up to 10 MeV/u, which was available at the [[Universal linear accelerator|UNILAC]] for all projectiles up to uranium for the first time.
Hans Geissel studied [[physics]] at the [[University of Giessen|Justus Liebig University of Giessen]] in Gießen. In his diploma thesis, which was supervised by [[Gottfried Münzenberg|Prof. Dr. Gottfried Münzenberg]], he worked on the development of [[Time-of-flight detector|time-of-flight detectors]] as part of the construction of the heavy-ion separator SHIP in the newly-founded research center [[GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research|GSI]] in [[Darmstadt]]. His doctoral thesis (supervisor: [[Peter Armbruster|Prof. Dr. Peter Armbruster]]) concentrated on the study of atomic interactions and the slowing-down of heavy ions in matter in the energy range up to 10 MeV/u, which was available at the [[Universal linear accelerator|UNILAC]] for all projectiles up to uranium for the first time.<ref name="spiegel">Spiegel der Forschung, 21. Jg./Nr. 1/2 November 2004, GSI, Darmstadt, https://jlupub.ub.uni-giessen.de/bitstream/handle/jlupub/5251/SdF-2004-1_2s.pdf?sequence=1</ref>


From 1982-1984, Hans Geissel worked as a post-doctoral student at the [[Atomic Energy of Canada Limited|Canadian institute AECL]] in [[Chalk River]] ([[Ontario]]) in the field of [[solid-state physics]]. In the group of Prof. Dr. William Lennard, he carried out several experiments on a research reactor and smaller ion accelerators.
From 1982-1984, Hans Geissel worked as a post-doctoral student at the [[Atomic Energy of Canada Limited|Canadian institute AECL]] in [[Chalk River]] ([[Ontario]]) in the field of [[solid-state physics]]. In the group of Prof. Dr. William Lennard, he carried out several experiments on a research reactor and smaller ion accelerators. <ref>W.N. Lennard, H. Geissel, D. Phillips, D.P. Jackson:
”Heavy-ion straggling: Possible evidence for inner-shell excitation.”
Phys. Rev. Lett. 57 (1986) 318</ref>


=== Construction of the fragment separator FRS at GSI ===
=== Construction of the fragment separator FRS at GSI ===
Line 28: Line 30:
In 2012, he topped the list for the first time[https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~thoennes/isotopes-2012/top-coauthors.htm] with 272 co-authorships. For the criteria used, see [https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~thoennes/isotopes/ ''Discovery of Nuclides Project''].</ref>
In 2012, he topped the list for the first time[https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~thoennes/isotopes-2012/top-coauthors.htm] with 272 co-authorships. For the criteria used, see [https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~thoennes/isotopes/ ''Discovery of Nuclides Project''].</ref>


The first proton-halo nucleus<ref>W. Schwab, H. Geissel, et. al:
The first proton-halo nucleus and 2-proton radioactivity are examples of important discoveries made with the FRS and its detector systems. New heavy neutron-rich isotopes are of great importance for the detailed understanding of the element synthesis in stars. With the FRS branch in combination with the storage and cooler ring ESR, several hundred new ground-state masses were measured for the first time and the new [[beta decay|β<sup>−</sup>-decay]] mode into bound atomic states was investigated. Pioneering experiments with the FRS-ESR combination were led by Hans Geissel for more than ten years. The third FRS branch provides relativistic exotic projectile beams to the large detector systems LAND and ALADIN, where new nuclear properties have been discovered by applying full kinematic measurements of all nuclear reaction products.
”Observation of a Proton Halo in 8B.” Z. Phys. A350 (1995) 283</ref> and 2-proton radioactivity are examples of important discoveries made with the FRS and its detector systems. New heavy neutron-rich isotopes are of great importance for the detailed understanding of the element synthesis in stars. With the FRS branch in combination with the storage and cooler ring ESR, several hundred new ground-state masses were measured for the first time and the new [[beta decay|β<sup>−</sup>-decay]] mode into bound atomic states was investigated.<ref>T. Radon, Th. Kerscher, et al.:
”Schottky Mass Measurements of Cooled Proton-Rich Nuclei in the
Storage Ring ESR.”
Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 (1997) 4701</ref> Pioneering experiments with the FRS-ESR combination were led by Hans Geissel for more than ten years.<ref> Litvinov, Yu.A.; Geissel, H.; Radon, T.; et al.:
”Mass measurement of cooled neutron-deficient bismuth projectile fragments with time-resolved Schottky mass spectrometry at the FRS-ESR
facility.”
Nucl. Phys. A756 (2005) 3.</ref> The third FRS branch provides relativistic exotic projectile beams to the large detector systems LAND and ALADIN, where new nuclear properties have been discovered by applying full kinematic measurements of all nuclear reaction products.<ref>Simon, H.; Meister, M.; et al.:
” Systematic investigation of the drip-line nuclei Li-11 and Be-14 and
their unbound subsystems Li-10 and Be-13.”
Nucl. Phys. A 791 (2007) 267.</ref>


Since the FRS is also a high-resolution [[magnetic spectrometer]], it has been used to investigate new properties in the field of atomic collisions of relativistic heavy ions.
Since the FRS is also a high-resolution [[magnetic spectrometer]], it has been used to investigate new properties in the field of atomic collisions of relativistic heavy ions.<ref>H. Geissel, H. Weick, C. Scheidenberger, R. Bimbot, D. Gardes:
”Experimental Studies of Heavy-Ion Slowing Down in Matter.”
Nucl. Inst. Meth. B195 (2002) 3</ref>
These studies are directly related to the new results of Hans Geissel’s doctoral thesis and the AECL experiments in the low-energy range. The experimental results at relativistic velocities clearly show strong deviations from the widely-used Bethe theory.<ref>H. Geissel, H. Weick, C. Scheidenberger et al.: ''Experimental studies of heavy-ion slowing down in matter.'' In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods Physics Research B 195, S. 3–54 (2002). [[doi:10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01311-3]]</ref>
These studies are directly related to the new results of Hans Geissel’s doctoral thesis and the AECL experiments in the low-energy range. The experimental results at relativistic velocities clearly show strong deviations from the widely-used Bethe theory.<ref>H. Geissel, H. Weick, C. Scheidenberger et al.: ''Experimental studies of heavy-ion slowing down in matter.'' In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods Physics Research B 195, S. 3–54 (2002). [[doi:10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01311-3]]</ref>
Precise data on atomic interactions are also required for [[Particle_therapy#Carbon_ion_radiotherapy|tumor therapy with ions]] and other applications.<ref>G. Kraft, N. Angert, K. Blasche, et al.:
⚫
Precise data on atomic interactions are also required for [[Particle_therapy#Carbon_ion_radiotherapy|tumor therapy with ions]] and other applications. In the early 1990s, Hans Geissel was also strongly involved in the development of [[positron]]-emitting beams for the [[Radiation therapy|irradiation of tumor]] patients. An important milestone in Hans Geissel's scientific work was the experimental discovery of deeply-bound [[pion|pionic states]] in heavy atoms (Pb, Sn). Hans Geissel and his colleagues in international research teams in France, Japan, Canada and the USA have contributed to an improved understanding of both the atomic and nuclear interaction of energetic ions with matter. The successful experiments with the FRS will be extended to higher rates and accuracies in the near future with the Super-FRS<ref>H.Geissel, H. Weick, M. Winkler et al.: ''The Super-FRS project at GSI.'' In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research B 204, S. 71–85 (2003). [[doi:10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01893-1]]</ref> currently under construction.
”The GSI Project: Biomedical and Radiobiological Activities.”
Proc. EULIMA workshop on potential value of light ion beam therapy,
Nice, France 1988; GSI Preprint GSI-88-60</ref> In the early 1990s, Hans Geissel was also strongly involved in the development of [[positron]]-emitting beams for the [[Radiation therapy|irradiation of tumor]] patients.<ref>Kostyleva, Daria, et al. "Precision of the PET activity range during irradiation with ¹⁰C, ¹¹C, and ¹²C beams." Physics in Medicine & Biology 1 (2023)</ref> An important milestone in Hans Geissel's scientific work was the experimental discovery of deeply-bound [[pion|pionic states]] in heavy atoms (Pb, Sn).<ref>A. Gillitzer, H. Geissel, et al.:
”Discovery of deeply bound pi - states in the 208Pb(d,3He) reaction.”
⚫
Act. Phys. Pol. B29 (1998) 3035</ref> Hans Geissel and his colleagues in international research teams in France, Japan, Canada and the USA have contributed to an improved understanding of both the atomic and nuclear interaction of energetic ions with matter.<ref>Ahn, Deuk Soon, et al. "Discovery of Na 39." Physical Review Letters 129.21 (2022): 212502.</ref> The successful experiments with the FRS will be extended to higher rates and accuracies in the near future with the Super-FRS currently under construction.<ref>H.Geissel, H. Weick, M. Winkler et al.: ''The Super-FRS project at GSI.'' In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research B 204, S. 71–85 (2003). [[doi:10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01893-1]]</ref>


===Work in Education===
===Work in Education===
Since 1985, Hans Geissel has supervised many generations of diploma, master and doctoral students, most of which were carried out at the Justus-Liebig University in Giessen. He habilitated in 1994 in the physics department at his alma mater in the 2nd Physics Institute (headed by Prof. Dr. Volker Metag at the time) and has since been part of the IONAS Group, which was founded in 2000. In keeping with his spirit, cutting-edge research using large-scale experimental equipment and the training of students are inseparable.
Since 1985, Hans Geissel has supervised many generations of diploma, master and doctoral students, most of which were carried out at the Justus-Liebig University in Giessen. He habilitated in 1994 in the physics department at his alma mater in the 2nd Physics Institute (headed by Prof. Dr. Volker Metag at the time) and has since been part of the IONAS Group, which was founded in 2000. In keeping with his spirit, cutting-edge research using large-scale experimental equipment and the training of students are inseparable.<ref name="spiegel" />


== Awards ==
== Awards ==
* 1982: DPG Research Grant Canada
* 1982: DPG Research Grant Canada<ref>H. Geissel, W.N. Lennard, H.R. Andrews, D. Ward, D. Phillips:
”Problems of interpreting energy loss data for non-zero emergent an-
gles.”
Phys. Lett. A106 (1984) 371</ref>
* 2000 and 2010 GENCO Membership Award<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-11-06|title=Membership Awards|url=https://www.gsi.de/work/forschung/nustarenna/genco/members|website=gsi.de|date=February 2019 }}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
* 2000 and 2010 GENCO Membership Award<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-11-06|title=Membership Awards|url=https://www.gsi.de/work/forschung/nustarenna/genco/members|website=gsi.de|date=February 2019 }}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
* 2010: Honorary Doctorate at [[Chalmers_University_of_Technology|Chalmers University of Technology]], [[Göteborg]]<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-06-30|author=Justus-Liebig-University Giessen|date=2010-07-28|title=Ehrendoktor für Prof. Dr. Hans Geissel|url=https://www.uni-giessen.de/de/ueber-uns/pressestelle/pm/pm184-10}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
* 2010: Honorary Doctorate at [[Chalmers_University_of_Technology|Chalmers University of Technology]], [[Göteborg]]<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-06-30|author=Justus-Liebig-University Giessen|date=2010-07-28|title=Ehrendoktor für Prof. Dr. Hans Geissel|url=https://www.uni-giessen.de/de/ueber-uns/pressestelle/pm/pm184-10}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
* 2010: Golden Medal of the [[Comenius University|Comenius University Bratislava]]
* 2010: Golden Medal of the [[Comenius University|Comenius University Bratislava]]
* 2011: GSI Disinguished Scientist
* 2011: GSI Distinguished Scientist
* 2013: „Weltrekord“ in der Zahl der neuentdeckten Isotope<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-08-12|author=Michael Thoennessen|date=2012|title=Table of top 1000 (co)authors|url=https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~thoennes/isotopes-2012/top-coauthors.htm}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
* 2013: „Weltrekord“ in der Zahl der neuentdeckten Isotope<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2023-08-12|author=Michael Thoennessen|date=2012|title=Table of top 1000 (co)authors|url=https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~thoennes/isotopes-2012/top-coauthors.htm}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
* 2015 ''Specially Appointed Professor'' at the [[Osaka University]]
* 2015 ''Specially Appointed Professor'' at the [[Osaka University]]

Revision as of 10:49, 10 January 2024

  • Comment: Possibly notable but all of the information should be cited. BuySomeApples (talk) 19:40, 7 December 2023 (UTC)
Photo of Hans Geissel

Hans Geissel (born May 13, 1950 in Alsfeld) is a German experimental physicist who studies the atomic and nuclear interaction of energetic heavy ions with matter. In particular, his research focuses on the discovery of new isotopes and the investigation of their properties.[1] Geissel was an adjunct professor at the II Institute of Physics at JLU Giessen (emeritus 2015)[2] and was head of the FRS / Super-FRS department at the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt, where he is now a Helmholtz Professor.[3]

Biografy

Hans Geissel studied physics at the Justus Liebig University of Giessen in Gießen. In his diploma thesis, which was supervised by Prof. Dr. Gottfried Münzenberg, he worked on the development of time-of-flight detectors as part of the construction of the heavy-ion separator SHIP in the newly-founded research center GSI in Darmstadt. His doctoral thesis (supervisor: Prof. Dr. Peter Armbruster) concentrated on the study of atomic interactions and the slowing-down of heavy ions in matter in the energy range up to 10 MeV/u, which was available at the UNILAC for all projectiles up to uranium for the first time.[1]

From 1982-1984, Hans Geissel worked as a post-doctoral student at the Canadian institute AECL in Chalk River (Ontario) in the field of solid-state physics. In the group of Prof. Dr. William Lennard, he carried out several experiments on a research reactor and smaller ion accelerators. [4]

Construction of the fragment separator FRS at GSI

Back in Germany at GSI in 1984, his major research activity was the design, calculation and construction of the projectile fragment separator FRS with G. Münzenberg and the GSI infrastructure as part of the SIS-ESR project.[5]

Generation and investigation of new atomic nucleis

Geissel has performed outstanding research at GSI's FRS for over three decades, in particular on the production and investigation of new, unstable isotopes.[6] In 1999, GSI was awarded the 7th SUN-AMCO Medal of the IUPAP for its contributions to the production and mass determination of heavy nuclei, which Hans Geissel and Sigurd Hofmann accepted on behalf of the research center.[7] Since 2012, Hans Geissel has held the world record with the discovery of more than 280 new isotopes.[8]

The first proton-halo nucleus[9] and 2-proton radioactivity are examples of important discoveries made with the FRS and its detector systems. New heavy neutron-rich isotopes are of great importance for the detailed understanding of the element synthesis in stars. With the FRS branch in combination with the storage and cooler ring ESR, several hundred new ground-state masses were measured for the first time and the new β−-decay mode into bound atomic states was investigated.[10] Pioneering experiments with the FRS-ESR combination were led by Hans Geissel for more than ten years.[11] The third FRS branch provides relativistic exotic projectile beams to the large detector systems LAND and ALADIN, where new nuclear properties have been discovered by applying full kinematic measurements of all nuclear reaction products.[12]

Since the FRS is also a high-resolution magnetic spectrometer, it has been used to investigate new properties in the field of atomic collisions of relativistic heavy ions.[13] These studies are directly related to the new results of Hans Geissel’s doctoral thesis and the AECL experiments in the low-energy range. The experimental results at relativistic velocities clearly show strong deviations from the widely-used Bethe theory.[14] Precise data on atomic interactions are also required for tumor therapy with ions and other applications.[15] In the early 1990s, Hans Geissel was also strongly involved in the development of positron-emitting beams for the irradiation of tumor patients.[16] An important milestone in Hans Geissel's scientific work was the experimental discovery of deeply-bound pionic states in heavy atoms (Pb, Sn).[17] Hans Geissel and his colleagues in international research teams in France, Japan, Canada and the USA have contributed to an improved understanding of both the atomic and nuclear interaction of energetic ions with matter.[18] The successful experiments with the FRS will be extended to higher rates and accuracies in the near future with the Super-FRS currently under construction.[19]

Work in Education

Since 1985, Hans Geissel has supervised many generations of diploma, master and doctoral students, most of which were carried out at the Justus-Liebig University in Giessen. He habilitated in 1994 in the physics department at his alma mater in the 2nd Physics Institute (headed by Prof. Dr. Volker Metag at the time) and has since been part of the IONAS Group, which was founded in 2000. In keeping with his spirit, cutting-edge research using large-scale experimental equipment and the training of students are inseparable.[1]

Awards

References

  1. ^ a b c Spiegel der Forschung, 21. Jg./Nr. 1/2 November 2004, GSI, Darmstadt, https://jlupub.ub.uni-giessen.de/bitstream/handle/jlupub/5251/SdF-2004-1_2s.pdf?sequence=1
  2. ^ "II. Physikalisches Institut: AG Scheidenberger". uni-giessen.de. Retrieved 2023-08-12.
  3. ^ a b "Website of the FRS-Group". gsi.de. 31 May 2011. Retrieved 2023-08-12.
  4. ^ W.N. Lennard, H. Geissel, D. Phillips, D.P. Jackson: ”Heavy-ion straggling: Possible evidence for inner-shell excitation.” Phys. Rev. Lett. 57 (1986) 318
  5. ^ H. Geissel, P. Armbruster, K. H. Behr et al.: The GSI projectile fragment separator (FRS): a versatile magnetic system for relativistic heavy ions. In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research B 70(1-4), S. 286–297 (1992). doi:10.1016/0168-583X(92)95944-M
  6. ^ H.Geissel, Gottfried Münzenberg, K. Riisager: Secondary Exotic Nuclear Beams. In: Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 45(1), S. 163–203 (1995). doi:10.1146/annurev.ns.45.120195.001115
  7. ^ "Report to the 1999 General Assembly for 1996-99". iupap.org. C2. Commission on Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, Atomic Masses and Fundamental Constants (SUNAMCO). Retrieved 2023-11-18.
  8. ^ He is the researcher with the most co-authorships in articles that detect a new isotope, with 277 co-authorships/isotopes as of 2022. See Michael Thoennessen. "Top 1000 (co)authors 2022" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-08-12. In 2012, he topped the list for the first time[1] with 272 co-authorships. For the criteria used, see Discovery of Nuclides Project.
  9. ^ W. Schwab, H. Geissel, et. al: ”Observation of a Proton Halo in 8B.” Z. Phys. A350 (1995) 283
  10. ^ T. Radon, Th. Kerscher, et al.: ”Schottky Mass Measurements of Cooled Proton-Rich Nuclei in the Storage Ring ESR.” Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 (1997) 4701
  11. ^ Litvinov, Yu.A.; Geissel, H.; Radon, T.; et al.: ”Mass measurement of cooled neutron-deficient bismuth projectile fragments with time-resolved Schottky mass spectrometry at the FRS-ESR facility.” Nucl. Phys. A756 (2005) 3.
  12. ^ Simon, H.; Meister, M.; et al.: ” Systematic investigation of the drip-line nuclei Li-11 and Be-14 and their unbound subsystems Li-10 and Be-13.” Nucl. Phys. A 791 (2007) 267.
  13. ^ H. Geissel, H. Weick, C. Scheidenberger, R. Bimbot, D. Gardes: ”Experimental Studies of Heavy-Ion Slowing Down in Matter.” Nucl. Inst. Meth. B195 (2002) 3
  14. ^ H. Geissel, H. Weick, C. Scheidenberger et al.: Experimental studies of heavy-ion slowing down in matter. In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods Physics Research B 195, S. 3–54 (2002). doi:10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01311-3
  15. ^ G. Kraft, N. Angert, K. Blasche, et al.: ”The GSI Project: Biomedical and Radiobiological Activities.” Proc. EULIMA workshop on potential value of light ion beam therapy, Nice, France 1988; GSI Preprint GSI-88-60
  16. ^ Kostyleva, Daria, et al. "Precision of the PET activity range during irradiation with ¹⁰C, ¹¹C, and ¹²C beams." Physics in Medicine & Biology 1 (2023)
  17. ^ A. Gillitzer, H. Geissel, et al.: ”Discovery of deeply bound pi - states in the 208Pb(d,3He) reaction.” Act. Phys. Pol. B29 (1998) 3035
  18. ^ Ahn, Deuk Soon, et al. "Discovery of Na 39." Physical Review Letters 129.21 (2022): 212502.
  19. ^ H.Geissel, H. Weick, M. Winkler et al.: The Super-FRS project at GSI. In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research B 204, S. 71–85 (2003). doi:10.1016/S0168-583X(02)01893-1
  20. ^ H. Geissel, W.N. Lennard, H.R. Andrews, D. Ward, D. Phillips: ”Problems of interpreting energy loss data for non-zero emergent an- gles.” Phys. Lett. A106 (1984) 371
  21. ^ "Membership Awards". gsi.de. February 2019. Retrieved 2023-11-06.
  22. ^ Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (2010-07-28). "Ehrendoktor für Prof. Dr. Hans Geissel". Retrieved 2023-06-30.
  23. ^ Michael Thoennessen (2012). "Table of top 1000 (co)authors". Retrieved 2023-08-12.
  24. ^ "Auszeichnung der Foundation for Polish Science for Prof. Hans Geissel". idw. Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen. 2020-02-09. Retrieved 2023-06-30.
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