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-{{Infobox person
-| name                      = Justo Garrán Moso
-| image                     = Justo Garrán Moso.jpg
-| alt                       =
-| caption                   =
-| birth_name                = Justo Garrán Moso<ref>in some works his ''segundo apellido'' is spelled "Mosso", see e.g. Manuel Revuelta González, S.J., ''La Compañía de Jesus en la España Contemporánea'', vol. II, Madrid 1991, ISBN 8487840078, p. 866, or Pilar León Sanz, ''Identidad e integración social: análisis de la sociabilidad en una sociedad de socorros mutuos (1902-1933)'', [in:] ''Dynamis'' 35 (2015), p. 42. It might have appeared as "Mosso" also in contemporary press. However, official documents and his books feature "Moso"</ref>
-| birth_date                = 1867
-| birth_place               = [[Olite]], Spain
-| death_date                = 1942
-| death_place               = [[Pamplona]], Spain
-| body_discovered           =
-| death_cause               =
-| resting_place             =
-| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
-| nationality               = Spanish
-| citizenship               =
-| other_names               =
-| known_for                 = politician
-| education                 =
-| alma_mater                =
-| employer                  =
-| notable works             =
-| occupation                = lawyer
-| years_active              =
-| height                    =
-| title                     =
-| term                      =
-| predecessor               =
-| successor                 =
-| party                     = [[:es:Partido Social Popular|PSP]], [[Carlism]]
-| opponents                 =
-| boards                    =
-| spouse                    =
-| partner                   =
-| children                  =
-| parents                   =
-| relations                 =
-| callsign                  =
-| awards                    =
-| signature                 =
-| signature_alt             =
-| website                   =
-| footnotes                 =
-}}
-'''Justo Pastor Román Garrán Moso''' (1867-1942) was a Spanish Catholic lawyer, publisher and politician, related to [[Valladolid]] and [[Navarre]]. He owned and managed a local [[Valladolid|vallisoletano]] newspaper, ''[[:es:Diario Regional|Diario Regional]]'' (1908-1926). In terms of ideology he was closest to [[Traditionalism (Spain)|Traditionalism]]. In terms of politics Garrán approached various right-wing currents, in-between ''[[Maurism|maurismo]]'', [[Integrism (Spain)|Integrism]], [[:es:Partido Social Popular|corporativist Christian Democracy]], ''[[Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera|primoderiverismo]]'' and [[Francoist Spain|Francoism]], yet he was most associated with [[Carlism]]. His career climaxed during two terms in the [[Cortes Generales|Cortes]] (1919-1920, 1923); he was also member of the ''primoderiverista'' quasi-parliament, [[National Assembly (Spain)|Asamblea Nacional Consultiva]] (1928-1930). He served in the [[Navarre|Navarrese]] self-government, [[:es:Diputación Foral de Navarra|Diputación Foral]] (1928-1930), and was member of the [[Second Spanish Republic|republican]] [[:es:Tribunal de Garantías Constitucionales|Tribunal de Garantías Constitucionales]] (1933-1936). Garrán was also the author of few theoretical treaties, dedicated to Church-state relations and to separate [[Basques|Basque]]-Navarrese legal establishments.
-==Family and youth==
-[[File:Josefa María Micaela Moso Navarlaz.jpg|thumb|160px|left|mother]]
-The Garráns have been for generations related to Valladolid. Justo’s great-grandfather, Nemesio Garrán Martínez, was ''[[regidor]]'' of the city, where he represented "artes y oficios"; in the [[Napoleonic era|Napoleonic period]] he voiced against resistance and advocated loyalty to “rey D. [[Joseph Bonaparte|José Napoleon I]]".<ref>in 1809 as regidor he co-signed a loyalist order, which claimed that "la resistencia armada es un acto quimérico, irracional, incivico y sórdido", and invited to stand by "su rey D. José Napoleon I", Jorge Sánchez Fernández, ''Valladolid durante la Guerra de la Indepndencia Española (1808-1814)'' [PhhD thesis Universidad de Valladolid], Valladolid 202, pp. 203-204</ref> Justo’s grandfather, Esteban Garrán Vitores (1797<ref> ''Justo Pastor Garran Moso'' entry, [in:] ''Geneaordonez'' service, available [https://www.geneaordonez.es/datos/pedigree.php?personID=I118298&tree=MiArbol here]</ref> -1865<ref> ''Boletin Oficial de la Provincia de Valladolid'' 04.12.66, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=751742&posicion=3&presentacion=pagina here]</ref>), was "propietario fabricante de sombreros"<ref> ''El Corresponsal'' 14.12.41, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=9b7c0c01-259c-4fd7-b1aa-f3c193c9a57f&page=4 here]</ref> and in the 1830s also served as ''regidor''.<ref> ''Boletin Oficial de la Provincia de Valladolid'' 08.10.36, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=746535&posicion=4&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> Justo’s father, Mauricio Garrán Román (1827-1898),<ref> ''Justo Pastor Garran Moso'' entry, [in:] ''Geneaordonez'' service, available [https://www.geneaordonez.es/datos/pedigree.php?personID=I118298&tree=MiArbol here]</ref> graduated as engineer; initially posted to [[Tarragona]], he briefly worked as jefe of Obras Públicas in [[Pamplona]] and [[Burgos]], until in the mid-1860s he assumed the same role in [[Barcelona]]. For some 10 years he was heavily involved in development of its harbor infrastructure and until today he is considered one of key people in its history.<ref> compare e.g. ''The Port, the doorway to Barcelona'', [in:] ''DerelicteBarcelona'' service, available [https://derelictebarceloneta.portdebarcelona.cat/en/ here]</ref> In the mid-1880s he moved to [[:es:Ministerio de Ultramar|Ministerio de Ultramar]] and then [[Ministry of Development (Spain)|Ministerio de Fomento]], in the Caminos, Canales y Puertos section;<ref> ''Mauricio Garrán Román'', [in:] ''Real Academia de la Historia'' service, available [https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/21186/mauricio-garran-roman here]</ref> he also published some works on engineering.<ref> he wrote, among minor works, ''Comentario al pliego de condiciones generales aprobado por el Real decreto de 10 de julio de 1861'' (Barcelona 1861), ''Tratado de la formación de los proyectos de carreteras'' (Madrid 1862), ''Memoria elevada a la Dirección General de Obras Públicas por el Ingeniero jefe de 1ª clase D... al cesar en el cargo de Director facultativo de las obras del Puerto de Barcelona'' (Barcelona 1881)</ref>
-During his service in Navarre, Garrán Román married Josefa María Micaela Moso Navarlaz (1831-1921)<ref>''Josefa María Micaela Garrán Román'' entry, [in:] ''MyHeritage'' service, available [https://www.myheritage.es/names/josefa_garr%C3%A1n%20rom%C3%A1n here]</ref> from [[Olite]]. Her ancestors belonged to [[Hidalgo (nobility)|hidalguia]] related to [[Tafalla]]; the Navarlaz owned more land than the Moso.<ref> near Tafalla, Olite, Olleta, Barasoain, and San Martin de Unx</ref> Her father, Juan Moso Villanueva,<ref> ''Josefa Maria Michaela Moso Navarlaz'', [in:] ''Geneaordonez'' service, available [https://www.geneaordonez.es/datos/getperson.php?personID=I78723&tree=MiArbol here]</ref> “tesorero de rentas”,<ref>“Lo califican de ‘profesión’ ‘Tesorero de rentas’, mas evidentemente es un rico propietario con múltiples fincas y corralizas localizables en Olite”, ''Diario de Navarra'' 20.04.1987</ref> acquired prestigious status when following death of her mother he re-married with descendant to [[Francisco Espoz y Mina|Conde de Espoz y Mina]].<ref>following death of his wife María Navarlaz, Juan Moso re-married with Clementa Irure Espoz, the niece of Francisco Espoz y Mina; as the latter died childless she was the one who inherited the family posessions and the liberal heritage. However, during the second marriage Moso lived on estate of his first wife, in Olite, Pascual Tamburri Beriáin, ''Materiales para la reconstrucción del archivo de Francisco Espoz y Mina y sus herederos'', [in:] ''Huarte de San Juan'' 8 (2001), pp. 107-126. One author claims that Garran’s “madre era hermana del conde de Espoz y Mina”, see Pablo Pérez López, ''Católicos, política e información. Diario Regional de Valladolid, 1931-1980'' [PhD thesis Universidad de Valladolid], Valladolid 1992, p. 39; this statement is incorrect</ref> Mauricio Garrán Román and Micaela Moso Navarlaz will have 4 children; apart from Justo also Mauricio, María and Josefa.<ref> ''Mauricio Garran Roman'', [in:] ''Geneaordonez'' service, available [https://www.geneaordonez.es/datos/getperson.php?personID=I118295&tree=MiArbol here]</ref> In line with professional assignments of Mauricio the family soon moved to Barcelona, where the young Justo spent his childhood and adolescence; he obtained [[bachillerato]] in [[Barcelona|Ciudad Condal]], before they moved to [[Madrid]].<ref> ''Recuerdo y homenaje a don Justo Garrán, fundador de Diario Regional'', [in:] ''Diario Regional'' 17.11.56, available [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/en/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=10069938 here]</ref> In the mid-1880s he enrolled in law at [[Universidad Central de Madrid|Universidad Central]] and was an excellent student.<ref> already as a 22-year-old, in 1888 he was allowed to deliver a lecture at Real Academia de Jurisprudencia, ''La Publicidad'' 26.02.88, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=522097e2-93af-4427-8d71-b30d51cd90e0&page=3 here]. He spoke Catalan, French, English, German and Italian, and later subscribed to various newspapers in these languages, Pérez López 1992, p. 39</ref> Garrán Moso graduated in 1891, with his thesis titled ''La división de poderes. El poder moderador''.<ref> ''Garran Moso, Justo'' entry, [in:] ''Portal de Archivos Españoles'' service, available [http://pares.mcu.es/ParesBusquedas20/catalogo/description/1493994 here]</ref> The same year he was admitted to Colegio de Abogados de Madrid.<ref> ''Garran Moso, Justo'' entry, [in:] ''Patrimonio documental del Ilustro Colegio de Abogados de Madrid'', available [https://patrimoniodocumental.icam.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/descargar_imprimir_form.do?path=1012850&posicion=2&destino=..%2Fcatalogo_imagenes%2Fgrupo.do%3Fpath%3D1012850%26amp%3Bpresentacion%3Dpagina%26amp%3Bposicion%3D2%26amp%3Bregistrardownload%3D0 here]</ref> He was initially employed in the law firm of [[Germán Gamazo]]<ref> ''Recuerdo y homenaje a don Justo Garrán, fundador de Diario Regional'', [in:] ''Diario Regional'' 17.11.56, available [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/en/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=10069938 here]</ref> (in some sources "despacho [[Antonio Maura|Maura]]-Gamazo"<ref> Pérez López 1992, p. 39</ref>) before returning to Valladolid to open his own office.<ref>in 1900 he was noted as "abogado y acaudalado propietario de Valladolid", ''El Eco de Navarra'' 04.09.00, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=6008021&posicion=2&presentacion=pagina here]</ref>
-[[File:Mauricio Garran Moso.jpg|thumb|160px|son Mauricio]]
-In 1900<ref> ''La Epoca'' 08.10.00, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=e227d468-a382-4d9c-8ad9-b8b3ce187bb6&page=2 here]</ref> Justo Garrán married a [[Pamplona|Pamplonesa]], Catalina Moso Subiza (1870<ref> ''Catalina Moso Subiza'' entry, [in:] ''Geni'' service, available [https://www.geni.com/people/Catalina-Moso-Subiza/6000000019227529178 here]</ref>-1925<ref> ''Garrán Moso, Justo'' entry, [in:] ''Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia'' service, available [https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/eu/garran-moso-justo/ar-61843/ here]</ref>). Both were fairly closely related as they had the same grandfather, Juan Moso Villanueva; Justo was his descendant from the first marriage, and Catalina from the second one.<ref> Justo’s mother, Josefa Maria Moso Navarlaz, was daughter to Juan Moso Villanueva and his first wife, Maria Navarlaz Navarro. Catalina’s father, Juan Moso Irure, II. Conde de Espoz y Mina, was son to Juan Moso Villanueva and his second wife, Clementa Irure Espoz</ref> Her father, II. Conde de Espoz y Mina, was a prestigious Navarrese aristocrat and served as diputado foral in the mid-1870s.<ref> Ángel García-Sanz Marcotegui, ''Políticos-empresarios liberales y compañías en la explotación del bosque del Irati (Navarra) a mediados del siglo XIX'', [in:] ''Príncipe de Viana'' 65/232 (2004), p. 557</ref> The couple settled in Valladolid, where Justo practiced and owned urban real estates, inherited from his father, though from his maternal ancestors he inherited also some rural estate in [[Olite]]. Justo and Catalina had 3 children, born between 1901 and 1912<ref> ''Justo Pastor Román Garrán Moso'' entry, [in:] ''Geni'' service, available [https://www.geni.com/people/Justo-Pastor-Rom%C3%A1n-Garr%C3%A1n-Moso/6000000019227347802 here]</ref>: Mauricio, María and José Garrán Moso.<ref> ''Libertad'' 29.08.42, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=272824&posicion=2&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> Both sons engaged in Carlism and served as [[Requeté|requetés]] during the civil war.<ref>for Jose see Maria Larraza Micheltorena, ''Alcaldes de Pamplona durante el franquismo: Un retrato de conjunto'', [in:] ''Memoria y civilizacion'' 15 (2012), p. 235. For Mauricio (died in 1945) see Javier Ugarte Tellería, ''La nueva Covadonga insurgente: orígenes sociales y culturales de la sublevación de 1936 en Navarra y el País Vasco'', Madrid 1998, ISBN 9788470305313, p. 476</ref> José became a well-known Navarrese politician of early Francoism; he served as [[alcalde]] of Pamplona (1940-1941) and [[FET y de las JONS|FET]] leader<ref> ''Libertad'' 12.09.42, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=272836&presentacion=pagina&posicion=4 here]</ref> and civil governor of [[Biscay]] (1941-1942).<ref> ''Libertad'' 05.09.42, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=272830&posicion=3&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> None of Justo’s grandchildren from Garrán Arraiza, Huarte Garrán and Garrán Sagarra families became a public figure.
-==Early public engagements (until 1919)==
-[[File:Fundación Joaquín Díaz - Bulevard de la acera (plaza Mayor, acera San Francisco) - Valladolid.jpg|thumb|left|[[Valladolid]], turn of the centuries]]
-Garrán’s ascendants were associated with [[Liberalism and radicalism in Spain|Liberalism]]. His paternal grandfather commanded liberal militia during the [[First Carlist War]],<ref>''El Correo Nacional'' 23.04.38, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=a7fd3cd8-2138-4941-88aa-99f9e0f41210&page=2 here]</ref> while his father was “un [[Alfonsism|alfonsino]] declarado”;<ref> Pérez López 1992, p. 39</ref> his maternal grandfather was related to the iconic liberal Espoz y Mina family.<ref>his maternal granmother’s family were probably Carlists; a Martín Antonio Navarlaz from Berasoain fought in legitimist ranks during the First Carlist War, Ángel García-Sanz Marcotegui, Javier Ruiz Astiz, ''Militares carlistas navarros (1833-1849)'', Pamplona 2017, ISBN 9788497693226, p. 405</ref> However, the young Justo did not follow suit. Already during his academic period he co-signed letters which protested alleged anti-religious governmental policy and were published in the Integrist (1885)<ref> ''[[El Siglo Futuro]]'' 01.04.85, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=81bb33f8-2616-4fbf-978e-ea98a608db09 here]</ref> or Catholic (1888)<ref> ''La Unión Católica'' 16.11.88, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=96a4af44-16b8-4792-874d-612f08a12125&page=2 here]</ref> papers. Following death of his father, Garrán burnt his liberal books.<ref> Pérez López 1992, p. 39</ref> In the 1890s he engaged in local Catholic organisations and emerged as their prominent member; in 1901 in name of Unión de Católicos de Valladolid he was signing various declarations.<ref> ''El Diario Catalan'' 28.07.01, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=619b605a-384f-411e-9cf6-4f5a624fa438&page=2 here]</ref> In the [[1903 Spanish general election|1903 elections]] he ran for the Cortes<ref> ''El Universo'' 27.03.03, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=9b80d24c-3b63-48c2-818b-de63c4045955&page=2 here]</ref> as the candidate of Unión de Católicos; he lost.<ref> ''Boletín Oficial de la Provincia de Valladolid'' 29.04.03, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=770879&presentacion=pagina&posicion=1 here]</ref> [[1905 Spanish general election|In 1905]] an Integrist newspaper claimed he would run again, this time as a Carlist candidate;<ref> ''La Epoca'' 19.07.05, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=e6001b8e-1000-440d-bb15-f731d4184383 here]</ref> it is not clear whether he lost or withdrew.
-In the early 1900s Garrán engaged in a local daily flavored with Integrism, ''El Porvenir''; at least since 1905 he was member of its “sociedad editora”<ref> ''Recuerdo y homenaje a don Justo Garrán, fundador de Diario Regional'', [in:] ''Diario Regional'' 17.11.56, available [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/en/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=10069938 here]</ref> and at least since 1906 he was its director.<ref> ''Boletin de la Sociedad Catalana de Excursiones'' 37 (1906), available [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=10110825&posicion=27&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> However, due to unspecified conflict within board he stepped down in 1907.<ref> ''El Diario de Avila'' 01.03.07, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=646937&posicion=3&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> In 1908 and with his own money he set up a new daily, ''Diario Regional''.<ref> Santiago Revilla Ramos, ''Identidad política de El Norte de Castilla y Diario Regional a través de la problemática internacional de los primeros años 20 (1920-1923)'', [in:] José Manuel Aldea Celada, Paula Ortega Martínez, Iván Pérez Miranda, Mª de los Reyes de Soto García (eds.), ''Historia, identidad y alteridad. Actas del III Congreso Interdisciplinar de Jóvenes Historiadores'', Salamanca 2012, ISBN 9788494021435, p. 577</ref> It adhered to intransigent Catholic line and formed part of so-called “buena prensa”; according to contemporary scholar it advanced clericalism.<ref> Revilla Ramos 2012, p. 577</ref> ''Diario'' soon became a popular Valladolid newspaper; with the circulation of 5,000 it was second only to its main competitor, ''[[El Norte de Castilla]]'', owned by a liberal political [[Santiago Alba y Bonifaz|Santiago Alba]].<ref> both periodicals were distributed across all Castile, ''Diario'' mostly by subscription, ''Norte'' by street sales and post. ''Diario'' over time grew from 4 to 6 pages, Revilla Ramos 2012, pp. 578-579</ref> Garrán did not manage his newspaper on the commercial basis; he envisaged it as part of a religious mission,<ref> and “instrumento para formar la corriente de opinión católica vallisoletana”, Revilla Ramos 2012, p. 577</ref> carefully vetted adverts in terms of morality and covered periodic debts with his own money.<ref> Pérez López 1992, p. 56</ref> It is not clear whether ''Diario'' supported any specific political current. Apparently some readers associated it with Traditionalism; in 1910 the Carlist jefé regional thought it necessary to declare ''Diario Regional'' an “enemigo nuestro”, called all Carlists to stop reading it and Carlist newspapers to stop reprinting its articles.<ref> ''El Correo Español'' 08.04.10, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=babddbb5-bffa-4245-958c-9e923d39d602 here]</ref>
-[[File:Fundación Joaquín Díaz - Colegio de Santa Cruz - Valladolid (1).jpg|thumb|[[University of Valladolid]]]]
-Having turned 40 Garrán was already a local prestigious ''vallisoletano'' figure. Since 1900 he was related to the local [[University of Valladolid|Universidad Literaria de Valladolid]], first in Claustro de Doctores<ref> ''Boletín Oficial de la Provincia de Valladolid'' 10.01.10, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=769896&posicion=4&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> but in 1914 he was nominated ''catedrático numerario de derecho mercantil''.<ref> ''Revista general de enseñanza y bellas artes'' 15.05.14, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=c8de3543-bece-4253-962e-80e48c8e6726&page=7 here]</ref> He was in executive of numerous charity initiatives (like Patronado de Niños Desamparados de Valladolid),<ref> ''Memoria. Patronato de Niños Desamparados'', Valladolid, available [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1003640&posicion=10&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> lay Catholic organisations (he served as secretary of Apostolado de Oración in Valladolid)<ref> ''El Siglo Futuro'' 28.10.05, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=11105ef1-645a-4d94-aa05-ae9587926309 here]</ref> and other associations (e.g. he remained active in the local branch of Liga Anti-duelista).<ref> ''El Lábaro'' 23.05.05, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=5038558&posicion=3&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> As owner of numerous plots in the city,<ref>Garrán was mentioned in the press as owner of numerous plots or estates, e.g. Calle Duque de la Victoria, see ''Boletín Oficial de la Provincia de Valladolid'' 22.04.08, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=772364&posicion=3&presentacion=pagina here], at Calle Maria de la Molina, see ''Boletín Oficial de la Provincia de Valladolid'' 23.05.10, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=773000&posicion=3&presentacion=pagina here], at Calle de Gamazo, see ''Boletín Oficial de la Provincia de Valladolid'' 08.05.15, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=693307&posicion=4&presentacion=pagina here], at Calle San Juan de Díos, see ''Boletín Oficial de la Provincia de Valladolid'' 02.01.19, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=693827&posicion=2&presentacion=pagina here], or at Calle de Santiago, which led to conflict over expropriation related to construction of access road, leading to Academia de Caballería, see ''Boletín Oficial de la Provincia de Valladolid'' 28.11.24, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=776167&posicion=1&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> since 1907 he served also as vicepresidente of Asociación de Propietarios de Fincas Urbanas;<ref> ''Boletín Oficial de la Provincia de Valladolid'' 23.09.07, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=772188&posicion=2&presentacion=pagina here]. Garran and his wife financed the construction of new Jesuit monastery at Calle Ruiz Hernandez, next to the church. It is not clear whether he also donated the plot, see Revuelta González 1991, p. 866</ref> in 1915 he entered the board of [[:es:Banco Castellano|Banco Castellano]].<ref> ''Revista general de enseñanza y bellas artes'' 15.05.14, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=c8de3543-bece-4253-962e-80e48c8e6726&page=7 here]</ref> In the early 1910s he co-founded and animated the local branch of Acción Social Popular,<ref> ''Correo de Mallorca'' 31.08.11, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=213631&posicion=1&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> though it was only in 1916 that he entered its Junta directiva.<ref> ''Revista católica de cuestiones sociales'' 6 (1919), available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=67d3f4e5-cc84-44eb-b1c8-4ba319f86c24&page=48 here]</ref> In 1918 he purchased ''El Porvenir''<ref> ''La Acción'' 02.02.18, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=45019b9d-ee5e-44ca-a5ed-54359be09c33&page=3 here]</ref> and merged it with ''Diario Regional''.<ref> ''Recuerdo y homenaje a don Justo Garrán, fundador de Diario Regional'', [in:] ''Diario Regional'' 17.11.56, available [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/en/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=10069938 here]</ref>
-==Cortes deputy (1919-1923)==
-[[File:Congreso de los Diputados, 1910s.jpg|thumb|left|[[Congress of Deputies]], 1910s]]
-During the [[1919 Spanish general election|1919 general elections]] Garrán fielded his candidature for [[Congress of Deputies]], yet he was not formally associated with any political grouping. Some papers referred to him as to a “maurista”,<ref> ''La Epoca'' 19.05.19, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=d8048409-ddab-49b7-96dc-cda24f5ae26d&page=2 here]</ref> member of a splinter right-wing faction of the decomposing Conservative Party, led by [[Antonio Maura]]. Others presented him as a candidate “de Acción Social Católica”.<ref> ''El Día'' 02.06.19, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=99a7bfa6-b4db-4bc3-bff9-0294c7f1868e&page=3 here]</ref> However, he was most frequently presented as “católico independiente”<ref> see Garrán’s 1919 ticket at the official Cortes service, available [https://www.congreso.es/es/historico-diputados?p_p_id=historicodiputados&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_historicodiputados_mvcRenderCommandName=mostrarDetalle&_historicodiputados_nume=50392 here]</ref> or simply as a Catholic politician.<ref> ''El Día'' 24.05.19, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=53e58b2b-34df-4127-94a6-85863c8e0736&page=3 here]</ref> Garrán fared far worse than the maurista candidate Julio Pimentel and the liberal one Santiago Alba, but he narrowly managed to defeat another liberal competitor, Antonio Royo Villanova;<ref> ''El Castellano'' 03.06.19, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=193787&posicion=2&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> he gathered 8.907 votes out of 22.491 votes in total.<ref> see the official Cortes service, available [https://www.congreso.es/es/historico-diputados?p_p_id=historicodiputados&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_historicodiputados_mvcRenderCommandName=mostrarDetalle&_historicodiputados_nume=50392 here]</ref> His tenure lasted slightly longer than a year, as the chamber was dissolved in 1920. During this period he barely made himself known, not a single time mentioned in the press.<ref> he was rather noted for his extra-parliamentarian lobbying, in 1920 related to irrigation works in Castile, ''Boletin del Instituto de Radiactividad'' 1920, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=470acdda-24bd-4c63-b070-b923410b9b49&page=38 here]</ref>
-Prior to the [[1920 Spanish general election|1920 elections]] Garrán was expected to renew his bid from Valladolid,<ref> ''El Universo'' 30.10.20, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=42347a5a-4c71-43f1-8ff5-fa0b2d712697&page=2 here]</ref> though according to some titles as “católico regionalista” he would rather run for the [[Senate of Spain|senate]].<ref>''La Epoca'' 31.12.20, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=dc2f41eb-5973-4428-ba71-0accbfa7d64e&page=3 here], ''Ejercito y Armada'' 01.01.21, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=451520&posicion=5&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> Eventually he did not compete for the lower chamber, while it is not clear whether he took part in behind-the-scenes negotiations about the upper one. In the early 1920s he engaged in various initiatives calibrated as efforts to defuse social conflict by means of Christian teaching. He lectured in Casa Social Católica,<ref> ''El Debate'' 21.01.18, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=2279405&posicion=4&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> spoke at “mitin social popular”,<ref> ''El Mundo'' 05.03.20, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=482f0ab1-67fe-4e0f-90d8-461e6ef1f58d&page=5 here]</ref> delivered address at the rally of [[:es:Asociación Católica de Propagandistas|ACNDP]] in Madrid.<ref> ''La Epoca'' 03.03.20, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=f8fa0ea1-840a-4ff2-998b-e2bffb2a4843 here]</ref> In 1922 he was among co-founders of [[:es:Partido Social Popular|Partido Social Popular]],<ref> Pérez López 1992, p. 82</ref> yet he did not assume any formal role in the party. However, according to some scholars in the early 1920s he rather moved from nascent [[Christian democracy|Christian Democratic]] format to ''[[Corporatism|corporativismo]]''.<ref> Pérez López 1992, p. 83</ref> In 1923 he published<ref> as "profesor de la Real de Jurisprudencia y Legislación de Madrid"</ref> ''Apuntes histórico críticos sobre las regalías de la corona'',<ref> Justo Garrán y Moso, ''Apuntes histórico críticos sobre las regalías de la corona'', Madrid 1923</ref> a treaty on relations between the state and the Church;<ref> the work available online at Biblioteca Digital Hispanica service [https://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000269397&page=1 here]</ref> the message was that the [[Concordat of 1851|1851 concordat]] was outdated and a new one was needed.<ref> ''Revista Mariana'' 12 (1923), available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=5015169&posicion=10&presentacion=pagina here]</ref>
-[[File:Old Tafalla.jpg|thumb|[[Tafalla]], 1920s]]
-In the [[1923 Spanish general election|last general elections held during the restoration era]], in 1923, Garrán again appeared as “católico independente”,<ref> ''El Año Político'' 1923, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=7691005a-d570-4267-a54f-103e8af178cb&page=134 here]</ref> though some thought him "afín a mauristas".<ref> Angel García-Sanz Marcotegui, ''Elites económicas y políticas en la Restauración. La diversidad de las derechas navarras'', [in:] ''Historia Contemporánea'' 23 (2001), p. 616</ref> This time he decided to compete not in Valladolid, but in the Navarrese Tafalla, the electoral district which included his native Olite.<ref>until then his only identified link with Olite and Tafalla, apart from personal relations and inheritance of maternal landholdings, was his co-ownership of La Electra Tafalla-Olite, a small power-generation company based on a hydro-installation on the Arga river in Andión, near [[Mendigorría]]. However, in the early 1920s the installation has been sold and it is not clear whether Garrán retained either shares or influence in the business, José María Jimeno Juro, ''Sociedad de Corralizas y Electra de Artajona. De la vida tradicional a la industrial'', [in:] ''Gerónimo de Uztariz'' 16 (2000), p. 146</ref> His candidature was floated by the local Integrist politician [[José Sánchez Marco]], and got endorsed by the Integrists.<ref> Fernando Mikelarena Peña, ''Las posturas de la derecha tradicionalista y conservadora Navarra entre 1929 y 1940 en relación con la reintegración foral'', [in:] ''Historia Constitucional'' 22 (2021), p. 415</ref> He ran under the "Dios, Patria y Fueros" motto<ref>please note that "Dios, Patria y Fueros" was close to, yet significantly distinct from the Carlist "Dios, Patria, Fueros, Rey". Though Garran systematically diplayed attachment to religious (Dios), patriotic (Patria) and foralist (Fueros) values, not a single case of him endorsing the Carlist dynastic claim has been identified</ref> and declared himself defender of Navarrese [[Fuero|foralism]]. Initially he was pitted against a Carlist, Esteban Martínez-Velez;<ref> ''Garrán Moso, Justo'' entry, [in:] ''Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia'' service, available [https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/eu/garran-moso-justo/ar-61843/ here]</ref> eventually the latter admitted that Garrán was “natural del país” and “católico-fuerista”, and withdrew in his favor. Also the conservative [[Eduardo Dato|datista]] candidate Conde del Vado withdrew in favor of Garran.<ref> Jesus M. Fuente Langas, ''Los procesos electorales de 1923 en Navarra'', [in:] ''Príncipe de Viana'' 15 (1993), p. 450</ref> Eventually he competed against a liberal ''[[Manuel García Prieto, Marquis of Alhucemas|garciaprietista]]'' candidate Pedro Arza Uriz and emerged decisively victorious,<ref> he got 5594 votes versus 3525 votes of Arza, Fuente Langas 1993, p. 450</ref> having gathered 5.800 votes.<ref> see his 1923 ticket at the official Cortes service, available [https://www.congreso.es/es/historico-diputados?p_p_id=historicodiputados&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_historicodiputados_mvcRenderCommandName=mostrarDetalle&_historicodiputados_nume=52274 here]</ref> This time his tenure in the Cortes was even shorter; he took the oath in May, but already in September the [[1923 Spanish coup d'état|Primo de Rivera coup]] terminated the period of liberal democracy, resulting in dissolution of the parliament.
-==''Primoderiverista'' (1923-1931)==
-[[File:Diario Regional (Valladolid), 1923.jpg|thumb|160px|left|''[[:es:Diario Regional|Diario Regional]]'' (1923)]]
-Garrán with no reservations voiced in support of the [[Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera|dictatorship]]. In 1924 he was among co-founders of the Valladolid branch of [[Patriotic Union (Spain)|Unión Patriótica]] (UP), the primoderiverista quasi-party.<ref> Pérez López 1992, p. 41. According to other authors, he was merely among the first ones who joined the party, Guillermo A. Pérez Sánchez, Pablo Pérez López, Ricardo M. Martin de la Guardia, Juan A. Cano García, ''Parlamentarios vallisoletanos en la segunda Restauración (1901-1923)'', [in:] ''Investigaciones históricas: Época moderna y contemporánea'' 15 (1995), p. 86</ref> He took part in numerous local propaganda rallies which backed the Directorio, and as owner of ''Diario Regional'' he unequivocally promoted the new regime.<ref> ''La Correspondencia Militar'' 27.06.24, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=140233ed-a1ec-464b-861e-da9eb6c139e5&page=3 here]</ref> However, since he kept running the newspaper as part of an apostolic pursuit, it was generating increasing losses that Garrán found more and more difficult to absorb. Eventually, following 18 years he withdrew from the project. In 1926 (some sources claim that in 1927<ref> Revilla Ramos 2012, p. 581</ref>) he sold the business to a newly set company, Diario Regional S.A.; its ownership was vastly dispersed among numerous members of local bourgeoisie; he retained the largest share of 4,8%.<ref> Pérez López 1992, p. 61</ref>
-In the mid-1920s Garrán renewed his relations with Navarre. In 1924 he published an article<ref> in ''Diario de Navarra''</ref> which advocated a Navarrese UP policy as not only maintenance of separate local establishments, but also restoration of the lost ones and creating new bodies; he called for a corporative regional parliament named Junta General del Reino. Present-day scholar considers the project “en la órbita del foralismo tradicionalista” and notes that it surely must have clashed with centralizing vision of the Directorio, which led to conflicts between Madrid and Pamplona over the new Estatuto Municipal and so-called ''cupo''.<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 416</ref> However, this did not lead to deterioration of Garrán's position within the regime structures. The Navarrese UP branch launched his candidature for Diputación Foral, the local self-government, at the time its members appointed by the Ministry of Interior. He received support from 28 local [[Ayuntamiento (Spain)|ayuntamientos]]<ref> ''Garrán Moso, Justo'' entry, [in:] ''Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia'' service, available [https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/eu/garran-moso-justo/ar-61843/ here]</ref> and in 1928 he was nominated as representative of the Tafalla [[merindad]].<ref> Idoia Estornés Zubizarreta, ''La contrucción de una nacionalidad vasca. El Autonomismo de Eusko-Ikaskuntza (1918-1931)'', Donostia 1990, p. 193</ref> His first step in the office was wiring the message of support to [[Miguel Primo de Rivera|Primo]].<ref> ''Garrán Moso, Justo'' entry, [in:] ''Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia'' service, available [https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/eu/garran-moso-justo/ar-61843/ here]</ref> The same year the Diputación delegated him to Asamblea Nacional Consultiva, the quasi-parliament set by the regime.<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 415</ref>
-[[File:La Conciliacion, Pamplona 1931.jpg|thumb|Garrán in La Conciliación, 1931<ref>according to the original capture, Garrán is standing second from left. However, the man in question appears to be in his 40s or 50s, while Garrán at the time was in his mid-60s. Perhaps he is the man sitting second from left</ref>]]
-Though he continued with Valladolid-related roles in Asociación de Propietarios de Fincas Urbanas and Banco Castellano,<ref> ''El Financiero'' 08.03.29, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=d44dddd6-b50d-4f15-91e3-7e12726ae78c&page=14 here]</ref> in the late 1920s Garrán got increasingly engaged also in the Navarrese business. In 1929 he ascended to presidency of [[:es:Federación Agro-Social de Navarra|Federación Católico-Social de Navarra]] (FCSN),<ref> ''La Rioja'' 01.10.29, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=364045&posicion=4&presentacion=pagina here]. His predecessors were Luis Elio (1910-1912), Gabriel Zabaleta (1912-1916), Esteban Dean (1916-1924), and Javier Martínez de Morentín (1924-1929), most of them Carlists or related to Carlism, Javier María Pejenaute Goñi, ''Desarollo del cooperativismo agrario navarro desde le Federación a la Confederación (1910-1917)'', [in:] ''Principe de Viana'' 50/188 (1989), p. 679</ref> a powerful regional agricultural organisation, controlled by mid-size and large ''[[landholder|terratenientes]]''; it grouped 99 Sindicatos Agrícolas or Cajas Rurales and had 13,291 members.<ref> Emilio Majuelo Gil, Ángel Pascual Bonis, ''Del catolicismo agrario al cooperativismo empresarial: setenta y cinco años de la Federación de Cooperativas navarras, 1910-1985'', Pamplona 1991, ISBN 8474798949, p. 186</ref> He also lobbied for setup of a landholders’ organization, which would materialize in early 1931 as Asociación de Propietarios Terratenientes de Navarra,<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 415, ''Garrán Moso, Justo'' entry, [in:] ''Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia'' service, available [https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/eu/garran-moso-justo/ar-61843/ here]</ref> and entered the executive of Sociedad de Socorros Mutuos "La Conciliación".<ref> also León Sanz 2015, p. 422. "La Conciliación" was intended as an organisation grouping both employers and employees, and was supposed to provide a platform for sorting out labor conflicts. However, in the early 1930s "ya habia perdido su capacidad arbitral y funcionaba como una sociedad de socorros mutuos", Javier Dronda Martínez, ''Con Cristo o contra Cristo. Religión y movilización antirepublicana en Navarra (1931-1936)'', Tafalla 2013, ISBN 9788415313311, pp. 160-161</ref> [[Fall of the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera|The fall of Primo]] marked a turn for the worse; in 1930 he lost the seat both in Diputación<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 415</ref> and in Asamblea;<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, pp. 415-416</ref> local press criticised Garrán for his support for the dictatorship.<ref> the case of ''La Voz de Navarra'', see ''Garrán Moso, Justo'' entry, [in:] ''Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia'' service, available [https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/eu/garran-moso-justo/ar-61843/ here]</ref> His presidency in FCSN expired either in 1930<ref> replaced by [[Esteban Ezcurra Arraiza|Esteban Ezcurra]], Emilio Majuelo Gil, Ángel Pascual Bonis, ''Del catolicismo agrario al cooperativismo empresarial: setenta y cinco años de la Federación de Cooperativas navarras, 1910-1985'', Madrid 1991, ISBN 8474798949, pp. 474-475</ref> or in 1931.<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 415</ref> In anticipation of forthcoming general elections, in February 1931 he was listed as one of prospective Pamplonese candidates (as “católico independiente”) to the Cortes.<ref>''Ahora'' 13.02.31, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=10a65cb2-69b0-409c-aa22-e65245e9c5c5&page=7 here]</ref>
-==Carlist (1931-1936)==
-[[File:Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg|thumbnail|left|Carlist standard]]
-In the newly established [[Second Spanish Republic|Second Republic]] initially Garrán was busy engaged against the secular governmental policy. In 1931 he signed numerous protest letters, either on his own behalf – e.g. in relation to would-be expulsion of religious orders,<ref> ''La Correspondencia Militar'' 03.06.21, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=7efdea9c-e2d3-4f71-b011-2283ebf73bd7&page=2 here], also ''El Siglo Futuro'' 09.09.31, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=5d71ef1a-66ba-43c1-958f-36eb62e5b71f&page=2 here]</ref> or in name of La Conciliación;<ref> Estornés Zubizarreta 1990, p. 448</ref> the same year he joined Asociación Defensora de Religiosos Vasco-Navarros.<ref> ''La Voz de Navarra'' 27.09.31, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=455329&posicion=1&presentacion=pagina here], also Dronda Martínez 2013, p. 143</ref> At the time a [[Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country of 1936|plan for a Basque-Navarrese autonomous region]] was widely discussed. Its first version was drafted by [[Basque Studies Society|Socieded de Estudios Vascos]], the organisation where he hold membership;<ref> Idioia Estornés Zubizarreta, ''La Sociedad de Estudios Vascos. Aportación de Eusko Ikaskuntza a la Cultura Vasca'', Donostia 1983, ISBN 848624000X, p. 60</ref> Garrán supported it and its modified version, named "Estatuto de [[Estella-Lizarra|Estella]]".<ref> Estornés Zubizarreta 1990, p. 423</ref> However, once the statute has been rejected by the republican Cortes and appointed comisiones gestoras came out with a new draft, he firmly spoke against it; in his view this "estatuto nacionalista"<ref> ''La Nacion'' 25.10.32, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=1683bd53-22d9-4306-b3a9-6f0e420f6b1d&page=4 here]</ref> promoted separatism and stripped the would-be autonomy of defensive measures versus the Madrid-advanced secularization;<ref>“Garrán apoyó el Estatuto Vasco-Navarro en sus versiones de Estella o de las Gestoras enmendado para conformar un espacio autónomo católico .... El mismo 19 de junio de 1932, día de la Asamblea de representantes municipales en la que se iba a debatir, se posicionó radicalemente en contra del Estatuto vasconavarro”, Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 416</ref> in 1932 Navarre opted out of the scheme.
-In the early 1930s Garrán neared Carlism. In May 1932 he took part in a Valladolid meeting, which formally set up a regional branch of the united Carlist organisation, [[Traditionalist Communion|Comunión Tradicionalista]].<ref> Pérez López 1992, p. 156</ref> Later he presided over Carlist rallies in the city, e.g. in the local theatre<ref> ''El Castellano'' 27.02.33, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=197201&posicion=4&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> or opening new premises.<ref> ''El Siglo Futuro'' 19.03.34, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=92fdc843-7b7d-4a85-b668-cd1bd74c2a43&page=2 here]</ref> In 1933 he entered Consejo de Administración of Editorial Tradicionalista S.A., the Carlist publishing house.<ref> ''El Siglo Futuro'' 12.12.33, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=171d0240-6e6d-417d-bc49-e329bc1d1c77 here]</ref> The same year Junta Regional Tradicionalista de Pamplona nominated him as candidate to Tribunal de Garantías Constitucionales,<ref> ''La Nacion'' 28.08.33, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=91d2c019-e68f-440f-9204-f4a2d6bb7553&page=15 here]</ref> where he was elected from Navarre.<ref> together with [[Víctor Pradera Larumbe|Pradera]] they outclassed other candidates, ''Garrán Moso, Justo'' entry, [in:] ''Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia'' service, available [https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/eu/garran-moso-justo/ar-61843/ here]. Pradera was elected as ''vocal'', and Garran as ''suplente'', Dronda Martinez 2013, p. 355. Garrán did not play any meaningful role in the Tribunal. In November 1933 as vocal suplementario he was to inspect together with Pradera 2 cases related to Navarre, but he is not listed as the author of pronouncement in any of these questions. His only intervention is not related to constitutonal questions; in September 1935 he objected to spending 215,000 pesetas on renovation of the Tribunal building, since it was not the property of the Tribunal. In the volume, which documents proceedings of the Tribunal, Garrán is mentioned 4 times (as “D. Justo Garrán Monos”); in comparison, another member elected from Navarre, Pradera, is mentioned 463 times, see José Urosa Sánchez, Enrique San Miguel Pérez, Ignacio Ruiz Rodríguez, Francisco Marhuenda García (eds.), ''El Tribunal de Garantías Constitucionales de la II República. Colección Documental'', Madrid 1999, ISBN 8445117149, pp. 71, 76, 79, 398</ref> In 1934 he gave lectures on Carlist doctrine, printed in the party newspaper ''El Pensamiento Navarro'',<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 415</ref> served as ''presidente honorario '' of Centro Tradicionalista in Valladolid,<ref> ''El Siglo Futuro'' 22.05.34, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=dc5992f4-5aed-4900-b57b-646d3e2ee752&page=2 here]</ref> and took part in a broadly-designed scheme of Traditionalist lectures across the country; he was assigned to a section dedicated to “orientación general”.<ref> with [[Tomás Domínguez Arévalo|Rodezno]], [[Esteban de Bilbao Eguía|Bilbao]], [[Luis Hernando de Larramendi y Ruiz|Larramendi]], [[Rafael Díaz Aguado Salaberry|Diaz Aguado]], [[Jesús Requejo San Román|Requejo]], and [[Maurici de Sivatte i de Bobadilla|Sivatte]], ''El Siglo Futuro'' 29.11.34, available [https://hemerotecadigital.bne.es/hd/es/viewer?id=b7b415ae-d8a7-4080-bce8-5facab58676b here]</ref> However, according to some scholars he merely “se integró informalmente en el tradicionalismo”;<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 415</ref> some maintain that Garrán “no se declaró nunca carlista”,<ref> Pérez López 1992, p. 41</ref> and some list him either among the Integrists<ref> Estornés Zubizarreta 1990, p. 478</ref> or as part of generic right.<ref> like José Felix de Lequerica or Rafael Aizpún, Estornés Zubizarreta 1983, p. 60; one scholar counted him among "los principales dirigentes del catolicismo social navarro", Dronda Martinez 2013, p. 240</ref>
-[[File:Olite 1935.jpg|thumb|opening of Garrán-funded school in [[Olite]], 1935 (he is marked with X)<ref>the school in question was Escuela de San Francisco; it formed part of the Escuelas Católicas network, developed thanks to lenient application of republican secularization laws by centre-right governments in 1934-1935. In one version the school was built “con la ayuda de Justo Garrán”, Carmen Jusué Simonena, Francisco Javier Corcín Ortigosa, ''Encuesta etnográfica de Olite (Navarra). Datos geográficos. Culturización'', [in:] María Amor Beguiristain Gúrpide (ed.), ''Contribución al atlas etnográfico de Vasconia: investigaciones en Alava y Navarra'', Donostia 1990, ISBN 8487471013, p. 546. Another source claims that the school was set up “en un edificio cedido por Justo Garrán”, ''Nuestro centro y historia'', [in:] CPEIP Príncipe de Viana service, available
-[https://cpolite.educacion.navarra.es/web1/historia-del-centro/ here]. The school closed in 1950.</ref>]]
-In 1935<ref> according to some sources the book, or its previous version, was published in 1930 by Editorial Guipuzcoana, see [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/en/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=10069938 here]</ref> Garrán published in Pamplona<ref>in Editorial Aramburu</ref> a 300-page work, titled ''El Sistema Foral de Navarra y Provincias Vascongadas''.<ref>available online on BiNaDi [https://binadi.navarra.es/opac/ficha.php?informatico=00013483MO&codopac=OPBIN&idpag=1793355146&presenta=digitaly2p here]. Its first version was his address at a conference of 1932, ''Recuerdo y homenaje a don Justo Garrán, fundador de Diario Regional'', [in:] ''Diario Regional'' 17.11.56, available [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/en/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=10069938 here]; the online version available at Biblioteca Navarra Digital [https://binadi.navarra.es/opac/ficha.php?informatico=00008683MO&codopac=OPBIN&idpag=1780567048&presenta=digitaly2p here]</ref> It was a historiographic and juridical treaty on separate Basque-Navarrese legal establishments. Tailored as a response to [[Basque nationalism|Basque nationalist]] designs,<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 417</ref> stained by “los principios radicales y marxistas”,<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 418</ref> it advanced the vision of two separate paths. In case of [[Spanish names of the Basque Country|Vasconia]], Garrán advocated Junta General and Diputacion Foral for every province and the regional Consejo Vascongado, with sort of auxiliary role and minor legislative powers; the proposal was entirely incompatible with the project of Basque autonomy, at the time processed by the parliament. In case of Navarre, Garrán recommended re-establishment of Consejo Foral Administrativo as the regional executive. By scholars the scheme is described as “en la órbita del tradicionalismo”.<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 415</ref> The author called all Basques and Carlists to co-operate to bring the scheme to life.<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 417</ref> The work barely made an impact; though noticed in Navarrese papers, it was ignored among the Basque nationalists and the Madrid legislators.
-==Last years (1936 and afterwards)==
-[[File:Sofizmas y Razones.jpg|thumb|160px|left|''Sofizmas y Razones'']]
-During the [[Spanish coup of July 1936|July Coup]] Garrán resided in Valladolid, the city easily seized by the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|rebels]]. According to his daughter, during the mayhem that followed he sheltered numerous left-wingers in his house.<ref> Pérez López 1992, pp. 41-42, 207</ref> In August 1936 Junta Central Carlista de Guerra de Navarre, the regional wartime Carlist executive, nominated him to Comisión para la Reintegración Foral.<ref> Mikelarena Peña 2021, p. 416</ref> The task of this body was to work out the scheme of Basque-Navarrese status in the new Spain, yet there is no further information either on its works or on Garrán’s role. In February 1937 [[Fidel Dávila Arrondo|general Dávila]] nominated him president of Tribunal Tutelar de Menores de Pamplona,<ref> ''Boletin Oficial de la Provincia de Caceres'' 04.02.37, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1000038572&posicion=2&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> a Navarrese corrective institution for minors; he would hold this position until death.<ref> ''Libertad'' 29.08.42, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=272824&posicion=2&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> In August 1937 a “Justo Garrán y Moso” was officially listed as [[:es:Alférez provisional|alférez provisional]].<ref> to be moved from 7. Cuerpo de Ejército to Regimiento de Caballería Farnesio 10., ''BOE'' 302, 18.08.37, p. 2918. It is not clear whether the 70-year-old was assigned a honorary rank or the person in question was someone else, e.g. one of his relatives, though no other “Justo Garrán y Moso” has been identified</ref> There is no further information on his public activities, either in politics or in business, except few isolated press notes on his taking part in Carlism-flavored cultural events.<ref> e.g. in December 1937 in Vitoria, ''Pensamiento Alaves'' 14.12.37, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=1000033551&posicion=1&presentacion=pagina here]</ref>
-In 1939 Garrán published book, ''Sofismas y Razones. Del ateísmo legal a la restauración católica''.<ref>available online on Biblioteca Digital de Castilla y Leon service, available [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=10634343&posicion=1&presentacion=pagina here]</ref> The 280-page pamphlet, approved by ecclesiastic censhorship, was continuation of his 1923 work, ''Apuntes histórico críticos sobre las regalías de la corona'', though this time the author focused mostly on culture and education in relations between the state and the Church. Formally fully aligned with propaganda of the emerging Francoist regime, the book contained numerous references to “glorioso Movimiento Nacional”<ref> ''Recuerdo y homenaje a don Justo Garrán, fundador de Diario Regional'', [in:] ''Diario Regional'' 17.11.56, available [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/en/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=10069938 here]</ref> and “el illustre Caudillo”.<ref> Justo Garrán, ''Sofismas y Razones. Del ateísmo legal a la restauración católica'', Pamplona 1939, p. 239</ref> In terms of content, it was a call to do away with the 19th-century concordat and with all the secular republican legislation and to “reanudar la observancia de las festividades religiosas, dignificar el matrimonio cristiano y sanear con toda eficacia la enseñanza”.<ref> Garrán 1939, p. 239</ref> In terms of detailed solutions Garrán refrained from any suggestions, though the chapter ''La solución futura'' advanced a vision of friendly partnership between the state and the Church.<ref> Garrán 1939, pp. 239-244</ref> In Falangist press the work was greeted with a lukewarm welcome as well-researched, but generally outdated.<ref> ''Libertad'' 26.05.39, available [https://prensahistorica.mcu.es/es/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.do?path=272153&posicion=3&presentacion=pagina here]</ref>
-[[File:Olite Navarra -espanha -espana -spain -olite -navarra (33992470098).jpg|thumb|building of former Garrán-funded school in Olite, present view]]
-At the turn of the decades Garrán withdrew into privacy, and it was his son José who briefly emerged as holder of high administrative positions in Navarre and Biscay. Justo limited himself to publishing few pieces in a Carlist periodical ''La Avalancha'';<ref>see e.g. ''La Avalancha'' 24.05.39, available [https://binadi.navarra.es/opac/ficha.php?informatico=00004478MO&codopac=OPBIN&idpag=1349678678&presenta=digitaly2p here], ''La Avalancha'' 24.02.40, available [https://binadi.navarra.es/opac/ficha.php?informatico=00004496MO&codopac=OPBIN&idpag=1349678678&presenta=digitaly2p here]</ref> he was last recorded in public discourse in 1941, as the author of an article on so-called [[:es:Ley Paccionada Navarra|ley paccionada]],<ref> Cristobal Robles Muñoz, ''Católicos y cuestión foral. La crisis de 1893-1894'', [in:] ''Principe de Viana'' 10 (1988), p. 396</ref> a Navarre-related regulation introduced 100 years earlier.<ref>''La ley de 1841'', [in:] ''Príncipe de Viana'' 1941</ref> Until death he presided over few local Catholic organisations.<ref>president of Consejo Particular de las Conferencias de San Vicente Paúl and president of Junta Pro-Javier, ''La Avalancha'' 08.09.42, available [https://binadi.navarra.es/opac/ficha.php?informatico=00004557MO&codopac=OPBIN&idpag=122910671&presenta=digitaly2p here]</ref> Garrán’s passing away was not acknowledged in nationwide press; local Pamplona and Valladolid titles published rather brief obituary articles.<ref>''D. Justo Garrán'', [in:] ''Diario De Navarra'' 29.09.42, also ''La Avalancha'' 08.09.42</ref> Later his name went into almost total oblivion; except a large 1957 article in ''Diario Regional'', which hailed Garrán as the founder of the daily,<ref> ''Recuerdo y homenaje a don Justo Garrán, fundador de Diario Regional'', [in:] ''Diario Regional'' 17.11.56, available [https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/en/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=10069938 here]</ref> he disappeared from public discourse. Today his pamphlets might appear in bibliographic listings in works on fuerismo<ref> see e.g. Floren Aoiz, ''La vieja herida. De la conquista española al Amejoramiento Foral'', Tafalla 2002, ISBN 9788481362572, p. 447</ref> or state-Church<ref> see e.g. Rafael Sanz de Diego, ''Medio siglo de relaciones Iglesia-Estado el cardenal Antolín Monescillo y Viso (1811-1897)'', Madrid 1979, ISBN 9788485281220, p. LXXIV</ref> relations; he earned very brief biographical pieces in few online encyclopedias<ref> for Real Academia de la Historia see [https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/60491/justo-garran-moso here], for Gran Enciclopedia Navarra see [http://www.enciclopedianavarra.com/?page_id=10345 here], for Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia see [https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/eu/garran-moso-justo/ar-61843/ here]</ref> and in one historiographic dictionary.<ref> Angel García-Sanz Marcotegui, ''Diccionario biográfico de los diputados forales de Navarra (1840-1931)'', Pamplona 1996, ISBN 9788423515523</ref>
-==See also==
-* [[Traditionalism (Spain)|Traditionalism]]
-* [[Carlism]]
-* [[Integrism (Spain)|Integrism]]
-==Footnotes==
-{{Reflist|3}}
-==Further reading==
-* Jesus M. Fuente Langas, ''Los procesos electorales de 1923 en Navarra'', [in:] ''Príncipe de Viana'' 15 (1993), pp. 445-456
-* Fernando Mikelarena Peña, ''Las posturas de la derecha tradicionalista y conservadora Navarra entre 1929 y 1940 en relación con la reintegración foral'', [in:] ''Historia Constitucional'' 22 (2021), pp. 395-436
-* Pablo Pérez López, ''Católicos, política e información. Diario Regional de Valladolid, 1931-1980'' [PhD thesis Universidad de Valladolid], Valladolid 1992
-* Pablo Pérez López, ''Católicos, política e información. Diario Regional de Valladolid, 1931-1980'', Valladolid 1994, ISBN 9788477624127
-* Guillermo A. Pérez Sánchez, Pablo Pérez López, Ricardo M. Martin de la Guardia, Juan A. Cano García, ''Parlamentarios vallisoletanos en la segunda Restauración (1901-1923)'', [in:] ''Investigaciones históricas: Época moderna y contemporánea'' 15 (1995), pp. 81-95
-==External links==
-* [https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/60491/justo-garran-moso Garrán at Real Academia de la Historia service]
-* [https://aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus/eu/garran-moso-justo/ar-61843/ Garrán at Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia service]
-* [http://www.enciclopedianavarra.com/?page_id=10345 Garrán at Gran Enciclopedia Navarra service]
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Garrán Moso, Justo}}
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Latest revision as of 12:56, 2 June 2024