Dybbuk: Difference between revisions
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==History== |
==History== |
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The term first appears in a number of 16th-century writings,<ref name="Falk" /><ref name="Goldish">[https://books.google.com/books?id=CF1C84xHeucC&dq=dybbuk&pg=PA41 ''Spirit Possession in Judaism: Cases and Contexts from the Middle Ages to the Present, by Matt Goldish'', p. 41, Wayne State University Press, 2003]</ref> though it was ignored by mainstream scholarship until [[S. |
The term first appears in a number of 16th-century writings,<ref name="Falk" /><ref name="Goldish">[https://books.google.com/books?id=CF1C84xHeucC&dq=dybbuk&pg=PA41 ''Spirit Possession in Judaism: Cases and Contexts from the Middle Ages to the Present, by Matt Goldish'', p. 41, Wayne State University Press, 2003]</ref> though it was ignored by mainstream scholarship until [[S. An-sky]]'s 1920 play ''[[The Dybbuk]]'' popularised the concept in literary circles.<ref name="Goldish" /> Earlier accounts of possession (such as that given by [[Josephus]]) were of demonic possession rather than that of ghosts.<ref name="Schwartz">[https://books.google.com/books?id=60iVk1p8Y9IC&dq=dybbuk&pg=PA229 ''Tree of Souls:The Mythology of Judaism'', by Howard Schwartz, pp. 229–230, Oxford University Press, 2004]</ref> These accounts advocated [[orthodoxy]] among the populace<ref name="Falk" /> as a preventative measure. {{lang|pl|[[Michał Waszyński]]|italic=no}}'s 1937 film ''[[The Dybbuk (film)|The Dybbuk]]'', based on the Yiddish play by S. An-sky, is considered one of the classics of [[Yiddish cinema|Yiddish filmmaking]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The Dybbuk |url=http://www.jewishfilm.org/Catalogue/films/dybbuk.html |accessdate=29 October 2014 |publisher=[[The National Center for Jewish Film]]}}</ref> |
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Rabbi [[Yoel Teitelbaum]], the [[Satmar (Hasidic dynasty)|Satmar rebbe]] (1887–1979), is reported to have supposedly advised an individual said to be possessed to consult a [[psychiatrist]].<ref name="Schwartz" /> |
Rabbi [[Yoel Teitelbaum]], the [[Satmar (Hasidic dynasty)|Satmar rebbe]] (1887–1979), is reported to have supposedly advised an individual said to be possessed to consult a [[psychiatrist]].<ref name="Schwartz" /> |
Revision as of 21:24, 17 June 2024
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Dybbuk.jpg/300px-Dybbuk.jpg)
In Jewish mythology, a dybbuk (/ˈdɪbək/; Yiddish: דיבוק, from the Hebrew verb דָּבַק dāḇaq meaning 'adhere' or 'cling') is a malicious possessing spirit believed to be the dislocated soul of a dead person.[1] It supposedly leaves the host body once it has accomplished its goal, sometimes after being exorcised.[2][3][4]
Etymology
Dybbuk comes from the Hebrew word דִּיבּוּק dibūq, meaning 'a case of attachment', which is a nominal form derived from the verb דָּבַק dāḇaq 'to adhere' or 'cling'.[5]
History
The term first appears in a number of 16th-century writings,[2][6] though it was ignored by mainstream scholarship until S. An-sky's 1920 play The Dybbuk popularised the concept in literary circles.[6] Earlier accounts of possession (such as that given by Josephus) were of demonic possession rather than that of ghosts.[7] These accounts advocated orthodoxy among the populace[2] as a preventative measure. Michał Waszyński's 1937 film The Dybbuk, based on the Yiddish play by S. An-sky, is considered one of the classics of Yiddish filmmaking.[8]
Rabbi Yoel Teitelbaum, the Satmar rebbe (1887–1979), is reported to have supposedly advised an individual said to be possessed to consult a psychiatrist.[7]
Traditionally, dybbuks tended to be male spirits who possessed women on the eve of their weddings, typically in a sexual fashion by entering the women through their vaginas, which is seen in Ansky's play.[9]
In psychological literature, the dybbuk has been described as a hysterical syndrome.[10]
See also
References
- ^ Trachtenberg, Joshua (2004) [Originally published 1939]. "Glossary of Hebrew Terms". Jewish Magic and Superstition. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 333. ISBN 978-0812218626. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
Dibbuk – spirit of deceased person which has entered body of living person.
- ^ a b c Avner Falk (1996). A Psychoanalytic History of the Jews. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. p. 538. ISBN 978-0838636602.
- ^ "Dybbuk", Encyclopædia Britannica, retrieved 10 June 2009
- ^ Gershom Scholem. "Dibbuk". Encyclopaedia Judaica.
- ^ See A. Sáenz-Badillos & J. Elwolde, A History of the Hebrew Language, 1996, p. 187 on the qiṭṭūl pattern.
- ^ a b Spirit Possession in Judaism: Cases and Contexts from the Middle Ages to the Present, by Matt Goldish, p. 41, Wayne State University Press, 2003
- ^ a b Tree of Souls:The Mythology of Judaism, by Howard Schwartz, pp. 229–230, Oxford University Press, 2004
- ^ "The Dybbuk". The National Center for Jewish Film. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
- ^ Levin, Sala (28 October 2021). "Jewish Word: Dybbuk". Moment Magazine.
- ^ Billu, Y; Beit-Hallahmi, B (1989). "Dybbuk-Possession as a hysterical symptom: Psychodynamic and socio-cultural factors". Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Science. 26 (3): 138–149. PMID 2606645.
Further reading
- Chajes, J. H. (2011). Between Worlds: Dybbuks, Exorcists, and Early Modern Judaism. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0812221701.
- Elior, Rachel (2008). Dybbuks and Jewish Women in Social History, Mysticism and Folklore. Urim Publications. ISBN 978-9655240078.
- Peñalosa, Fernando (2012). The Dybbuk: Text, Subtext, and Context. CreateSpace Publishing. ISBN 978-1478357803.
- Peñalosa, Fernando (2012). Parodies of An-sky's "The Dybbuk". CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN 978-1477647721.
- Cutler, Yosl (March 2017). "The Dybbuk in the Form of a Crisis". In Geveb. Archived from the original on 6 March 2023.
External links
- "The Dybbuk" by Ansky Jewish Heritage Online Magazine
- "Dybbuk – Spiritual Possession and Jewish Folklore" by Jeff Belanger, Ghostvillage.com
- "Dybbuk", Encyclopædia Britannica
- Dibbuk short film teaser
- ডিব্বুক (Dybbuk) – Bengali horror fiction based on Dybbuk myth by Tamoghna Naskar. Publisher – Aranyamon Prokashoni https://www.aranyamon.com/