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Solar-powered aircraft are electric aircraft that can be an airplane, blimp, or airship and use either a battery or hydrogen to store the energy produced by the solar cells and use that energy at night when the sun isn't shining.

Usage

Solar-powered aircraft do not require fuel, so they don't require oxygen, and they are able to operate at altitudes over 20 kilometres (12 mi) to 100 kilometres (62 mi) for months at a time.^[1]^[2]

Conventional passenger or cargo aircraft usages aren't practical yet with modern technology, but high-altitude platform stations and long-endurance missions over a fixed location with unmanned aircraft or airships are feasible. Thus solar-powered aircraft could be used in telecommunications, video/imagery, flight control by transporting airport surveillance radars, in precipitation detection by transporting weather radars, geopositioning Global Positioning Systems (GPS),^[3] and other pseudo satellite^[4] applications that transpond the data with ground stations.

List of solar airplanes

This list is non-exhaustive.

AstroFlight Sunrise - first uncrewed solar flight in 1974^[5]
Mauro Solar Riser - first crewed solar flight in April 1979^[6]
MacCready Gossamer Penguin - second crewed solar flight in May 1980^[7]
Pathfinder
Centurion
Helios
Facebook Aquila
Solar Impulse - first solar aircraft to circumnavigate the globe^[8]
Airbus Zephyr^[9]
BAE Systems PHASA-35^[10]
HAPSMobile Hawk30

Solar airships

Solar Airship One is being developed by Euro Airship and is planning to launch a would tour in 2026 and fly by 25 countries in 20 days as it travels around the world non-stop.

It will be autonomous and use electrolysis to store hydrogen to keep moving at night when the sun isn't shining.^[11]

References

^ "Recent Advancements in Solar-Powered Aircraft". AZoCleantech.com. December 21, 2022.
^ "MIT School of Engineering | » Is it possible to make solar-powered airplanes?".
^ https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00762
^ Hill, Kelly (December 20, 2021). "What are HAPS and what role will they play in future networks?".
^ "Sunrise, the world's first solar-powered airplane | Journal of Aircraft". doi:10.2514/3.45213.
^ "First solar powered aircraft: Mauro Solar Riser".
^ "Plane flies on sun power", by Terrance W. McGarry, United Press International report in the Spokane (WA) Chronicle, June 5, 1980, p12
^ "Solar Impulse - Around the world to promote clean technologies". Solar Impulse.
^ Demarest, Colin (November 13, 2023). "Airbus, maker of long-flying Zephyr, launches US drone business". C4ISRNet.
^ Reed, Jessica (July 25, 2023). "PHASA-35: High-Altitude UAS Offers Game-Changing Potential". Avionics International.
^ Burgos, Matthew (September 19, 2023). "Solar and hydrogen-powered aircraft will fly around the world for 20 days without stopping". designboom | architecture & design magazine.
^ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/41504124_A_Mars_VTOL_Aerobot_-_Preliminary_Design_Dynamics_and_Control

[1] "Recent Advancements in Solar-Powered Aircraft". AZoCleantech.com. December 21, 2022.

[2] "MIT School of Engineering | » Is it possible to make solar-powered airplanes?".

[3] ttps://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00762

[4] Hill, Kelly (December 20, 2021). "What are HAPS and what role will they play in future networks?".

[5] "Sunrise, the world's first solar-powered airplane | Journal of Aircraft". doi:10.2514/3.45213.

[6] "First solar powered aircraft: Mauro Solar Riser".

[7] "Plane flies on sun power", by Terrance W. McGarry, United Press International report in the Spokane (WA) Chronicle, June 5, 1980, p12

[8] "Solar Impulse - Around the world to promote clean technologies". Solar Impulse.

[9] Demarest, Colin (November 13, 2023). "Airbus, maker of long-flying Zephyr, launches US drone business". C4ISRNet.

[10] Reed, Jessica (July 25, 2023). "PHASA-35: High-Altitude UAS Offers Game-Changing Potential". Avionics International.

[11] Burgos, Matthew (September 19, 2023). "Solar and hydrogen-powered aircraft will fly around the world for 20 days without stopping". designboom | architecture & design magazine.

[12] ttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/41504124_A_Mars_VTOL_Aerobot_-_Preliminary_Design_Dynamics_and_Control

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 ==Solar airships==
 [[File:Stratobus artiste.jpg|thumb|Stratobus [[high altitude airship]]]]
-Solar Airship One is being developed by Euro Airship and is planning to launch a would tour in 2026 and fly by 25 countries in 20 days as it travels around the world [[Non-stop flight|non-stop]]. It will be [[autonomous]] and use [[Electrolysis of water|electrolysis]] to store hydrogen to keep moving at night when the sun isn't shining.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.designboom.com/technology/solar-hydrogen-aircraft-euro-airship-one-nonstop-flight-09-19-2023/|title=Solar and hydrogen-powered aircraft will fly around the world for 20 days without stopping|first=Matthew |last=Burgos |date=September 19, 2023 |website=designboom &#124; architecture & design magazine}}</ref>
+Solar Airship One is being developed by Euro Airship and is planning to launch a would tour in 2026 and fly by 25 countries in 20 days as it travels around the world [[Non-stop flight|non-stop]].
+It will be [[autonomous]] and use [[Electrolysis of water|electrolysis]] to store hydrogen to keep moving at night when the sun isn't shining.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.designboom.com/technology/solar-hydrogen-aircraft-euro-airship-one-nonstop-flight-09-19-2023/|title=Solar and hydrogen-powered aircraft will fly around the world for 20 days without stopping|first=Matthew |last=Burgos |date=September 19, 2023 |website=designboom &#124; architecture & design magazine}}</ref>
 ==See also==