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In baseball, a no-hit game (familiarly known as a no-hitter, and sometimes called a no-no for "no hits no runs") refers to a contest in which at least one of the teams has prevented the other from getting an official hit during the entire length of the game, which must be at least 9 innings (27 outs). A pitcher who prevents the opposing team from achieving a hit is said to have "thrown a no-hitter." The achievement of a no-hitter is rare and considered to be an extraordinary accomplishment for a pitcher or pitching staff. In most cases in the professional game, no-hitters are accomplished by a single pitcher who throws a complete game. The most recent major league no-hitter was achieved by Mark Buehrle of the Chicago White Sox against the Texas Rangers on April 18, 2007.

Labeling a game as a no-hitter does not imply that the opposing team has not reached base, since it is quite possible to reach base without a hit. Thus a no-hitter does not imply a shutout, and although it is extremely uncommon, it is possible for a pitcher to throw a no-hitter and yet lose the game (see Ken Johnson and Andy Hawkins). The special case of a no-hitter in which the other team has not reached base at all (in which a pitcher pitches a complete game that lasts a minimum of nine innings) is called a perfect game. A perfect game has been defined by Major League Baseball as a game in which a pitcher pitches a complete game victory that lasts a minimum of nine innings and in which no opposition player reaches first base. Thus a perfect game is a shutout, a victory, and also a no-hitter. In a perfect game a pitcher will have retired all twenty-seven batters he has faced.

One of the most common baseball superstitions is that it is bad luck to mention a no-hitter in progress, especially to the pitcher.^[1] Some sportscasters observe this taboo, while others have no reservations about mentioning no-hitters before completion.^[2] Mark Buehrle, in his 18 April 2007 no-hitter, went against this tradition and talked freely to his teammates about the ongoing no-hitter.^[3]

No-hitters in Major League Baseball

Records

In Major League Baseball, no-hitters are rare, occurring about twice a season on average. About 233 no-hitters have been thrown in major league history. Only 17 of those 233 were perfect games. On June 29, 1990, two no-hitters were thrown on the same day–the first time this had ever occurred. Dave Stewart of the Oakland Athletics no-hit the Toronto Blue Jays early in the evening; hours later, Los Angeles Dodger Fernando Valenzuela pitched his no-hitter against the St. Louis Cardinals.

The pitcher who holds the record for the most no-hitters is Nolan Ryan, who threw seven in his long career and was regarded as the undisputed king of no-hitters. His first two came exactly two months apart, while he was with the California Angels: the first on May 15, 1973 and the second on July 15. He won two more with the Angels: September 28, 1974 and June 1, 1975. He threw his fifth no-hitter with the Houston Astros on September 26, 1981, which broke Sandy Koufax's record. His sixth and seventh no-hitters came with the Texas Rangers on June 11, 1990, and May 1, 1991, respectively. At age 44 when he tossed #7, he was also the oldest pitcher to toss a no-hitter.

The pitcher who holds the record for the longest period between no-hitters is Randy Johnson, who threw a no-hitter as a member of the Seattle Mariners on June 2, 1990 and a perfect game as an Arizona Diamondback on May 18, 2004.

Combined no-hitters

There have been nine combined no-hitters, that is, when multiple pitchers collectively throw a no-hitter during a game. The first was on June 23, 1917, with Babe Ruth as the starting pitcher. After walking the first batter of the game, Ruth was ejected for arguing with an umpire. Ernie Shore relieved Ruth; the runner at first was caught attempting to steal second base, and Shore then consecutively retired the next 26 batters without allowing any baserunners. For a long time Major League Baseball actually recognized Shore's feat as a perfect game as he technically achieved 27 consecutive outs with no batter reaching base (the runner caught stealing is counted as being an "out"), but stricter perfect game definitions established after 1990 (see more below) retracted this. The Major League record for pitchers combining to pitch a no-hitter is six, set by the Houston Astros against the New York Yankees on June 11, 2003. The pitchers were Roy Oswalt (the starting pitcher), then relievers Pete Munro, Kirk Saarloos, Brad Lidge, Octavio Dotel, and Billy Wagner. The Yankees had been the team who had gone the longest without a no-hitter thrown against them; they were last "no-hit" in 1958 by Hoyt Wilhelm, a career relief pitcher making a rare start.

Opening Day and the post-season

The Cleveland Indians' Bob Feller left the Chicago White Sox hitless in the 1940 season opener on April 16. This remains the only Opening Day no-hitter to date. On the other side of the coin, in 1984 Mike Witt of the California Angels pitched a perfect game against the Texas Rangers on the final day of the regular season: September 30. To date, this remains the only no-hitter pitched on the final day of a regular season.

On October 8, 1956, Don Larsen of the New York Yankees became the only person in Major League history to throw a no-hitter during a World Series game. Larsen's victory against the Brooklyn Dodgers was also a perfect game. It remains the only no-hitter in World Series history, and indeed the only such feat in any postseason game. (The only other pitcher to come close to such a feat was the Yankees' Bill Bevens, who came within one out of no-hitting the Brooklyn Dodgers in Game 4 of the 1947 World Series, only to lose the game on a pinch-hit double by Cookie Lavagetto.)

Rookie no-hitters

A degree of luck is involved in pitching a no-hit game. Many Hall-of-Fame pitchers never pitched a no-hitter, whereas some journeymen or short-career pitchers strike gold. The most notorious of the latter is probably Bobo Holloman.

In 1953, Bobo Holloman of the St. Louis Browns pitched a no-hitter in his first major league start (not his first major league game though, as he had made a few relief appearances earlier in the season). This game would prove to be one of only three major league wins that Holloman achieved, against seven losses, all in 1953. Bill Veeck, then-owner of the Browns, in his autobiography described the 27 outs of Holloman's no-hitter as consisting of hard-hit ground balls, screaming line drives, and deep fly balls.

In 1991, Wilson Alvarez of the Chicago White Sox pitched a no-hitter in his second career major league start. During Alvarez's first career start, he allowed three runs on a pair of home runs and did not retire a single batter. In all, 19 rookies have pitched a no-hitter, the most recent being Anibal Sanchez of the Florida Marlins in 2006.

Pitched a no-hitter and lost

On April 23, 1964, Ken Johnson of the Houston Colt 45's (they became the Houston Astros the next season) became the only pitcher to lose a complete game no-hitter in nine innings when he was beaten 1-0 by Cincinnati. On July 1, 1990, Andy Hawkins of the New York Yankees lost 4-0, while pitching 8 innings of no-hit ball against the Chicago White Sox. The runs scored as a result of two walks, a misplayed ground ball, and two consecutive errors on fly balls, all of which combined to rob Hawkins of his no-hitter and the Yankees of the game, by a score of 4-0. In 1992, Matt Young of the Boston Red Sox lost an eight-inning no-hitter by a 2-1 score. In all of the 8-inning no-hit losses, the home team did not bat in the 9th, as it already had the lead, and so the visiting team did not pitch a 9th inning.

A game that is a no-hitter through 9 innings may be lost in extra innings. In 1917, Fred Toney of the Cincinnati Reds and Hippo Vaughn of the Chicago Cubs pitched a hitless, scoreless tie after 9 innings–the only time in baseball history that neither team has had a hit in regulation. The Reds got two hits in the top of the tenth inning and scored the winning run. In the bottom of the tenth, Toney retired the side and recorded a 10-inning no-hitter. (The closest any game has come since to having no hits in regulation was in 1965, when Sandy Koufax pitched a perfect game and opposing pitcher Bob Hendley of the Cubs gave up only one hit to the Dodgers; notably, the winning run in this 1-0 game was scored in the fifth inning, and the game's only hit came in the seventh). In 1959, Harvey Haddix of the Pittsburgh Pirates pitched twelve perfect innings before losing the no-hitter and the game to the Milwaukee Braves in the 13th. Pedro Martínez, then a member of the Montreal Expos, was the last pitcher to lose a no-hitter in the 10th inning (via a Bip Roberts double) against the San Diego Padres in 1995. Like Haddix, he too had a perfect game after nine innings.

In 1967, Steve Barber and Stu Miller of the Baltimore Orioles pitched a combined no-hitter, but lost 2-1 to the Detroit Tigers.

Tighter definition of 1990

After an unprecedented nine no-hitters in 1990, and on the way to eight in 1991, including one in regulation broken up in extra innings, one ended early because of weather, and one where the losing pitcher gave up no hits, but errors caused the team to lose, and the home side did not have to bat, Major League Baseball changed the rules so that only no-hit games of nine or more full innings ending with no hits are officially recognized. No-hitters and perfect games that go into extra innings because the score is tied at the end of regulation play (including 0-0 ties) are only recognized if the game finishes without it being broken up. Rain-shortened "official game" no-hitters are also no longer recognized (though they always had an "asterisk" in the record books). As a result, Ken Johnson's 9-inning no-hit loss is the only one that is still recognized in the official baseball record books; the other cases noted above are simply "footnotes" in baseball trivia books and websites (including the Elias Sports Bureau). This ruling, which has caused some no-hitters up to 100 years old to be "reversed", has been quite controversial, especially in the case of the two perfect games that were ended in extra innings and technically fit the "9 inning" definition. The 1917 "double no-hitter" by both sides is not officially recognized anymore either; only Fred Toney's 10-inning feat in that game is officially considered a no-hitter.

References

^ Gmelch, George (2000). "Revised version of "Superstition and Ritual in American Baseball" from Elysian Fields Quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 3, 1992, pp. 25-36". McGraw-Hill/Dushkin. Archived from the original on 2007-04-21. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
^ Scully, Vin (1986), "1965: Los Angeles Dodgers 1, Chicago Cubs 0: The radio account of the ninth inning of Sandy Koufax's perfect game", The Baseball Reader, New York: McGraw Hill, pp. 375–378, ISBN 0-07-019532-3.
^ "Buehrle ignored no-hitter superstition".

External links

[1] Gmelch, George (2000). "Revised version of "Superstition and Ritual in American Baseball" from Elysian Fields Quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 3, 1992, pp. 25-36". McGraw-Hill/Dushkin. Archived from the original on 2007-04-21. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[2] Scully, Vin (1986), "1965: Los Angeles Dodgers 1, Chicago Cubs 0: The radio account of the ninth inning of Sandy Koufax's perfect game", The Baseball Reader, New York: McGraw Hill, pp. 375–378, ISBN 0-07-019532-3.

[3] "Buehrle ignored no-hitter superstition".

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[2]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 In [[baseball]], a '''no-hit game''' (familiarly known as a '''no-hitter''', and sometimes called a '''no-no''' for "no hits no runs") refers to a contest in which at least one of the teams has prevented the other from getting an official [[hit (baseball)|hit]] during the entire length of the game, which must be at least 9 innings (27 outs). A [[pitcher]] who prevents the opposing team from achieving a hit is said to have "thrown a no-hitter." The achievement of a no-hitter is rare and considered to be an extraordinary accomplishment for a pitcher or pitching staff. In most cases in the professional game, no-hitters are accomplished by a single pitcher who throws a complete game. The most recent major league no-hitter was achieved by [[Mark Buehrle]] of the [[Chicago White Sox]] against the [[Texas Rangers (baseball)|Texas Rangers]] on April 18, 2007.
 Labeling a game as a no-hitter does not imply that the opposing team has not reached base, since it is quite possible to reach base without a hit. Thus a no-hitter does not imply a shutout, and although it is extremely uncommon, it is possible for a pitcher to throw a no-hitter and yet lose the game (see [[Ken Johnson (right-handed pitcher)|Ken Johnson]] and [[Andy Hawkins]]). The special case of a no-hitter in which the other team has not reached base at all (in which a pitcher pitches a complete game that lasts a minimum of nine innings) is called a [[perfect game]]. A perfect game has been defined by Major League Baseball as a game in which a pitcher pitches a complete game victory that lasts a minimum of nine innings and in which no opposition player reaches first base. Thus a perfect game is a shutout, a victory, and also a no-hitter. In a perfect game a pitcher will have retired all twenty-seven batters he has faced.
-One of the most common [[baseball superstition]]s is that it is bad luck to mention a no-hitter in progress, especially to the pitcher.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dushkin.com/olc/genarticle.mhtml?article=27128 | title = Revised version of "Superstition and Ritual in American Baseball" from Elysian Fields Quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 3, 1992, pp. 25-36 | last = Gmelch| first = George | year = 2000 | month = September | publisher = McGraw-Hill/Dushkin| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5OHaQX4IE | archivedate = 2007-04-21}}</ref>  Some [[sportscaster]]s observe this [[taboo]], while others have no reservations about mentioning no-hitters before completion.<ref>{{Citation | last=Scully | first=Vin
+One of the most common [[baseball superstition]]s is that it is bad luck to mention a no-hitter in progress, especially to the pitcher.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.dushkin.com/olc/genarticle.mhtml?article=27128 | title = Revised version of "Superstition and Ritual in American Baseball" from Elysian Fields Quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 3, 1992, pp. 25-36 | last = Gmelch| first = George | year = 2000 | month = September | publisher = McGraw-Hill/Dushkin| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5OHaQX4IE | archivedate = 2007-04-21}}</ref> Some [[sportscaster]]s observe this [[taboo]], while others have no reservations about mentioning no-hitters before completion.<ref>{{Citation | last=Scully | first=Vin
  | author-link=Vin Scully | contribution=1965: Los Angeles Dodgers 1, Chicago Cubs 0: ''The radio account of the ninth inning of Sandy Koufax's perfect game'' | title=The Baseball Reader | place=New York | publisher=McGraw Hill | publication-date=1986 | pages=375-378 | isbn=0-07-019532-3}}.</ref> Mark Buehrle, in his 18 April 2007 no-hitter, went against this tradition and talked freely to his teammates about the ongoing no-hitter.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/18203875/ | title = Buehrle ignored no-hitter superstition}}</ref>
 ==No-hitters in Major League Baseball==
 ===Records===
-In [[Major League Baseball]], no-hitters are rare, occurring about twice a season on average. About 233 no-hitters have been thrown in major league history.  Only 17 of those 233 were perfect games.  On [[June 29]], [[1990 in baseball|1990]], two no-hitters were thrown on the same day&ndash;the first time this had ever occurred. [[Dave Stewart (baseball player)|Dave Stewart]] of the [[Oakland Athletics]] no-hit the [[Toronto Blue Jays]] early in the evening; hours later, [[Los Angeles Dodgers|Los Angeles Dodger]] [[Fernando Valenzuela]] pitched his no-hitter against the [[St. Louis Cardinals]].
+In [[Major League Baseball]], no-hitters are rare, occurring about twice a season on average. About 233 no-hitters have been thrown in major league history. Only 17 of those 233 were perfect games. On [[June 29]], 1990, two no-hitters were thrown on the same day&ndash;the first time this had ever occurred. [[Dave Stewart (baseball player)|Dave Stewart]] of the [[Oakland Athletics]] no-hit the [[Toronto Blue Jays]] early in the evening; hours later, [[Los Angeles Dodgers|Los Angeles Dodger]] [[Fernando Valenzuela]] pitched his no-hitter against the [[St. Louis Cardinals]].
-The pitcher who holds the record for the most no-hitters is [[Nolan Ryan]], who threw seven in his long career and was regarded as the undisputed king of no-hitters.  His first two came exactly two months apart, while he was with the [[California Angels]]: the first on [[May 15]], [[1973 in baseball|1973]] and the second on [[July 15]].  He won two more with the Angels: [[September 28]], [[1974 in baseball|1974]] and [[June 1]], [[1975 in baseball|1975]].  He threw his fifth no-hitter with the [[Houston Astros]] on [[September 26]], [[1981 in baseball|1981]], which broke [[Sandy Koufax]]'s record.  His sixth and seventh no-hitters came with the [[Texas Rangers (baseball)|Texas Rangers]] on [[June 11]], [[1990 in baseball|1990]], and [[May 1]], [[1991 in baseball|1991]], respectively. At age 44 when he tossed #7, he was also the oldest pitcher to toss a no-hitter.
+The pitcher who holds the record for the most no-hitters is [[Nolan Ryan]], who threw seven in his long career and was regarded as the undisputed king of no-hitters. His first two came exactly two months apart, while he was with the [[California Angels]]: the first on [[May 15]], 1973 and the second on [[July 15]]. He won two more with the Angels: [[September 28]], 1974 and [[June 1]], 1975. He threw his fifth no-hitter with the [[Houston Astros]] on [[September 26]], 1981, which broke [[Sandy Koufax]]'s record. His sixth and seventh no-hitters came with the [[Texas Rangers (baseball)|Texas Rangers]] on [[June 11]], 1990, and [[May 1]], 1991, respectively. At age 44 when he tossed #7, he was also the oldest pitcher to toss a no-hitter.
-The pitcher who holds the record for the longest period between no-hitters is [[Randy Johnson]], who threw a no-hitter as a member of the [[Seattle Mariners]] on [[June 2]], [[1990 in baseball|1990]] and a [[perfect game]] as an [[Arizona Diamondbacks|Arizona Diamondback]] on [[May 18]], [[2004 in baseball|2004]].
+The pitcher who holds the record for the longest period between no-hitters is [[Randy Johnson]], who threw a no-hitter as a member of the [[Seattle Mariners]] on [[June 2]], 1990 and a [[perfect game]] as an [[Arizona Diamondbacks|Arizona Diamondback]] on [[May 18]], 2004.
 ===Combined no-hitters===
+There have been nine combined no-hitters, that is, when multiple pitchers collectively throw a no-hitter during a game. The first was on [[June 23]], 1917, with [[Babe Ruth]] as the starting pitcher. After walking the first batter of the game, Ruth was ejected for arguing with an umpire. [[Ernie Shore]] relieved Ruth; the runner at first was caught attempting to steal second base, and Shore then consecutively retired the next 26 batters without allowing any baserunners. For a long time Major League Baseball actually recognized Shore's feat as a perfect game as he technically achieved 27 consecutive outs with no batter reaching base (the runner caught stealing is counted as being an "out"), but stricter perfect game definitions established after 1990 (see more below) retracted this. The Major League record for pitchers combining to pitch a no-hitter is six, set by the [[Houston Astros]] against the [[New York Yankees]] on [[June 11]], 2003. The pitchers were [[Roy Oswalt]] (the starting pitcher), then relievers [[Pete Munro]], [[Kirk Saarloos]], [[Brad Lidge]], [[Octavio Dotel]], and [[Billy Wagner]]. The Yankees had been the team who had gone the longest without a no-hitter thrown against them; they were last "no-hit" in 1958 by [[Hoyt Wilhelm]], a career [[relief pitcher]] making a rare start.
-There have been nine combined no-hitters, that is, when multiple pitchers collectively throw a no-hitter during a game. The first was on [[June 23]], [[1917 in baseball|1917]], with [[Babe Ruth]] as the starting pitcher.  After walking the first batter of the game, Ruth was ejected for arguing with an umpire.  [[Ernie Shore]] relieved Ruth; the runner at first was caught attempting to steal second base, and Shore then consecutively retired the next 26 batters without allowing any baserunners. For a long time Major League Baseball actually recognized Shore's feat as a perfect game as he technically achieved 27 consecutive outs with no batter reaching base (the runner caught stealing is counted as being an "out"), but stricter perfect game definitions established after 1990 (see more below) retracted this. The Major League record for pitchers combining to pitch a no-hitter is six, set by the [[Houston Astros]] against the [[New York Yankees]] on [[June 11]], [[2003 in baseball|2003]].  The pitchers were [[Roy Oswalt]] (the starting pitcher), then relievers [[Pete Munro]], [[Kirk Saarloos]], [[Brad Lidge]], [[Octavio Dotel]], and [[Billy Wagner]]. The Yankees had been the team who had gone the longest without a no-hitter thrown against them; they were last "no-hit" in [[1958 in baseball|1958]] by [[Hoyt Wilhelm]], a career [[relief pitcher]] making a rare start.
 ===Opening Day and the post-season===
-The [[Cleveland Indians]]' [[Bob Feller]] left the [[Chicago White Sox]] hitless in the [[1940 in baseball|1940]] season opener on [[April 16]]. This remains the only Opening Day no-hitter to date. On the other side of the coin, in [[1984 in baseball|1984]] [[Mike Witt]] of the [[California Angels]] pitched a perfect game against the [[Texas Rangers (baseball)|Texas Rangers]] on the final day of the regular season: [[September 30]]. To date, this remains the only no-hitter pitched on the final day of a regular season.
+The [[Cleveland Indians]]' [[Bob Feller]] left the [[Chicago White Sox]] hitless in the 1940 season opener on [[April 16]]. This remains the only Opening Day no-hitter to date. On the other side of the coin, in 1984 [[Mike Witt]] of the [[California Angels]] pitched a perfect game against the [[Texas Rangers (baseball)|Texas Rangers]] on the final day of the regular season: [[September 30]]. To date, this remains the only no-hitter pitched on the final day of a regular season.
-On [[October 8]], [[1956 in baseball|1956]], [[Don Larsen]] of the [[New York Yankees]] became the only person in Major League history to throw a no-hitter during a [[World Series]] game. Larsen's victory against the [[Brooklyn Dodgers]] was also a perfect game. It remains the only no-hitter in World Series history, and indeed the only such feat in ''any'' [[postseason]] game.  (The only other pitcher to come close to such a feat was the Yankees' [[Bill Bevens]], who came within one out of no-hitting the [[Brooklyn Dodgers]] in Game 4 of the [[1947 World Series]], only to lose the game on a pinch-hit double by [[Cookie Lavagetto]].)
+On [[October 8]], 1956, [[Don Larsen]] of the [[New York Yankees]] became the only person in Major League history to throw a no-hitter during a [[World Series]] game. Larsen's victory against the [[Brooklyn Dodgers]] was also a perfect game. It remains the only no-hitter in World Series history, and indeed the only such feat in ''any'' [[postseason]] game. (The only other pitcher to come close to such a feat was the Yankees' [[Bill Bevens]], who came within one out of no-hitting the [[Brooklyn Dodgers]] in Game 4 of the [[1947 World Series]], only to lose the game on a pinch-hit double by [[Cookie Lavagetto]].)
 ===Rookie no-hitters===
 A degree of luck is involved in pitching a no-hit game. Many Hall-of-Fame pitchers never pitched a no-hitter, whereas some journeymen or short-career pitchers strike gold. The most notorious of the latter is probably [[Bobo Holloman]].
-In [[1953 in baseball|1953]], Bobo Holloman of the [[St. Louis Browns]] pitched a no-hitter in his first major league start (not his first major league game though, as he had made a few relief appearances earlier in the season). This game would prove to be one of only three major league wins that Holloman achieved, against seven losses, all in 1953. [[Bill Veeck]], then-owner of the Browns, in his autobiography described the 27 outs of Holloman's no-hitter as consisting of hard-hit ground balls, screaming line drives, and deep fly balls.
+In 1953, Bobo Holloman of the [[St. Louis Browns]] pitched a no-hitter in his first major league start (not his first major league game though, as he had made a few relief appearances earlier in the season). This game would prove to be one of only three major league wins that Holloman achieved, against seven losses, all in 1953. [[Bill Veeck]], then-owner of the Browns, in his autobiography described the 27 outs of Holloman's no-hitter as consisting of hard-hit ground balls, screaming line drives, and deep fly balls.
-In [[1991 in baseball|1991]], [[Wilson Alvarez]] of the [[Chicago White Sox]] pitched a no-hitter in his second career major league start. During Alvarez's first career start, he allowed three runs on a pair of home runs and didn't retire a single batter. In all, 19 rookies have pitched a no-hitter, the most recent being [[Anibal Sanchez]] of the [[Florida Marlins]] in 2006.
+In 1991, [[Wilson Alvarez]] of the [[Chicago White Sox]] pitched a no-hitter in his second career major league start. During Alvarez's first career start, he allowed three runs on a pair of home runs and did not retire a single batter. In all, 19 rookies have pitched a no-hitter, the most recent being [[Anibal Sanchez]] of the [[Florida Marlins]] in 2006.
 ===Pitched a no-hitter and lost===
-On [[April 23]], [[1964 in baseball|1964]], [[Ken Johnson (right-handed pitcher)|Ken Johnson]] of the Houston Colt 45's (they became the [[Houston Astros]] the next season) became the only pitcher to lose a complete game no-hitter in nine innings when he was beaten 1-0 by Cincinnati.  On [[July 1]], [[1990 in baseball|1990]], [[Andy Hawkins]] of the [[New York Yankees]] lost 4-0, while pitching 8 innings of no-hit ball against the [[Chicago White Sox]].  The runs scored as a result of two walks, a misplayed ground ball, and two consecutive errors on fly balls, all of which combined to rob Hawkins of his no-hitter and the Yankees of the game, by a score of 4-0.  In [[1992 in baseball|1992]], [[Matt Young]] of the [[Boston Red Sox]] lost an eight-inning no-hitter by a 2-1 score.  In all of the 8-inning no-hit losses, the home team did not bat in the 9th, as it already had the lead, and so the visiting team did not pitch a 9th inning.
+On [[April 23]], 1964, [[Ken Johnson (right-handed pitcher)|Ken Johnson]] of the Houston Colt 45's (they became the [[Houston Astros]] the next season) became the only pitcher to lose a complete game no-hitter in nine innings when he was beaten 1-0 by Cincinnati. On [[July 1]], 1990, [[Andy Hawkins]] of the [[New York Yankees]] lost 4-0, while pitching 8 innings of no-hit ball against the [[Chicago White Sox]]. The runs scored as a result of two walks, a misplayed ground ball, and two consecutive errors on fly balls, all of which combined to rob Hawkins of his no-hitter and the Yankees of the game, by a score of 4-0. In 1992, [[Matt Young]] of the [[Boston Red Sox]] lost an eight-inning no-hitter by a 2-1 score. In all of the 8-inning no-hit losses, the home team did not bat in the 9th, as it already had the lead, and so the visiting team did not pitch a 9th inning.
-A game that is a no-hitter through 9 innings may be lost in [[extra innings]].  In [[1917 in baseball|1917]], [[Fred Toney]] of the [[Cincinnati Reds]] and [[Hippo Vaughn]] of the [[Chicago Cubs]] pitched a hitless, scoreless tie after 9 innings&ndash;the only time in baseball history that neither team has had a hit in regulation. The Reds got two hits in the top of the tenth inning and scored the winning run. In the bottom of the tenth, Toney retired the side and recorded a 10-inning no-hitter. (The closest any game has come since to having no hits in regulation was in [[1965 in baseball|1965]], when [[Sandy Koufax]] pitched a perfect game and opposing pitcher Bob Hendley of the Cubs gave up only one hit to the Dodgers; notably, the winning run in this 1-0 game was scored in the fifth inning, and the game's only hit came in the seventh). In [[1959 in baseball|1959]], [[Harvey Haddix]] of the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]] pitched twelve perfect innings before losing the no-hitter and the game to the [[Milwaukee Braves]] in the 13th. [[Pedro Martínez]], then a member of the [[Montreal Expos]], was the last pitcher to lose a no-hitter in the 10th inning (via a [[Bip Roberts]] double) against the [[San Diego Padres]] in [[1995 in baseball|1995]]. Like Haddix, he too had a perfect game after nine innings.
+A game that is a no-hitter through 9 innings may be lost in [[extra innings]]. In 1917, [[Fred Toney]] of the [[Cincinnati Reds]] and [[Hippo Vaughn]] of the [[Chicago Cubs]] pitched a hitless, scoreless tie after 9 innings&ndash;the only time in baseball history that neither team has had a hit in regulation. The Reds got two hits in the top of the tenth inning and scored the winning run. In the bottom of the tenth, Toney retired the side and recorded a 10-inning no-hitter. (The closest any game has come since to having no hits in regulation was in 1965, when [[Sandy Koufax]] pitched a perfect game and opposing pitcher Bob Hendley of the Cubs gave up only one hit to the Dodgers; notably, the winning run in this 1-0 game was scored in the fifth inning, and the game's only hit came in the seventh). In 1959, [[Harvey Haddix]] of the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]] pitched twelve perfect innings before losing the no-hitter and the game to the [[Milwaukee Braves]] in the 13th. [[Pedro Martínez]], then a member of the [[Montreal Expos]], was the last pitcher to lose a no-hitter in the 10th inning (via a [[Bip Roberts]] double) against the [[San Diego Padres]] in 1995. Like Haddix, he too had a perfect game after nine innings.
-In [[1967 in baseball|1967]], [[Steve Barber]] and [[Stu Miller]] of the [[Baltimore Orioles]] pitched a combined no-hitter, but lost 2-1 to the [[Detroit Tigers]].
+In 1967, [[Steve Barber]] and [[Stu Miller]] of the [[Baltimore Orioles]] pitched a combined no-hitter, but lost 2-1 to the [[Detroit Tigers]].
 ===Tighter definition of 1990===
-After an unprecedented nine no-hitters in 1990, and on the way to eight in 1991, including one in regulation broken up in extra innings, one ended early because of weather, and one where the losing pitcher gave up no hits, but errors caused the team to lose, and the home side did not have to bat, Major League Baseball changed the rules so that only no-hit games of nine or more full innings ending with no hits are officially recognized. No-hitters and perfect games that go into extra innings because the score is tied at the end of regulation play (including 0-0 ties) are only recognized if the game finishes without it being broken up.  Rain-shortened "official game" no-hitters are also no longer recognized (though they always had an "[[asterisk]]" in the record books). As a result, [[Ken Johnson]]'s 9-inning no-hit loss is the only one that is still recognized in the official baseball record books; the other cases noted above are simply "footnotes" in baseball trivia books and websites (including the Elias Sports Bureau). This ruling, which has caused some no-hitters up to 100 years old to be "reversed", has been quite controversial, especially in the case of the two perfect games that were ended in extra innings and technically fit the "9 inning" definition. The [[1917 in baseball|1917]] "double no-hitter" by both sides is not officially recognized anymore either; only [[Fred Toney]]'s 10-inning feat in that game is officially considered a no-hitter.
+After an unprecedented nine no-hitters in 1990, and on the way to eight in 1991, including one in regulation broken up in extra innings, one ended early because of weather, and one where the losing pitcher gave up no hits, but errors caused the team to lose, and the home side did not have to bat, Major League Baseball changed the rules so that only no-hit games of nine or more full innings ending with no hits are officially recognized. No-hitters and perfect games that go into extra innings because the score is tied at the end of regulation play (including 0-0 ties) are only recognized if the game finishes without it being broken up. Rain-shortened "official game" no-hitters are also no longer recognized (though they always had an "[[asterisk]]" in the record books). As a result, [[Ken Johnson]]'s 9-inning no-hit loss is the only one that is still recognized in the official baseball record books; the other cases noted above are simply "footnotes" in baseball trivia books and websites (including the Elias Sports Bureau). This ruling, which has caused some no-hitters up to 100 years old to be "reversed", has been quite controversial, especially in the case of the two perfect games that were ended in extra innings and technically fit the "9 inning" definition. The 1917 "double no-hitter" by both sides is not officially recognized anymore either; only [[Fred Toney]]'s 10-inning feat in that game is officially considered a no-hitter.
 ==See also==