Ingolstadt–Kralupy–Litvínov pipeline: Difference between revisions
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==Technical description== |
==Technical description== |
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The pipeline has a diameter of {{convert|714|mm|in}}, and the pressure varies from 65 bar in Vohburg to 20 bar in Nelahozeves. The capacity of the pipeline is around ten million tonnes per annum, of which normally 30% is in use.<ref name=ikl/> The additional capacity is reserved for securing oil supplies in case of disruption Russian supplies through the [[Druzhba pipeline]] as it happened in July 2008.<ref name=iht3> |
The pipeline has a diameter of {{convert|714|mm|in}}, and the pressure varies from 65 bar (943 psi) in Vohburg to 20 bar (290 psi)in Nelahozeves. The capacity of the pipeline is around ten million tonnes per annum, of which normally 30% is in use.<ref name=ikl/> The additional capacity is reserved for securing oil supplies in case of disruption Russian supplies through the [[Druzhba pipeline]] as it happened in July 2008.<ref name=iht3> |
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{{cite news |
{{cite news |
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| url= http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/07/11/europe/czech.php |
| url= http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/07/11/europe/czech.php |
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Revision as of 22:55, 15 August 2008
The Ingolstadt-Kralupy-Litvínov pipeline (also known as IKL pipeline and MERO pipeline) is a crude oil pipeline in Central Europe. It allows the transport of crude oil from Germany to the Czech oil refineries of Kralupy and Litvínov. The name of the Ingolstadt-Kralupy-Litvínov pipeline is a misnomer, as the pipeline does not start in Ingolstadt and does not run to Kralupy and Litvínov.[1]
History
Negotiations to construct the Ingolstadt-Kralupy-Litvínov pipeline started in October 1990 and were finished in 1992.[1] Originally the pipeline was planned to run from Ingolstadt to Litvínov, but the route was changed to run from Vohburg to Nelahozeves. However, the original name of the pipeline was kept.[2]
The construction of the pipeline started in 1994, and the pipeline was commissioned in 1996. It is the main pipeline in the Czech Republic allowing oil supplies other than those of Russian origin. In 2003, the pipeline was modernized by improving remote control systems and increasing capacity.[3]
Route
The 347 kilometres (216 mi) long pipeline starts from Vohburg in Germany, where it is connected with the Transalpine Pipeline, and ends at the oil depot in Nelahozeves near Prague in the Czech Republic. The German section of the pipeline is 178 kilometres (111 mi) and the Czech section is 169 kilometres (105 mi) long.[1]
Technical description
The pipeline has a diameter of 714 millimetres (28.1 in), and the pressure varies from 65 bar (943 psi) in Vohburg to 20 bar (290 psi)in Nelahozeves. The capacity of the pipeline is around ten million tonnes per annum, of which normally 30% is in use.[1] The additional capacity is reserved for securing oil supplies in case of disruption Russian supplies through the Druzhba pipeline as it happened in July 2008.[4] The control center, which controls the whole pipeline, is located in Vohburg. The backup control center is located in Nelahozeves.[1]
The tank farm in Vohburg consists of four tanks, with a total capacity of 200,000 cubic meters.[1]
Operating company
The pipeline is operated by MERO Pipeline GmbH.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g
"Ropovod IKL (IKL Pipeline)" (in Czech). Petroleum.cz. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^
"Ropovod IKL (IKL Pipeline)" (in Czech). MERO ČR. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Energy Policies of IEA Countries (PDF). OECD/IEA. 2005. ISBN 92-64-109-293. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
- ^ Andrew E. Kramer (2008-07-11). "Russian oil to Czechs slows after U.S. pact". International Herald Tribune. Retrieved 2008-08-09.