Talk:Bryozoa

Vandalism

"[edit] Interaction with humans Bryozoa Bryozoa generally do not interact with humans as something of a rule. This is due to a longstanding feud with humans after an incident in 1922 when a colony of Bryozoa were involved in a scuffle with an unknown man over a disagreement regarding coleslaw. Charles McRogersonstone - a member of the colony - was quoted after the incident as saying It was truly awful. I had no idea that soggy carrot could inflict such damage. "

Removing this bullshit because it reeks of vandailsm to me. Sorry for my non wikipedian style of informing you of this, I'm new to the concept of spreading knowledge in a positive manner. Can we get a picture of a living one? -FZ 01:59, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)

I just tried to post a video of a live one, but it got denied because of the nazi mods. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mgiacchetti (talk • contribs) 02:23, 4 July 2009 (UTC)

Taxonomy help request

Could we have a taxobox on this? I'd do it myself if I knew the slightest thing about the topic. Soo 02:02, 16 August 2005 (UTC)

Nervous System

I understand that bryozoa have a simple nervous system. Can somebody include brief information on it? Jyoshimi 00:17, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

Can Bryozoa fresh water types grow in golf course irrigation systems

I have been told that our irrigation system on our golf course has the Bryozoa organism growing in it and they are flushing it with some type of fungicide. Is this possible?

Merge Ectoprocta into Bryozoa

I propose that Ectoprocta simply be made a redirect to Bryozoa. The terms are generally synonymous today, and the Bryozoa article already includes a paragraph describing Endoprocts and their former placement within Bryozoa. This isn't really a question of which term is better, but whether it is better to have one article or two. Kingdon 15:09, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

I have now done this. Kingdon 13:56, 24 August 2007 (UTC)

Sources & notes

Hopefully useful for getting this to GA --Philcha (talk) 17:31, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

General

• The Phylum Ectoprocta (Bryozoa) - very probably not WP:RS, but useful checklist of points, incl. specialisation.
• What is a Bryozoan? - nice dgms
• Bryozoans - excellent dgm of encrusting species, get Graphics Lab on this.
• The Fossil Book - how to distinguish from corals; dgm of fossil; hard parts not exposed
• Nielsen, Claus (2001). "Bryozoa (Ectoprocta: 'Moss' Animals)". Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. doi:10.1038/npg.els.0001613. Retrieved 2008-01-19. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
• The Phylogenetic Position of Entoprocta, Ectoprocta, Phoronida, and Brachiopoda (Nielsen; 2002; Integrative and Comparative Biology, 42(3):685-691; doi:10.1093/icb/42.3.685)

Classification

• ITIS Standard Report Page: Ectoprocta - the "official" name

Feeding

• A Model of Particle Capture by Bryozoans in Turbulent Flow: Significance of Colony Form (Eckman & Okamura; Am Nat 1998. Vol. 152, pp. 861–880; DOI: 10.1086/286214) - effects of zooid spacing & waterflow on feeding.
• Living where the flow is right: How flow affects feeding in bryozoans - effect of flow rate; invasive
• Effect of Zooid Spacing on Bryozoan Feeding Success: Is Competition or Facilitation More Important? (Pratt; 2004; Biol. Bull. 207: 17–27) - also at JSTOR and Bio Bull
• Versatile ciliary behaviour in capture of particles by the bryozoan cyphonautes larva (Strathmann; 2006; Acta Zoologica)

Reproduction & life cycle

• Paradoxical polyembryony? Embryonic cloning in an ancient order of marine bryozoans (Hughes et al; 2005; Biol. Lett.; 1, 178–180; doi:10.1098/rsbl.2004.0259)

Ecology

• Living where the flow is right: How flow affects feeding in bryozoans - effect of flow rate; invasive
• Heavy Predation on Freshwater Bryozoans by the Golden Apple Snail, Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck, 1822 (Ampullariidae)
• Molecular data implicate bryozoans as hosts for PKX (Phylum Myxozoa) and identify a clade of bryozoan parasites within the Myxozoa (Anderson, C. L., Canning, E. U., Okamura, B.;)
• Symbiotic relationships between hydroids and bryozoans (Puce et al; International Symbiosis Society Congress, 2007)
• Global diversity of bryozoans (Bryozoa or Ectoprocta) in freshwater (Massard & Geimer; 2008; Hydrobiologia) - updated at Global diversity of bryozoans (Bryozoa or Ectoprocta) in freshwater: an update (Massard & Geimer; 2008; Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb.)
• Infection of bryozoans by Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae at sites endemic for salmonid proliferative kidney disease (Tops & Okamura; Diseases of aquatic organisms; 2003)
• Versatile ciliary behaviour in capture of particles by the bryozoan cyphonautes larva (Strathmann; 2006; Acta Zoologica)

And humans

• Professional photosensitive eczema of fishermen by contact with bryozoans: disabling occupational dermatosis
• Applied palaeontology by Robert Wynn Jones (), pub. : "Dogger bank itch", possibly due to chemical defences (p. 116) --Philcha (talk) 09:08, 11 August 2009 (UTC)
• Marine Life of the Pacific and Indian Oceans - rapid colonisers->they foul boats, etc.
• Bryozoans as southern sentinels of ocean acidification: a major role for a minor phylum (Smith; 2009; Marine and Freshwater Research 60(5) 475–482; DOI: 10.1071/MF08321) - measuring "the next global challenge: ocean acidification"
• I've seen hints of medicinal uses.
• Infection of bryozoans by Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae at sites endemic for salmonid proliferative kidney disease (Tops & Okamura; Diseases of aquatic organisms; 2003) - serious for salmon fisheries & farms

Fossil record

• The oldest Bryozoans: new evidence from the Late Tremadocian (early Ordovician) of East Yangtze Gorges in China (Journal of Paleontology , Nov 2007; Xia et al; main url)
• Horizon of the oldest known bryozoans (Ordovician) (Zhang & same Chinese team; Palaeoworld Volume 18, Issue 1, March 2009, Pages 67-73)
• The role of bryozoans in fossil reefs—an example from the Middle Devonian of the Western Sahara - early colonisers, stabilise surfaces
• Coexistence of symbiotic hydroids (Protulophila) on serpulids and bryozoans in a cryptic habitat at Chrtníky (lower Turonian, Czech Republic) (Zágoršek et al; 2009; Bulletin of Geosciences 84(X), xx–xx; Czech Geological Survey, Prague; ISSN 1214-1119)
• Bryozoan mud-mounds from the Upper Ordovician Jifarah (dDjeffara) Formation of Tripolitania, north-west Libya (Buttler et al; 2007;Palaeontology)
• Bryozoan studies 2001 (ch "Deconstructing bryozoans ..", pp 93ff; Dewel et al; 2002) - nice statement of phylo problems; "highly derived"; poss explanation of why late in fossil record
• Paleozoic Bryozoa from Severnaya Zemlya (Russian Arctic) (Nekhorosheva; 2002; Geodiversitas) - mid-Ordov Russian bryozoa
• Monophyly of brachiopods and phoronids: reconciliation of molecular evidence with Linnaean classification (the subphylum Phoroniformea nov.) (Cohen; 2000; Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 267, 225-231) - "This inference [lophotrochozoa hypothesis], if true, undermines virtually all morphology-based reconstructions of phylogeny made during the past century or more."
• Devonian Bryozoan Diversity, Extinctions, and Originations (Horowitz et al; 1996; Journal of Paleontology) - anything more recent?

Phylogeny

• 18S rRNA suggests that Entoprocta are protostomes, unrelated to Ectoprocta (Mackey et al, 1996; Journal of Molecular Evolution; doi: 10.1007/BF02352285)
• Evidence from Hox genes that bryozoans are lophotrochozoans (Passamaneck and Halanych; 2004; Evolution & Development, 6:4, 275–281 )
• Lophotrochozoan phylogeny assessed with LSU and SSU data: Evidence of lophophorate polyphyly (Passamaneck and Halanych; July 2006; Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 40, Issue 1, Pages 20-28)
• Spiralian Phylogenomics Supports the Resurrection of Bryozoa Comprising Ectoprocta and Entoprocta (Hausdorf et al; 2007; Molecular Biology and Evolution; 24(12):2723-2729; doi:10.1093/molbev/msm214)
• The higher phylogeny of Phylactolaemate bryozoans inferred from 18S ribosomal DNA sequences (Wood & Lore; Bryozoan Studies, 2004)
• The Phylogenetic Position of Entoprocta, Ectoprocta, Phoronida, and Brachiopoda (Nielsen, 2002; Integrative and Comparative Biology 42(3):685-691; doi:10.1093/icb/42.3.685 ) - agin Lophophorata on morphological grounds
• Defining phyla: morphological and molecular clues to metazoan evolution (Nielsen; 2003; Evolution & Development)
• Phylogenomic analyses of lophophorates (brachiopods, phoronids and bryozoans) confirm the Lophotrochozoa concept (Helmkampf et al; 2008; Proc. R. Soc. B)
• The first comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Bryozoa (Ectoprocta) based on combined analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial genes (Fuchs et al; 2009; Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution)
• First molecular estimate of cyclostome bryozoan phylogeny confirms extensive homoplasy among skeletal characters used in traditional taxonomy (Waeschenbach; July 2009!; Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution)
• Phylogenetic relationships of freshwater bryozoans (Ectoprocta, Phylactolaemata) inferred from mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences (Okuyama et al;2006; Zoologica Scripta)
• Summarizing discussion looks like a ch of a book, poss conf proceedingsl latest cited works are 2007 - useful if can pin down.
• The new view of animal phylogeny (Halanych; 2004; Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.) - good on hist of theories
• Multigene analysis of lophophorate and chaetognath phylogenetic relationships (Helmkampf et al; 2008; Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution)
• Bryozoan studies 2001 (ch "Deconstructing bryozoans ..", pp 93ff; Dewel et al; 2002) - nice statement of phylo problems; "highly derived"
• Convergence in the Feeding Apparatuses of Lophophorates and Pterobranch Hemichordates Revealed by 18S rDNA: An Interpretation (Halanych; 2006; The Biological Bulletin) - Pterobranch's "lophophores" aren't
• mitochondrial genomes (Vallès & Boore; 2006; Integrative and Comparative Biology, Volume 46, Number 4, pp. 544-557) - good descr of phylo history

Images

• Bryozoa -Moss or lace animals the best I saw in Google images
• Bryozoa --Philcha (talk) 21:30, 29 July 2009 (UTC)