Conrad I of Germany: Difference between revisions
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Conrad was elected King of the East Frankish Kingdom on [[November 10]], [[911]], at [[Forchheim (Oberfranken)|Forchheim]] after the death of his uncle, the last East Frankish Carolingian, Louis the Child. |
Conrad was elected King of the East Frankish Kingdom on [[November 10]], [[911]], at [[Forchheim (Oberfranken)|Forchheim]] after the death of his uncle, the last East Frankish Carolingian, Louis the Child. |
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His reign was a continuous and generally unsuccessful struggle to uphold the power of the kingship against the growing power of the dukes of [[Saxony]], [[Bavaria]] and [[Swabia]]. |
His reign was a continuous and generally unsuccessful struggle to uphold the power of the kingship against the growing power of the dukes of [[Saxony]], [[Bavaria]] and [[Swabia]]. One of the most powerful vassals |
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about the king, [[Erchanger, Duke of Swabia|Erchanger]], the Count Palatine, had in 913 raised the |
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standard of revolt. Restored to favour for a short time in consequence |
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of the energetic help he gave to Duke [[Arnulf of Bavaria]]in the struggle with the |
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Hungarians, he lost no time in giving fresh offence to Conrad by |
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attacking one of his most influential counsellors, Solomon, Bishop of |
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Constance, whom he even kept for some days a prisoner. The sentence |
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of banishment pronounced on him in consequence did not prevent him |
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from continuing to keep the field with the help of his brother Berthold |
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and Count Burchard, or from defeating the royal troops next year by |
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Wahlwies near Lake Constance. To get the better of him Conrad was |
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obligerj to have him arrested for treason at the assembly of Hohen Altheim in [[Swabia]]and executed a few weeks later with his brother Berthold |
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(21 January 917). But one of the rebels, Count Burchard, succeeded |
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in maintaining possession of [[Swabia]]. Conrad was hardly more successful |
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with regard to his other great vassals. One of the most powerful, Henry |
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of Saxony, gave signs from the very beginning of the reign of a hostile |
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temper1 towards the new sovereign which manifested itself in 915 by an |
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open rebellion, marked by the defeat of the expeditions led against the |
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rebel by the Margrave Everard, brother of Conrad, and by the king himself. |
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In Bavaria, Duke [[Arnulf of Bavaria]]had also revolted in 914. Temporarily |
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worsted, and obliged to take refuge with his former foes, the Hungarians, |
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he had re-appeared next year in his duchy. He was forced to submit |
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and to surrender Ratisbon, but he took up the struggle afresh a little |
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later (917) and again became master of the whole of Bavaria. His military campaigns were failures, and his attempt to mobilize the bishops to his cause at the synod of [[Hohenaltheim]] (916) was not enough to compensate. Conrad died on [[December 23]], [[918]] at [[Weilburg]]. He is buried at [[Fulda]]. |
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On his deathbed, he persuaded his brother, [[Eberhard III of Franconia|Margrave Eberhard of Franconia]], to offer the crown to [[Henry the Fowler]], duke of Saxony and one of his principal opponents, since he considered Henry to be the only prince capable of holding the Kingdom together in the face of internal rivalries among the dukes and the continuous raids of the [[Hungarians]]. Eberhard and the other Frankish nobles accepted Conrad's advice, and Henry was elected king, as Henry I, at the [[Holy Roman Empire|Reichstag]] of 919 in [[Fritzlar]]. |
On his deathbed, he persuaded his brother, [[Eberhard III of Franconia|Margrave Eberhard of Franconia]], to offer the crown to [[Henry the Fowler]], duke of Saxony and one of his principal opponents, since he considered Henry to be the only prince capable of holding the Kingdom together in the face of internal rivalries among the dukes and the continuous raids of the [[Hungarians]]. Eberhard and the other Frankish nobles accepted Conrad's advice, and Henry was elected king, as Henry I, at the [[Holy Roman Empire|Reichstag]] of 919 in [[Fritzlar]]. |
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Revision as of 09:19, 7 October 2009
| Conrad I | |
|---|---|
| King of the Germans, Duke of Franconia | |
 | |
| Reign | 10 November 911 – 23 December 918 |
| Predecessor | Louis the Child |
| Successor | Henry the Fowler |
| Burial | |
| Consort | Cunigunde of Swabia |
| House | Conradine dynasty |
| Father | Conrad, Duke of Thuringia |
| Mother | Glismut |
Conrad I (German: Konrad, c. 890–December 23 918), called the Younger, was duke of Franconia from 906 and king of Germany from 911 to 918, the only king of the Conradine (or Franconian) dynasty. Though Conrad never used the title "king of Germany" (rex Teutonicorum), he was the king of East Francia as the elected successor of the Carolingian Louis the Child and this kingdom evolved into Germany in the following century.
Conrad was the son of Conrad, Duke of Thuringia, and Glismut, daughter of Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia. The Conradines, counts in the Lahn region, and the Babenbergs, counts in the Main area, competed vigorously for predominance in Franconia. In 906, they battled each other near Fritzlar. Conrad the Elder was killed, as were two of the three Babenberg brothers; the third was executed shortly thereafter, despite a promise of safe conduct by archbishop Hatto I of Mainz, the Kingdom's chancellor. Conrad the Younger became Duke of Franconia after this.
Conrad married the sister of the Swabian count Erchanger to patch up relations in 913. Cunigunda, widow of Liutpold and mother of Duke Arnulf of Bavaria, gave him two children: Cunigunda and Herman, both born in 913.
Conrad was elected King of the East Frankish Kingdom on November 10, 911, at Forchheim after the death of his uncle, the last East Frankish Carolingian, Louis the Child.
His reign was a continuous and generally unsuccessful struggle to uphold the power of the kingship against the growing power of the dukes of Saxony, Bavaria and Swabia. One of the most powerful vassals about the king, Erchanger, the Count Palatine, had in 913 raised the standard of revolt. Restored to favour for a short time in consequence of the energetic help he gave to Duke Arnulf of Bavariain the struggle with the Hungarians, he lost no time in giving fresh offence to Conrad by attacking one of his most influential counsellors, Solomon, Bishop of Constance, whom he even kept for some days a prisoner. The sentence of banishment pronounced on him in consequence did not prevent him from continuing to keep the field with the help of his brother Berthold and Count Burchard, or from defeating the royal troops next year by Wahlwies near Lake Constance. To get the better of him Conrad was obligerj to have him arrested for treason at the assembly of Hohen Altheim in Swabiaand executed a few weeks later with his brother Berthold (21 January 917). But one of the rebels, Count Burchard, succeeded in maintaining possession of Swabia. Conrad was hardly more successful with regard to his other great vassals. One of the most powerful, Henry of Saxony, gave signs from the very beginning of the reign of a hostile temper1 towards the new sovereign which manifested itself in 915 by an open rebellion, marked by the defeat of the expeditions led against the rebel by the Margrave Everard, brother of Conrad, and by the king himself. In Bavaria, Duke Arnulf of Bavariahad also revolted in 914. Temporarily worsted, and obliged to take refuge with his former foes, the Hungarians, he had re-appeared next year in his duchy. He was forced to submit and to surrender Ratisbon, but he took up the struggle afresh a little later (917) and again became master of the whole of Bavaria. His military campaigns were failures, and his attempt to mobilize the bishops to his cause at the synod of Hohenaltheim (916) was not enough to compensate. Conrad died on December 23, 918 at Weilburg. He is buried at Fulda.
On his deathbed, he persuaded his brother, Margrave Eberhard of Franconia, to offer the crown to Henry the Fowler, duke of Saxony and one of his principal opponents, since he considered Henry to be the only prince capable of holding the Kingdom together in the face of internal rivalries among the dukes and the continuous raids of the Hungarians. Eberhard and the other Frankish nobles accepted Conrad's advice, and Henry was elected king, as Henry I, at the Reichstag of 919 in Fritzlar.
Eberhard succeeded Conrad as duke of Franconia. He was killed in 939 at the Battle of Andernach during his rebellion against Emperor Otto I, and the duchy of Franconia became a direct Imperial possession from 939 to 1024.
See also
- Kings of Germany family tree. He was related to every other king of Germany.