Takayasu's arteritis: Difference between revisions
m Undid revision 320321435 by 68.146.43.65 (talk) |
m →History: typo |
||
| Line 21: | Line 21: | ||
==History== |
==History== |
||
The first case of Takayasu’s arteritis was described in 1908 by Dr. [[Mikito Takayasu]] at the Annual Meeting of the Japan Ophthalmology Society.<ref>{{WhoNamedIt|synd|2722}}</ref><ref>M. Takayasu. A case with peculiar changes of the central retinal vessels. Acta Societatis ophthalmologicae Japonicae, Tokyo 1908, 12: 554.</ref> Dr. Takayasu described a peculiar "wreathlike" appearance of [[blood vessel]]s in the back of the eye ([[retina]]). Two [[Japan]]ese colleagues at the same meeting (Dr. Onishi and Dr. Kagoshima) reported similar eye findings in patients whose [[Pulse|wrist pulse]]s were absent. It is now known that the blood vessel malformations that occur in the retina are a response ([[angiogenesis|new blood vessel growth]]) to arterial narrowings in the neck, and that the absence of pulses noted in some patients occur because of narrowings of blood vessels to the arms. The eye findings described by Takayasu are rarely seen in patients from [[North America]] and British |
The first case of Takayasu’s arteritis was described in 1908 by Dr. [[Mikito Takayasu]] at the Annual Meeting of the Japan Ophthalmology Society.<ref>{{WhoNamedIt|synd|2722}}</ref><ref>M. Takayasu. A case with peculiar changes of the central retinal vessels. Acta Societatis ophthalmologicae Japonicae, Tokyo 1908, 12: 554.</ref> Dr. Takayasu described a peculiar "wreathlike" appearance of [[blood vessel]]s in the back of the eye ([[retina]]). Two [[Japan]]ese colleagues at the same meeting (Dr. Onishi and Dr. Kagoshima) reported similar eye findings in patients whose [[Pulse|wrist pulse]]s were absent. It is now known that the blood vessel malformations that occur in the retina are a response ([[angiogenesis|new blood vessel growth]]) to arterial narrowings in the neck, and that the absence of pulses noted in some patients occur because of narrowings of blood vessels to the arms. The eye findings described by Takayasu are rarely seen in patients from [[North America]] and British Columbia. |
||
==Pathophysiology== |
==Pathophysiology== |
||
Revision as of 05:15, 20 October 2009
| Takayasu's arteritis | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Immunology, rheumatology  |
Takayasu's arteritis (also known as "Aortic arch syndrome," and "Pulseless disease"[1]: 841 ) is an inflammatory disease with an unknown cause. It affects the aorta, the main blood vessel from the heart, as well as the blood vessels that attach to it. Although it has been reported worldwide, it is more common in young Asian women. Females are about 8-9 times more likely to get it than males.[2] People usually get the disease between 15 and 30 years of age. In the Western world, atherosclerosis is a more frequent cause of obstruction of the aortic arch vessels than is Takayasu's arteritis.
It is also known as "Pulseless disease" because pulses on the upper extremities, such as the wrist pulse, may not be able to be felt.
History
The first case of Takayasu’s arteritis was described in 1908 by Dr. Mikito Takayasu at the Annual Meeting of the Japan Ophthalmology Society.[3][4] Dr. Takayasu described a peculiar "wreathlike" appearance of blood vessels in the back of the eye (retina). Two Japanese colleagues at the same meeting (Dr. Onishi and Dr. Kagoshima) reported similar eye findings in patients whose wrist pulses were absent. It is now known that the blood vessel malformations that occur in the retina are a response (new blood vessel growth) to arterial narrowings in the neck, and that the absence of pulses noted in some patients occur because of narrowings of blood vessels to the arms. The eye findings described by Takayasu are rarely seen in patients from North America and British Columbia.
Pathophysiology
Although its etiology is unknown, the condition is characterized by segmental and patchy granulomatous inflammation of the aorta and major derivative branches. This inflammation leads to arterial stenosis, thrombosis, and aneurysms. [2]
Symptoms
About half of all patients develop an initial systemic illness with symptoms of malaise, fever, night sweats, weight loss, arthralgia, and fatigue. There is often an anemia and marked elevation of the ESR. This phase gradually subsides and is followed by a more chronic stage characterized by inflammatory and obliterative changes in the aorta and its branches. The other half of patients with Takayasu's arteritis present with only late vascular changes, without an antecedent systemic illness. In the late stage, weakness of the arterial walls may give rise to localized aneurysms. Raynaud's phenomenon is commonly found in this disease.
Treatments
The great majority of patients with Takayasu’s arteritis respond to prednisone. The usual starting dose is approximately 1 milligram per kilogram of body weight per day (for most people, this is approximately 60 milligrams a day). Because of the significant side effects of long-term high–dose prednisone use, the starting dose is tapered over several weeks to a dose that the physician feels is tolerable for the patient.
References
- ^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
{{cite book}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Takayasu Arteritis - Pediatrics at eMedicine
- ^ synd/2722 at Who Named It?
- ^ M. Takayasu. A case with peculiar changes of the central retinal vessels. Acta Societatis ophthalmologicae Japonicae, Tokyo 1908, 12: 554.
External links
- Johns Hopkins Vasculitis Center Discusses Takayasu's Arteritis
- Takayasu's Arteritis Research Association
- 00389 at CHORUS
- . GPnotebook https://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/simplepage.cfm?ID=-362086386.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help)