Michael Larson: Difference between revisions
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==Preparations== |
==Preparations== |
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Michael Larson was an unemployed ice cream truck driver from [[Lebanon, Ohio]], who lived an eventful but downtrodden life. He was married three times, the third by common law, and had little to do during the autumn of 1983 when ice cream wasn't selling well. So he watched a lot of television, especially game shows. One such show was ''[[Press Your Luck]]'', which had premiered on [[CBS]] earlier in September. |
Michael Larson was an unemployed ice cream truck driver from [[Lebanon, Ohio]], who lived an eventful but downtrodden life. He was married three times, the third by [[Common-law_marriage|common law]], and had little to do during the autumn of 1983 when ice cream wasn't selling well. So he watched a lot of television, especially game shows. One such show was ''[[Press Your Luck]]'', which had premiered on [[CBS]] earlier in September. |
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As he watched the show, he noticed that the light pattern used for the 18-square "Big Board" on ''Press Your Luck'', did not flash randomly, but in a pattern. In fact, Larson discovered that only five such pre-programmed patterns determined the movements of the spinner used to award money on the show. By using a [[VCR]] to pause a recorded episode of the game, he proceeded frame by frame to learn the patterns. Armed with this knowledge, he found that it would be theoretically possible to hit squares containing money indefinitely. |
As he watched the show, he noticed that the light pattern used for the 18-square "Big Board" on ''Press Your Luck'', did not flash randomly, but in a pattern. In fact, Larson discovered that only five such pre-programmed patterns determined the movements of the spinner used to award money on the show. By using a [[VCR]] to pause a recorded episode of the game, he proceeded frame by frame to learn the patterns. Armed with this knowledge, he found that it would be theoretically possible to hit squares containing money indefinitely. |
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Revision as of 14:50, 19 September 2010
 | This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. (September 2010) |
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Michael Larson | |
|---|---|
| File:Michael Larson on Press Your Luck.jpg | |
| Born | May 10, 1949 |
| Died | February 16, 1999 (aged 49) |
Paul Michael Larson[1] (May 10, 1949 – February 16, 1999) was a contestant on the American television game show Press Your Luck in June 1984. Larson's claim to fame was his winning US$110,237 (2010 value: $230,000) in cash and prizes, which he was able to do by memorizing the patterns used on the Press Your Luck game board.
Preparations
Michael Larson was an unemployed ice cream truck driver from Lebanon, Ohio, who lived an eventful but downtrodden life. He was married three times, the third by common law, and had little to do during the autumn of 1983 when ice cream wasn't selling well. So he watched a lot of television, especially game shows. One such show was Press Your Luck, which had premiered on CBS earlier in September.
As he watched the show, he noticed that the light pattern used for the 18-square "Big Board" on Press Your Luck, did not flash randomly, but in a pattern. In fact, Larson discovered that only five such pre-programmed patterns determined the movements of the spinner used to award money on the show. By using a VCR to pause a recorded episode of the game, he proceeded frame by frame to learn the patterns. Armed with this knowledge, he found that it would be theoretically possible to hit squares containing money indefinitely.
Two of the eighteen squares on the game board (usually referred to as 4 and 8, with Square 1 being in the upper-left corner) always contained cash in Round 1 (Square 4 held $1,000, $1,250 and $1,500, while Square 8 held $300, $450 and $550), as well as cash and an extra spin in Round 2 (Square 4 held $3,000 + ONE SPIN, $4,000 + ONE SPIN, and $5,000 + ONE SPIN, while Square 8 held $500 + ONE SPIN, $750 + ONE SPIN, and $1,000 + ONE SPIN). These squares never contained the "Whammy", the character on the show who takes away all cash and prizes a contestant has earned. Therefore, Larson reasoned, if he used his knowledge of the board patterns to stop on only squares 4 and 8, he could play on indefinitely and never lose his prize money.
Larson arrived in Hollywood for an audition on Press Your Luck, having virtually no money to his name and using most of what he had to buy a 65-cent thrift store jacket and make the trip. In his tryout interview, he described himself as unemployed, and an ice cream truck driver during the summer season. The program's executive producer Bill Carruthers and contestant supervisor Bobby Edwards discussed whether to have him on the show after his tryout interview; Edwards was suspicious of Larson and his reasons for trying out, but Carruthers was not. The final decision was to let Larson on the show, so Michael was booked for the show and later chosen for the fourth taping of the day, intended as a Friday episode.[1]
While waiting, he met Ed Long, a Baptist preacher chosen to play on the third taping. They struck up a conversation. When it was Ed's turn to go on, Michael said to him, "I hope we don't have to face each other on the show." But Ed won $11,516 in his game and so Michael would have to go against him as well as a dental assistant named Janie Litras,[1] who claimed that she saw a "creepy look" in his eyes.
The game
Round 1
Before the start of the game, host Peter Tomarken made a prophetic comment, "We're going to have Big Bucks today; I can feel it." Then as he was learning about each player, he referenced the idea of overdosing on ice cream (a reference to Larson's occupation) with another prognostic statement, "Hopefully you won't O.D. on money, Michael."
As always, the game began with a question round in which players answered questions in order to earn spins for the Big Board. Larson's memorization of the Big Board patterns could not help him here, and he seemed to struggle early on. On the second question, when asked "You've probably got President Franklin D. Roosevelt in your pocket or purse right now, because his likeness is on the head side–", Larson buzzed in early at this point, and answered "Fifty-dollar bill". The rest of the question was "of what American coin?", and the answer was the dime (Ulysses S. Grant is on the $50 bill). Perhaps rattled by this wild answer (and by Tomarken's comment about his early buzz), Larson did not even try to buzz in for the remaining two questions. Litras dominated this question round, and Larson finished in last place with only three spins, behind Long's four and Litras's ten.
The game then entered the first Big Board round, where Larson could put his preparation to good use. On his first two spins, Larson kept up a stream of verbal patter as contestants were encouraged to do. On his first spin, he stopped the board at a point one shuffle too early for one of the patterns he would use later, and he hit a "Whammy". (In that particular pattern, the cursor would go across the board next to the center of the right side. It is also possible that Michael mixed up this sequence with a different one; see below.) With his remaining two spins, he switched to his pattern play and began his winning streak, landing on the second-highest dollar value of $1,250 each time for a total of $2,500. But he was out of spins, and Long and Litras managed to take their fourteen (actually fifteen, since Long hit $500 + ONE SPIN on his third spin) spins without a "Whammy". Larson finished this round in last place – normally a very disadvantageous position – behind Ed's $4,080 and Janie's $4,608.
Round 2
By the second question round, Larson seemed to have regained some of his confidence, and he gave two correct buzz-in answers, finishing this round with seven spins; Long earned only two spins, and Litras only three.
In the second and final Big Board round, Larson's demeanor and behavior changed dramatically. He was completely silent during spins, concentrating carefully, and leaving Tomarken to fill the silence with increasingly-amazed chatter. Ed Long would later describe Larson as "in a trance".[1] This was extremely unusual for a Press Your Luck contestant.
Early on in the second round, perhaps due to nerves or inexperience, Larson's pattern play was irregular. On four of his first eleven spins, Larson stopped the board at a point not called for by his patterns – but luckily avoided the Whammy all four times, instead hitting a trip to Kauai (worth $1,636), $700 + ONE SPIN, PICK A CORNER (where he selected $2,250 while rejecting $2,000 and $1,500 + ONE SPIN), and a sailboat (worth $1,015). Then his play became deadly accurate. A player stopping the Press Your Luck board randomly would expect to hit a Whammy approximately once every six spins. By contrast, in this second round alone, Larson took over forty spins without a Whammy. On thirty-one consecutive spins his pattern play was perfect, and he consistently landed on the two "safe spots" that always awarded money and a spin. Tomarken and the other contestants were increasingly amazed as Larson pressed on and on, never coming near a Whammy, never even using up one of his remaining four spins.
Right before Larson reached the $80,000 mark, he and Tomarken had this discussion:
Tomarken: Seventy-nine thousand, three five one...Michael, you can't get rid of the four spins! You can't sell those spins!
Larson: I don't wanna give 'em away!
Tomarken: You don't wanna give 'em away? You've got $75,000 more than Jane!
Larson kept going, eventually doing what no other contestant in the show's run did – score over $100,000. When Larson reached this mark (specifically $102,851), he passed his remaining four spins and received a standing ovation from the studio audience. Long, who took the next spin, immediately hit a Whammy, leading Tomarken to wonder aloud if Larson knew it was coming. Long then hit $5,000 + ONE SPIN twice, bringing him to $10,000. Tomarken exclaimed, "What is goin' on!?" Ed pressed on, hit another Whammy, and lost the money.
Litras, who had received the four passed spins from Larson, hit a Whammy with her first spin as well. Then, in five successful spins, she built her total back to $9,385, and passed her three remaining spins back to Larson. Larson dealt with the first two spins correctly, hitting $4,000 + ONE SPIN and $750 + ONE SPIN. But he miscalculated on the last one, stopping the board one space too early, just as the space he landed on was switching from $700 + ONE SPIN to a Bahamas Trip (worth $2,636). The space he stopped on also contained a Whammy; Larson had come dangerously close to losing $107,000.
With his total now at $110,237, and with Tomarken joking that he could now buy the Bahamas, Larson could now legally pass once again, and he quickly did so. Litras took both spins safely, but earned no spins that she could pass back to Larson. Her last desperate spin ended with her landing on a Mexican Cruise in Square #15, and no Mexican Cruise offered on the show was worth more than $4,100. Thus the game was over, and Michael had won $110,237 ($104,950 in cash).
At the end of the show, Tomarken asked Larson why he did not pass his spins (like most contestants in his situation did) after he built up such an insurmountable lead. Larson sidestepped talking about the way he really won the game by answering, "Well, two things: One, it felt right. And second was, I still had seven spins and if I passed them, somebody could've done what I did."
Aftermath
While Larson was running up the score, the producers contacted Michael Brockman, head of CBS' daytime programming department. In a 1994 TV Guide interview commemorating the Larson Sweep, conducted at the time the movie Quiz Show was released, he recalled "Something was very wrong. Here was this guy from nowhere, and he was hitting the bonus box every time. It was bedlam, I can tell you. And we couldn't stop this guy. He kept going around the board and hitting that box."
The program's producers and Brockman met to review the videotape. They noticed that Larson immediately celebrated after many of his spins, instead of waiting the fraction of a second that it would normally take for a player to see and respond to the space he had stopped on (effectively showing that he knew beforehand that he was going to get something good). It was also noticed that Larson had an unusual reaction to his early prize of a Kauai trip, which was out of his pattern – he initially looked puzzled, smiling and clapping after a pause.[1]
CBS initially refused to pay Larson, considering him a cheater. Brockman and the producers could not find a clause with which to disqualify him, however, and the network complied.[1] Because he had surpassed the CBS winnings cap (at the time) of $25,000, he was not allowed to return for the next show. CBS later raised, and has since eliminated, the winnings cap.
Later years
Part of Larson's winnings went to taxes and another part was invested in real estate, with the remainder placed into Larson's bank account. The real-estate deal turned out to be a fraudulent ponzi scheme and Larson lost his investment entirely.[1] Larson then learned about a get-rich-quick scheme involving matching a $1 bill's serial number with a random number read out on a local radio game show in November 1984, which promised a $30,000 jackpot (NBC's game show Sale of the Century ran an identical contest during this same time frame; it is thought by some that this is what Larson actually participated in). Larson withdrew his remaining winnings in $1 bills daily in hopes of winning the contest, then examine each dollar carefully and, upon discovering that he did not have the winning number, would place all the money back in his account, only to withdraw it again the next day and repeat the process all over again. Larson's wife at the time, Teresa Dinwitty, stated that this obsession consumed him.[1]
At one point, Larson and Dinwitty left to attend a Christmas party, leaving approximately $40,000 in bagged $1 bills in the house. Upon returning, they found that the house had been broken into, and the money stolen.[1] Larson angrily accused Dinwitty of some involvement; Dinwitty, already angered with Larson's antics, promptly left him.[1]
Having lost most of his money, Larson called the producers of Press Your Luck and suggested they allow him on the program for a Tournament of Champions, but the producers turned it down.[2]
Final years and death
In 1994, the film Quiz Show was released. As part of the renewed discussion that the film generated on game show scandals, Larson appeared on ABC's Good Morning America. By this time, Larson had been diagnosed with throat cancer, and his voice was noticeably weakened.[1]
Shortly thereafter, Larson got involved with an illegal scheme to sell part of a nationwide lottery. As a result, Larson went on the run, leaving Ohio. His family was contacted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the Internal Revenue Service, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, but none knew his whereabouts.[1]
Larson died of throat cancer on February 16, 1999, in Apopka, Florida. Only after his death did his family find out where he had been living.[1]
Broadcast of the Larson game
Larson's appearance on Press Your Luck was split into two episodes due to its exceptional running time and aired only once during the original run of the series on June 8 and 11, 1984. CBS then suppressed them for 19 years,[3] as both the network and Carruthers at that time considered the incident to be one of their biggest embarrassments.[3] When USA Network (and later Game Show Network) bought the rights to rerun Press Your Luck, CBS and Carruthers insisted that the Larson episodes must not be aired. USA took this a step further, not airing any episodes of the first Home Player Sweepstakes the episodes landed in.
On March 16, 2003, GSN was allowed to air clips from the episodes as part of a two-hour documentary called Big Bucks: The Press Your Luck Scandal. The documentary was produced by and aired on GSN (in association with Lionsgate and FremantleMedia), and was hosted and narrated by Press Your Luck host Peter Tomarken. The original telecast was dedicated to the memory of Bill Carruthers, producer/creator of Press Your Luck, who had died before the airing. He was also interviewed for the special, and it was his final television appearance.
The documentary featured interviews with the program's producers, Larson's family, and the two contestants who lost to Larson that day, both of whom were allowed to try their hand at duplicating Larson's trick on a recreation of the original Big Board. The board replica used only one of the patterns that Larson had memorized, and Tomarken pointed out exactly what it was. Janie Litras (now Janie Litras-Dakan) was able to stop the board at Square #4 only twice; Ed Long's play was edited for entertainment purposes, and it isn't clear how long he lasts.[1]
As part of the commemoration, Larson's opponents from 1984 were invited back to be contestants on Whammy! The All-New Press Your Luck playing against Larson's brother, James, with Tomarken returning to host the Question Round. Despite the fact that the board was now more random, and there was no way either Larson could have pulled off the same trick, Long and Litras-Dakan still lost. In fact, when James Larson hit the Big Bank space on his first spin of Round 1, Long proceeded to joke with host Todd Newton that he had seen this before. At one point, when she hit a hot streak to put herself in first place, Litras-Dakan joked "I'm a Larson!"
James Larson also imitated his brother during Round 1 with his "go on" gesture (hand in the air, pointing repeatedly at the board, or revolving both his arms), and his silent demeanor, only yelling "STOP!"
On June 8, 2006, exactly 22 years from their first run, clips from the Larson episodes were shown once again on CBS itself as part of a retrospective aired at the beginning of the Press Your Luck episode of Gameshow Marathon; even the line by Tomarken to Michael – "How does it feel to be part-owner of CBS?" – was included.
The two Larson episodes finally aired in their entirety on GSN in late 2003 and were shown in regular rotation and on special occasions until the network ceased showing Press Your Luck in March 2009. However, the Big Bucks documentary included additional footage, directly from the original master tapes, that had been edited out of the episodes for their initial broadcast – consequently, this additional footage was not seen when the episodes ran in GSN's regular rotation.
On August 16, 2006, as part of GSN's 50 Greatest Game Shows of All Time series, Press Your Luck was ranked #13; the two Larson episodes were shown back-to-back.
On January 31, 2007, TV Land broadcast TV Shows Myths and Legends, which featured the Larson episodes with commentary from his brother, the past contestants, and Penn and Teller.
Michael Larson's performance on Press Your Luck was featured in a July 2010 broadcast of This American Life.
Larson's Press Your Luck appearance statistics
Cash and prizes earned
- $104,950 in cash
- 1 sailboat worth $1,015
- 1 trip to Kauai worth $1,636
- 1 trip to the Bahamas worth $2,636
Larson's spin list
Round One
| Spin | Landed On | Total | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whammy (#17) | $0 | Hit early. The very next sequence would have put him in the safe spot (#8). |
| 2 | $1,250 (#4) | $1,250 | |
| 3 | $1,250 (#4) | $2,500 |
Round Two
| Spin | Landed On | Total | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $6,500 | Larson forgot to yell "STOP!" as most contestants did, and Tomarken reminded him to do so. |
| 2 | $5,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $11,500 | |
| 3 | $1,000 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $12,500 | |
| 4 | Trip to Kauai worth $1,636 (#7) | $14,136 | Larson stopped the board one space early, but missed the Whammy in this space. |
| 5 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $18,136 | |
| 6 | $500 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $18,636 | |
| 7 | $700 + ONE SPIN (#17) | $19,336 | Larson again stopped the board one space early, and again missed the Whammy in this space. |
| 8 | $1,000 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $20,336 | Thanks to the "Home Viewer Spin" contest the show had scheduled to end on June 8, a random home viewer (Michael Landry of Jeanerette, Louisiana) won $1,000 as well. |
| 9 | $750 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $21,086 | |
| 10 | $5,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $26,086 | |
| 11 | PICK A CORNER ($2,250) (#6)/(#1) | $28,336 | Larson stopped the board well after his pattern suggested to, aiming for #8 but landing one square late. He was offered a choice of $2,250 (#1), $2,000 (#10), or $1,500 + ONE SPIN (#15) – and without missing a beat took the $2,250. |
| 12 | Sailboat worth $1,015 (#7) | $29,351 | Larson again stopped the board one space early, and again missed the Whammy in this space. |
| 13 | $3,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $32,351 | Larson's string of perfect-pattern play finally began. |
| 14 | $500 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $32,851 | |
| 15 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $36,851 | Part 1 of the episode ended here. |
| 16 | $750 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $37,601 | Part 2 of the episode started here. |
| 17 | $3,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $40,601 | |
| 18 | $1,000 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $42,601 | The scoreboard operator mistakenly gave Larson $2,000; and nobody caught the error. |
| 19 | $1,000 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $43,601 | |
| 20 | $1,000 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $44,601 | |
| 21 | $3,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $47,601 | |
| 22 | $750 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $48,351 | |
| 23 | $3,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $51,351 | |
| 24 | $500 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $51,851 | |
| 25 | $500 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $52,351 | Board began to go out of sync with this spin. |
| 26 | $500 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $52,851 | |
| 27 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $56,851 | |
| 28 | $5,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $61,851 | |
| 29 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $65,851 | |
| 30 | $5,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $70,851 | |
| 31 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $74,851 | |
| 32 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $78,851 | |
| 33 | $500 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $79,351 | |
| 34 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $83,351 | |
| 35 | $3,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $86,351 | |
| 36 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $90,351 | |
| 37 | $500 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $90,851 | |
| 38 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $94,851 | |
| 39 | $5,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $99,851 | |
| 40 | $3,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $102,851 | The scoreboard, which could only display six characters, simply took out the dollar sign. Larson then passed his remaining spins. |
| 41 | $4,000 + ONE SPIN (#4) | $106,851 | First of three spins passed back to Larson, which he had to take. |
| 42 | $750 + ONE SPIN (#8) | $107,601 | |
| 43 | Trip to the Bahamas worth $2,636 (#17) | $110,237 | Larson finally made another mistake, stopping the board too early but luckily avoiding a Whammy; he then passed his remaining spins. This $110,237 would be Larson's final total. |
Big Board configuration
This was the Round 2 board configuration in use at the time Larson made his appearance. Each square is numbered #1-18, starting in the upper-left-hand corner and working clockwise. Larson attempted to stop the board in Square #4 (containing $3000 + ONE SPIN, $4000 + ONE SPIN, and $5000 + ONE SPIN) and in Square #8 (containing $500 + ONE SPIN, $750 + ONE SPIN, and $1000 + ONE SPIN). The slide labeled "PAC" in Square #6 stands for "Pick A Corner".
Board patterns
At the time Larson made his appearance, there were only five sequences in which the squares could be highlighted. In each sequence, each of the 18 spaces lights up exactly once. When a given sequence completed, the mainframe running the game board would immediately pick and begin another sequence. Larson would wait until Square 2 lit up, then see which lit up next to determine which pattern the board was following. Squares 4 and 8 were Larson's target "safe" spaces, which never had a Whammy and which always had money and a spin in Round 2. The patterns were as follows (numbering of slide squares in clockwise motion, starting with the top left hand slide square):
- 3, 16, 13, 10, 18, 8, 6, 14, 7, 5, 15, 11, 17, 2, 12, 1, 9, 4
- 5, 18, 11, 13, 3, 6, 15, 7, 1, 9, 14, 16, 10, 2, 4, 12, 17, 8 (Larson didn't use this pattern)
- 11, 6, 10, 12, 1, 4, 14, 16, 2, 9, 17, 8, 13, 15, 3, 7, 18, 5
- 17, 10, 15, 13, 2, 8, 18, 16, 12, 3, 5, 11, 7, 4, 1, 9, 14, 6
- 18, 16, 10, 5, 11, 9, 2, 13, 17, 7, 4, 15, 12, 8, 6, 3, 1, 14
Larson would attempt to stop the board on the "safe" space shown in bold. (Sometimes Larson would fail to react to the first board pattern during a given spin, instead waiting for a different pattern to show up.) Larson never stopped the board when the second listed pattern came up; he always waited for a different pattern.
On three different occasions during the game, Michael would stop the board during the third listed pattern on space #17, one space before his intended target of #8. The documentary states that Michael mistimed his spin. However, another theory exists that Michael had in fact mixed up the third listed pattern (containing the number string of 2-9-17) with the first pattern (containing the number string 1-9-4). As spaces 1 and 2 are next to each other, and both bounced to space 9 next, it is believed that he may have misread the cursor. This would suggest that Michael's timing was actually correct, as he made the motion to stop the board when he saw space 9 light up, but he incorrectly identified which pattern he was viewing at the time.
The episode offers a good look at how the board operates when it goes out of sync, beginning with Michael's 29th spin. Half the slides change a split-second before the others, and if the situation does not correct itself, the slide projectors will work increasingly out of sync until finally half of them are changing exactly one second before the others, as was the case when Ed Long finally took his first spin of Round 2.
After Larson's appearance, the board was reprogrammed with five "emergency" patterns to prevent anyone from duplicating Larson's feat. After about a month, these patterns were replaced by five new patterns. By August, a software upgrade resulted in the board having 32 patterns that lasted until the show's cancellation in 1986.
Incidentally, contestant coordinators noted that there were other would-be contestants who had also memorized the original patterns. Indeed, Larson's comment of "Somebody could have done what I did" was true.
See also
References
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2008) |
External links
- "Michael Larson: Game Show Legend". gscentral.net. Retrieved July 18, 2010.
- "The Day the Game Show Got Whammied". TV Guide. 1994. Retrieved July 18, 2010.
- Big Bucks: The Press Your Luck Scandal at IMDb
- "Press Your Luck". Snopes.com. 8 August 2007. Retrieved July 18, 2010.
- "Tribute: Best Week Ever (for guys with beards)". www.snarkyhumor.com. September 30, 2009. Retrieved July 18, 2010.
- "412: Million Dollar Idea". This American Life. July 16, 2010. Retrieved July 18, 2010.