Tianhe-1: Difference between revisions
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| ChartDate = June 2010 (Tianhe-1A)<br />TOP500: 7, June 2010 (Tianhe-1) |
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| Purpose = [[Hydrocarbon exploration|Petroleum exploration]], aircraft simulation |
| Purpose = [[Hydrocarbon exploration|Petroleum exploration]], aircraft simulation |
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Revision as of 23:33, 13 November 2010
| Active | Tianhe-1 Operational 29 October 2009, Tianhe-1A Operational October 28, 2010 |
|---|---|
| Sponsors | National University of Defense Technology |
| Operators | National Supercomputing Center |
| Location | National Supercomputing Center, Tianjin, People's Republic of China |
| Memory | 96 TB (98304 GB) for Tianhe-1, 262TB for Tianhe-1A |
| Speed | Tianhe-1: 563 teraFLOPS (max), Tianhe-1A: 2.507 petaFLOPS (max) |
| Ranking | TOP500: 7, June 2010 (Tianhe-1A) TOP500: 7, June 2010 (Tianhe-1) |
| Purpose | Petroleum exploration, aircraft simulation |
| Sources | top500.org |
| Tianhe-1 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 天河一号 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 天河一號 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | "Milky Way No.1" | ||||||
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Tianhe-I, Tianhe-1 or TH-1 (天河一号) (Mandarin pronunciation: [tʰjɛ́nxɤ̌ íxâʊ], pinyin: Tiānhé yīhào), in English, "Milky Way (literally, Sky River) Number One",[1] is a supercomputer capable of over 2½ quadrillion floating point operations per second (see FLOPS). Located at the National Supercomputing Center in Tianjin, China, it is one of the few petaFLOPS-level supercomputers in the world.[2][3]
In October 2010, an upgraded version of the machine (Tianhe-1A) overtook ORNL's Jaguar to become the world's fastest supercomputer, with a peak computing rate of 2.507 petaFLOPS.[4]
Both the original Tianhe-1 and Tianhe-1A use a Linux-based operating system.[5][6]
Background
Tianhe-1
Tianhe-1 was developed by the Chinese National University of Defense Technology (NUDT) in Changsha, Hunan. It was first revealed to the public on 29 October 2009, and was immediately ranked as the world's fifth fastest supercomputer in the TOP500 list released at the 2009 Supercomputing Conference (SC09) held in Portland, Oregon, on 16 November 2009. Tianhe achieved a speed of 563 teraflops in its first Top 500 test and had a peak performance of 1.2 petaflops. Thus at startup, the system had an efficiency of 46%.[7][8] Originally, Tianhe-1 was powered by 4,096 Intel Xeon E5540 processors and 1,024 Intel Xeon E5450 processors, with 5,120 AMD graphics processing units (GPUs), which were made up of 2,560 dual-GPU ATI Radeon HD 4870 X2 graphics cards.[9][10]
Tianhe-1A
In October 2010, Tianhe-1A, a separate supercomputer, was unveiled at HPC 2010 China.[11] It is now equipped with 14,336 Xeon X5670 processors and 7,168 Nvidia Tesla M2050 general purpose GPUs. 2,048 NUDT FT1000 heterogeneous processors are also installed in the system, but their computing power was not counted into the machine's official Linpack statistics as of October 2010.[12] Tianhe-1A has a theoretical peak performance of 4.701 petaflops.[13] NVIDIA suggests that it would have taken "50,000 CPUs and twice as much floor space to deliver the same performance using CPUs alone." The current heterogeneous system consumes 4.04 megawatts compared to over 12 megawatts had it been built only with CPUs.[14]
The Tianhe-1A system is composed of 112 compute cabinets, 12 storage cabinets, 6 communications cabinets, and 8 I/O cabinets. Each compute cabinet is composed of four frames, with each frame containing eight blades, plus a 16-port switching board. Each blade is composed of two compute nodes, with each compute node containing two Xeon X5670 6-core processors and one Nvidia M2050 GPU processor.[15] The system has 3584 total blades containing 7168 GPUs, and 14,336 CPUs. The total disk storage of the systems is 2 Petabytes implemented as a Lustre clustered file system,[1] and the total memory size of the system is 262 Terabytes.[12]
Another significant reason for the increased performance of the upgraded Tianhe-1A system is the Chinese-designed NUDT custom designed proprietary high-speed interconnect called Arch that runs at 160 Gbps, twice the bandwidth of InfiniBand.[12]
The supercomputer is installed at the National Supercomputing Center, Tianjin, and is used to carry out computations for petroleum exploration and aircraft simulation.[8] It is an "open access" computer meaning it provides services for other countries.[16]
See also
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References
- ^ a b "China takes HPC heavyweight title". October 28, 2010. Cite error: The named reference "TheRegister" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ China’s Defense University builds World Third fastest supercomputer, www.china-defense-mashup.com, 29 October 2009, retrieved 2009-10-29
- ^ "我国首台千万亿次超级计算机研制成功 (China builds its first petaFLOP level supercomputer)" (in Chinese). SINA.com News and XinhuaNet.com News. 2009-10-29. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
- ^ "China claims supercomputer crown". BBC. 29 October 2010. Retrieved 29 October 2010.
- ^ CBC News (2010). "China's supercomputer called world's fastest - Tianhe-1 can make 2,507 trillion calculations per second". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 28 October 2010.
{{cite news}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ srlinuxx (2010). "Nearly every supercomputer runs Linux". Tux Machines. Retrieved 28 October 2010.
{{cite news}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ "China joins supercomputer elite". BBC. 16 November 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
- ^ a b "Two Rival Supercomputers Duke It out for Top Spot". PC World. November 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
- ^ "Most Powerful Supercomputer in the World Powered by the Six-Core AMD Opteron Processor". November 16, 2009.[better source needed]
- ^ "Tianhe-1, China's first Petaflop/s scale supercomputer". Top 500 blog. 2009-11-13.
- ^ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/39519135/ns/business-bloomberg_businessweek/
- ^ a b c "Top100爆冷门 天河一号力压星云再夺魁". October 28, 2010. Cite error: The named reference "Tianhe-1A" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ "China builds world's fastest supercomputer". ZDNet UK. October 29, 2010.
- ^ "NVIDIA Tesla GPUs Power World's Fastest Supercomputer" (Press release). Nvidia. 29 October 2010.[better source needed]
- ^ Personal e-mail from Jack Dongarra of University of Tennesse's "Innovative Computing Laboratory" to contributor.
- ^ "World's fastest supercomputer belongs to China". CNN.com. October 28, 2010.
External links
- "Defense university builds China's fastest supercomputer". Sina English News. 29 October 29 2009.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - "Defense university builds China's fastest supercomputer" (in Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace. Use {{lang-en}} or {{in lang|en}} instead.). Xinhua News Agency. 29 October 2009.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - "China's Defense University builds World Third fastest supercomputer". china-defense-mashup.com. 29 October 2009.
- "China Wrests Supercomputer Title From U.S." The New York Times. 28 October 2010.