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{{Wiktionary|tibla}}
{{Wiktionary|tibla}}
'''Tibla''' (''plural'': '''tiblad''') is an [[ethnic slur]] in [[Estonian language]], which refers to a [[Russian people|Russian]].<ref>[http://www.eki.ee/dict/qs2006/index.cgi?Q=tibla "Tibla"], Estonian Vocabulary (Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2006), [[Institute of the Estonian Language]]</ref> Its severity has been compared to that of ''[[negro]]''.{{Dubious|date=January 2010}}<ref>[http://www.arileht.ee/artikkel/306008 "Tibla kui neeger: Eestit lahutab Euroopast sõna “tibla” kasutamine"] ("Tibla as nigger: Estonia is separated from Europe by the usage of the word 'tibla'"), Ahto Lobjakas, November 25, 2005, ''[[Eesti Päevaleht]]'' {{et icon}}</ref>
'''Tibla''' (''plural'': '''tiblad''') is an [[ethnic slur]] in [[Estonian language]], which refers to a [[Russian people|Russian]] or a [[Homo Sovieticus|Soviet]]<ref>{{cite book |title=Words for understanding ethnic Estonians |last=Roos |first=Aarand |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1994 |publisher=Kommunaalprojekt |location= |isbn= |page=49 |pages= |url= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref>[http://www.eki.ee/dict/qs2006/index.cgi?Q=tibla "Tibla"], Estonian Vocabulary (Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2006), [[Institute of the Estonian Language]]</ref> Its severity has been compared to that of ''[[negro]]''.{{Dubious|date=January 2010}}<ref>[http://www.arileht.ee/artikkel/306008 "Tibla kui neeger: Eestit lahutab Euroopast sõna “tibla” kasutamine"] ("Tibla as nigger: Estonia is separated from Europe by the usage of the word 'tibla'"), Ahto Lobjakas, November 25, 2005, ''[[Eesti Päevaleht]]'' {{et icon}}</ref>


The word originates from the Russian pejorative addressing "ty, blyad" ,"ты, блядь" or "ty, blya" ,"ты, бля" literally meaning "you, [[whore]]" .<ref>Laineste, Liisi [http://www.folklore.ee/Tagused/nr38/laineste.pdf Dysphemisms on the Estonian Internet] (+[http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/getdocument.aspx?logid=5&id=f48fad72-ccd3-4e41-a851-30a6571d7b3b]).&nbsp;— ''[[Mäetagused]]''. Hüperajakiri ("hyperjournal"), No. 38, 2008.&nbsp;— pp. 7-32.{{ee icon}}</ref> An alternative explanation for the origin of the word comes from the Russian builders during [[World War I]], who mostly came to Estonia from [[Vitebsk Region|Vitebsk governorate]]. They were called "''tipski''", which later became "tibla".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.epl.ee/artikkel/227688|title=Jüri Estam: Tibla, neeger ja juut|last=Estam|first=Jüri|date=2003-02-13|work=Eesti Päevaleht|publisher=Eesti Päevalehe AS|language=Estonian|accessdate=14 December 2010}}</ref>
The word originates from the Russian pejorative addressing "ty, blyad" ,"ты, блядь" or "ty, blya" ,"ты, бля" literally meaning "you, [[whore]]" .<ref>Laineste, Liisi [http://www.folklore.ee/Tagused/nr38/laineste.pdf Dysphemisms on the Estonian Internet] (+[http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/getdocument.aspx?logid=5&id=f48fad72-ccd3-4e41-a851-30a6571d7b3b]).&nbsp;— ''[[Mäetagused]]''. Hüperajakiri ("hyperjournal"), No. 38, 2008.&nbsp;— pp. 7-32.{{ee icon}}</ref> An alternative explanation for the origin of the word comes from the Russian builders during [[World War I]], who mostly came to Estonia from [[Vitebsk Region|Vitebsk governorate]]. They were called "''tipski''", which later became "tibla".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.epl.ee/artikkel/227688|title=Jüri Estam: Tibla, neeger ja juut|last=Estam|first=Jüri|date=2003-02-13|work=Eesti Päevaleht|publisher=Eesti Päevalehe AS|language=Estonian|accessdate=14 December 2010}}</ref>

Revision as of 08:41, 29 April 2011

Look up tibla in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Tibla (plural: tiblad) is an ethnic slur in Estonian language, which refers to a Russian or a Soviet[1][2] Its severity has been compared to that of negro.[dubious – discuss][3]

The word originates from the Russian pejorative addressing "ty, blyad" ,"ты, блядь" or "ty, blya" ,"ты, бля" literally meaning "you, whore" .[4] An alternative explanation for the origin of the word comes from the Russian builders during World War I, who mostly came to Estonia from Vitebsk governorate. They were called "tipski", which later became "tibla".[5]

The Estonian Press Council offers an opinion that the term tibla is mostly applied to a Homo Sovieticus kind of person: lacking culture, uneducated, with imperialist worldview.[6]

The word has been actively used in Estonian media since 1990s by a character Ivan Orav created by Andrus Kivirähk. According to Ivan Orav the word "tibla" has nothing to do with Russians but instead are small, pink creatures that first appeared in Estonia in June 1940.[7]

The 2006 European Network Against Racism report mentions the recent use of the word tibla in Estonian-language media as an example of inappropriate language.[8]

Controversies

In 2002, the Estonian Press Council settled the case when the newspaper Eesti Päevaleht printed an advertisement: "Don’t you read the Päevaleht? You must be a tibla then. Be a true Estonian and become the reader."[6]

In 2008 the usage of the word in media caused a controversy, when Estonian TV aired the film Airheads, in which the slur "retards" was translated as "tibla" (a completely different meaning). When confronted, the translator, a well-known linguist, apologised, saying that she was careless.[9]

References

  1. ^ Roos, Aarand (1994). Words for understanding ethnic Estonians. Kommunaalprojekt. p. 49. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  2. ^ "Tibla", Estonian Vocabulary (Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2006), Institute of the Estonian Language
  3. ^ "Tibla kui neeger: Eestit lahutab Euroopast sõna “tibla” kasutamine" ("Tibla as nigger: Estonia is separated from Europe by the usage of the word 'tibla'"), Ahto Lobjakas, November 25, 2005, Eesti Päevaleht Template:Et icon
  4. ^ Laineste, Liisi Dysphemisms on the Estonian Internet (+[1]). — Mäetagused. Hüperajakiri ("hyperjournal"), No. 38, 2008. — pp. 7-32.Template:Ee icon
  5. ^ Estam, Jüri (2003-02-13). "Jüri Estam: Tibla, neeger ja juut". Eesti Päevaleht (in Estonian). Eesti Päevalehe AS. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  6. ^ a b "Sixth Periodic Report" on the Implementation of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination Submitted by the Republic of Estonia under Article 9 of the Convention", 2004
  7. ^ Tiblad are small and pink, epl
  8. ^ "Racism in Estonia", ENAR Shadow Report
  9. ^ Shmelev, M. Strange accent of the local translation." Daily Vesti, 16.09.2008; the reference taken from "Racism in Estonia", ENAR Shadow Report 2008
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