William Lever, 2nd Viscount Leverhulme: Difference between revisions
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==Belgium Congo== |
==Belgium Congo== |
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Lever brothers at first operated in the British Congo |
Lever brothers at first operated in the British Congo where news reports seen back in England showed favourable conditions for locals in the Congo.<ref name="pathe1">[http://www.britishpathe.com/embed.php?archive=72631 Brtish Pathe News, Wealth of the World, 1950]</ref>. By 1911 the company had moved to the [[Belgian Congo]] to take advantage of cheap labour and [[palm oil]] concession and continued to operate there as [[Lever Brothers]], until 1930 when it became [[Unilever]]. The Belgian Congolese were subject to colonial exploitation through a system known as ''travail forcé'', forced labour. |
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In response to civil unrest the company 'demanded more troops, more police and more brutality. When the railway lines around the Congo River rapids were rebuilt between 1923 and 1932 the regime mobilised 68,000 forced labourers of which 7,700 died'.<ref name="leverhulmesghosts">[http://www.socialistreview.org.uk/article.php?articlenumber=10517 Leverhulmes Ghosts, Book Review by Charlie Kimber, September 2008]</ref> Due to involvement with the Belgium Congo there was a stark contrast to how the Leverhulmes are remembered at home in England.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-1245413/Capitalism-soft-centre-How-Victorian-Cadbury-family-todays-fat-cats-shame.html#ixzz16b74aKGo | location=London | work=Daily Mail | first=An | last=Wilson | title=A.N. WILSON: How the Cadbury family of the Victorian age would put today's fat cats to shame | date=25 January 2010}}</ref> |
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==United Reformed Church of St Andrew and St George, Bolton== |
==United Reformed Church of St Andrew and St George, Bolton== |
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Revision as of 20:47, 30 May 2011
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William Hulme Lever, 2nd Viscount Leverhulme,(1888 - 1949).The eldest son of William Hesketh Lever and Elizabeth Ellen ( daughter of Crompton Hulme of Bolton).
He was educated at Eton College and then graduated from Cambridge University in 1913 with a Masters in the Arts.[1] William Hulme Lever spent the earliest years of his life at Thornton Manor, returning to the Manor after his fathers death in and inheriting his fathers estate and title 1925.
Belgium Congo
Lever brothers at first operated in the British Congo where news reports seen back in England showed favourable conditions for locals in the Congo.[2]. By 1911 the company had moved to the Belgian Congo to take advantage of cheap labour and palm oil concession and continued to operate there as Lever Brothers, until 1930 when it became Unilever. The Belgian Congolese were subject to colonial exploitation through a system known as travail forcé, forced labour.
In response to civil unrest the company 'demanded more troops, more police and more brutality. When the railway lines around the Congo River rapids were rebuilt between 1923 and 1932 the regime mobilised 68,000 forced labourers of which 7,700 died'.[3] Due to involvement with the Belgium Congo there was a stark contrast to how the Leverhulmes are remembered at home in England.[4]
United Reformed Church of St Andrew and St George, Bolton
William Hulme Levers parents married at The United Reformed Church of St Andrew and St George, Back Bark Street, Bolton, Lancashire, April 17th 1874. The Church is an amalgamation of Presbertyrian and Congregational Churches, both Non-conformist. In 1936 their son William Hulme Lever paid for many improvements there including a wider chancel with choir stalls, communion table and pulpit. He also arranged for a new floor of marble and the communion dais finished with polished Hopton Wood stone the chancel walls and the organ gallery were lined with carved Austrian oak panelling. William Hulme Lever, 2nd Viscount Leverhulme also provided for two new stained glass windows illustrating the ‘Parable of the Talents’ in memory of his father and ‘The Resurrection Morning’ in memory his mother.[5] The building became grade II listed in 1999[6] His mother died in 1913 and his father in 1925.
Death
William Hesketh Lever is interred with his parents at Christ Church, in Port Sunlight.
Theft of Memorial
A Priceless bust of William Hulme Lever was stolen in 2009 being taken from the plinth near his parents tombs at from the Leverhulme memorial tomb, Christ Church, Port Sunlight. It is feared it may be metled down for scrap.[7]
External links
- Christ Chruch, Port Sunlight: Photograph of Leverhulme memorial
- The United Reformed Church of St Andrew and St George, Its Origin and History, Bolton, Lancashire
Viscounts Leverhulme (1925)
- William Hesketh Lever, 1st Viscount Leverhulme (1851-1925)
- William Hulme Lever, 2nd Viscount Leverhulme (1888-1949)
- Philip William Bryce Lever, 3rd Viscount Leverhulme (1915-2000)
References
- ^ History of Thornton Manor
- ^ Brtish Pathe News, Wealth of the World, 1950
- ^ Leverhulmes Ghosts, Book Review by Charlie Kimber, September 2008
- ^ Wilson, An (25 January 2010). "A.N. WILSON: How the Cadbury family of the Victorian age would put today's fat cats to shame". Daily Mail. London.
- ^ [1]The United Reformed Church of St Andrew and St George, Its Origin and History.
- ^ [2]St Andrew & St George, Listed Building Text
- ^ [3]Priceless bust of Lever stolen from memorial; Bronze sculpture may be melted down for scrap. 2009
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