Rock shelter: Difference between revisions
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Rock shelters are often important [[archaeology|archaeologically]]. Because rock shelters form natural shelters from the weather, prehistoric humans often used them as living-places, and left behind debris, tools, and other [[Artifact (archaeology)|artifact]]s. In mountainous areas the shelters can also be important for [[Mountaineering|mountaineers]]. In western [[Connecticut]] and eastern [[New York]], many rock shelters are known by the [[colloquialism]] "leatherman caves",<ref>[http://www.ctmuseumquest.com/?page_id=6343 CT Museum: Leatherman Caves]</ref> as they were inhabited by the [[Leatherman (vagabond)|Leatherman]] over three decades in the late 19th century. |
Rock shelters are often important [[archaeology|archaeologically]]. Because rock shelters form natural shelters from the weather, prehistoric humans often used them as living-places, and left behind debris, tools, and other [[Artifact (archaeology)|artifact]]s. In mountainous areas the shelters can also be important for [[Mountaineering|mountaineers]]. In western [[Connecticut]] and eastern [[New York]], many rock shelters are known by the [[colloquialism]] "leatherman caves",<ref>[http://www.ctmuseumquest.com/?page_id=6343 CT Museum: Leatherman Caves]</ref> as they were inhabited by the [[Leatherman (vagabond)|Leatherman]] over three decades in the late 19th century. |
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In arid areas, [[wind]] erosion (eolian erosion) can be an important factor in rockhouse formation. In most humid areas, the most important factor in rockhouse formation is [[frost weathering| |
In arid areas, [[wind]] erosion (eolian erosion) can be an important factor in rockhouse formation. In most humid areas, the most important factor in rockhouse formation is [[frost weathering|frost spalling]], where the softer, more porous rock underneath is pushed off, tiny pieces at a time, by frost expansion from water frozen in the pores. Erosion from moving water is seldom a significant factor. |
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The [[Minuartia cumberlandensis|Cumberland stitchwort]] (''Minuartia cumberlandensis'') is an endangered species of plant which is found only in rock shelters in Kentucky and Tennessee.<ref>[http://www.centerforplantconservation.org/collection/cpc_viewprofile.asp?CPCNum=13821 Center for Plant Conservation]</ref> |
The [[Minuartia cumberlandensis|Cumberland stitchwort]] (''Minuartia cumberlandensis'') is an endangered species of plant which is found only in rock shelters in Kentucky and Tennessee.<ref>[http://www.centerforplantconservation.org/collection/cpc_viewprofile.asp?CPCNum=13821 Center for Plant Conservation]</ref> |
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Revision as of 00:59, 27 November 2011
A rock shelter (also known as a rockhouse, crepuscular cave, or abri) is a shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff.
Rock shelters form because a rock stratum such as sandstone that is resistant to erosion and weathering has formed a cliff or bluff, but a softer stratum, more subject to erosion and weathering, lies just below the resistant stratum, and thus undercuts the cliff.
Many rock shelters are found under waterfalls.
Rock shelters are often important archaeologically. Because rock shelters form natural shelters from the weather, prehistoric humans often used them as living-places, and left behind debris, tools, and other artifacts. In mountainous areas the shelters can also be important for mountaineers. In western Connecticut and eastern New York, many rock shelters are known by the colloquialism "leatherman caves",[1] as they were inhabited by the Leatherman over three decades in the late 19th century.
In arid areas, wind erosion (eolian erosion) can be an important factor in rockhouse formation. In most humid areas, the most important factor in rockhouse formation is frost spalling, where the softer, more porous rock underneath is pushed off, tiny pieces at a time, by frost expansion from water frozen in the pores. Erosion from moving water is seldom a significant factor.
The Cumberland stitchwort (Minuartia cumberlandensis) is an endangered species of plant which is found only in rock shelters in Kentucky and Tennessee.[2]
Strouds Run State Park
- Rock shelter formation types
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By cutting a karst gallery -
See also
- Mesa Verde
- Walnut Canyon
- Gatecliff Rockshelter
- Roc-aux-Sorciers
- Shelter Rock (North Hills, New York)
- Kinlock Shelter
References
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