Ceylon (programming language)

Ceylon

Paradigm	Object-oriented
Designed by	Gavin King, Red Hat
First appeared	2011 (tentative)
Typing discipline	Static, strong, safe
License	GPL v2
Filename extensions	.ceylon
Website	http://ceylon-lang.org/
Influenced by
Java, Scala, Smalltalk

The Ceylon Project is an upcoming programming language and SDK, created by Red Hat. It is based on the Java programming language and when it is released, will run under the Java Virtual Machine.

The project is described to be what a language and SDK for business computing would look like if it were designed today, keeping in mind the successes and failures of the Java language and Java SE SDK. The project has been referred to by industry analysts as a "Java killer", though Red Hat themselves reject this term.

Language features

Ceylon inherits most of Java's syntax. The following is the Ceylon version of the Hello world program:

void hello() {
   writeLine("Hello World!");
}

Operator polymorphism

Ceylon will not provide operator overloading, as it was deemed to be generally confusing, but instead supports operator polymorphism, where an operator is a shortcut for a method of a built-in type. This is supposed to be safer and simpler than true operator overloading.

Interfaces

Interfaces are data structures that contain member definitions and not actual implementation. They are useful to define a contract between members in different types that have different implementations. Every interface is implicitly abstract.

An interface is implemented by a class using the satisfies keyword. It is allowed to implement more than one interface, in which case they are written after satisfies keyword in a comma-separated list. Ceylon allows for limited code besides for the definitions. An interface may not contain initialization logic, but can contain mixins.

shared interface Comparable<in T> {
   shared formal Comparison compare(T other);

   shared Boolean largerThan(T other) {
      return compare(other)==larger;
   }

   shared Boolean smallerThan(T other) {
      return compare(other)==smaller;
   }
   ...
}

Inheritance

Classes in Ceylon, as in Java, may only inherit from one class. Inheritance is declared using extends keyword. A class may reference itself using this keyword.

Abstract classes are classes that only serve as templates and cannot be instantiated. Otherwise it is just like an ordinary class.

Only abstract classes are allowed to have abstract methods. Abstract methods do not have any implementation and must be overridden by a subclass unless it is abstract itself.

Releases

• A compiler was released on December 20, 2011

External links

• Official project website
• http://in.relation.to/Tutorials/IntroductionToCeylon
• Introducing the Ceylon Project by Gavin King, Red Hat (Mirror)
• The Ceylon Type System by Gavin King, Red Hat (Mirror)
• Gavin King unveils Red Hat's Java successor: The Ceylon Project, by Marc Richards on April 11, 2011