John Leslie, 1st Duke of Rothes: Difference between revisions
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'''John Leslie''' (c. 1630 – July 27, 1681), son of [[John Leslie, 6th Earl of Rothes]], was the 7th [[Earl of Rothes]] and 1st [[Duke of Rothes]]. He was a descendant of Princess Beatrix, sister of King [[Malcolm III of Scotland]]. His family had intermarried with both the [[Stuarts]] and the [[House of Bruce|Bruces]]. |
'''John Leslie''' (c. 1630 – July 27, 1681), son of [[John Leslie, 6th Earl of Rothes]], was the 7th [[Earl of Rothes]] and 1st [[Duke of Rothes]]. He was a descendant of Princess Beatrix, sister of King [[Malcolm III of Scotland]]. His family had intermarried with both the [[Stuarts]] and the [[House of Bruce|Bruces]]. |
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==Life== |
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He was born in 1630. His mother died when he was ten, and on his father's death in the following year he succeeded to the peerage. He was placed under the care of John. earl of Crawford [see Lindsay, John, John, tenth Lord Lindsay and seventeenth Earl of Crawford], to whose daughter he was betrothed. On account of the wars his education was much neglected. "He had," says Burnet, "no advantage of education, no sort of literature; nor had he travelled abroad; all in him was mere nature". {{sfn|Henderson|1893}} |
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He was one of the first noblemen to wait on Charles II on his arrival from Breda in 1650, and on 20 Dec. was appointed colonel of one of the Fife regiments of horse. [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]] made him the Lord High [[Treasurer of Scotland]], Lord Keeper of the [[Great Seal of Scotland]], [[Lord Chancellor of Scotland]] for life, and [[President of the Privy Council of Scotland]]. He carried the [[sword of state]] at the [[coronation]] of Charles II. He was captured at the [[Battle of Worcester]] in 1651. On the 18th he was commiited to the Tower. On 18 July 1652 his liberty was extended to ten miles from the city of London. On 14 Dec. 1652 he was permitted, on heavy security, to go to Scotland on business for three months; similar permission was granted in 1653 and 1654; in 1654-5 he was permitted to stay six months at Newcastle. On 8 Jan. 1656-7 he obtained leave, owing, it is told, to the influence of Elizabeth Murray, countess of Dysart, to visit Scotland again. In January 1658 he was, however, committed to the castle of Edinburgh by Cromwell, to prevent a duel between him and Viscount Morpeth, who was jealous of the attentions which Rothes paid his wife ; he was released in the following December.{{sfn|Henderson|1893}} |
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In 1663, he succeeded his father-in-law as lord high treasurer, was sworn a privy councillor of England, and was appointed Captain of the troop of lifeguards and general of the forces in Scotland. He was deprived on 16 April 1667 of all his offices, but in October was made lord chancellor for life. Through the intervention of the Duke of York, he was on 29 May 1680 created Duke of Rothes, Marquis of Balleobreich, Earl of Leslie, Viscount of Lugton, Lord Auchmutie and Caskiebery.{{sfn|Henderson|1893}} |
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He married [[Anne Crawford-Lindsay]], the daughter of [[John Lindsay, 17th Earl of Crawford]]. He built the Palace of Leslie (also known as [[Leslie House]]), which nearly burnt completely in a fire on Christmas Day 1763. |
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John died at [[Holyrood Palace]] in [[Edinburgh]] on July 27, 1681. |
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He was awarded a [[state funeral]]. |
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The funeral procession was more elaborate and impressive than either Wellington's or Churchill's. It stretched over seventeen miles (27 km) long. |
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He had two daughters: Margaret, married to Charles, fifth earl of Haddington, and Christian. |
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As he had no male issue, the Dukedom of Rothes became extinct, the Earldom only being passed to his daughter.{{sfn|Henderson|1893}} |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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;Attribution |
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{{DNB |first=Thomas Finlayson |last=Henderson |wstitle=Leslie, John (1630-1681) |volume=33 |pages=102–103}} |
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[[Charles II of England|King Charles II]] made him the Lord High [[Treasurer of Scotland]], Lord Keeper of the [[Great Seal of Scotland]], [[Lord Chancellor of Scotland]] for life, and [[President of the Privy Council of Scotland]]. He carried the [[sword of state]] at the [[coronation]] of Charles II. He was captured at the [[Battle of Worcester]] in 1651, returned to Scotland in 1655 and, on a payment of a fine to [[Oliver Cromwell]], was set free. He married [[Anne Crawford-Lindsay]], the daughter of [[John Lindsay, 17th Earl of Crawford]]. He built the Palace of Leslie (also known as [[Leslie House]]), which nearly burnt completely in a fire on Christmas Day 1763. |
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Revision as of 12:50, 26 October 2012
John Leslie (c. 1630 – July 27, 1681), son of John Leslie, 6th Earl of Rothes, was the 7th Earl of Rothes and 1st Duke of Rothes. He was a descendant of Princess Beatrix, sister of King Malcolm III of Scotland. His family had intermarried with both the Stuarts and the Bruces.
Life
He was born in 1630. His mother died when he was ten, and on his father's death in the following year he succeeded to the peerage. He was placed under the care of John. earl of Crawford [see Lindsay, John, John, tenth Lord Lindsay and seventeenth Earl of Crawford], to whose daughter he was betrothed. On account of the wars his education was much neglected. "He had," says Burnet, "no advantage of education, no sort of literature; nor had he travelled abroad; all in him was mere nature". [1]
He was one of the first noblemen to wait on Charles II on his arrival from Breda in 1650, and on 20 Dec. was appointed colonel of one of the Fife regiments of horse. King Charles II made him the Lord High Treasurer of Scotland, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland, Lord Chancellor of Scotland for life, and President of the Privy Council of Scotland. He carried the sword of state at the coronation of Charles II. He was captured at the Battle of Worcester in 1651. On the 18th he was commiited to the Tower. On 18 July 1652 his liberty was extended to ten miles from the city of London. On 14 Dec. 1652 he was permitted, on heavy security, to go to Scotland on business for three months; similar permission was granted in 1653 and 1654; in 1654-5 he was permitted to stay six months at Newcastle. On 8 Jan. 1656-7 he obtained leave, owing, it is told, to the influence of Elizabeth Murray, countess of Dysart, to visit Scotland again. In January 1658 he was, however, committed to the castle of Edinburgh by Cromwell, to prevent a duel between him and Viscount Morpeth, who was jealous of the attentions which Rothes paid his wife ; he was released in the following December.[1]
In 1663, he succeeded his father-in-law as lord high treasurer, was sworn a privy councillor of England, and was appointed Captain of the troop of lifeguards and general of the forces in Scotland. He was deprived on 16 April 1667 of all his offices, but in October was made lord chancellor for life. Through the intervention of the Duke of York, he was on 29 May 1680 created Duke of Rothes, Marquis of Balleobreich, Earl of Leslie, Viscount of Lugton, Lord Auchmutie and Caskiebery.[1]
He married Anne Crawford-Lindsay, the daughter of John Lindsay, 17th Earl of Crawford. He built the Palace of Leslie (also known as Leslie House), which nearly burnt completely in a fire on Christmas Day 1763. [1]
John died at Holyrood Palace in Edinburgh on July 27, 1681. He was awarded a state funeral. The funeral procession was more elaborate and impressive than either Wellington's or Churchill's. It stretched over seventeen miles (27 km) long. The cost of whole regiments of ceremonial guards, soldiers, banners, trumpets, heralds and coaches effectively ruined the family finances forever, and he left behind a huge debt to his daughter, Margaret Leslie. He had two daughters: Margaret, married to Charles, fifth earl of Haddington, and Christian. As he had no male issue, the Dukedom of Rothes became extinct, the Earldom only being passed to his daughter.[1]
References
- Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Henderson, Thomas Finlayson (1893). "Leslie, John (1630-1681)". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 33. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 102–103.
External links
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