Aquad

Aquad (Windows)

Developer(s)	Günter Huber
Stable release	7 / February 2012
Operating system	Microsoft Windows
Type	Analysis of Qualitative Data Qualitative Research
License	GPLv3
Website	www.aquad.de

Aquad is a free software Computer assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) that supports content analysis of open data in qualitative research in psychology, education, sociology, philosophy, medicine, ethnography, politics,etc. Open data are usually collected through observation, introspection, narratives, discussion groups, interviews, etc.

Author

Aquad was developed in Germany in 1987 by Günter L. Huber, professor at the Department of Educational Psychology at the Institute of Educational Science at the University of Tübingen, to make up for limited manpower at content analysis in a research project.

Description

Aquad provides classical tools of content analysis as:

• Text searching: looking for segments in texts.
• Coding: labeling segments in texts, audios, photos, or videos.
• Writing memos (annotation): inserting annotations linked to parts or whole texts, audios, photos, or videos.
• Word analysis: counting words according to criteria.
• Retrieving by file name, code, keyword, or parts of memo texts: Retrieving segments according to criteria.
• Table analysis: constructing tables combining criteria and arranging data in rows and columns.
• Construction of linkage hypotheses: looking for relationships among codes.
• Comparison of cases/files: contrasting coding among files.

Possibilities

Presentation of data

Data could be analysed as written text, audio, photo, or video. Initially, Computer assisted qualitative data analysis software analysed only verbal texts. The observation, introspection, narratives, discussion groups, interviews, etc. were transcribed and CAQDAS only analysed the transcription (linguistics).

Situation of data

Data could be directly analysed on the screen (one-step) or outside (two-steps). One-step allows to code on the screen with digitalised data. Two-steps allows to enter codes on the screen keeping the documents as realia on the desk or in other means as cameras, TV, etc. For instance, two-steps allows to analyse recordings, diaries, incunabula, or objects without transcribing, taking photos, or scanning them.

Comparison of cases/files by Boolean analysis

Aquad allows comparison of cases/files by "logical minimization". It applies Boolean method of qualitative comparison by Ragin (1989) and detects critical features to identify types of cases.

Versions

Real available version is AQUAD 7 that includes examples of analyses of written text, audio, photo, and video. A free version and a manual (Huber & Gürtler, 2013) are also available on the website. Aquad is available in German, English, and Spanish. The current version is version 7.

See also

• Qualitative research
• Qualitative economics
• Qualitative marketing research
• Qualitative psychological research
• Sampling (case studies)

References

• Huber, G. L. & Gürtler, L. (2013) AQUAD 7. Manual: The Analysis of Qualitative data. Tübingen: Ingeborg Huber Verlag. Download
• Ragin, C. C. (1989) The Comparative Method: Moving Beyond Qualitative and Quantitative Strategies. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Google Books

External links

• Spanish Association for the Advance of Qualitative Research (2011). AQUAD 6. Description of the resource. Asociación Española para el Avance de la Investigación Cualitativa.
• Feliz Murias, T. (2012). Análisis de contenido de la comunicación asíncrona en la formación universitaria (Content analysis of asynchonous communication in the university training).Revista de Educación, 358, Mayo-agosto 2012, pp. 282-309.
• Gil Flores, J. (Director) (2007). El tratamiento de datos en investigación cualitativa con AQUAD (Data processing in qualitative research). Universidad de Sevilla.
• López Regalado, O. (2008). Tutorial of Aquad 6.
• Official website of Aquad 7
• Ricoy Lorenzo, M.C., Sevillano García, M.L. & Feliz Murias, T. (2011). Competencias necesarias para la utilización de las principales herramientas de Internet en la educación (Competences Needed to Use the Main Internet Tools in Education). Revista de Educación, 356. Septiembre-diciembre 2011, pp. 483-507.