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Erased Norwegian kroner 143 million of Congo's debt, and also funded the nation with another half billion for conservation of rainforest in Congo - without demanding anything in return. - It is easy to imagine how the Congolese have interpreted this: Ei
Reuters claimed that at some point in time after conviction, that "The death penalty was later overturned by Congo's military high court
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'''Tjostolv Moland''' (28 February 1981 – 18 August 2013) was a former [[Norway|Norwegian]] [[Military ranks and insignia of Norway#Norwegian military ranks|army officer]] and [[Private military contractor|security contractor]] arrested in May 2009 in the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (DRC), and convicted (together with [[Joshua French]]) of [[murder]]ing their driver and [[espionage]] for [[Norway]].
'''Tjostolv Moland''' (28 February 1981 – 18 August 2013) was a former [[Norway|Norwegian]] [[Military ranks and insignia of Norway#Norwegian military ranks|army officer]] and [[Private military contractor|security contractor]] arrested in May 2009 in the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (DRC), and convicted (together with [[Joshua French]]) of [[murder]]ing their driver and [[espionage]] for [[Norway]].


One day after he died, [[The Guardian]] said that his "death overshadowed even the upcoming elections in Norway's media."<ref name=overshadow>[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/18/norwegian-jailed-congo-dies-prison Norwegian jailed in Congo on murder charge dies in prison]</ref>
One day after he died, [[The Guardian]] said that his "death overshadowed even the upcoming elections in Norway's media."<ref name=overshadow>[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/aug/18/norwegian-jailed-congo-dies-prison Norwegian jailed in Congo on murder charge dies in prison]</ref> Furthermore [[Reuters]] claimed that at some point in time after conviction, that "The death penalty was later overturned by Congo's military high court."<ref>[http://uk.reuters.com/article/2013/08/18/uk-congo-democratic-norway-idUKBRE97H0ER20130818 Norwegian man jailed for Congo murder found dead in prison cell (Reuters)]</ref>


== Early life ==
== Early life ==

Revision as of 12:19, 20 August 2013

Tjostolv Moland
Born(1981-02-28)28 February 1981
Vegårshei, Aust-Agder, Norway.
Died18 August 2013(2013-08-18) (aged 32)
Prison Militaire Ndolo, Kinshasa, DR Congo
Conviction(s)Murder, espionage
Criminal penaltyDeath
Details
VictimsOne
CountryDR Congo
Date apprehended
May 2009

Tjostolv Moland (28 February 1981 – 18 August 2013) was a former Norwegian army officer and security contractor arrested in May 2009 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and convicted (together with Joshua French) of murdering their driver and espionage for Norway.

One day after he died, The Guardian said that his "death overshadowed even the upcoming elections in Norway's media."[1] Furthermore Reuters claimed that at some point in time after conviction, that "The death penalty was later overturned by Congo's military high court."[2]

Early life

Moland was born and raised in Vegårshei, Aust-Agder county, Norway. He joined the army when he was nineteen, served in The King's Guard and later the Telemark Battalion, where he held the rank of second lieutenant before his resignation in 2007.[3] During his tenure as an army officer, he befriended Joshua French, a fellow officer in the Norwegian Armed Forces. After leaving the military, they both worked in the private security industry for a Korean company as security guards in the Gulf of Aden.[4]

2009 Congo trial

Main article: Trial and conviction of Joshua French and Tjostolv Moland

In 2009, a manhunt ensued after Moland and French were suspected in the shooting of their driver, who was found dead in the car in which the three had been riding. The men claimed that their driver was murdered by gunmen who waylaid them, and that they escaped from them on foot. On September 8, 2009, a DRC military tribunal in Kisangani (the capital of Orientale Province) found them both guilty of all charges and sentenced them to death.[5][6][7][8][9] The Democratic Republic of the Congo government insists that the defendants were active-duty Norwegian soldiers, contradicting Norway's insistence that they had no connection with its military since 2007. "The rulings drew immediate international protests amid claims of miscarriages of justice."[10]

Appeal and new trial

On 22 April 2010, the BBC reported that a court overturned the convictions of French and Moland because of flawed procedures at their military tribunal and ordered a new trial with different judges.[10]

On 10 June 2010, the BBC reported that the new tribunal in Kisangani found them guilty of murder and espionage. They were again sentenced to death and the Norwegian State was ordered to pay $65m.[11]

Imprisonment

During their first trial, the men were incarcerated in Kisangani, where they also remained for the first year of their sentence.[clarification needed] In 2010, they were transferred to Kinshasa. (Tvedestrandsposten has reported the name of the prison as Prison Militaire Ndolo.[12]) In 2011, their prison cell was searched by officials including major Jean-Blaise Bwamulunda, one of the prosecutors in the trial.[13] US$2,000 in cash was found and confiscated.[13]

Diplomats meeting in Democratic Republic of Congo

In 2013, on his visit to the DRC, French president François Hollande suggested that prisoners French and Moland should be moved out of the situation of their six-man prison cell; five days later the two prisoners shared a cell of their own.[14] (Britain's foreign ministry had contacted France's in advance, due to Joshua French being a British citizen in addition to being a Norwegian citizen).[14])

Death

On the morning of 18 August 2013, Moland was found dead by his cellmate, Joshua French.

DRC's then minister of communications said that the government is investigating the death, and that "We're trying to determine whether it was suicide or homicide. It looks like suicide but we're not sure".[1]

His death was confirmed by then foreign minister of Norway, who also reported that the cause of death was yet unknown.[15][16]

Reactions

Morten Furuholmen (a former lawyer of the two prisoners) said "My opinion has been that there should have been more activity from the highest levels of politics, including meeting in Congo. Norway's foreign ministry has limited itself to short meetings during UN sessions in New York, together with one contact in Ethiopia. There hasn't been meetings in Congo [involving Norwegian diplomats and Congolese counterparts, in regards to Moland and French] as far as I know".[17]

Prime minister Jens Stoltenberg told Dagbladet that the death "is deeply tragic".[18]

A 20 August 2013 Aftenposten editorial said that "Tough claims have been delivered about a lack of follow up and vigor. We think one should be careful about delivering a bastant judgement" ... "Some have therefore ment (ment) that Norway ought to be able to pay itself out of the troubles. In our opinion such suggestions are ligthweight (i overkant lettvinte). - One must also ask oneself what sort of example that would set for similar incidents in the future; and if Norwegian citizens' safety in critical situations are best cared for through roundhanded payouts of ransom. There is good reason (all grunn) to doubt." Dagbladet's editorial said "But if Norwegian authorities had agreed to pay what was necessary to get Moland and French home to Norway, then it would endanger all Norwegians [when they] in the future travel to similar nations. Norwegian citizens visiting corrupt or lawless countries, would have their market value increased. They could become commodities. Therefore such cases demand quiet diplomacy." Tvedestrandsposten's editorial sought a fact-finding to be performed on Norway's foreign ministry.[19] (This newspaper published the family's death announcement.[19])

Minister Jonas Gahr Støre said "... I understand, of course, that those that lost their son [assign] blame for that it was not possible to help them, and I am very saddened that we were not able to do that".[20]

Morten Strøksnes, author of Et mord i Kongo[21] ["A murder in Congo"]—and journalist—said in a 20 August 2013 article in Bergens Tidende that when his death was made public, "Moland again became the main story in all Norwegian media. The foreign minister and the prime minister announced press conferences. A prisoner on death row in an African prison, and the nation's top leadership hastily announces and holds press conferences on a Sunday! - The foreign minister said that they could have done more. The prime minister said that they had worked hard. He sent a letter 'not too long ago'. But the letter was sent in March 2012."[22] ... Norway has erased [Norwegian kroner] 143 million of Congo's debt, and also funded the nation with another half billion for conservation of rainforest in Congo - without demanding anything in return. - It is easy to imagine how the Congolese have interpreted this: Either as an admission of guilt, or as a signal that Norwegian authorities did not wish that the prisoners should be transferred to their homeland."[22]

References

  1. ^ a b Norwegian jailed in Congo on murder charge dies in prison
  2. ^ Norwegian man jailed for Congo murder found dead in prison cell (Reuters)
  3. ^ Tjostolv Moland (28) og kameraten (27) flyktet inn i jungelen mens kulene suste rundt dem, Dagbladet, May 13, 2009. (Norwegian)
  4. ^ French og Moland kjempet mot pirater i Adenbukta, Aftenposten, September 1, 2009. (Norwegian)
  5. ^ Norwegians given death sentence by Congo court, The Norway Post, September 8, 2009.
  6. ^ Court in Congo sentences two Norwegians to death, Guardian, September 8, 2009]
  7. ^ 4VF News (Norway), September 8, 2009
  8. ^ Norwegians to die for Congo spying, The Daily Nation, September 8, 2009.
  9. ^ Smith, David (September 1, 2009). "European 'mercenaries' face death penalty in Congo". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2010-05-18. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  10. ^ a b "DR Congo overturns death sentences for Norwegians". BBC. 22 April 2010. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
  11. ^ "Second DR Congo court orders execution for Norwegians". BBC. 10 June 2010. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
  12. ^ I helvetes forgård
  13. ^ a b FN deltok i razziaen - nyheter. Dagbladet.no (2009-08-18). Retrieved on 2013-08-19.
  14. ^ a b Moland og French har fått egen celle etter hjelp fra François Hollande
  15. ^ "Tjostolv Moland er død (Tjostolv Moland is dead)" (in Norwegian). NRK. 18 August 2013. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
  16. ^ "Norwegian jailed in Congo on murder charge dies in prison". The Guardian. Associated Press. 18 August 2013. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
  17. ^ Forfatter: - Dette er noe jeg har fryktet
  18. ^ [http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/08/18/nyheter/samfunn/politikk/regjeringen/jens_stoltenberg/28768359/ - Dette er dypt tragisk ]
  19. ^ a b Krever granskning av UD
  20. ^ Støre forstår kritikken fra Molands far
  21. ^ "Funnet på cellen". Verdens Gang. 2013-08-19. p. 7.
  22. ^ a b Morten Strøksnes (2013-08-20). "Et varslet dødsfall". Bergens Tidende.

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