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Considering this article doesn't cite sources... --[[User:Electrified mocha chinchilla|<font color="Black">'''em'''</font>]][[User:Electrified mocha chinchilla/Esperanza|<font color="Green">'''c'''</font>]][[Exclamation mark|<font color="Black">'''!'''</font>]] [[Flying Spaghetti Monster|''<font color="red"> ╬ </font>'']] <sup>(<font color="black">[[User_talk:Electrified mocha chinchilla|t a l k]]</font>)</sup> 03:37, 23 July 2006 (UTC) |
Considering this article doesn't cite sources... --[[User:Electrified mocha chinchilla|<font color="Black">'''em'''</font>]][[User:Electrified mocha chinchilla/Esperanza|<font color="Green">'''c'''</font>]][[Exclamation mark|<font color="Black">'''!'''</font>]] [[Flying Spaghetti Monster|''<font color="red"> ╬ </font>'']] <sup>(<font color="black">[[User_talk:Electrified mocha chinchilla|t a l k]]</font>)</sup> 03:37, 23 July 2006 (UTC) |
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==excerpts== |
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<pre> |
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Print 65 9.05 pt 9.05 pt false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 |
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Panther 21 (United Slates 1970): conspiracy to bomb a New York police station |
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On 2 April 1969, twenty-one members of the Black Panther party were indicted by a grand jury for conspiracy in a planned coordinated bombing and long-range rifle attack on the Forty- fourth Precinct police station in the Bronx, the TNventy-fourth Precinct police station in Manhattan, and the Queens Board of Education office, all at 9 p.m. on Friday. 17 January 1969. Dynamite had been placed in the three locations. However, the sticks at the Forty-fourth Precinct station had been switched by a police undercover agent with phonies, so that only a blasting cap exploded. At the 'I\venty-fourth Precinct station the fuse on the phoney sticks had been improperly lit. At the Queens school the real dynamite—from a source other than the undercover police—blew a hole in the side of the building. Near the Forty- fourth Precinct station, after some shooting, one Panther, nineteen-year-old Joan Bird, was arrested, while two men cscapcd. They left behind a long-range rifle with which they had planned to shoot at the police as they rushed out of the burning building after the explosion. The thirteen of the twenty-one who were arraigned before Judge Charles Marks with bail set at $100,000 each were Lumumba Shakur and his wife Afeni Shakur; Richard Moore (Dharaba). who fled in the midst of the trial; William King (Kwando M'Biassi Kinshasa); Michael Tabor (Cetewayo), who also fled in the midst of the trial; Ali Bey Hassan: Alex McKeiver (Abayama Katara); Clark Squire; Curtis Powell; Robert Collier; Walter Johnson; Lee Roper (Shaba Om); and Joan Bird. Gerald Lcfcourt headed the defense counsel team, which included his sister-in-law Carol Lefcourt, William Crain, Robert Bloom. Sanford Katz. and Charles T. McKinncy. Joseph A. Phillips from the District Attorney's Office led the prosecution, with Jeffrey Weinsten as his assistant. The pretrial hearings were |
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… |
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served, "was itself an insistence on form, its speed being one point of its affirmation" (Kempton. 278). What went wrong for the prosecution. Peter Zimroth concludes, is that "the prosecutor lost the propaganda war he started. He wanted to convince the jurors, and beyond them the public, that the Black Panther Party was dangerous.... He wanted the jurors to sec the events charged in the indictment as part of a broader history of violence on the Left. . . . Instead, by the end of the trial, the prosecutor had convinced most of the jurors not that the defendants were dangerous, but that the District Attorney and Judge were. . . . These jurors saw the prosecution as part of a history of government repression: and they did not want to be part of that history" (Zimroth. 397). |
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Because two Black Panther founders. Newton and Bobby Scale, were also on trial—Newton in Oakland (see Newton. Huey R) and Seale in New Haven (sec Seale. Bobby, and Ericka Huggins)—the national Panthers party did not assist the New York Panther 21. This contributed to the split between the Newton-Seale and the Cleaver factions, as well as to the murders of Robert Webb, who was loyal to Cleaver, and Samuel Napier, loyal to Newton, by the opposite sides. In April 1972 Moore of the Panther 21, Mark Holder, and three others were tried in New York for the murder of Napier, whose body was found in a burned party newspaper distribution office in April 1971. The prosecution argued that Napier was murdered and the Panther newspaper offices burned in revenge for the slaying of Webb. Holder was found guilty of murder and second-degree arson, while Judge Bernard Dubin declared a mistrial in the cases of Moore and the others (New York Times, 14 April 1972, 48). In 1973 Moore was tried and found guilty of attempted murder in a machine-gun attack on two New York police officers in 1971, but in 1990 his conviction was overturned because the prosecution had failed to disclose evidence provided by Pauline Joseph, who had been a prosecution witness in the Napier murder trial (New York Times. 16 March 1990, 16). |
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</pre> |
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[[User:Igottheconch|Igottheconch]] ([[User talk:Igottheconch|talk]]) 15:52, 9 April 2014 (UTC) |
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Revision as of 15:52, 9 April 2014
Considering this article doesn't cite sources... --emc! ╬ (t a l k) 03:37, 23 July 2006 (UTC)
excerpts
Print 65 9.05 pt 9.05 pt false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Panther 21 (United Slates 1970): conspiracy to bomb a New York police station On 2 April 1969, twenty-one members of the Black Panther party were indicted by a grand jury for conspiracy in a planned coordinated bombing and long-range rifle attack on the Forty- fourth Precinct police station in the Bronx, the TNventy-fourth Precinct police station in Manhattan, and the Queens Board of Education office, all at 9 p.m. on Friday. 17 January 1969. Dynamite had been placed in the three locations. However, the sticks at the Forty-fourth Precinct station had been switched by a police undercover agent with phonies, so that only a blasting cap exploded. At the 'I\venty-fourth Precinct station the fuse on the phoney sticks had been improperly lit. At the Queens school the real dynamite—from a source other than the undercover police—blew a hole in the side of the building. Near the Forty- fourth Precinct station, after some shooting, one Panther, nineteen-year-old Joan Bird, was arrested, while two men cscapcd. They left behind a long-range rifle with which they had planned to shoot at the police as they rushed out of the burning building after the explosion. The thirteen of the twenty-one who were arraigned before Judge Charles Marks with bail set at $100,000 each were Lumumba Shakur and his wife Afeni Shakur; Richard Moore (Dharaba). who fled in the midst of the trial; William King (Kwando M'Biassi Kinshasa); Michael Tabor (Cetewayo), who also fled in the midst of the trial; Ali Bey Hassan: Alex McKeiver (Abayama Katara); Clark Squire; Curtis Powell; Robert Collier; Walter Johnson; Lee Roper (Shaba Om); and Joan Bird. Gerald Lcfcourt headed the defense counsel team, which included his sister-in-law Carol Lefcourt, William Crain, Robert Bloom. Sanford Katz. and Charles T. McKinncy. Joseph A. Phillips from the District Attorney's Office led the prosecution, with Jeffrey Weinsten as his assistant. The pretrial hearings were … served, "was itself an insistence on form, its speed being one point of its affirmation" (Kempton. 278). What went wrong for the prosecution. Peter Zimroth concludes, is that "the prosecutor lost the propaganda war he started. He wanted to convince the jurors, and beyond them the public, that the Black Panther Party was dangerous.... He wanted the jurors to sec the events charged in the indictment as part of a broader history of violence on the Left. . . . Instead, by the end of the trial, the prosecutor had convinced most of the jurors not that the defendants were dangerous, but that the District Attorney and Judge were. . . . These jurors saw the prosecution as part of a history of government repression: and they did not want to be part of that history" (Zimroth. 397). Because two Black Panther founders. Newton and Bobby Scale, were also on trial—Newton in Oakland (see Newton. Huey R) and Seale in New Haven (sec Seale. Bobby, and Ericka Huggins)—the national Panthers party did not assist the New York Panther 21. This contributed to the split between the Newton-Seale and the Cleaver factions, as well as to the murders of Robert Webb, who was loyal to Cleaver, and Samuel Napier, loyal to Newton, by the opposite sides. In April 1972 Moore of the Panther 21, Mark Holder, and three others were tried in New York for the murder of Napier, whose body was found in a burned party newspaper distribution office in April 1971. The prosecution argued that Napier was murdered and the Panther newspaper offices burned in revenge for the slaying of Webb. Holder was found guilty of murder and second-degree arson, while Judge Bernard Dubin declared a mistrial in the cases of Moore and the others (New York Times, 14 April 1972, 48). In 1973 Moore was tried and found guilty of attempted murder in a machine-gun attack on two New York police officers in 1971, but in 1990 his conviction was overturned because the prosecution had failed to disclose evidence provided by Pauline Joseph, who had been a prosecution witness in the Napier murder trial (New York Times. 16 March 1990, 16).