Yocheved Weinfeld

Yocheved Weinfeld, 1980

Yocheved (Juki) Weinfeld is an artist, museum educator and developer of interactive exhibitions for children. She studied at the Tel Aviv University and the State Art Teacher's College (Israel); at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Israel); and at the Michaelis School of Art at the University of Cape Town (South Africa).

Weinfeld taught art at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem, the State Art Teacher's College, the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design and at the Michaelis School of Art, University of Cape Town. She also developed and designed educational exhibitions for children at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem (Israel), the Jewish Museum in New York, and at the Jewish Children’s Learning Lab (now known as the Children’s Galleries for Jewish Culture) in New York which she co-founded in 1995.

Weinfeld is considered one of the first Israeli artists to explore her heritage as a Jewish woman using contemporary means. She exhibited her work in numerous one-woman shows in Israel since the 1970s (e.g., the Israel Museum, Bograshov Gallery, Gordon Gallery, Debel Gallery, Mabat Gallery). She also participated in many international group exhibitions in museums and galleries around the world.

Her works are included in the collections of the Israel Museum in Jerusalem (Israel), the Hamburg Kunsthalle(Germany), the Tel Aviv Museum(Israel), the Haifa Museum(Israel), and in various private collections around the world. Weinfeld lives and works in New York City.

Biography

Yocheved (Juki) Weinfeld (née Ewa Ernst) was born in 1947 in the Silesian city of Legnica (Poland), and lived in Wroclaw, also in Silesia. Before World War II, her father Natan Ernst was a prosperous manufacturer of men’s shirts in Przemyśl, Poland and her mother, Klara, had just graduated from the local vocational high school. Natan’s Parents were shot by the Nazis and he spent the war in hiding. Klara obtained false documents and, posing as an Aryan, served as a housekeeper for a German SS officer stationed in Poland. They met and married after the war.

In 1957 the Ernst family emigrated to Israel, and after a few months in Tel-Aviv settled in Givatayim, a town near Tel-Aviv. While Ewa, now Yocheved, was considered an overall gifted child, her exceptional talents in drawing, acting and writing received particular attention.

At the age of 16 she was taken on as a student by the prominent Israeli artist and teacher, Raffi Lavie, and before she was 20, her works were being shown alongside her mentor’s in exhibitions staged by the avant-garde group 10+. In 1967 she married David Weinfeld, then a Doctoral student at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and an Orthodox Jew. In 1977 the marriage ended in divorce. In 1980, Weinfeld married Steven Kasher and moved to New York. In 1985 she gave birth to their daughter Talia Kasher. In 1993 the couple divorced. (Based loosely on Dr. Gannit Ankori: Yocheved Weinfeld’s Portraits of the Self in Woman’s Art Journal, Spring/Summer 1989.)

Art

In 1969 Weinfled exhibited her early paintings in a one-woman show in Mabat Gallery in Tel-Aviv (Israel). The paintings explored containments of biomorphic shapes (such as flesh) within geometric boundaries. The exhibition was met with disdain by most of the local art critics.

Over the next three years Weinfeld experimented with other juxtapositions of stylistic contrasts. Those were exhibited in numerous group shows, and eventually in 1972 in a one-woman show at the Bar-Kochba Gallery in Tel-Aviv. The exhibition met with mixed reviews. Reuben Berman wrote in The Jerusalem Post: “… Paintings based on internal stylistic and conceptual contrasts that break down fundamentally into a reasoned, studied, restrained approach on the one hand, and a spontaneous, gestural, painterly approach on the other… But the contrasts are lively and the show as a whole bears evidence of intellectual alertness…”

In 1973 following her mother’s death and the Yom Kippur War, in an attempt to relinquish her facile drawings, and out of need to express her reaction to the scarred flesh and the scarred society, Weinfeld started experimenting with stitches on paper in lieu of pencil lines, and sometimes next to them. Some of those “drawings” were perceived as erotic and feminine, if not feminist. Stitching paper and canvas gave way to a renewed interest in flesh and body.

In 1974, in a one-woman show at the Debel Gallery in Jerusalem, Weinfeld—again interested in paradox –- exhibited, among other works, a series of photographs of stitched hands and faces. These works that were in fact stitched photographs re-photographed, led way to works that became increasingly less concerned with esthetics or style and more conceptual in nature. The scarred, stitched “drawings” along with the stitched body parts, caused some critics to place Weinfeld’s art within the Body-Art movement, and within it as Feminst in nature.

In 1975, following her interest in synaesthesia and the definition of art as “an expression of what cannot be expressed otherwise,” Weinfeld explored the capability of visual art to transmit tactile physical bodily sensations, such as the sensation of hunger, or pain in the roots of hair. She juxtaposed scientific and descriptive text with objects that strove to transmit bodily sensations visually. Unfortunately, with the exception of Yigael Tzalmona (Maariv, 3.21.75), most critics missed the point, and saw the topics as unworthy of artistic endeavor.

In 1976, after reading the Code of Jewish Law (Shulhan Arukh), texts which she found fascinating and evocative, Weinfeld created a performance as part of her exhibition at the Debel Gallery. During the performance the artist explored visual, mythical images of prohibitions and rituals related to cleanliness and mourning, prompted by those texts. She acted out her own interpretation of the proscribed rituals. The content of the performance was, by virtue of the topic and the female artist’s prism, feminine, but not Feminist, in nature. In an artistic environment that shunned the mention of the Holocaust and Jewish religious topics, it was one of the first times that an artist used Jewish ancient and modern heritage as an inspiration for what was considered at the time an avant-garde work of art. In his article about the exhibition in Art News, (“Whimsey and poetry; traumas and taboos” September, 1976), Meir Ronnen wrote: “One left the gallery questioning many aspects of our Judeo-Christian cultural heritage – a heritage of pain, suffering, superstition and a mystic belief in man’s ability to rise above the physical in purification rites.” Despite the fact that the original video documentation of the performance was lost, and only still photographs remain, the performance is often cited in studies, journals and books as a seminal work in Israeli art.

In 1979 Weinfeld’s interest turned to primary images in memory and the ways they change and reoccur in subsequent memories. In her one-person show at the Israel Museum she exhibited ten large complex works, each based on a childhood memory represented by a text. Each work consisted of posed photographs of herself, three-dimensional objects and painted surfaces. Stephanie Rachum, the exhibition’s curator wrote in the catalogue: “The deliberate disregard for the aesthetic aspect coupled with the stress on the ideational process which exist in Weinfeld’s work is part of her Conceptual art background. --- This lack of transposing imbues the objects with vitality, energy and potency. --- Often the spectator feels that he has a ‘direct line’ to the sources that motivated or instigated the image.”

In the fall of 1979 Weinfeld moved to NY where she continued her work on complex memory pieces in the series “Stories for Little Children,” and experimented with posing figures painted in diverse styles in realistic scenes. The series were exhibited in 1981 and 1983 at the Gordon Gallery in Tel-Aviv. In 1991 Weinfeld exhibited two series of works, “Mother’s Clichés,” and “For the initiated history consists of just a few words.” The exhibition was curated by Ariela Azoulay who wrote an essay in the accompanying catalogue.

ONE PERSON SHOWS

2013 Gordon Gallery 2, Tel-Aviv

1991 Bograshov Gallery, Tel-Aviv

1982 Gordon Gallery, Tel-Aviv

1981 Gordon Gallery, Tel Aviv

1979 Israel Museum, Jerusalem

1976 Debel Gallery, Jerusalem

1975 Debel Gallery, Jerusalem

1974 Debel Gallery, Jerusalem

1972 Bar-Kochba Gallery, Tel-Aviv

1971 The Little Gallery, Jerusalem

1969 Mabat Gallery, Tel Aviv

SELECTED GROUP SHOWS

2010 Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. Israeli Art Collection

2009 Tel-Aviv Museum, Tel-Aviv. Sixty Years of Art in Israel, The Third Decade: 1968-1978

2008 Haifa Museum of Art, Haifa. Check-Post Art in Israel in the 1980s

2006 Haifa Museum of Art, Haifa. Video Zero

1998 Tel-Aviv Museum, Tel’Aviv. Perspectives on Israeli Art in the Seventies

1992 De Cordova Museum, Lincoln Ma. Goodbye to Apple Pie.

1992 J. Claramunt Gallery, New York. 9 Artists' Social Views.

1991 The Gallery at Hastings-on Hudson, Hastings on Hudson, N.Y.

1987 O Roe Electric Art Space, Hoboken. Archetype/ Symbol/ Photograph.

1985 Four Walls, Hoboken.

1984 The University Art Gallery, State University at Albany, Ny

1981 Basel Art Fair, Basel. Trends in Israeli Art 1970-81.

1981 Henie Onstaad Kunstsenter, Hovikoden, Norway. Ung Kunst fra Israel.

1981 The Jewish Museum, New York. Artists From Israel.

1979 A.I.R Gallery, New York. Artists of Israel.

1978 Tel-Aviv Museum, Tel-Aviv. Artist and Society.

1977 Galerie Magers, Bonn. Frauen Machen Kunst.

1977 Louisiana Museum, Humlebaek, Denmark. 10 Artists from Israel.

1976 Artists' House, Tel-Aviv. Performance.

1975 Kasseler Kunst Verein, Kassel. Jerusalemer Kunstler.

1975 Basel Art Fair, Basel.

1974 Israel Museum, Jerusalem. Beyond Drawing.

1969 Gordon Gallery, Tel-Aviv: 10+ exhibition, “In a Circle.”

1967 Gordon Gallery, Tel-Aviv: 10+ exhibition, “The Nude.”

CATALOGUES

Sixty Years of Art in Israel, The Third Decade: 1968-1978. Tel-Aviv Museum, Tel-Aviv, 2009

Check-Post: Art in Israel in the 1980s. Haifa Museum of Art, Haifa, 2008

Video Zero. Haifa Museum, Haifa, 2006

Perspectives on Israeli Art of the Seventies. Tel-Aviv Museum, Tel-Aviv,1998, Mordechai Omer

Good-Bye to Apple Pie: Contemporary Artists View the Family in Crisis. De Cordova Museum, Lincoln, MA., 1992, Nicholas Capasso.

Yocheved Weinfeld. Bograshov Gallery, Tel-Aviv, 1991, Ariela Azoulay Armon.

New York Images: New Directions. The University State Gallery, Albany, 1984.

Ung Kunst fra Israel.Henie Onstad Kunstsenter, Hovikodden, Norway 1981

Artists of Israel. The Jewish Museum, New York, 1981, Susan Goodman.

Artists from Israel. A.I.R Gallery, New York, 1979, Dorit Levitte.

Yocheved Weinfeld. The Israel Museum,1979, Stephany Rahum.

Artist's Choice. Tel-Aviv Museum, 1979, Marc Scheps.

Art and Society. Tel-Aviv Museum, 1978, Sara Breitberg.

Kunstnere fra Israel. Louisiana, Denmark, 1977.

Frauen Machen Kunst. Galerie Magers, Bonn, 1976, M. Jochimson.

Performance 76. Artists House, Tel-Aviv, 1976, Gideon Ofrat.

Beyond Drawing. Israel Museum, Jerusalem,1974, Yona Fischer.

ARTICLES AND REFERENCES

A biography from the Legacy Project (includes list of her works)

Short biography from the Israel Museum, Jerusalem

Yocheved Weinfeld's portraits of the self, Gannit Ankori, (Woman's Art Journal, vol. 10 no.2, 1989).

The Uses and Abuses of Photography in Holocaust-Related Art, Monica Bohm-Duchen, Indiana University Press, 2003.

Complex Identities: Jewish Consciousness and Modern Art, Matthew Baigell, Milly Heyd, Rutgers University, 1989

In Search of Identity: Jewish Aspects in Israeli Culture, Dan Urian, Efraim Karsh

Image and Rememberence: Representation and the Holocaust, Shelley Hornstein, Florence Jacobowitz

The Cambridge Dictionary of Judaism and Jewish Culture, Judith R. Baskin

Ankori, Gannit. "The Jewish Venus". Complex Identities; Jewish Consciousness and Modern Art. Edited by Matthew Baigell and Milly Heyd. Rutgers University Press, 2001

Ankori, Gannit. "A Direct Line to the Mind, Yocheved Weinfeld - New York, the Eighties." Studio 6, December 1989, Tel-Aviv.

Baruch, Adam. "They shoot at Memory". Monitin 27, November 1980, Tel-Aviv.

Baruch, Adam. "Yocheved Weinfeld 1975-81: A File." Yediot Ahronot. June, 1981, Tel-Aviv.

Baruch, Adam. "Yocheved Weinfeld: The Changing Focus." Yediot Ahronot. July 30, 1982, Tel-Aviv.

Baruch, Adam. "Yocheved Weinfeld, Emmigrant." Koteret Rashit. April 4, 1984, Jerusalem.

Bar-Kadma, Immanuel. "A Case of a Woman." Yediot Ahronot. January 18, 1991, Tel Aviv.

Barzel, Amnon. Art in Israel. Editor: Giancarlo Politi. Flash Art Books, 1987.

Breitberg, Sara. "Women Artists." Ariel. 1979, Jerusalem.

Gardner, Keith. "So Very Jung." The Hoboken Reporter. March 26, 1987.

Goldfine, Gil. "Yocheved Weinfeld". The Jerusalem Post. June, 1981.

Goldfine, Gil. "Saga of Reflections." The Jerusalem Post. July 30, 1982.

Debel, Ruth. "What does it mean to be an Israeli artist?" Art News, vol. 77, 1978.

Johnsrud, Even Hebbe. "Ung Kunst fra Israel." Aften Posten, June 5, 1981,Norway.

Johnson, Ken. " 'Images' Splashes Color on Art Scene". Sunday Times Union. September 2, 1984, Albany.

Krupp, Danielle. "The Debel Gallery". Ariel. 1985, Jerusalem.

Kushner, Anita. "Lively and Open Minds." The Jerusalem Post. November 18, 1988.

Lippard, Lucy. "Six Artists from Israel". Art in America. January, 1980.

Levitte, Dorrit. "The Near and the Allienated". Haaretz. June, 1979, Israel.

Meizels, Ziva. Depiction and Interpretation. Pergamon Press, 1993.

Nabakowski, Gislind. "Zur Situation und Kreativitat der Frau". Forum fur Aktuelle Kunst. 1976, Innsbruck.

Nabakowski, Gislind. Frauen in der Kunst. Frankfurt, 1981.

Ofrat, Gideon. "Report from Israel". Artengarde 1, 1975. Israel.

Orzechowski, Lothar. "Leben ohne Pathos." Kultur 33, August 2, 1975, Kassel.

Uval, Beth. "Saints and Temptresses". The Jerusalem Post. May 18, 1986.

Ronnen, Meir. "Whimsey and Poetry; Traumas and Taboos". Art News, vol. 75, 1976.

Ronnen, Meir. "Aktion at Ein Karem." The Jerusalem Post. May 21, 1976.

Flash Art. Yocheved Weinfeld. No 60-61, 1975-76

Heute Kunst. Yocheved Weinfeld. No 14-15, 1976