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In 1911 Stewart volunteered to spy on Germany while pretending to be a tourist. He was arrested after receiving a code book from a turned German double agent. Stewart had accomplices but he was the only one arrested in [[Bremen]]. At the time he was trying to gain information about the defenses of the East Frisian islands and Weser estuary.<ref name= "Reader p. 70">{{harvnb|Reader|1991|p=70}}</ref> Stewart was tried by the Supreme Court of the Empire at [[Leipzig]] on 31 January 1912. After four days he was found guilty and sentenced to three and a half years in the [[Kłodzko Fortress|Glatz Fortress]].<ref name= "Emmerson p. 13"/>
In 1911 Stewart volunteered to spy on Germany while pretending to be a tourist. He was arrested after receiving a code book from a turned German double agent. Stewart had accomplices but he was the only one arrested in [[Bremen]]. At the time he was trying to gain information about the defenses of the East Frisian islands and Weser estuary.<ref name= "Reader p. 70">{{harvnb|Reader|1991|p=70}}</ref> Stewart was tried by the Supreme Court of the Empire at [[Leipzig]] on 31 January 1912. After four days he was found guilty and sentenced to three and a half years in the [[Kłodzko Fortress|Glatz Fortress]].<ref name= "Emmerson p. 13"/>


Stewart and another British spy, [[Bernard Frederick Trench|Captain Trench]], were pardoned and released by the German Kaiser as a present to [[Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick|Ernest Augustus the Duke of Brunswick]] when Augustus married the Kaiser's daughter, [[Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia]].<ref name="Emmerson p. 13"/> (They married on 24 May 1913). Stewart was annoyed at his capture and sued the UK government for £12,500 for damage to his health. Some consider Stewart to have been a fantasist.<ref name=cc>[http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral/memorials/WW1/Bertrand-Stewart Bertrand Stewart], Christ Church College, Oxford University, retrieved 23 September 2014</ref>
Stewart and another British spy, [[Bernard Frederick Trench|Captain Trench]], were pardoned and released by the German Kaiser as a present to [[Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick|Ernest Augustus the Duke of Brunswick]] when Augustus married the Kaiser's daughter, [[Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia]].<ref name="Emmerson p. 13"/> (They married on 24 May 1913). Stewart was annoyed at his capture and sued the UK government for £12,500 for damage to his health. Some consider Stewart to have been a fantasist.<ref name=cc>[http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral/memorials/WW1/Bertrand-Stewart Bertrand Stewart] {{wayback|url=http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral/memorials/WW1/Bertrand-Stewart |date=* }}, Christ Church College, Oxford University, retrieved 23 September 2014</ref>


When the Great War started he was quickly given a position in the Intelligence Department on the Staff of [[Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby|Major General Allenby]]. During the [[First Battle of the Marne|Battle of the Marne]] in the opening months of the war his unit was facing fierce German attacks and he grabbed a rifle and went to help the men at the front lines. He was found dead by future author and member of the same unit Frederick Coleman near the [[Vesle|River Vesle]].<ref name="The New Zealand Herald p. 7"/>
When the Great War started he was quickly given a position in the Intelligence Department on the Staff of [[Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby|Major General Allenby]]. During the [[First Battle of the Marne|Battle of the Marne]] in the opening months of the war his unit was facing fierce German attacks and he grabbed a rifle and went to help the men at the front lines. He was found dead by future author and member of the same unit Frederick Coleman near the [[Vesle|River Vesle]].<ref name="The New Zealand Herald p. 7"/>
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===Bibliography===
===Bibliography===


*{{cite web |ref=harv|last=Christ Church, Oxford|authorlink=Christ Church, Oxford|year=2014|url = http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral/memorials/WW1/Bertrand-Stewart|title = Bertrand Stewart|format = |publisher = [[Christ Church, Oxford]]| accessdate = September 22, 2014 |quote=}}
*{{cite web|ref=harv |last=Christ Church, Oxford |authorlink=Christ Church, Oxford |year=2014 |url=http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral/memorials/WW1/Bertrand-Stewart |title=Bertrand Stewart |format= |publisher=[[Christ Church, Oxford]] |accessdate=September 22, 2014 |quote= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131620270900/http://www.chch.ox.ac.uk/cathedral/memorials/WW1/Bertrand-Stewart |archivedate=January 1, 1970 |df= }}
*{{cite book |ref=harv|last=Emmerson|first=Charles | authorlink = | title = 1913: The World before the Great War|edition=2013|year=2013| publisher = [[Random House]]| isbn= 9781448137329 }} <small>- Total pages: 544 </small>
*{{cite book |ref=harv|last=Emmerson|first=Charles | authorlink = | title = 1913: The World before the Great War|edition=2013|year=2013| publisher = [[Random House]]| isbn= 9781448137329 }} <small>- Total pages: 544 </small>
*{{cite book |ref=harv|last=Reader|first=W. J. | authorlink = | title = At Duty's Call: A Study in Obsolete Patriotism|edition=1991|year=1991| publisher = [[Manchester University Press]]| isbn= 9780719024092}} <small>- Total pages: 160 </small>
*{{cite book |ref=harv|last=Reader|first=W. J. | authorlink = | title = At Duty's Call: A Study in Obsolete Patriotism|edition=1991|year=1991| publisher = [[Manchester University Press]]| isbn= 9780719024092}} <small>- Total pages: 160 </small>

Revision as of 20:21, 31 October 2016

Bertrand Stewart
Captain Bertrand STEWART portrait photograph taken c1905. He is dressed in his British Army uniform
BornDecember 1872
38 Eaton Place London, England
Died12 September 1914(1914-09-12) (aged 41)
Near the River Vesle Battle of the Marne
Buried
Braisne Communal Cemetery A3
AllegianceUnited Kingdom
RankCaptain
CommandsQueen's Own West Kent Yeomanry
Battles / wars
AwardsQueen's South Africa Medal
Spouse(s)Amy Daphne, daughter of Lt.-Colonel George Kendall Priaulx
Other workSpy, solicitor

Bertrand Stewart (December 1872 – 18 September 1914) worked as a solicitor in London and was also a military officer in the Queen's Own West Kent Yeomanry, he fought in the Second Boer War and World War I. In between the two wars he volunteered to spy on German naval actions. He was famously arrested in Germany on 2 August 1911 and sentenced to four years in prison. Stewart and another British spy, Captain Trench, were pardoned and released by the German Kaiser as a present to Ernest Augustus the Duke of Brunswick when Augustus married the Kaiser's daughter, Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia.[1] He died fighting off a German attack near the River Vesle during the Battle of the Marne.[2]

Early life

Stewart went to school at Eton (Durnford’s House). In 1897 he graduated from law school and was admitted as a solicitor. He then became employed at the firm of Markby, Stewart & Co., of Coleman Street, London.[3]

Military career and spy craft

When the Boer War started Bertrand joined the West Kent as a Private. He fought in British operations at Cape Colony, Orange River Colony, and the Transvaal.[3] In 1906 he became an officer in the Queen's Own West Kent Yeomanry.

In 1911 Stewart volunteered to spy on Germany while pretending to be a tourist. He was arrested after receiving a code book from a turned German double agent. Stewart had accomplices but he was the only one arrested in Bremen. At the time he was trying to gain information about the defenses of the East Frisian islands and Weser estuary.[4] Stewart was tried by the Supreme Court of the Empire at Leipzig on 31 January 1912. After four days he was found guilty and sentenced to three and a half years in the Glatz Fortress.[1]

Stewart and another British spy, Captain Trench, were pardoned and released by the German Kaiser as a present to Ernest Augustus the Duke of Brunswick when Augustus married the Kaiser's daughter, Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia.[1] (They married on 24 May 1913). Stewart was annoyed at his capture and sued the UK government for £12,500 for damage to his health. Some consider Stewart to have been a fantasist.[5]

When the Great War started he was quickly given a position in the Intelligence Department on the Staff of Major General Allenby. During the Battle of the Marne in the opening months of the war his unit was facing fierce German attacks and he grabbed a rifle and went to help the men at the front lines. He was found dead by future author and member of the same unit Frederick Coleman near the River Vesle.[2]

Notes

Citations

  1. ^ a b c Emmerson 2013, p. 13
  2. ^ a b The New Zealand Herald 1914, p. 7
  3. ^ a b Christ Church, Oxford 2014
  4. ^ Reader 1991, p. 70
  5. ^ Bertrand Stewart Archive index at the Wayback Machine, Christ Church College, Oxford University, retrieved 23 September 2014

Bibliography

  • Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation at line 986: bad argument #2 to 'format' (string expected, got nil).
  • Emmerson, Charles (2013). 1913: The World before the Great War (2013 ed.). Random House. ISBN 9781448137329. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help) - Total pages: 544
  • Reader, W. J. (1991). At Duty's Call: A Study in Obsolete Patriotism (1991 ed.). Manchester University Press. ISBN 9780719024092. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help) - Total pages: 160
  • The New Zealand Herald (21 September 1914). "Notable Names". Retrieved September 22, 2014. {{cite news}}: |archive-date= requires |archive-url= (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
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