Long ton: Difference between revisions
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'''Long ton''',<ref name |
'''Long ton''',<ref name=USseaLift>{{cite web|url=http://www.msc.navy.mil/inventory/glossary.htm |title=Definitions, Tonnages and Equivalents |work=Military Sealift Fleet Support Command Ships |accessdate=11 September 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20132015295500/http://www.msc.navy.mil/inventory/glossary.htm |archivedate=25 May 2017 |df= }}</ref> also known as the '''imperial ton''' or '''displacement ton'''<ref name=USseaLift/><ref name = DicDotCom>Dictionary.com - ''"a unit for measuring the displacement of a vessel, equal to a long ton of 2240 pounds (1016 kg) or 35 cu. ft. (1 cu. m) of seawater."''</ref> is the name for the unit called the "[[ton]]" in the [[avoirdupois]] or [[Imperial unit|Imperial]] system of measurements standardised in the thirteenth century that is used in the [[United Kingdom]] and several other [[Commonwealth of Nations|British Commonwealth of Nations]] countries alongside the [[mass]]-based metric ton invented in 1799. |
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==Unit definition== |
==Unit definition== |
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Revision as of 17:01, 25 May 2017
Long ton,[1] also known as the imperial ton or displacement ton[1][2] is the name for the unit called the "ton" in the avoirdupois or Imperial system of measurements standardised in the thirteenth century that is used in the United Kingdom and several other British Commonwealth of Nations countries alongside the mass-based metric ton invented in 1799.
Unit definition
A long ton is defined as exactly 2,240 pounds. The long ton arises from the traditional British measurement system: A long ton is 20 cwt, each of which is 8 stone (1 stone = 14 pounds). Thus a long ton is 20 × 8 × 14 lb = 2,240 lb.
Unit equivalences
A long ton, also called the weight ton (W/T)[1] is equal to 2,240 pounds (1,016 kg), coincidentally equivalent to the mass of 35 cubic feet (0.99 m3) of salt water with a density of 64 pounds per cubic foot (1.03 g/cm3).[1] One long ton is 1.12 short tons or 12% larger than the 2,000 pounds of the North American short ton, and 1.6% larger than the 1,000-kilogram (2,205 lb) tonne (metric ton).
It has some limited use in the United States, most commonly in measuring the displacement of ships, the volume-to-carrying-weight of fuels and in trade of baled commodities[1] and bulk goods like elemental sulfur. The long ton was the unit prescribed for warships by the Washington Naval Treaty 1922—for example battleships were limited to a displacement of 35,000 long tons (36,000 t; 39,000 short tons).
To comply with the practices of the European Union, the British Imperial ton was explicitly excluded from use for trade by the United Kingdom's Weights and Measures Act of 1985.[3][4]
International usage
In order to avoid confusion, especially in international environments, it is recommended to always use the full name: "short ton", "long ton" or "metric tonne".
See also
- Short ton, equal to 2,000 lb (907.2 kg).
- Ton
- Tonnage, volume measurement used in maritime shipping, originally based on 100 cubic feet (2.83 m3).
- Tonne, also known as a metric ton (t), equal to 1,000 kg (2,205 lb) or 1 megagram.
References
- ^ a b c d e Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation at line 986: bad argument #3 to 'format' (string expected, got nil).
- ^ Dictionary.com - "a unit for measuring the displacement of a vessel, equal to a long ton of 2240 pounds (1016 kg) or 35 cu. ft. (1 cu. m) of seawater."
- ^ legislation.gov.uk: Weights and Measures Act 1985 Retrieved 17 January 2013.
- ^ A Dictionary of Weights, Measures, and Units, edited by Donald Fenna, Oxford University Press