People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals: Difference between revisions
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==Changes it!== |
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{{dablink|PETA redirects here. For other uses, see [[Peta]].}} |
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[[Image:Petalogo.png|right|frame|People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals logo]] |
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Wikipedia is a source of miss information, were articles can be changed by any one at free will. It is a intrust worthy site which makes money by letting all facts become a popularity contest. To prove my point, & to help change that, go to any Wikipedia page, then hit edit & delete the whole article and paste this! |
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'''People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals''' ('''PETA''') is the largest [[animal rights]] organization in the world.<ref name=about>[http://www.peta.org/about/ "About Peta"], retrieved July 10, 2006.</ref> Founded in 1980 and based in [[Norfolk, Virginia]], it is a nonprofit, tax-exempt [[501(c)|501(c)(3)]] corporation, with 187 employees as of April 2006,<ref name=givedotorg>[http://charityreports.give.org/Public/Report.aspx?CharityID=1160 "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals"], ''Give.org'', April 2006, retrieved April 12, 2006.</ref> and funded almost exclusively by the contributions of its stated one million members.<ref name=about/> Outside the United States, there are affiliated offices in Canada, France, UK, Germany, India, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, South Africa, and Taiwan.<ref>[http://www.peta.org.uk PETA UK], [http://www.petaindia.com PETA India], [http://www.peta.de PETA Germany], [http://www.peta.nl PETA Netherlands]</ref> There is also the peta2 Street Team for high-school and college-age activists.<ref>[http://www.peta2.com PETA2 Street Team]</ref> [[Ingrid Newkirk]] is PETA's international president. |
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The point of the Ban Wikipedia movement is simple; if any one can make changes, then its all rhetoric, but if they get very strict on who can be an editor & who can't, then they can be more reliable. If one in every hundred people post that, then they'll think twice about letting any one post, then they can make it safer by keeping any one out! |
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PETA's slogan is "animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, or use for entertainment."<ref name=about>[http://www.peta.org/about About PETA]</ref> In support of that position, it focuses on four core issues: [[factory farming]],<ref name=meat>[http://www.masskilling.com/ "Meet your meat"], ''Peta.org''.</ref> [[fur farming]], [[animal testing]], and animals in entertainment. It also campaigns against [[fishing]], the killing of animals regarded as [[Pest (animal)|pests]], abuse of backyard dogs, and [[cock fighting]]. The organization aims to inform the public of its position through advertisements, undercover investigations, animal rescue, and government lobbying. It also takes in animals, including strays and those given to PETA by their owners, finding homes for some and [[Euthanasia|euthanizing]] the rest.<ref name=euthanasia>[http://www.peta.org/MC/factsheet_display.asp?ID=39 "Euthanasia: The Compassionate Option"], ''Peta.org''</ref> |
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The organization has been criticized for some of its campaigns, for the actions of some of its employees regarding their treatment of animals,<ref name=Freeman>Freeman, Darren. [http://home.hamptonroads.com/stories/story.cfm?story=93730&ran=57036 "PETA workers face 25 felony counts in North Carolina"], ''The Virginian Pilot'', October 15, 2005</ref> and for its support of activists associated with the [[Animal Liberation Front]]. <ref name=beautyObserver> Doward, Jamie. [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/focus/story/0,6903,1273697,00.html "Beauty and the beasts"], ''The Observer'', August 1, 2004.</ref><ref name=NewkirkBest>Newkirk, Ingrid. "The ALF: Who, Why, and What?", ''Terrorists or Freedom Fighters? Reflections on the Liberation of Animals''. Best, Steven & Nocella, Anthony J (eds). Lantern 2004, p. 341./</ref> |
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==Profile== |
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PETA is an [[animal rights]] organization, meaning that in addition to focusing on [[animal welfare]] and protection issues, it rejects the idea of animals as property, and opposes all forms of [[speciesism]], [[animal testing]], [[meat]] eating, [[factory farming]], and [[hunting]], as well as the use of animals in entertainment<ref name=EB>"Animal rights", ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', retrieved July 10, 2006.</ref> or as clothing, furniture, or decoration. PETA's president, Ingrid Newkirk, said in 1983: "[[Animal liberation movement|Animal liberationists]] do not separate out the human animal, so there is no rational basis for saying that a human being has special rights. [[Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose|A rat is a pig is a dog is a boy]]. They're all mammals."<ref name=Spiked>Derbyshire, Stuart. [http://www.spiked-online.com/Articles/0000000054FF.htm "A timeline of reaction"], Spiked Online, March 8, 2001.</ref> |
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The organization's website states: "PETA believes that animals have rights and deserve to have their best interests taken into consideration, regardless of whether they are useful to humans. Like you, they are capable of suffering and have an interest in leading their own lives; therefore, they are not ours to use — for food, clothing, entertainment, experimentation, or any other reason."<ref>[http://www.peta.org PETA's homepage].</ref> |
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In PETA's 2004 annual review, Newkirk stated: "Everyone eats, so we have done our best not only to reform the worst abuses in [[factory farming]] and [[slaughterhouse]]s, but to promote a compassionate [[Veganism|vegan diet]], providing all the resources, from recipes to health tips, that a person could ever need. We have also revolutionized the way some companies do business, getting them to stop selling [[fur]], boycott Australian [[merino]] wool, and abandon painful [[Animal testing|animal-poisoning tests]] in favor of sophisticated non-animal methods. We have shown how to prevent flooding without destroying [[beaver]]s' homes and how to prevent birds from entering [[Big-box store|"big box"]] stores without using cruel glue traps. In the past year alone, former [[circus]] and [[zoo]] [[elephant]]s were sent to sanctuaries, [[Hog-baiting|hog-dog rodeos]] were banned, and cruel companies were fined. We also educated millions of kids about [[animal rights]] through our teacher network and education programs."<ref name=annual2004>[http://www.peta.org/feat/annual_review04/ "PETA annual review 2004"], ''Peta.org''.</ref> |
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===History=== |
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[[Image:AlexPacheco(PETA).jpg||right|frame|PETA co-founder [[Alex Pacheco (activist)|Alex Pacheco's]] undercover investigation at the Institute for Behavioral Research in 1981 first brought PETA to public attention. See [[Silver Spring monkeys]]. ]] |
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Founded in 1980, PETA first came to public attention in 1981 during what became known as the [[Silver Spring monkeys]] case.<ref name=NewkirkFree>[[Ingrid Newkirk|Newkirk, Ingrid]]. ''Free the Animals''. Lantern Books, 2000. ISBN 1-930051-22-0</ref> [[Alex Pacheco (activist)|Alex Pacheco]], PETA co-founder with Newkirk, conducted an undercover investigation inside a [[primate]] research laboratory at the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland. The lead researcher, Dr. Edward Taub, was studying regeneration of severed nerves by cutting nerves in the limbs of 17 monkeys, then applying electric shocks, physical restraint of intact limbs, and withholding food to see what, if anything, would force them to use the damaged limbs.<ref name=Johnson>Johnson, David. [http://www.curledup.com/mindbrai.htm Review of ''The Mind and the Brain: Neuroplasticity and the Power of Mental Force''], ''curledup.com''</ref> Pacheco visited the institute at night and took photographs that showed the monkeys were living in "filthy conditions," according to the Institute for Animal Research's ''ILAR Journal''.<ref name=Sideris>Sideris, Lisa et al. [http://dels.nas.edu/ilar_n/ilarjournal/40_1/40_1Roots.shtml "Roots of Concern with Nonhuman Animals in Biomedical Ethics"], Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, ILAR Journal V40(1) 1999.</ref> He turned his evidence over to the police, who raided the lab and arrested Taub. Taub was later convicted of six counts of animal cruelty, the first conviction in the U.S. of a research scientist, although it was later overturned on appeal. |
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The case, which lasted ten years, led to the creation of the Animal Welfare Act of 1985,<ref name=Schwartz>Schwartz, Jeffrey M. and Begley, Sharon. ''The Mind and the Brain: Neuroplasticity and the Power of Mental Force'', Regan Books, 2002.</ref> and became the first animal-testing case to be argued before the [[United States Supreme Court]],<ref name=NewkirkFree>Newkirk, Ingrid. ''Free the Animals''. Lantern, 2000.</ref> which unanimously rejected PETA's application for custody of some of the monkeys. They remained instead with the [[National Institutes of Health]], which had funded Taub's research, until they died or were [[Euthanasia|euthanized]].<ref name=Sideris/> The case defined PETA as an activist group that was able and willing to use undercover methods, the courts, and the media to achieve its aims. |
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===Philosophy and activism=== |
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:''See also [[List of notable supporters of PETA]]'' |
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The organization is known for its undercover investigations and aggressive media campaigns. Newkirk has said of PETA's campaign strategy: "How do we pick our battles? By trying to touch the public imagination, the public heart, and by choosing targets that will result in great change for large numbers of animals and set an example for others to follow when we win our battles with them."<ref name=annual2004/> |
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It is also known for its celebrity supporters, who include Sir [[Paul McCartney]], [[Pamela Anderson]], [[Dolly Parton]], [[Morrissey]], [[Montel Williams]], [[P!nk]], [[Jamie Lee Curtis]], and [[Sarah Jessica Parker]]. McCartney has said: "When I first heard of PETA, the idea that it would be called People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals appealed to me because it was elegant and gentle about the idea that we simply just need to treat them ethically. I think the idea has grown from that platform, and now it’s a huge voice for animal awareness."<ref name=McCartney>[http://www.peta.org/campaigns/sirpaul.asp "We will win!"], PETA interview with Sir Paul McCartney, retrieved July 10, 2006.</ref> McCartney's late wife, [[Linda McCartney|Linda]], and their daughter, fashion designer [[Stella McCartney]], also became committed supporters, as did McCartney's estranged second wife, [[Heather Mills McCartney]]. Stella McCartney, who turned down a chance to become lead designer for the [[Gucci]] Group in 2000 because of the fashion house's work with leather and fur,<ref>"Stella McCartney", ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 2006.</ref> recorded a video for PETA in 1998<ref>[http://www.petatv.com/tvpopup/Prefs.asp?video=furfarm "Fur farm investigation"], narrated by Stella McCartney, ''PETAtv.com''.</ref> (video) showing footage from its four-month undercover investigation into fur farming. |
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Many of PETA's campaigns have focused on large corporations, such as [[KFC]], [[McDonald's]], [[Wendy]]'s, [[Burger King]], [[PETCO]], [[Procter & Gamble]], [[Covance]], and [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]] (HLS). PETA now focuses on [[KFC]], and has launched the website http://kentuckyfriedcruelty.com. In 1997, PETA initiated what has become an international, and frequently violent, campaign against HLS, when video footage shot covertly inside the company by PETA investigator Michele Rokke<ref name=beautyObserver/> was aired on British television, showing staff beating the beagles in their care<ref name=insideHLS>[http://www.huntingdonsucks.com/gallery/InsideHLS.mpg Undercover video footage of HLS employees beating a puppy], filmed at the Huntingdon Research Centre, England.</ref> (video). When HLS threatened legal action, PETA was forced to retreat from the campaign, fearing crippling costs, and [[Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty]], a loose affiliation of activists with links to other groups, took its place.<ref name=beautyObserver/> |
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[[Image:IngridNewkirk.jpg|left|thumb|180px|PETA's president and co-founder [[Ingrid Newkirk]].]] |
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[[Ingrid Newkirk]] is firm in her support of [[direct action]], which has led to criticism of PETA's backing of [[Animal Liberation Front]] activists, some of whom have received financial support from PETA when faced with legal action. ''The Observer'' has noted what it calls a "network of relationships between seemly unconnected animal rights groups on both sides of the Atlantic,"<ref name=beautyObserver/> writing that, with assets of $6.5 million, and with the PETA Foundation holding further assets of $15 million, PETA funds individual activists and activist groups, some with "links to extremists,"<ref name=beautyObserver/> such as activists operating under the names Animal Liberation Front and Earth Liberation Front, which has been deemed a terrorist group by the Federal Bureau of Investigation of the United States.<ref name=FBIterrorism>[http://www.fbi.gov/congress/congress02/jarboe021202.htm "The Threat of Eco-Terrorism"] - Testimony of James F. Jarboe, Domestic Terrorism Section Chief, Counterterrorism Division, FBI February 12, 2002</ref><ref>[http://www.fbi.gov/publications/terror/terroris.pdf#page=28 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF INCIDENTS IN THE UNITED STATES] - TERRORISM in the United States - 1996</ref><ref>[http://www.fbi.gov/page2/jan06/elf012006.htm ECO-TERROR INDICTMENTS - 'Operation Backfire' Nets 11]</ref><ref>Rood, Justin. [http://www.cq.com/public/20050325_homeland.html "Animal Rights Groups and Ecology Militants Make DHS Terrorist List, Right-Wing Vigilantes Omitted"], ''Congressional Quarterly'', March 25, 2005.</ref> |
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[[Rod Coronado]], a former ALF activist, is alleged to have received $70,000 from the group to fund his legal defense when he was convicted of having set fire to a Michigan State University research lab in 1992.<ref name=beautyObserver/> PETA is also alleged to have donated $1.3 million to the [[Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine]] (PCRM),<ref name=beautyObserver/> an organization that promotes the use of alternatives to animal testing, but which has been criticized for its links with the ALF, and in particular with Dr. [[Jerry Vlasak]], a trauma surgeon who runs the North American [[Animal Liberation Press Office]].<ref name=VlasakObserver>Doward, Jamie. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/animalrights/story/0,11917,1268819,00.html "Kill scientists, says animal rights chief"], ''The Observer'', July 25, 2004.</ref> Vlasak caused controversy in 2004 when he told ''The Observer'': "I don't think you'd have to kill too many [researchers]. I think for five lives, 10 lives, 15 human lives, we could save a million, 2 million, 10 million non-human lives."<ref name=VlasakObserver/> PETA also gave $5,000 to the Josh Harper Support Committee, before Harper was convicted of "animal enterprise terrorism" in the U.S. in connection with the [[Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty]] (SHAC) campaign<ref>Woolcock, Nicola. [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,11069-2068837,00.html "Animal rights activists convicted in the US of terrorising British lab"], ''The Times'', March 4, 2006.</ref> and, according to the ''New York Post'', gave $1,500 to the [[Earth Liberation Front]] in 2001.<ref name=NYP>Friedman, Stefan C. [Friedman, Stefan C. [http://espn.go.com/outdoors/general/columns/guest_columnist/1349596.html "The PETA-ELF connection"], ''New York Post''.</ref> Newkirk said of the ELF donation that it was a mistake, and that the money was supposed to be used for "public education about destruction of habitat."<ref name=NYP/> |
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In general, Newkirk makes no apology for PETA's support of activists who may break the law, writing that "no movement for social change has ever succeeded without 'the militarism component'. Not until black demonstrators resorted to violence did the national government work seriously for civil rights legislation. In the 1930s labor struggles had to turn violent before any significant gains were made. In 1850 white abolitionists, having given up on peaceful means, began to encourage and engage in actions that disrupted plantation operations and liberated slaves. Was that all wrong?"<ref name=NewkirkBest/> Of the Animal Liberation Front, she writes: "Thinkers may prepare revolutions, but bandits must carry them out."<ref name=NewkirkBest/> |
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PETA members have themselves crossed the line between campaigning and direct action, particularly in their long-standing efforts to halt the [[fur]] industry,<ref name=PETAfur>[http://www.furisdead.com/history.asp History of PETA's fur campaign], ''Furisdead.com''.</ref> which has involved disrupting fashion shows and throwing paint at fur coats.<ref>"Fur", ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 2006.</ref> In 1996, PETA activists famously threw a dead [[raccoon]] onto the table of [[Anna Wintour]], the editor-in-chief of ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'', who promotes the use of fur in fashion, while she was dining at the Four Seasons in New York, and left bloody paw prints and the words "Fur Hag" on the steps of her home. PETA supporters have also [[Pieing|pied]] Wintour more than once,<ref name=VillageVoice>Zappia, Corina. [http://www.villagevoice.com/nyclife/0543,zappia1,69148,15.html "Bloody Brilliant |
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Pie, Anna Wintour, and the history of fur protest"], ''Village Voice'', October 20, 2005.</ref> and a member delivered a package of maggot-infested innards to her office in April 2000, explaining in a press release that "Anna stole this animal’s skin and his life, she might as well have his guts."<ref>Loewenberg, Anna Sophie. [http://www.jrn.columbia.edu/studentwork/nyrm/2001/features/peta.html "The Fur Police"], ''The New York Review of Magazines'', undated, retrieved July 11, 2006.</ref> |
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===Campaigning=== |
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[[Image:TurlingtonPETA.jpg|right|thumb|300px|[[Christy Turlington]] during PETA's "I'd rather go naked than wear fur" campaign]] |
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PETA is best known for its highly visible, controversial campaigns. ''(See [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals#Some PETA campaigns|below]].)'' The Lettuce Ladies, young women dressed in bikinis which appear to be made of lettuce, gather in city centers to hand out leaflets about [[veganism]]. Every year the "Running of the Nudes" campaign sees PETA activists run naked through [[Pamplona]], [[Spain]] in a parody of the annual [[Running of the Bulls]] tradition<ref>[http://www.runningofthenudes.com/ Runningofthenudes.com]</ref> (video). Supermodels such as [[Christy Turlington]] and [[Naomi Campbell]] have posed naked on billboards with the slogan "I'd Rather Go Naked than Wear Fur" emblazoned across their chests.<ref name=FashionEB>"Fashion and Dress", ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 2006.</ref> Cities are regularly asked to change their names in exchange for supplies of veggie burgers: the New York suburbs of Hamburg and Fishkill have both been approached, as have Hamburg and Frankfurt in Germany. |
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==== Holocaust on your Plate ==== |
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{{main|Animal rights and the Holocaust}} |
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Other campaigns are hard-hitting and controversial. The 2003 [[Animal rights and the Holocaust|Holocaust on your Plate]] exhibition, funded by an anonymous [[Philanthropy|philanthropist]],<ref name=Teather>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/animalrights/story/0,11917,906289,00.html "'Holocaust on a plate' angers US Jews"]David Teather, ''The Guardian'', March 3, 2003.</ref> consisted of eight 60-square-foot panels, each juxtaposing images of the [[Holocaust]] with images of [[factory farming]]. Photographs of concentration camp inmates in wooden bunks were shown next to photographs of caged chickens, and piled bodies of Holocaust victims next to a pile of pig carcasses. Captions alleged that "like the Jews murdered in [[concentration camp]]s, animals are terrorized when they are housed in huge filthy warehouses and rounded up for shipment to slaughter. The leather sofa and handbag are the moral equivalent of the lampshades made from the skins of people killed in the [[Extermination camps in the Holocaust|death camps]]."<ref name=SmithHolocaust>Smith, Wesley J. [http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2003/12/21/INGH63PBJ81.DTL "PETA to cannibals: Don't let them eat steak"], ''San Francisco Chronicle'', December 21, 2003.</ref> |
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[[Image:Holocaust plate.png|left|frame|Under the headline "Baby Butchers," PETA shows an image of children behind bars in a [[concentration camp]] next to a pen filled with pigs]] |
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The creator of the campaign, Matt Prescott, who is Jewish and lost several relatives in the Holocaust, told ''The Guardian'': "The very same mindset that made the Holocaust possible — that we can do anything we want to those we decide are 'different or inferior' — is what allows us to commit atrocities against animals every single day. ... The fact is, all animals feel pain, fear and loneliness. We're asking people to recognise that what Jews and others went through in the Holocaust is what animals go through every day in factory farms."<ref name=Teather/> The project's website cited Jewish Nobel laureate [[Isaac Bashevis Singer]], who wrote of animals: "In relation to them, all people are [[Nazi]]s; for the animals it is an eternal [[Treblinka]]."<ref>[http://www.peta.org/Living/at-spring2002/treblinka/ "Eternal Treblinka"], ''Peta.org''.</ref><ref>Singer's words were spoken by a character in his novel "Enemies: A Love Story." ([http://www.cnn.com/2003/US/Northeast/02/28/peta.holocaust "Group blasts PETA 'Holocaust' project"], CNN, February 28, 2003.)</ref> The Jewish [[Anti-Defamation League]] denounced the campaign.<ref name=ADL1>Press Release [http://www.adl.org/PresRele/HolNa_52/4235_52.htm "ADL Denounces Peta for its 'Holocaust On Your Plate', ADL Website Campaign; Calls Appeal for Jewish Community Support 'The Height Of Chutzpah'], February 24, 2003</ref> The chairman of the ADL, [[Abraham Foxman]] said the exhibition, was "outrageous, offensive and takes [[chutzpah]] to new heights ... The effort by Peta to compare the deliberate systematic murder of millions of Jews to the issue of animal rights is abhorrent."<ref name=Teather/> PETA has since apologized for this campaign. In a statement to the ADL, Ingrid Newkirk said she realized that the campaign had caused pain: "This was never our intention, and we are deeply sorry."<ref name=ADL2>Press Release [http://www.adl.org/Anti_semitism/holocaust_imagery.asp "Holocaust Imagery and Animal Rights"], ADL Website, August 2, 2005</ref> |
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PETA has used Holocaust imagery before. A television public service announcement entitled "They Came for Us at Night," which aired on U.S. cable networks and in Warsaw, Poland, in July 2003, "showed the outside world through the slats of a boxcar and is narrated by a man (with an accent) who describes the plight of being transported with no food and water," according to the Anti-Defamation League, and drew an analogy between the plight of animals being transported to their deaths in cattle cars with Jews in the same situation during the Holocaust.<ref name=ADL2/> Newkirk has been quoted as saying "Six million Jews died in concentration camps, but six billion broiler chickens will die this year in slaughterhouses."<ref name=Shafran><Rabbi Avi Shafran, [http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/25916/format/html/displaystory.html "This time PETA's guilty of missing the point", Jewish News Weekly of Northern California, May 20, 2005</ref> '' |
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The organization was criticized again in 2003 when Newkirk sent a letter<ref>[http://www.peta.org/feat/arafat/ PETA's letter to Yasser Arafat], February 3, 2003.</ref> to then-PLO leader [[Yasser Arafat]] in response to a [[Jerusalem]] bombing attack, in which a donkey was loaded with explosives and blown up.<ref>Lynne, Diana. [http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=31211 "PETA likens chickens |
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to Holocaust victims"], February 25, 2003.</ref> After being "bombarded with calls," according to a PETA spokesperson, Newkirk asked Arafat to appeal to those involved in the attacks to keep animals out of the conflict. When criticized for involving herself on behalf of the non-human victims only, Newkirk told the ''Washington Post'': "It's not my business to inject myself into human wars."<ref>Dougherty, Kerry [http://www.jewishworldreview.com/0203/peta_ass.asp "Arafat gets ass-inine plea from PETA on intifada"], ''Jewish World Review'', February 10, 2003.</ref> |
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On controversial and offensive campaigns, Ingrid Newkirk explains: |
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{{Quotation|The fact is we are the biggest group because we succeed in getting attention. ... The fact is we may be doing all sorts of things on a campaign but the one thing that gets attention is the outrageous thing. It simply goes to prove to us each time, that that is the thing that’s going to work; and so we won’t shirk from doing that facet — in addition to all the other things we do that you never hear about because no one cares.| Ingrid Newkirk|[http://www.satyamag.com/jan01/newkirk.html ''Satya'', January, 2001]}} |
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Many of the campaigns bear fruit for PETA. [[Burger King]],<ref name=bk1>[http://www.utne.com/webwatch/2002_225/news/3206-1.html "Vegetarians Have It Our Way at Burger King", November 1, 2002]</ref> [[McDonalds]],<ref name=mcdo>[http://money.cnn.com/2004/12/28/news/fortune500/mcdonalds_peta/index.htm "McDonald's eyes PETA-friendly option", December 29, 2004]</ref> [[Wendy's]],<ref name=wen1>[http://www.usatoday.com/money/consumer/2001-09-06-wendy.htm "Wendy's steps up animal welfare standards", September 5, 2001]</ref> [[Petco]],<ref>[http://exoticpets.about.com/b/a/162619.htm "Petco Agreement with PETA", April 15, 2005]</ref> and in 2006, after talks with PETA, [[Polo Ralph Lauren]] announced that it would no longer use fur in any of its lines.<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/animalrights/story/0,,1794545,00.html "Peta claims victory as fashion house drops fur"], Associated Press, June 10, 2006.</ref> |
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===Undercover investigations=== |
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One of PETA's primary aims is to document the treatment of animals in [[Animal testing|research laboratories]] and other facilities where animals are used. To achieve this, it sends its employees into laboratories, circuses, and onto farms, sometimes requiring them to spend many months undercover, filming and otherwise documenting their experiences. |
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PETA does not itself engage in raids on facilities to free animals, but it receives and publicizes tapes recorded by the [[Animal Liberation Front]] during the latter's raids, arranging to meet with ALF activists to receive video footage and documentation, or having them forward it via a third party.<ref name=NewkirkFree/> This practise has led to criticism, as the raids are sometimes violent and may involve the destruction of property, and there has been one allegation that PETA may have had advance knowledge of an attack. In 1995, during the trial of ALF activist [[Rod Coronado]] for an arson attack on [[Michigan State University]], U.S. Attorney Michael Dettmer alleged in a sentencing memorandum that [[Ingrid Newkirk]] had arranged, "days before the MSU arson occurred," to have Coronado send her documents from the lab and a videotape of the raid.<ref>Government Sentencing Memorandum of U.S. Attorney Michael Dettmer in USA v. Rodney Coronado, July 31, 1995, pp. 8-10.</ref> |
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[[Image:600-restraint-tube4.jpg|left|thumb|280px|A [[monkey]] in a restraint tube filmed by PETA in [[Covance]] laboratory in [[Vienna, Virginia]], 2004-5 [http://www.covancecruelty.com/photos.asp] ]] |
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Many of PETA's investigations have led to legal action against the target companies. PETA conducted an undercover investigation of [[Covance]], a drug development services company, from April 2003 until March 2004, obtaining video footage that a British judge called "highly disturbing."<ref name=fined>[http://www.covancecruelty.com/feat-fined.asp "Covance fined for violations of the Animal Welfare Act"], Peta.org.</ref> The evidence, which PETA submitted to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), appeared to show monkeys being hit, tormented, and humiliated<ref>[http://www.covancecruelty.com/videos.asp Video footage from inside [[Covance]]].</ref> (videos). According to PETA's website, Covance was subsequently fined for violations of the U.S. Animal Welfare Act based on PETA's documentation.<ref name=fined/> |
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Researchers working for PETA went undercover into [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]], a contract animal-testing facility, in 1997, where they filmed staff beating dogs in the UK<ref name=insideHLS>[http://www.huntingdonsucks.com/gallery/InsideHLS.mpg Undercover video footage of HLS employees beating a puppy], filmed at the Huntingdon Research Centre, England.</ref> (video) and what appears to be abuse of monkeys in the company's Princeton, New Jersey, facility<ref name=scaredmonkey>[http://www.huntingdonsucks.com/gallery/scared_monkey.mov Undercover video footage of HLS employees apparently dissecting a live monkey], filmed at the HLS Princeton Research Centre, NJ, USA.</ref> (video). The employees were sacked and HLS's licence in the UK was suspended. After the video footage aired on British television in 1999, a group of activists set up [[Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty]] with a view to closing HLS down, a campaign that is still ongoing. |
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In 1990, a Las Vegas entertainer lost his entertainment licence, as well as a later lawsuit against PETA, after the group filmed him beating [[orangutan]]s. A North Carolina grand jury handed down indictments against pig-farm workers, the first indictments for animal cruelty within that industry, after they were filmed skinning a [[sow]] who was allegedly still conscious.<ref>[http://www.peta.org/feat/invest/index.html "Pig Farm Cruelty Revealed"], ''Peta.org''.</ref> In 1985, the U.S. government suspended funding to the City of Hope biomedical research center in California over its alleged treatment of dogs, and [[East Carolina University]] agreed to stop using animals for classroom experiments after a PETA investigation. |
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[[Image:UnnecessaryFuss.jpg|right|thumb|200px|PETA's film'' [[Unnecessary Fuss]]'' shows researchers' footage from a study that involved inflicting brain damage on [[baboon]]s.]] |
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In 1984, a 26-minute PETA film<ref>[http://www.petacatalog.org/prodinfo.asp?number=VP507&variation=&aitem=1&mitem=1 ''Unnecessary Fuss''], ''Peta.org''. The film can be downloaded from *[http://www.animalliberationfront.com/MediaCenter/UnnFuss.wmv ''Unnecessary Fuss'' Part 1] *[http://www.animalliberationfront.com/MediaCenter/UnnFuss00.wmv ''Unnecessary Fuss'' Part 2] *[http://www.animalliberationfront.com/MediaCenter/UnnFuss01.wmv ''Unnecessary Fuss'' Part 3] *[http://www.animalliberationfront.com/MediaCenter/UnnFuss02.wmv ''Unnecessary Fuss'' Part 4] *[http://www.animalliberationfront.com/MediaCenter/UnnFuss03.wmv ''Unnecessary Fuss'' Part 5] </ref> (video), based on 60 hours of researchers' footage obtained by the [[Animal Liberation Front]] during a raid on the [[University of Pennsylvania]]'s Head Injury Clinic, led to the suspension of funds from the university, the closure of the lab, the firing of the university's chief veterinarian, and a period of probation for the university. The footage was made by the researchers as part of a study that involved inflicting brain damage on 150 [[baboon]]s using a hydraulic device intended to simulate [[whiplash]]. An independent investigation by the Office for Protection from Research Risks (OPRR) confirmed that there had been "extraordinarly serious violations" by the lab of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.<ref name=<McCarthy>McCarthy, Charles. R. [http://onlineethics.org/reseth/nbac/hmccarthy.html "Reflections on the Organizational Locus of the Office for Protection from Research Risks"], The Online Ethics Center for Engineering and Science at Case Western Reserve University, undated, retrieved July 10, 2006.</ref> |
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PETA was criticized by the OPRR for having edited the film in a misleading way. Twenty-five errors were identified in Newkirk's voiceover, including a scene where she described an accidental liquid spill over a conscious baboon as an acid spill, with no evidence to suggest it was anything but water. The film also gave the impression that a scene involving the hydraulic equipment smashing against a baboon's head represented several baboons being damaged, whereas subsequent examination of the 60 hours of original footage showed that the same scene had been constantly repeated.<ref name=Sideris>Sideris, Lisa; McCarthy, Charles & Smith, David H. [http://dels.nas.edu/ilar_n/ilarjournal/40_1/40_1Roots.shtml "Roots of Concern with Nonhuman Animals in Biomedical Ethics"], ''Bioethics of Laboratory Animal Research'', Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (ILAR) Journal V40 (1) 1999.</ref> |
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PETA was also criticized in 1999 regarding undercover film it took inside the Carolina Biological Supply Company, which appeared to show wriggling cats being [[Embalming|embalmed]] alive. Two veterinarians from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) agreed that the cats appeared to have been alive at the time, and the video was introduced as evidence before a departmental hearing. An anatomist called by Carolina Biological's lawyer subsequently demonstrated that the wriggling may have been the effect of [[formalin]] on freshly dead [[muscle]] tissue, which causes muscle fibers to contract and move, and the case against the company was dismissed.<ref>Morrison, Adrian R. [http://www.naiaonline.org/body/articles/archives/labanimalarticle.htm "Pogo Revisited: Caring about animals and creativity"], National Animal Interest Alliance.</ref> |
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===Community Animal Project=== |
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PETA has several programs helping cats and dogs in poorer areas of southeastern Virginia and northern North Carolina. It has spayed or neutered over 25,000 cats and dogs for reduced price or for free in the last few years. The organization comes to the aide of neglected dogs and cats who are severely ill and injured, and pursues cruelty cases. They offer free humane euthanasia services to counties that kill unwanted animals via gassing or shooting. PETA also offers free euthanasia to people whose companion animals are severely ill/dying but who cannot afford euthanasia at a veterinarian. PETA paid for and built a cat shelter in a North Carolina county. Each year the organization builds and sets up hundreds of sturdy dog houses, with straw bedding, for dogs that are chained outside all winter. PETA also creates and airs numerous public service announcements and billboards urging people to help control the pet overpopulation through [[spaying]]/[[neutering]], and adopting animals from shelters instead of purchasing cats and dogs from pet stores or breeders. |
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====Policy on euthanasia==== |
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PETA does not operate a [[no kill movement|no-kill]] policy and euthanizes the majority of animals that come into its care. It recommends [[animal euthanasia|euthanasia]] for sick and dying animals, for certain breeds of animals (e.g. [[pit bull]] terriers)<ref name=pitbull>Newkirk, Ingrid. [http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/06/08/EDGDLD4G1S1.DTL&type=printable "Controlling an animal as deadly as a weapon"], ''San Francisco Chronicle'', June 8, 2005.</ref> and in certain situations for unwanted animals in shelters: for example, for those living for long periods in cramped cages.<ref name=euthanasia/> [[Ingrid Newkirk]] has said: "Our service is to provide a peaceful and painless death to animals who no one wants."<ref>''The Virginian Pilot'', July 20, 2005.</ref> PETA recommends the use of an intravenous injection of sodium pentobarbital provided it is administered by a trained professional.<ref name=euthanasia/> |
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Before founding PETA, Newkirk was chief of animal-disease control and director of the animal shelter in the [[District of Columbia]].<ref name=pitbull/> During her time working in animal shelters, she has said that: "I would go to work early, before anyone got there, and I would just kill the animals myself. Because I couldn't stand to let them go through ... [other workers abusing the animals]. I must have killed a thousand of them, sometimes dozens every day."<ref>''The New Yorker'', April 14, 2003.</ref> The organization says that it takes in [[feral cat]] colonies with diseases such as [[Feline immunodeficiency virus|feline AIDS]] and [[Feline leukemia virus|leukemia]], stray dogs, litters of [[Parvovirus|parvo]]-infected puppies, and backyard dogs, and as such it would be unrealistic and unkind to operate a no-kill policy.<ref>[http://www.petrescueonline.org/newsinfo/petaeu2.htm "A reply from PETA to a letter inquiring about its euthanization decisions"], ''Petrescueonline.net''.</ref> Newkirk has said: "It is a totally rotten business, but sometimes the only kind option for some animals is to put them to sleep forever."<ref name=baraket>Barakat, Matthew. [http://www.petrescueonline.org/newsinfo/petaeu.htm "PETA Euthanized More Than 1000 Animals Last Year"], ''Associated Press'' </ref> |
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In 1999, PETA took in 2,103 companion animals, of which 798 were either found new homes, were reclaimed by their owners or transferred to other facilities, while those remaining were euthanized.<ref name=nokillnowpdf>[http://www.petakillsanimals.com/downloads/PetaKillsAnimals.pdf] PETA VDACS records</ref>{{pdf}} During the years 2004 and 2005, PETA took in 20258 animals, of which 15438 were reclaimed by their owner. 4224 were euthanized, while 507 were adopted. <ref>[http://www.virginia.gov/vdacs_ar/cgi-bin/Vdacs_search.cgi?link_select=facility&form=fac_select&fac_num=157&year=2004 Online Animal Reporting 2004], Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.</ref><ref>[http://www.virginia.gov/vdacs_ar/cgi-bin/Vdacs_search.cgi?link_select=facility&form=fac_select&fac_num=157&year=2005 Online Animal Reporting 2005], Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.</ref> The ''San Francisco Chronicle'' reported in 1991 that after rescuing 18 rabbits and 14 roosters from a research facility, PETA euthanized them because they didn't have the money to care for them.<ref>Murry, Iain & Osorio, Ivan. PETA: Cruel and Unusual from [[Human Events]] Jan 16, 2006.</ref> This was questioned by critics in view of PETA's budget for that year which was over six million dollars.<ref>[http://www.abolitionist-online.com/article-issue03_must.love.dogs_jeff.perz.shtml "Must Love Dogs … to Death"] — Jeff Perz, ''The Abolitionist Online''</ref> |
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[[Image:PETA dumpster incident dead animal retrieval.jpg|thumb|A dead dog being retrieved from a garbage bag, after being euthanized by PETA employees and left in a dumpster in June 2005.]] |
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[[Image:PETA dumpster incident cat with kittens.jpg|thumb|A cat and her two kittens left in the dumpster by PETA employees.]] |
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PETA was criticized in 2005 when police discovered at least 80 animals had been left in dumpsters over the course of a month by two PETA employees. The employees approached the dumpster in a van registered to PETA and left behind 18 dead animals. Thirteen more were found inside the van. The animals had been euthanized by PETA after taking them from shelters in Northampton and Bertie counties.<ref>[http://home.hamptonroads.com/stories/story.cfm?story=92098&ran=179991 Animal cruelty trial delayed for a month] — Darren Freeman, The Virginian-Pilot </ref> Officials from both counties said they were under the impression that the animals would be euthanized only if a home could not be found for them, and after being fully evaluated by a veterinarian. Both counties suspended their agreements with PETA after the incident.<ref>[http://www.roanoke-chowannewsherald.com/articles/2005/06/21/news/news3.txt "Nhamp. suspends PETA agreement"] — Roanoke-Chowan News-Herald</ref> Among the bodies in the dumpster were a cat and two of her kittens, given to the pair by veterinarian Patrick Proctor of Ahoskie Animal Hospital. According to Proctor, the two kittens were very adoptable.<ref>[http://washingtontimes.com/sports/20050621-115255-8184r.htm "PETA looks bad after two arrests"] — Gene Mueller, The Washington Times, June 22, 2005</ref><ref>[http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0512/16/acd.01.html CNN transcript of Anderson Cooper 360 Degrees]</ref><ref>[http://www.friendsofanimals.org/actionline/summer-2006/movement-watch.php Movement Watch Special Edition, Summer 2006] — Friends of Animals</ref> PETA condemned the dumping as against their policy, and suspended one of the employees involved for 90 days. <!--Cook remained employed by PETA at the time — can't find if this is still true though--> Police charged the the two employees with 31 felony counts of animal cruelty and eight misdemeanor counts of illegal disposal of dead animals.<ref>[http://www.lincolntribune.com/modules/news/article.php?storyid=1420 ''PETA Employees Face 31 Felony Animal-Cruelty Charges for Killing, Dumping Dogs''], ''Lincoln Tribune''</ref> In October, these charges were dropped, and replaced with 42 combined counts of animal cruelty, and 3 counts of "obtaining property under false pretense".<ref>[http://brianoconnor.typepad.com/animal_crackers/2005/11/petas_hinkle_an_1.html PeTA's Hinkle and Cook: Indicted on New Charges]</ref><ref>[http://www.petakillsanimals.com/downloads/trialCharges.pdf Photocopies of trial charges]</ref> A trial date was set for [[August 16]], [[2006]].<ref>[http://www.fbresearch.org/Deathvan/timeline.htm Death Van Timeline] Foundation for Biomedical Research</ref> |
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===Conflicts with other activists=== |
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PETA has been the target of criticism by other [[animal rights]] advocates. Virginian activist John Newton (formerly of Meower Power) describes the group as "cult-like" adding "If you're not radical enough, they drive you out." Merritt Clifton, founder and editor of ''Animal People'' has said "Ingrid Newkirk runs PETA like a guru cult. Sooner or later, everyone who questions her or upstages her in any way, no matter how unintentionally, ends up getting shafted in the most humiliating manner Newkirk can think of." Sue Perna, an animal rights activist and former PETA employee calls Newkirk "an abuser of the human animal" adding "Many of us believe that the further we distance ourselves from PETA, the better off the animal rights movement will be."<ref name=zeal>[http://www.rickross.com/reference/animal/animal1.html "PETA's zeal pushes the envelope too far for some"], ''The [[Virginian-Pilot]]'', December 3, 2000.</ref> |
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John "J.P." Goodwin, founder of the ''Coalition to Abolish the Fur Trade'', argues that some of PETA's campaigns are detrimental to the credibility of the animal rights movement: "some people have positioned the movement as flaky, based on silly claims and goofy stunts. It's time to say no to pie throwing, manure dumping, and naked models, and get back to talking about animals."<ref name=zeal/> |
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PETA's "I'd rather go naked than wear fur" campaign has generated criticism from feminists for objectifying the female body. In response to an ad campaign in which [[Patti Davis]] posed naked with [[Hugh Hefner]]'s dog, Batya Bauman, director of ''Feminists for Animal Rights'', asserts that "PETA has now escalated the tactic into pornography and got themselves into bed with Hugh Hefner and Playboy magazine". She added that PETA "severely overstepped the boundaries of respect toward women"<ref>[http://www.farinc.org/newsletter/v8_n3-4_94/editorial.html Editorial Comment by Batya Bauman], Feminists for Animal Rights newsletter, vol 8, no 3-4, 1994</ref> [[Carol J. Adams]], a prominent feminist and animal rights advocate, objected to PETA's campaign saying "I don't liberate animals over the bodies of women" and "I think the further insult was the celebration of PETA's alliance with Playboy by having a jointly sponsored event last summer, at which Patti Davis was featured. I'm glad she gave some of her money to PETA. But like Catharine MacKinnon, I'm not sure reparations money is the way we go about changing the status of women. I abhor the alliance of any animal advocacy with pornography."<ref>[http://www.triroc.com/caroladams/interview6.html "Do Feminists Need to Liberate Animals, Too?"], On the issues: Dialogue, Spring 1995.</ref> |
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In 2005, a coalition of advocates for [[AIDS]] patients (Patient Advocates Against PETA, [http://aidsresearcher.typepad.com/findacure/]) launched a campaign assailing PETA for its opposition to using animals to test possible AIDS drugs and calling on PETA's celebrity supporters to account for their high-profile role in what they described as "hindering the search for a cure to AIDS." PETA vice-president Dan Mathews responded that: "AIDS is an easy disease to avoid, but our government squanders millions on duplicative animal tests, rather than issue frank warnings, especially to young people." Dr. Genevieve Clavreul, the coalition's organizer, expressed concern that in order to find an AIDS vaccine "We are going to have to go to an animal model to do it and I don’t want to have to be fighting every five minutes against PETA."<ref>[http://newstandardnews.net/content/index.cfm/items/2378 AIDS Coalition Clashes with Animal Rights Activists] by Erin Cassin, ''The New Standard'', September 20, 2005</ref> |
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In May 2006, the [[Center for Consumer Freedom]] ran a series of ads in the Metro system of Washington, D.C., criticizing PETA for its opposition to medical animal research. The ads quote PETA president and co-founder Ingrid Newkirk as saying, "Even if animal research resulted in a cure for AIDS, we'd be against it.", and then suggesting that given the choice between saving the lives of sick people and lab rats, PETA would choose the rats. PETA rejected this implication, quoting Ingrid Newkirk as saying, "Even if animal experiments did result in a cure for AIDS, of which there is no chance, I'd be against it on moral grounds." |
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PETA argues that real progress in understanding AIDS will come from "modern, sophisticated non-animal tests, not crude animal experiments."<ref>[http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewCulture.asp?Page=/Culture/archive/200605/CUL20060510c.html Advocacy Groups Clash Over Animal Research by Melanie Hunter] CNS News, May 10, 2006</ref> |
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PETA is critical of those they call "self-professed wildlife warriors", television personalities such as [[Jack Hanna]], [[Jim Fowler]] and late [[Steve Irwin]], who work with and sometime antagonize animals on television. They argue that while those "wildlife exhibitors" express a conservationist message that is is often right on target, some their actions, such as invading their home, netting them, subjecting them to stressful environments and sometime wrestling with them are harmful to the animals they claim to protect. Those actions often involve babies which they say should be with their mothers.<ref>[http://www.helpinganimals.com/f-wildlifewarriors.asp Steve Irwin: Not a True 'Wildlife Warrior'], retrieved September 15, 2006</ref> The conflict between PETA and those personalities came to a head at least once in 2006, when PETA's vice-president [[Dan Mathews]] stated that recently deceased conservationist and "Crocodile Hunter" [[Steve Irwin]], had "made a career out of antagonizing frightened wild animals, which is a very dangerous message to send to kids.", adding "If you compare him with a responsible conservationist like Jacques Cousteau, he looks like a cheap reality TV star."<ref>[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14626178/ PETA sheds no crocodile tears for Steve Irwin] MSNBC Sept 11, 2006</ref> This prompted criticism from Australian MP [[Bruce Scott]] who told his federal parliament that PETA should apologise to Steve Irwin's family and the rest of Australia. <ref>[http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,20416291-5008780,00.html PETA renews attack on Irwin], retrieved September 15, 2006</ref> |
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===Finance=== |
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PETA received donations from the public of over $25 million for the year ending [[July 31]], [[2005]], according to the group's audited financial statement. Nearly 85 percent of its operating budget was spent directly on its programs; 10.83 percent on fundraising efforts; and 4.18 percent on management and general operations. Regarding its employees, 53 percent earned between $14,560 and $27,999; 32 percent between $28,000 and $38,499; and 15 percent over $38,500. Ingrid Newkirk earned $32,000 from her PETA position during that year.<ref>[http://www.peta.org/feat/annualreview05/numbers.asp "Annual Review 2005"], Peta.org.</ref> |
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==Other campaigns== |
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===Anti-fur campaigns=== |
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[[Image:PETA Lettuce Ladies.JPG|180px|thumb|PETA Lettuce Ladies in [[Columbus, Ohio]]]] |
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[[Image:BroccoliBoy.jpg|right|thumb|180px|Rav from [[Sacramento, California]], a PETA Broccoli Boy]] |
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Two long-running campaigns are "Here's the rest of your fur coat,"[http://www.greatestcities.com/0299pic/916/CP18916.jpg/Sophie_Ellis_Bextor_for_PETA.jpg] and "I'd Rather Go Naked Than Wear Fur," in which [[supermodel]]s appeared nude to express their opposition to wearing [[fur]].<ref name=FashionEB/> In May 2006, they held a naked protest near [[St Paul's Cathedral]] in London to highlight the use of real bear fur in the [[Bearskin]]s used by the [[Foot Guards]].[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/5002082.stm] |
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PETA severed its relationship with some of the models when they continued to wear fur. In 1997, [[Naomi Campbell]] wore a fur coat during a Milan fashion show after appearing in a 'Rather Go Naked Than Wear Fur' advertisement.<ref>Tran, Mark. "Animal rights group fires model who wore fur at fashion show," ''The Guardian'', March 12, 1997.</ref> Other models PETA has ended its relationship with are [[Kate Moss]] and [[Cindy Crawford]].<ref>"Naked truth is Crawford likes to wear fur to work," ''The Evening Standard'', March 7, 2002.</ref> |
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===Lettuce Ladies=== |
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The 'Lettuce Ladies' are women, some of them [[Playboy]] models, who appear publicly in [[bikini]]s made to look like [[lettuce]] leaves, and distribute information about the [[Veganism|vegan]] diet.[http://www.lettuceladies.com] There is a lesser-known male counterpart to the Lettuce Ladies, called the [[Broccoli]] Boys.[http://www.lettuceladies.com/broc.html] |
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===Kentucky Fried Chicken ([[KFC]])=== |
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{{See also|Kentucky Fried Cruelty.com}} |
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PETA has a major campaign targeting [[KFC|Kentucky Fried Chicken]] that has included more than 10,000 demonstrations worldwide and claimed support from the [[Dalai Lama]] (although the Dalai Lama later declared he was misrepresented by PETA[http://www.beliefnet.com/story/148/story_14841_1.html]), [[Al Sharpton]], [[Paul McCartney]], and [[Dick Gregory]], among others. PETA has requested that KFC require that its suppliers adopt the welfare recommendations of KFC's own animal welfare committee, including stopping the breaking of birds' limbs and drowning conscious birds in tanks of scalding water.[http://kentuckyfriedcruelty.com] PETA shot video footage at a slaughterhouse in Moorefield, West Virginia, and posted the footage on PETA's website. KFC is PETA's 4th fast food target, for alleged animal cruelty, after campaigns against McDonald's, Burger King, and Wendy's have ended. '' |
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===Circuses=== |
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The group regularly protests [[circus]]es that use animals. The [[Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus]] is a frequent target of PETA's allegations of abuse. PETA asked a number of mayors to pass legislation banning items used to train elephants from cities the circus was due to visit. In one specific case, PETA asked that "[[Ankus|bullhooks]], [[Electroshock gun|electric prods]] and other devices that inflict pain on, or cause injury to, [[elephants]]" be banned, after the animal care director of the Carson & Barnes Circus, Tim Frisco, was filmed allegedly attacking elephants with bullhooks and electric prods.[http://www.miningjournal.net/stories/articles.asp?articleID=4777]<ref name=elephants>[http://www.peta.org/mc/NewsItem.asp?id=8573 "Carson & Barnes Trainer Videotaped Beating, Shocking Elephants"], PETA Media Center, July 6, 2006.</ref> PETA's videotape of one of Frisco's training sessions allegedly shows him attacking elephants with steel-tipped bullhooks, shocking them with electric prods, and shouting "Make 'em scream!"<ref name=elephants/> The elephants are shown screaming and recoiling in pain, according to PETA.<ref>[http://www.petatv.com/tvpopup/Prefs.asp?video=carson_barnes PETA undercover video of Tim Frisco, animal care director of the Carson & Barnes Circus, training elephants], ''PETAtv.com''.</ref> (video) |
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Comedian and civil rights activist [[Dick Gregory]] recorded a public service announcement, urging people to boycott circuses that use animals in what he calls "modern-day slavery."<ref name=Gregory>[http://www.kentuckyfriedcruelty.com/gregory.asp "Dick Gregory Takes on KFC"], ''Kentuckyfriedcruelty.com''.</ref> |
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In response to PETA's request, Mayor Rod DesJardins of [[Munising, Michigan]], called the organization "radical extremists with a bizarre philosophy that considers the life of an insect equal to the life of a human being."[http://www.miningjournal.net/stories/articles.asp?articleID=4777] |
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===Christian compassion=== |
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In its www.jesusveg.com Web site, PETA makes an argument that Christian values of compassion extend to all living creatures and are inconsistent with cruelty to animals. It then promotes vegetarianism based on that argument.<ref name=jc1>[http://www.jesusveg.com PETA's www.jesusveg.com Web site] retrieved August 13, 2006</ref><ref name=jc2>[http://www.all-creatures.org/cva/honoring.htm "Didn’t Jesus eat meat?", Christianity and Vegetarianism] retrieved August 12, 2006</ref> |
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===Name changes of cities=== |
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PETA regularly asks towns and cities whose names in its view are suggestive of animal exploitation to change their names. In April 2003, they offered free veggie burgers to the city of [[Hamburg, New York]], in exchange for changing its name to ''Veggieburg''; the town declined the offer. PETA also campaigned in 1996 to have the town of [[Fishkill, New York]], change its name, claiming the name suggests cruelty to fish. (The root "kill", found in many New York town names, is [[Dutch language|Dutch]] for "creek".) In October 2003, the group urged the town of [[Rodeo, California]], to change its name because it invokes images of the sport of [[rodeo]], which they claim is harmful to animals, even though the town's name is pronouced differently (ro-DAY-oh) than a cowboy 'rodeo'. As a replacement name, they suggested Unity, an acknowledgement of [[Union Oil]]'s role in saving the area economically in the late 19th century. PETA offered to donate $20,000 worth of [[veggie burger]]s to local schools if the name was changed. The town declined. |
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===Youth Outreach=== |
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[[Image:Grrrcover2001.jpg|left|thumb|120px|[[Joaquin Phoenix]] on the cover of PETA's ''Grrr!'' Magazine]] |
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The group runs a website geared towards children at ''Petakids.com''<ref name=kids>[http://www.petakids.com Petakids.com]</ref> with contests, online games, online videos, comics, songs that are supportive of PETA's causes, and a free subscription to [http://www.petakids.com/grrrindex.html Grrr! Magazine], over 500,000 copies of which were distributed in 2005.<ref>[http://www.peta.org/about/numbers.asp Financial reports], PETA, retrieved August 12, 2006.</ref> The website also provides an e-News list.<ref>[http://www.petakids.com/enews.asp Petakids e-News]</ref> |
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PETA teamed up with bands such as [[Deftones]], STUN, and [[Further Seems Forever]], to record commercials on a variety of topics, including reporting animal abuse. The youth-oriented web site Peta2.com featured over 50 interviews from bands such as [[Yellowcard]], [[The Shins]], [[The Used]], and [[Good Charlotte]]. PETA’s efforts were covered by [[MTV]], [[Rolling Stone]], [[Associated Press|AP]], and [[Revolver (magazine)|Revolver]]. |
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PETA2 dispatched supporters on 61 summer concert and skateboard tours including the [[Warped]], [[Phish]], and [[Morrissey]] tours. At these events, PETA screened the [http://www.masskilling.com/ "Meet Your Meat"] video and disseminated information. |
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===Animal Liberation Project=== |
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The 2005 "Are Animals the New Slaves?" campaign<ref>[http://www.peta.org/AnimalLiberation "Are Animals the New Slaves?"], PETA's Animal Liberation Project.</ref> featured a display in which images of oppressed minorities, including [[Blacks|black]] slaves, [[Native Americans in the United States|Indians]], [[child labor]]ers, and women, were juxtaposed with those of chained elephants and slaughtered cows.<ref>[http://www.tolerance.org/news/article_tol.jsp?id=1266 "PETA Rethinks 'Slavery' Exhibit"], ''Tolerance.org'', [[Southern Poverty Law Center]].</ref> The campaign was criticized by the [[National Association for the Advancement of Colored People]],<ref>http://www.nhregister.com/site/news.cfm?newsid=15000578&BRD=1281&PAG=461&dept_id=517515&rfi=6</ref> and PETA agreed to suspend it.<ref>http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=1034920&CMP=OTC-RSSFeeds0312</ref> |
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[[Image:Your Daddy Kills Animals.png|thumb|150px|Cover of the "Your Daddy Kills Animals" pamphlet [http://fishinghurts.com/pdfs/DaddyKillsAnimals.pdf] (pdf)]] |
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===Your Daddy Kills Animals=== |
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The organization has been criticized for distributing graphic pamphlets to children. According to PETA's website,<ref>{{cite web | title = Hot Topics: PETA's Latest Anti-Fishing Ad Campaign | work = About PETA | publisher = People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals | url = http://www.peta.org/about/hottopic004.asp | accessdate = 2006-08-19}}</ref> the pamphlets are geared toward making parents aware of how their actions affect their children. One pamphlet, addressing the wearing of fur, was headlined "Your Mommy Kills Animals,"<ref>{{cite news | title = 'Your mommy kills animals' PETA activists to give fliers to kids whose moms wear fur | publisher = WorldNetDaily | date = [[December 19]], [[2003]] | url = http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=36208}}</ref> and featured a cartoon of a mother slicing a knife into a rabbit's stomach. Another pamphlet, "Your Daddy Kills Animals!"<ref>{{cite news | title = PETA Tells Kids to Run From Daddy | publisher = FOX News | date = [[November 25]], [[2005]] | url = http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,176739,00.html}}</ref> showed a cartoon father gutting a fish, and stated: "Since your daddy is teaching you the wrong lessons about right and wrong, you should teach him fishing is killing. Until your daddy learns it's not fun to kill, keep your doggies and kitties away from him. He's so hooked on killing defenseless animals, they could be next." In an interview with a PETA spokesman, [[Tucker Carlson]] criticized the campaign, asking "What about cruelty to children and their fathers? I'm totally serious. Why go after kids? You have an adult point to make. Why not change adult minds?"<ref>{{cite news | title = Taking on PETA over new ad campaign | publisher = MSNBC | url = http://msnbc.msn.com/id/10265078/ | date = [[November 30]], [[2005]]}}</ref> |
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===Dairy campaigns=== |
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As part of an effort to reduce milk consumption, PETA created the "Got Beer?" campaign, a parody of the [[Got Milk?]] campaign. The advertisements urged college students to "wipe off those milk moustaches and replace them with. . . foam." [[Mothers Against Drunk Driving]] and college officials of campuses targeted by the campaign complained that the campaign encouraged [[underage drinking]]. As a result of the criticism, PETA halted the campaign in March 2000.<ref>{{cite news | last = Swift | first = Earl | title = PETA Says It's Putting Beer Campaign Out to Pasture | pages = A1 | publisher = The Virginian Pilot | date = [[March 17]], [[2000]]}}</ref> |
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In 2002, the effort to promote beer over milk was revived by PETA after a two year hiatus.<ref>{{cite news | title = PETA's `Got Beer?' ads return to college campuses | publisher = Tallahassee Democrat | date = [[September 20]], [[2002]]}}</ref> |
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[[Image:Gotzitsop.jpg|left|200px|thumb|One of the "Milk Sucks" Themes]] |
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Following the removal of the beer campaign, PETA launched a new effort aimed at teenagers. The new campaign attempted to place advertisements in highschool newspapers and printed trading cards claiming that dairy products caused [[Acne vulgaris|acne]], [[obesity]], [[heart disease]], [[cancer]], and [[stroke]]s.<ref>{{cite news | last = Johnson | first = Mike | coauthors = Spice, Linda | title = Saving face?; PETA's new anti-milk ad campaign, aimed at teens, angers ag department | pages = 1 | publisher = Milwaukee Journal Sentinel | date = [[May 20]], [[2000]]}}</ref> |
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A similar campaign in the UK was ordered by the [[Advertising Standards Authority]] to discontinue claims it made about milk consumption in a campaign aimed at school children, concluding that the compaign "played on children's anxieties and were likely to cause some children undue fear and distress."<ref>{{cite press release | title = ASA Adjudication | publisher = [[Advertising Standards Authority]] | date = [[5 September]] [[2001]] | url = http://www.asa.org.uk/asa/adjudications/non_broadcast/Adjudication+Details.htm?Adjudication_id=28499}}</ref> |
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Following the injunction, PETA revamped their trading cards in order to continue the effort.<ref>{{cite news | title = Anti-milk ad campaign 'will continue' | publisher = BBC News | date = [[4 September]], [[2001]] | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/1525042.stm}}</ref> |
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Their website [http://www.milksucks.com www.milksucks.com] though, still makes the same claims regarding adverse health effects. |
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===Running of the Nudes=== |
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Every year, naked PETA activists, wearing red scarves and bull horns, take to the streets of [[Pamplona]] two days before the city's annual "[[Encierro|Running of the Bulls]]" in protest at the tradition, which sees bulls goaded and injured by the crowd. Over 1,000 activists took part in 2006.<ref>[http://www.runningofthenudes.com/ Runningofthenudes.com]</ref> (video) |
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==Domain name disputes== |
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In February 1996 a [[parody]] [[website]] calling itself "[[People Eating Tasty Animals]]" registered the [[domain name]] ''peta.org''. The site contained links to other sites advocating the consumption of meat, the use of leather and animal furs, and promoting the benefits of animal experimentation in medical research.<ref>{{cite news | last = Tennant | first = Diane | title = PETA Finds Satiric Web Site to be Tasteless | pages = E1 | publisher = [[The Virginian-Pilot]] | date = [[March 12]], [[1996]]}}</ref> |
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In response to the site, PETA filed a trademark infringement lawsuit against the website creator and Network Solutions, the company that issued the domain name, that resulted in PETA gaining control of the domain name.<ref>{{cite web | title = PETA v DOUGHNEY | publisher = [[United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit]] | url = http://laws.lp.findlaw.com/getcase/4th/case/001918Pv4&exact=1 }}</ref> A PETA spokesperson said that "the people who are doing this are the lowest of the low. We can't help but be amused that we are so threatening to people like this that they would go to so much trouble as to steal away our name."<ref name=Krigel>Krigel, Beth Lipton. [http://news.com.com/2100-1023-210537.html "Circus in domain trademark flap"], CNET News.com, April 24, 1998.</ref> |
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While still in the legal procedings over "peta.org," PETA registered the domains ''www.ringlingbrothers.com'' and ''www.voguemagazine.com'', using the sites to highlight the cruelty that they say [[Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus]] and [[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]] were guilty of. PETA later surrendered the domains under threat of legal action over trademark infringement.<ref name=Richtel>Richtel, Matt. [http://tech2.nytimes.com/mem/technology/techreview.html?_r=1&res=9B00E1DB1238F93BA15756C0A96E958260&oref=slogin "You Can't Always Judge a Domain by Its Name"], ''New York Times'', May 28, 1998. </ref><ref>[http://www.legaltechnology.com/ezine/1998/ildn29.htm "Not in Vogue"], ''Legal Technology Insider'', March 23, 1999.</ref> |
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==Timeline== |
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{{Animal rights}} |
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According to PETA, important actions include:<ref name=victories1>[http://www.peta.org/about/victories.asp "About PETA: Victories"], ''Peta.org''.</ref><ref name=compassion>[http://www.peta.org/mc/factsheet_display.asp?ID=107 "PETA's History: Compassion in Action"] ''Peta.org''.</ref><ref name =milestones>[http://www.peta.org/feat/PETAMilestones/main.html "Milestones"], ''Peta.org''.</ref><ref name=recentvictories>[http://www.peta.org/about/victoriesmore.asp "Some Recent Victories"], ''Peta.org''.</ref> |
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;1981: |
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*organized a march on the capitol building in Washington D.C. to mark World Day for Animals in Laboratories. |
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*PETA's undercover investigation of a primate laboratory in [[Silver Spring, Maryland]], resulted in the first suspension of federal research funds for alleged cruelty, and the first animal-rights related case to be heard by the [[United States Supreme Court]]. (''See [[Silver Spring monkeys]].'') |
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; 1983: |
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* successfully stopped a [[United States Department of Defense]] "[[wound lab]]" which had allegedly planned to fire [[missile]]s into dogs and goats. |
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; 1984: |
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* released video footage shot at the [[University of Pennsylvania]] head-injury laboratory, showing the alleged treatment of [[primate]]s there. The Secretary of Health and Human Services subsequently cut off all funding to the laboratory and the experiments were stopped. |
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* a Texas [[slaughterhouse]] to which 30,000 horses were taken each year from all over the United States, then allegedly left to starve outside without shelter, was closed after a PETA campaign. |
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; 1985: |
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* revealed details of the treatment of dogs at the City of Hope laboratory in California. The government fined the center $11,000 and suspended more than $1,000,000 in federal funding. |
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; 1986: |
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* stopped the total-isolation confinement of [[chimpanzee]]s at a Maryland research laboratory called SEMA. |
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; 1987: |
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* stopped a plan by [[Cedars-Sinai]], [[California]]'s largest hospital, to ship stray dogs from [[Mexico]] into California for experiments. |
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* launched the Compassion Campaign to fight cosmetics and personal-care product testing on animals. By 1989, PETA had persuaded nearly 500 companies to abandon such practices. |
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; 1988: |
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* video shot inside [[East Carolina University]] and distributed by PETA showed an allegedly inadequately anesthetized dog undergoing surgery during a classroom exercise. The university subsequently declared a moratorium on the use of live animals. |
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; 1990: |
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* exposed the alleged beating of [[orangutan]]s by [[Las Vegas]] entertainer Bobby Berosini, who used the primates in a nightclub act. His captive-bred wildlife permit was suspended by the U.S. Department of the Interior, and his show closed. Four years later, the Nevada Supreme Court unanimously ruled in PETA’s favor and overturned a Las Vegas jury’s $3.2 million defamation award to Berosini. |
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* succeeded in persuading [[Estée Lauder]] and 40 other companies to halt [[animal testing]] with its Caring Consumer Campaign. |
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; 1991: |
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* U.S. Supreme Court unanimously rejected PETA's petition for custody of Titus and Allen, two of the monkeys in the [[Silver Spring monkeys]] case. The pair were killed within hours of the ruling by Tulane University's Delta Regional Primate Center.<ref>"After Justices Act, Lab Monkeys Are Killed," ''Association Press'', April 13, 1991.</ref> |
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; 1992: |
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* called attention to the details of U.S. [[foie gras]] production, documenting the [[gavage]] (force-feeding) of geese. Police subsequently conducted the first raid on a factory farm in the United States. |
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* testified at the first U.S. congressional hearing on the use of animals in circuses, rodeos, films, and other types of entertainment. |
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; 1993: |
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* [[General Motors]] gave PETA a statement of assurance that it had ended the use of live pigs and baboons in crash tests after a PETA campaign. |
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* [[L'Oréal]], the world’s largest cosmetics company, signed a worldwide ban on animal testing, following a PETA campaign. |
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* PETA revealed details of scabies experiments using dogs and rabbits at [[Wright State University]]. The university was subsequently charged with violating the Animal Welfare Act, and the experiments ended. |
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; 1994: |
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* Buckshire Corporation, a laboratory animal breeding facility, was charged with violations of the Animal Welfare Act after a 38-page complaint was submitted by PETA. |
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*A furrier was charged with cruelty to animals following the release of PETA videotapes showing a California fur rancher allegedly electrocuting a [[chinchilla]] by clipping wires to the animal’s genitals. It was the first time in U.S. history that a furrier was charged with cruelty, although charges were later dropped. |
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; 1999: |
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* a [[North Carolina]] [[grand jury]] handed down the first-ever felony cruelty indictments against pig-farm workers after an undercover PETA investigator videotaped workers allegedly beating lame pigs with wrenches, and skinning and dismembering a conscious pig. |
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; 2000: |
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* successfully campaigned for 11 months against [[McDonalds]] to implement more stringent welfare standards. |
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; 2001: |
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* launched a campaign against [[Burger King]]. After months of vocal public pressure, the fast-food giant agreed to implement the welfare standards demanded by PETA. These standards increased the amount of cage space given to laying hens and promised unannounced inspections of slaughterhouses, among other things. [http://www.murderking.com/release.html] [http://www.bk.com/CompanyInfo/onlinepressroom/index.aspx] |
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* launched an unsuccessful campaign to have the [[University of South Carolina]] change its mascot from the Gamecock. The group contended that the name promoted cock fighting, but the school stood firm and kept the mascot name, saying that cock fighting had not been legal in South Carolina for more than a century, and the mascot was a representation of the fighting power of a gamecock, not indicative of any promotion of cockfighting. |
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; 2004: |
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* released video of [[shechita]] (kosher slaughter) at the AgriProcessors slaughterhouse in [[Postville]], [[Iowa]], allegedly showing cattle appearing to survive for minutes after slaughter with their tracheae and esophagi dangling from their throats and some of them even standing up with their throats slit. [http://www.goveg.com/feat/agriprocessors] A subsequent USDA investigation found that AgriProcessors had "engaged in acts of inhumane slaughter", and that "FSIS (Food Safety Inspection Service) employees observed the acts of inhumane slaughter and did nothing to stop the practice".<ref>[http://www.goveg.com/pdfs/AgriprocessorsReport.pdf Report concerning AgriProcessors Inc.] {{pdflink}}, United States Department of Agriculture, April 25, 2005, p. 7.</ref> |
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; 2005: |
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* sued [[Feld Entertainment]] (producer of [[Ringling Brothers|Ringling circus]] and Disney on ice) saying Feld ran a spying operation on the PETA organization run by an ex-CIA employee with the intent to harm or destroy PETA. [http://www.cnn.com/2005/LAW/12/09/circus.spies.ap/index.html] After nine hours of deliberation on [[March 15]], [[2006]], a Fairfax County, Virginia, jury found that Ringling Bros. did not harm or conspire against PETA, and the case was dismissed. [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/03/15/AR2006031502226.html] |
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; 2006: |
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* persuaded J. Crew<ref>[http://furisdead.com/feat-jcrewvictory.asp "PETA Halts J.Crew Campaign as Retail Giant Promises That 'Fur Is Out'"], June 24, 2006.</ref> and [[Polo Ralph Lauren]]<ref>[http://www.furisdead.com/feat-RalphLaurenVictory.asp "Ralph Lauren Goes Fur-Free!"], June 24, 2006.</ref> not to sell fur. They also persuaded [[Welch's]] to end animal testing.<ref>[http://www.caringconsumer.com/products_welchs.asp "VICTORY:Welch's Promises to End Deadly Animal Tests!"], June 24, 2006. See also [http://www.welchs.com/healthy/research_policy.html "Welch's research policy"]</ref> |
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* placed the winning bid for an [[eBay]] auction that offered fans a chance to dine with singer [[Beyoncé Knowles]]. PETA members posing as fans confronted her about the use of fur in her clothing line.<ref>[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/13370421 "PETA surprises Beyoncé at New York dinner"], ''Associated Press'', June 24, 2006.</ref> |
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* persuaded [[Ocean Spray]] and Tahitan Noni to drop animal tests. |
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* wrote [[Merriam-Webster]], asking them to change the definition of "[[circus]]" that they publish in their dictionary. "PETA’s proposal defines a circus as a 'spectacle that relies on captive animals' who are 'forced to perform tricks under the constant threat of punishment.' It also wants the definition to say that 'modern circuses include only willing human performers.'"<ref>Wedge, Dave. [http://news.bostonherald.com/localRegional/view.bg?articleid=145098 "PETA goes wild — Wants dictionary to jump through hoops"], ''The Boston Herald'', June 23, 2006.</ref> Merriam-Webster has yet to comply. |
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*bought shares in [[Wal-Mart]], [[Safeway Inc.|Safeway]], [[Kroger]], [[Tyson Foods]], [[Costco]], and several others, in an effort to use its shareholder position to force animal-welfare reform on the companies. [http://www.peta.org/mc/NewsItem.asp?id=8580] |
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*began a campaign against [[Six Flags Great America]] to stop a contest where guests eat a live cockroach for a "Flash Pass" during the park's Fright Fest event. |
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==Cultural influences== |
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*''[[South Park]]'' parodied PETA in one of its episodes, ''[[Douche and Turd]]'', in which a local activist group protests the use of a cow as a school mascot. |
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*An episode of [[Penn & Teller|Penn & Teller's]] television show, ''[[Bullshit!]]''( Episode: Season 2, 2004, 20-1, "P.E.T.A.", April 1, 2004, Focus: P.E.T.A. and the [[Animal Liberation Front]]), was devoted to criticism of PETA. |
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==Notes== |
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<div class="references-small"><references/></div> |
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==References== |
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<div class="references-small"> |
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<!--starting a references section; will continue it time and patience permitting--> |
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*[http://www.peta.org/ PETA homepage] |
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*[http://www.peta.org/feat/annual_review04/ "PETA annual review 2004"], ''Peta.org''. |
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*"Animal rights", ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', 2006. |
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*[http://www.masskilling.com/ Meet Your Meat] a PETA-produced film about the treatment of animals in the egg and meat industries. Narrated by [[Alec Baldwin]] |
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*[http://www.nabr.org/animallaw/Quotes.htm Quotes], Animal Law Section, National Association for Biomedical Research. |
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*[http://www.peta.org/campaigns/sirpaul.asp "We will win!"], PETA interview with Sir Paul McCartney, retrieved July 10, 2006. |
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*[http://www.petatv.com/tvpopup/Prefs.asp?video=furfarm "Fur farm investigation"], narrated by Stella McCartney, PETAtv.com |
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*"Stella McCartney", ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 2006. |
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*[http://www.huntingdonsucks.com/gallery/InsideHLS.mpg Undercover video footage of HLS employees beating a puppy], filmed at the Huntingdon Research Centre, England. |
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*[http://www.furisdead.com/history.asp History of PETA's fur campaign], ''Furisdead.com''. |
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*"Fashion and Dress", ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 2006. |
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*"Fur", ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'', 2006. |
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*[http://www.runningofthenudes.com/ Runningofthenudes.com] (video). |
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*[http://mitzunge.at/index.php?option=com_zoom&Itemid=26&catid=60 Pictures from the 'Running of the nudes' 2006] |
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*[http://www.peta.org/Living/at-spring2002/treblinka/ "Eternal Treblinka"], ''Peta.org''. |
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*Dougherty, Kerry [http://www.jewishworldreview.com/0203/peta_ass.asp "Arafat gets ass-inine plea from PETA on intifada"], ''Jewish World Review'', February 10, 2003. |
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*Doward, Jamie. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/animalrights/story/0,11917,1268819,00.html "Kill scientists, says animal rights chief"], The Observer, July 25, 2004. |
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*Doward, Jamie. [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/focus/story/0,6903,1273697,00.html "Beauty and the beasts"], The Observer, August 1, 2004. |
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*Freeman, Darren. [http://home.hamptonroads.com/stories/story.cfm?story=93730&ran=57036 "PETA workers face 25 felony counts in North Carolina"], The Virginian Pilot, October 15, 2005 |
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*Friedman, Stefan C. [http://espn.go.com/outdoors/general/columns/guest_columnist/1349596.html "The PETA-ELF connection"], ''New York Post''. |
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*Hsu, Spencer S. [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/12/19/AR2005121901777.html "FBI Papers Show Terror Inquiries Into PETA; Other Groups Tracked"], The Washington Post, December 20, 2005. |
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*Johnson, David. [http://www.curledup.com/mindbrai.htm Review of The Mind and the Brain: Neuroplasticity and the Power of Mental Force], curledup.com. |
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*Loewenberg, Anna Sophie. [http://www.jrn.columbia.edu/studentwork/nyrm/2001/features/peta.html "The Fur Police"], ''The New York Review of Magazines'', undated, retrieved July 11, 2006. |
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*Newkirk, Ingrid. "The ALF: Who, Why, and What?", Terrorists or Freedom Fighters? Reflections on the Liberation of Animals. Best, Steven & Nocella, Anthony J (eds). Lantern 2004, |
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*Newkirk, Ingrid. Free the Animals. Lantern Books, 2000. ISBN 1-930051-22-0 |
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*Schwartz, Jeffrey M. and Begley, Sharon. ''The Mind and the Brain: Neuroplasticity and the Power of Mental Force'', Regan Books, 2002. |
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*Sideris, Lisa et al. [http://dels.nas.edu/ilar_n/ilarjournal/40_1/40_1Roots.shtml "Roots of Concern with Nonhuman Animals in Biomedical Ethics"], Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, ''ILAR Journal'' V40(1) 1999. |
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*Smith, Wesley J. [http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2003/12/21/INGH63PBJ81.DTL "PETA to cannibals: Don't let them eat steak"], ''San Francisco Chronicle'', December 21, 2003. |
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*Teather, David. "'Holocaust on a plate' angers US Jews"], ''The Guardian'', March 3, 2003. |
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*Woolcock, Nicola. [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,11069-2068837,00.html "Animal rights activists convicted in the US of terrorising British lab"], ''The Times'', March 4, 2006. |
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*Zappia, Corina. [http://www.villagevoice.com/nyclife/0543,zappia1,69148,15.html "Bloody Brilliant Pie, Anna Wintour, and the history of fur protest"], ''Village Voice'', October 20, 2005. |
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</div> |
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== External links == |
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*[http://www.peta.org www.peta.org], PETA's website. |
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*[http://www.nokillnow.com/ No Kill Now!], a no-kill philosophy animal advocacy group opposed to PETA's broad support of euthanasia |
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*[[Nikki Craft|Craft, Nikki]]. [http://nostatusquo.com/ACLU/PETA/ "PeTA: Where Only Women Are Treated Like Meat"] |
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*Morrison, A.R. (2001). [http://www.the-aps.org/publications/tphys/2001html/February01/personal_reflections.htm Personal Reflections on the “Animal-Rights” Phenomenon]. In ''Perspectives in Biology and Medicine'', vol 44:1, pp. 62-75. The Johns Hopkins University Press. |
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*[http://www.zippyvideos.com/9679762012931896/penn_and_teller_bullshit_peta/ Penn and Teller: Bullshit! episode about PETA] |
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*[http://www.adl.org/PresRele/HolNa_52/4366_52.htm "PETA's Appeal for Jewish Community Support 'The Height of Chutzpah'"], [[Anti-Defamation League]]. |
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*[http://partners.guidestar.org/controller/searchResults.gs?action_gsReport=1&partner=networkforgood&ein=52-1218336 PETA's page at Network for Good] |
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*[http://www.iheartpaws.com/articles/40/1/Non-Profit-Organizations—Beware-of-the-Bad-Apples-by-Christina-Harvey.html/ I Heart Paws - Beware of the Bad Apples] an informative article from personal experience opposing PETA's beliefs on Pit Bull breeds and other companion animals |
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*[http://www.peta-sucks.com/ PeTA Sucks], an internet community critical of PETA. |
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* [http://www.clivebarker.info/essaysb.html Revelations - The Official Clive Barker Resource] Read PETA and Clive's 1997 Open Letter... |
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== See also == |
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* [[Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals|RSPCA]] - Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals |
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* [[Center for Consumer Freedom]], a non-profit U.S. lobby group partly funded by the [[restaurant]] industry, actively campaigning against PETA. |
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Revision as of 00:59, 3 October 2006
Changes it!
Wikipedia is a source of miss information, were articles can be changed by any one at free will. It is a intrust worthy site which makes money by letting all facts become a popularity contest. To prove my point, & to help change that, go to any Wikipedia page, then hit edit & delete the whole article and paste this!
The point of the Ban Wikipedia movement is simple; if any one can make changes, then its all rhetoric, but if they get very strict on who can be an editor & who can't, then they can be more reliable. If one in every hundred people post that, then they'll think twice about letting any one post, then they can make it safer by keeping any one out!