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Global Water Security & Sanitation Partnership
Type	Intergovernmental organisation
Focus	Sanitation, hygiene, water supply
Location	Washington, D. C., United States of America;
Area served	Worldwide, with particular focus on Africa, South Asia, and Latin America
Key people	Jyoti Shukla, Senior Manager ;
Website	wsp.org

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Revision as of 18:23, 3 February 2018

The Global Water Security and Sanitation Partnership (GWSP), formerly the Water and Sanitation Project, is a trust fund administered by the World Bank geared at improving the accessability and infrastructure of water and sanitation for underdeveloped countries. GWSP works in more than 25 countries through regional offices in Africa, East and South Asia, Latin America, the Caribbean, and an office in Washington, D.C.^[1]. Heath P. Tarbert is the Acting Executive Director for the United States^[2]. The GWSP is best known for its work providing technical assistance, building partnerships and capacity building. GWSP focuses on both regulatory and structural changes and also behavior change projects, such as a scaling up handwashing project and scaling up sanitation project. Another key aspect of GWSP's work is sharing knowledge and best practices through multiple channels. The GWSP has determined five main focus areas: Sustainability, inclusion, institutions, financing, and resilience^[3].

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Activities

In addition to other field projects, the program published 108 field notes and technical briefs in 2016. During this year, just under $40 billion US dollars was distributed to countries worldwide. The majority of this investment was spent toward African nations. ^[4]

Countries affected

Africa


Country	Project Overview	Projected Cost
Benin	-Reduce network losses by putting a rehabilitation program and preventative maintenance schedule in place -Direct new finance towards the most poorly-covered areas (Ouémé, Atlantique, and Borgou) to reduce geographical disparities -Secure employment conditions and further train employees working in sanitation
Burkina-Faso
Democratic Republic of Congo
Ethiopia	-Ending open defication and improving facilities in public sectors and households -Improved access to clean water -Develop programs to encourage proper disposal of waste and to encourage handwashing^[5]	$633.5K/year
Egypt
Kenya	-Develop and implement a database to monitor coverage/functionality of rural water supply systems -Invest in low-cost sewerage options including small-bore sewerage and decentralized treatment plants -Raise funds for storage/transmission of water to cope with demand and expected population growth^[6]	$487mil/year
Liberia
Madagascar	-Improve fecal disposal -Improve facilities in public sectors and households -Expand sustainable and cost-effective access to water and sanitation^[7]	$17.3mil
Mozambique
Niger	-Develop financing strategy within the sanitation and hygiene subsector -Improve facilities in public sectors and households -Develop programs to encourage proper disposal of waste and to encourage handwashing^[8]	$40mil/year
Senegal	-Secure more water resources to supply Dakar -Improve the reliability and forecasting of funding allocated by the government from its own budget -Set up a licensing system for entities providing pit emptying services -Improve public and household facilities^[9]	$65mil/year
Somalia
Tanzania
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe

East Asia and the Pacific

Bangladesh
Cambodia
India
Indonesia
Laos
Pakistan
Philippines
Vietnam

Latin America

Bolivia
Ecuador
Haiti
Honduras
Nicaragua
Peru

Other Focus Areas

Ending open defecation

The program has devoted much of its influence to ending open defecation (OD) which affects 1 billion people worldwide and ultimately leading to an estimated 842,000 deaths annually.

Rural Water and Sanitation Project (RWSP)

The Water and Sanitation Program focused mostly on metropolitan areas. The Rural Water and Sanitation Project focuses mainly on the rural areas that don't have access to the materials that the metropolitan areas do. The RWSP expands the water and sewage infrastructure in areas that only have it in a small part of the country. ^[10]

Water Partnership Program (WPP)

The Water Partnership Program focuses on agricultural use of water. WPP recognizes that 70% of the freshwater is being used for agricultural usage. The WPP is researching into agriculture, and taking steps to preserve fresh water from being exploited for growing crops. ^[11]

Methodology

Sustainability

The GWSP takes steps to ensure the sustainability of water.

Plan for the future of population growth, urbanization, and climate change
Infrastructure built to last and be maintained^[12]

Inclusion

The GWSP includes everyone and makes sure not to discriminate anyone from water.^[12]

Institutions

There are set rules that institutes make. GWSP tries to figure out the rules to expand it's services. ^[12]

Financing

An estimate of $114 billion USD per year until 2030 has been made. To reach that goal, the GWSP is taking steps balancing sources of income, making water affordable, and keeping the viability of water is kept up.^[12]

Resilience

Extreme weather, and climate change will effect how the GWSP runs. The steps taken to help slow down the shock is to build buildings that are more resilient to temperature change while still providing water. ^[12]

History

In an effort to improve upon water and sanitation technology for impoverished nations, the World Bank and United Nations Development program founded the the program in 1978.^[13]

The program and its for bearer UNDP invested most of its efforts to testing cost-effective technologies such as hand pumps and latrines for future implementation in the 1980's. However as other world governments and organizations began developing systemic solutions and strategies to approach issues regarding safe water and sanitation, the program followed suit in widening its scope of impact.^[13]

Beginning in the early 1990's the World Bank Water and Sanitation Program worked on sustainable solutions for communities to provide water for themselves. Their main objectives were to create systems that could stay in operation and help the communities be independent. By the end of the decade the program divided its efforts into both field projects and research and evaluation of the worlds water systems and practices.^[13]

Donors

The program is funded by several countries including Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States. ^[14]