Maravar: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Revision as of 04:51, 6 March 2019

Maravar (also known as Maravan and Marava) are a Tamil community in the state of Tamil Nadu. These people are one of the three branches of the Mukkulathor confederacy.^[1] Members of the Maravar community often use the honorific title Thevar.^[2]^[3]^[4]

The Sethupathi rulers of the erstwhile Ramnad kingdom hailed from this community.^[5]. The Maravar community, along with the Kallars, had a reputation for thieving and robbery from as early as the medieval period.^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

Etymology

The term Maravar has diverse proposed etymologies;^[11] it may come simply from a Tamil word maravar (warrior),^[12] or a term meaning "bravery".^[13]

References

^ Dirks, Nicholas B. (1993). The Hollow Crown: Ethnohistory of an Indian Kingdom. University of Michigan Press. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-47208-187-5.
^ Neill, Stephen (2004). A History of Christianity in India: The Beginnings to AD 1707. Cambridge University Press. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-52154-885-4.
^ Hardgrave, Robert L. (1969). The Nadars of Tamilnad: The Political Culture of a Community in Change. University of California Press. p. 280.
^ Pandian, Anand (2009). Crooked Stalks: Cultivating Virtue in South India. Duke University Press. p. 286. ISBN 978-0-82239-101-2.
^ Pamela G. Price. Kingship and Political Practice in Colonial India. Cambridge University Press, 14-Mar-1996 - History - 220 pages. p. 26.
^ Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2007). Women and Work in Precolonial India: A Reader. Sage Publications. p. 74.
^ Dirks, Nicholas (2007). The Hollow Crown: Ethnohistory of an Indian Kingdom. University of Michigan Press. p. 74.
^ Balasubramanian, R (2001). Social and Economic Dimensions of Caste Organisations in South Indian States. University of Madras. p. 88.
^ Oscar Salemink, Peter Pels (2002). Colonial Subjects. Wiesbaden. p. 160.
^ Ferro-Luzzi, Gabriella Eichinger (2002). The Maze of fantasy in Tamil folktales. Wiesbaden. p. Glossary.
^ VenkatasubramanianIndia, T. K. (1986). Political Change and Agrarian Tradition in South India, C. 1600-1801: A Case Study. Mittal Publications. p. 49.
^ Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (1903). The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. Published for the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland by Trübner & Co. p. 57.
^ Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2007). Historical dictionary of the Tamils. Scarecrow Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-8108-5379-9.

[1] Dirks, Nicholas B. (1993). The Hollow Crown: Ethnohistory of an Indian Kingdom. University of Michigan Press. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-47208-187-5.

[2] Neill, Stephen (2004). A History of Christianity in India: The Beginnings to AD 1707. Cambridge University Press. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-52154-885-4.

[3] Hardgrave, Robert L. (1969). The Nadars of Tamilnad: The Political Culture of a Community in Change. University of California Press. p. 280.

[4] Pandian, Anand (2009). Crooked Stalks: Cultivating Virtue in South India. Duke University Press. p. 286. ISBN 978-0-82239-101-2.

[5] Pamela G. Price. Kingship and Political Practice in Colonial India. Cambridge University Press, 14-Mar-1996 - History - 220 pages. p. 26.

[Vijaya_Ramaswamy-6] Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2007). Women and Work in Precolonial India: A Reader. Sage Publications. p. 74.

[Nicholas_B_Dirks-7] Dirks, Nicholas (2007). The Hollow Crown: Ethnohistory of an Indian Kingdom. University of Michigan Press. p. 74.

[Dr_R_Balasubramanian-8] Balasubramanian, R (2001). Social and Economic Dimensions of Caste Organisations in South Indian States. University of Madras. p. 88.

[Peter_Pels,_Oscar_Salemink-9] Oscar Salemink, Peter Pels (2002). Colonial Subjects. Wiesbaden. p. 160.

[Gabriella_Eichinger_Ferro-Luzzi-10] Ferro-Luzzi, Gabriella Eichinger (2002). The Maze of fantasy in Tamil folktales. Wiesbaden. p. Glossary.

[11] VenkatasubramanianIndia, T. K. (1986). Political Change and Agrarian Tradition in South India, C. 1600-1801: A Case Study. Mittal Publications. p. 49.

[Ireland1903-12] Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (1903). The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. Published for the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland by Trübner & Co. p. 57.

[Ramaswamy2007-13] Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2007). Historical dictionary of the Tamils. Scarecrow Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-8108-5379-9.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 '''Maravar''' (also known as '''Maravan''' and '''Marava''') are a [[Tamil people|Tamil]] community in the [[States and union territories of India|state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. These people are one of the three branches of the [[Mukkulathor]] confederacy.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Hollow Crown: Ethnohistory of an Indian Kingdom |first=Nicholas B. |last=Dirks |publisher=University of Michigan Press |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-47208-187-5 |page=73 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=cegr6zH9PFEC&pg=PA73 |authorlink=Nicholas Dirks}}</ref> Members of the Maravar community often use the honorific title ''[[Thevar]]''.<ref>{{cite book |title=A History of Christianity in India: The Beginnings to AD 1707 |first=Stephen |last=Neill |authorlink=Stephen Neill |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-52154-885-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dbVNvsZWH5EC&pg=PA76 |page=76}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The Nadars of Tamilnad: The Political Culture of a Community in Change |first=Robert L. |last=Hardgrave |publisher=University of California Press |year=1969 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KZ9mqiLgkdEC&pg=PA280 |page=280}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Crooked Stalks: Cultivating Virtue in South India |first=Anand |last=Pandian |publisher=Duke University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-82239-101-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pOqgYpCgCXsC&pg=PA286&lpg=PA286 |page=286}}</ref>
+The [[Sethupathi]] rulers of the erstwhile [[Ramnad kingdom]] hailed from this community.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=aqKSTs4ajsAC&pg=PA26&dq=setupati+maravar+caste&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwidr4P_kJbgAhVKso8KHcaeCQwQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=setupati%20maravar%20caste&f=false|title=Kingship and Political Practice in Colonial India|author=Pamela G. Price|publisher=Cambridge University Press, 14-Mar-1996 - History - 220 pages|page=26}}</ref>. The Maravar community, along with the Kallars, had a reputation for thieving and [[robbery]] from as early as the medieval period.<ref name=" Vijaya Ramaswamy">{{cite book | first= Vijaya | last= Ramaswamy | year=2007| title= Women and Work in Precolonial India: A Reader| page=74| publisher= Sage Publications| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=TzxwDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT104&dq=medieval+kallar+robbers&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0r93f16LgAhVtmuAKHeVeDqwQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=medieval%20kallar%20robbers&f=false }}</ref><ref name="Nicholas B Dirks">{{cite book | first= Nicholas | last=Dirks | year=2007| title= The Hollow Crown: Ethnohistory of an Indian Kingdom| page=74| publisher= University of Michigan Press| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=cegr6zH9PFEC&pg=PA74&dq=maravar++bandits&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjX8dz3iqDgAhU5KDQIHdTLB9oQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=maravar%20%20bandits&f=false }}</ref><ref name=" Dr R Balasubramanian ">{{cite book | first= R  | last= Balasubramanian | year=2001| title= Social and Economic Dimensions of Caste Organisations in South Indian States | page= 88| publisher= University of Madras| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=wG3aAAAAMAAJ&q=criminal+tribes+act+maravar&dq=criminal+tribes+act+maravar&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwia_4OCk6PgAhVJjlQKHYonA-A4FBDoAQgtMAE }}</ref><ref name=" Peter Pels, Oscar Salemink ">{{cite book | first= Peter Pels | last= Oscar Salemink | year=2002| title= Colonial Subjects| page= 160| publisher= Wiesbaden| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=R9YPYpVE64wC&pg=PA160&dq=criminal+tribes+act+maravar&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi95cfTj6PgAhXIxFQKHSfWBHQQ6AEIQDAE#v=onepage&q&f=false }}</ref><ref name=" Gabriella Eichinger Ferro-Luzzi ">{{cite book | first= Gabriella Eichinger | last= Ferro-Luzzi | year=2002| title= The Maze of fantasy in Tamil folktales| page= Glossary| publisher= Wiesbaden| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XFD0Py9zBpwC&pg=PA187&dq=maravar+bandits&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjl3OGyj6PgAhWQG3wKHcw8CbkQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=maravar%20bandits&f=false }}</ref>
-The [[Sethupathi]] rulers of the erstwhile [[Ramnad kingdom]] hailed from this community.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=aqKSTs4ajsAC&pg=PA26&dq=setupati+maravar+caste&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwidr4P_kJbgAhVKso8KHcaeCQwQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=setupati%20maravar%20caste&f=false|title=Kingship and Political Practice in Colonial India|author=Pamela G. Price|publisher=Cambridge University Press, 14-Mar-1996 - History - 220 pages|page=26}}</ref>.
 ==Etymology==
 The term ''Maravar'' has diverse proposed etymologies;<ref>{{cite book|title=Political Change and Agrarian Tradition in South India, C. 1600-1801: A Case Study |year=1986 |first=T. K. |last=VenkatasubramanianIndia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8dp_b7GBrEC&pg=PA49 |publisher=Mittal Publications |page=49}}</ref> it may come simply from a [[Tamil language|Tamil]] word ''maravar'' (warrior),<ref name="Ireland1903">{{cite book|author=Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland|title=The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FsUEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA57|year=1903|publisher=Published for the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland by Trübner & Co.|page=57}}</ref> or a term meaning "bravery".<ref name="Ramaswamy2007">{{cite book|first=Vijaya |last=Ramaswamy|title=Historical dictionary of the Tamils|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H4q0DHGMcjEC&pg=PA143|year=2007|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-5379-9|page=143}}</ref>
+==See also==
-*
+*[[Uthumalai]]
-==Reference==
+==References==
 {{reflist}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2011}}