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March 4: start |
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== Contents == |
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March 5: pick topic |
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* [[Vaccination#Mechanism%20of%20function|1Mechanism of function]] |
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March 5-8: first collect sources, make work plan (post to public talk page) |
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** [[Vaccination#Vaccination%20versus%20inoculation|1.1Vaccination versus inoculation]] |
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* [[Vaccination#Routes%20of%20administration|5Routes of administration]] |
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* [[Vaccination#Side%20effects|2Side effects]] |
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* [[Vaccination#History|3History]] |
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* [[Vaccination#Society%20and%20culture|4Society and culture]] |
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** [[Vaccination#Opposition%20to%20vaccination|4.1Opposition to vaccination]] |
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*** [[Vaccination#Vaccination-autism%20controversy|4.1.1Vaccination-autism controversy]] |
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*** 4.1.2Ingredients causing controversy |
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**** 4.1.2.1Aluminum |
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**** 4.1.2.2Mercury |
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* [[Vaccination#Global%20trends%20in%20vaccination|6Global trends in vaccination]] |
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** [[Vaccination#United%20States|6.1United States]] |
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* [[Vaccination#Economics%20of%20vaccination|7Economics of vaccination]] |
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** [[Vaccination#Costs%20and%20benefits|7.1Costs and benefits]] |
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* [[Vaccination#See%20also|8See also]] |
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* [[Vaccination#References|9References]] |
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* [[Vaccination#Further%20reading|10Further reading]] |
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* [[Vaccination#External%20links|11External links]] |
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March 8: first WP-WiP |
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March 15: match day, take today and next 2 days off |
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Safety |
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March 18: start working again |
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Just like any medication or procedure, no vaccine can be 100% safe or effective for everyone because each person's body can react differently.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/ensuringsafety/history/index.html|title=History of Vaccine Safety History {{!}} Ensuring Safety {{!}} Vaccine Safety {{!}} CDC|date=2019-01-10|website=www.cdc.gov|language=en-us|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Chen|first=R. T.|last2=Hibbs|first2=B.|date=1998-7|title=Vaccine safety: current and future challenges|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9677616|journal=Pediatric Annals|volume=27|issue=7|pages=445–455|issn=0090-4481|pmid=9677616}}</ref> However, vaccines are the safest they ever have been in history and each vaccine undergoes rigorous clinical trials to ensure their safety and efficacy before FDA approval.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/ensuringsafety/index.html|title=Ensuring Vaccine Safety Ensuring Safety {{!}} Vaccine Safety {{!}} CDC|date=2018-12-12|website=www.cdc.gov|language=en-us|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref> While minor side effects, such as soreness or low grade fever, are relatively common, serious side effects are very rare and occur in about 1 out of every 100,000 vaccinations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/making-safe-vaccines|title=Making Safe Vaccines {{!}} NIH: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases|website=www.niaid.nih.gov|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref> These serious side effects typically involve allergic reactions that can cause hives or difficulty breathing.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/side-effects.htm|title=Vaccines: Vac-Gen/Side Effects|date=2018-07-12|website=www.cdc.gov|language=en-us|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref> |
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March : second WP-WiP |
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March : third WP-WiP |
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The [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) has compiled a list of vaccines and their possible side effects.<ref name="CDC_side_effects">{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vac-gen/side-effects.htm|title=Possible Side-effects from Vaccines|date=2018-07-12}}</ref> Allegations of vaccine injuries in recent decades have appeared in litigation in the U.S. Some families have won substantial awards from sympathetic juries, even though most public health officials have said that the claims of injuries were unfounded.<ref name="Sugarman">{{cite journal|vauthors=Sugarman SD|date=September 2007|title=Cases in vaccine court--legal battles over vaccines and autism|journal=The New England Journal of Medicine|volume=357|issue=13|pages=1275–7|doi=10.1056/NEJMp078168|pmid=17898095}}</ref> In response, several vaccine makers stopped production, which the US government believed could be a threat to [[public health]], so laws were passed to shield manufacturers from [[Legal liability|liabilities]] stemming from vaccine injury claims.<ref name="Sugarman" /> The safety and side effects of multiple vaccines have been tested in order to uphold the viability of vaccines as a barrier against disease. The Influenza vaccine was tested in controlled trials and proven to have negligible side effects equal to that of a placebo.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Nichol KL, Margolis KL, Lind A, Murdoch M, McFadden R, Hauge M, Magnan S, Drake M|date=July 1996|title=Side effects associated with influenza vaccination in healthy working adults. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial|journal=Archives of Internal Medicine|volume=156|issue=14|pages=1546–50|doi=10.1001/archinte.1996.00440130090009|pmid=8687262}}</ref> Some concerns from families might have arisen from social beliefs and norms that cause them to mistrust or refuse vaccinations, contributing to this discrepancy in side effects that were unfounded.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Oraby T, Thampi V, Bauch CT|date=April 2014|title=The influence of social norms on the dynamics of vaccinating behaviour for paediatric infectious diseases|journal=Proceedings. Biological Sciences|volume=281|issue=1780|pages=20133172|doi=10.1098/rspb.2013.3172|pmc=4078885|pmid=24523276}}</ref> |
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March : fourth WP-WiP, peer review work |
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March 27: make last edit |
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March 28: end course, 10-12 session |
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Revision as of 01:22, 12 March 2019
Contents
- 1Mechanism of function
- 5Routes of administration
- 2Side effects
- 3History
- 4Society and culture
- 4.1Opposition to vaccination
- 4.1.1Vaccination-autism controversy
- 4.1.2Ingredients causing controversy
- 4.1.2.1Aluminum
- 4.1.2.2Mercury
- 4.1Opposition to vaccination
- 6Global trends in vaccination
- 7Economics of vaccination
- 8See also
- 9References
- 10Further reading
- 11External links
Safety
Just like any medication or procedure, no vaccine can be 100% safe or effective for everyone because each person's body can react differently.[1][2] However, vaccines are the safest they ever have been in history and each vaccine undergoes rigorous clinical trials to ensure their safety and efficacy before FDA approval.[3] While minor side effects, such as soreness or low grade fever, are relatively common, serious side effects are very rare and occur in about 1 out of every 100,000 vaccinations.[4] These serious side effects typically involve allergic reactions that can cause hives or difficulty breathing.[5]
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has compiled a list of vaccines and their possible side effects.[6] Allegations of vaccine injuries in recent decades have appeared in litigation in the U.S. Some families have won substantial awards from sympathetic juries, even though most public health officials have said that the claims of injuries were unfounded.[7] In response, several vaccine makers stopped production, which the US government believed could be a threat to public health, so laws were passed to shield manufacturers from liabilities stemming from vaccine injury claims.[7] The safety and side effects of multiple vaccines have been tested in order to uphold the viability of vaccines as a barrier against disease. The Influenza vaccine was tested in controlled trials and proven to have negligible side effects equal to that of a placebo.[8] Some concerns from families might have arisen from social beliefs and norms that cause them to mistrust or refuse vaccinations, contributing to this discrepancy in side effects that were unfounded.[9]
- ^ "History of Vaccine Safety History | Ensuring Safety | Vaccine Safety | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 2019-01-10. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ Chen, R. T.; Hibbs, B. (1998-7). "Vaccine safety: current and future challenges". Pediatric Annals. 27 (7): 445–455. ISSN 0090-4481. PMID 9677616.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "Ensuring Vaccine Safety Ensuring Safety | Vaccine Safety | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 2018-12-12. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ "Making Safe Vaccines | NIH: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases". www.niaid.nih.gov. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ "Vaccines: Vac-Gen/Side Effects". www.cdc.gov. 2018-07-12. Retrieved 2019-03-12.
- ^ "Possible Side-effects from Vaccines". 2018-07-12.
- ^ a b Sugarman SD (September 2007). "Cases in vaccine court--legal battles over vaccines and autism". The New England Journal of Medicine. 357 (13): 1275–7. doi:10.1056/NEJMp078168. PMID 17898095.
- ^ Nichol KL, Margolis KL, Lind A, Murdoch M, McFadden R, Hauge M, Magnan S, Drake M (July 1996). "Side effects associated with influenza vaccination in healthy working adults. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial". Archives of Internal Medicine. 156 (14): 1546–50. doi:10.1001/archinte.1996.00440130090009. PMID 8687262.
- ^ Oraby T, Thampi V, Bauch CT (April 2014). "The influence of social norms on the dynamics of vaccinating behaviour for paediatric infectious diseases". Proceedings. Biological Sciences. 281 (1780): 20133172. doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.3172. PMC 4078885. PMID 24523276.