Muslim Shaikh: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
RaviSharma21 (talk | contribs) more citations alongside content Tags: Reverted Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
RaviSharma21 (talk | contribs) citation fix Tags: Reverted Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} |
||
{{Use Pakistani English|date=January 2020}} |
{{Use Pakistani English|date=January 2020}} |
||
The '''Muslim Shaikh''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|'''مسلمان شيخ '''}}}}) are a community found in the [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] province of [[Pakistan]]. The Shah Khel community of the [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], has similar roots. Along with [[Watal]]s in [[Kashmir]], they are involved in [[Manual scavenging]] and cleaning activities.<ref>{{cite web | title=Kashmir's manual scavengers, facing segregation and discrimination, say society is in denial about caste bias | website=Firstpost | date=2019-06-15 | url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/kashmirs-manual-scavengers-facing-segregation-and-discrimination-say-society-is-in-denial-about-caste-bias-6818501.html/amp | access-date=2020-10-15}}</ref> They also face [[untouchability]] based on [[Caste system in India|caste]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Zaffar | first=Hanan | title=The outcasts of Kashmir: Why no one wants to talk about the residents of Sheikh Colony | website=DailyO | date=2018-07-01 | url=https:/www.dailyo.in/variety/kashmir-caste-discrimination-islam-caste-system-watalpurs-menial-labour-sweepers-srinagar/story/1/25159.html | access-date=2020-10-15}}</ref> |
The '''Muslim Shaikh''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|'''مسلمان شيخ '''}}}}) are a community found in the [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] province of [[Pakistan]]. The Shah Khel community of the [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], has similar roots. Along with [[Watal]]s in [[Kashmir]], they are involved in [[Manual scavenging]] and cleaning activities.<ref>{{cite web | title=Kashmir's manual scavengers, facing segregation and discrimination, say society is in denial about caste bias | website=Firstpost | date=2019-06-15 | url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/kashmirs-manual-scavengers-facing-segregation-and-discrimination-say-society-is-in-denial-about-caste-bias-6818501.html/amp | access-date=2020-10-15}}</ref> They also face [[untouchability]] based on [[Caste system in India|caste]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Zaffar | first=Hanan | title=The outcasts of Kashmir: Why no one wants to talk about the residents of Sheikh Colony | website=DailyO | date=2018-07-01 | url= https://www.dailyo.in/variety/kashmir-caste-discrimination-islam-caste-system-watalpurs-menial-labour-sweepers-srinagar/story/1/25159.html | access-date=2020-10-15}}</ref> |
||
There are a number of traditions as to the origin of the Muslim Shaikhs. Most of these carry its history back to [[Valmiki|Balmik]], as the ancestor of the tribe. Many members of the [[Hindu]] [[Dalit]] community converted to [[Christianity]] during the [[British Raj]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Caste Away: The Ongoing Struggle of Pakistan's Punjabi Christians | website=The Wire | date=2009-07-30 | url=https://thewire.in/religion/pakistan-punjabi-christians | access-date=2020-10-15}}</ref> After the [[Partition of India|independence]] of [[Pakistan]] in 1947, many of the [[Christians|Christian]] accepted [[Islam]] and they known as [[Deendar]]. [[Dīn]] means ''religion'' and Dar means ''follower'' in [[Urdu language]].<ref>[http://tribune.com.pk/story/357765/pakistans-caste-system-the-untouchables-struggle/ Pakistan’s caste system: The untouchable's struggle]</ref> |
There are a number of traditions as to the origin of the Muslim Shaikhs. Most of these carry its history back to [[Valmiki|Balmik]], as the ancestor of the tribe. Many members of the [[Hindu]] [[Dalit]] community converted to [[Christianity]] during the [[British Raj]].<ref>{{cite web | title=Caste Away: The Ongoing Struggle of Pakistan's Punjabi Christians | website=The Wire | date=2009-07-30 | url=https://thewire.in/religion/pakistan-punjabi-christians | access-date=2020-10-15}}</ref> After the [[Partition of India|independence]] of [[Pakistan]] in 1947, many of the [[Christians|Christian]] accepted [[Islam]] and they known as [[Deendar]]. [[Dīn]] means ''religion'' and Dar means ''follower'' in [[Urdu language]].<ref>[http://tribune.com.pk/story/357765/pakistans-caste-system-the-untouchables-struggle/ Pakistan’s caste system: The untouchable's struggle]</ref> |
||
Revision as of 18:22, 15 October 2020
The Muslim Shaikh (Urdu: مسلمان شيخ ) are a community found in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The Shah Khel community of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, has similar roots. Along with Watals in Kashmir, they are involved in Manual scavenging and cleaning activities.[1] They also face untouchability based on caste.[2]
There are a number of traditions as to the origin of the Muslim Shaikhs. Most of these carry its history back to Balmik, as the ancestor of the tribe. Many members of the Hindu Dalit community converted to Christianity during the British Raj.[3] After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, many of the Christian accepted Islam and they known as Deendar. Dīn means religion and Dar means follower in Urdu language.[4]
During the 19th century, many Hindus converted to Islam, especially in the western parts of Punjab, and the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.[citation needed]
They were merchants of the village communities, and used to live in huts at a distance from the village. Their job included collecting taxes from houses. But by the 19th century, most of them had taken to agricultural work. They were paid in cash by the farmers.[citation needed]
Language
They speak various dialects of Punjabi, depending where they reside.
Present circumstances
A recent report on the conditions of the Shah Khel community came to this conclusion:
- "The respondents in this village claim to have settled in this village over 200 years ago. They live in a cluster of 30 houses 300 yards from the main houses of the village. The houses used to number 200 at first. Their people used to earn from agricultural and livestock work. Some went to the city and made some savings. Now the community is divided between the richer ones who do the livestock business and live outside the village in nearby cities, and the others who are permanent residents and do agricultural and domestic work. Their families have served the landlords of Jutt for many generations. The wealthier community members who left the village still come back to marry their children within the clan. They get free wood and milk from the landlord on weddings and deaths." [5] It is further found that many Shah Khel were still involved in their traditional occupation of begging.
Shah Khel also suffer from being bonded labourers, as a number of recent studies have shown.[citation needed]
See also
References
- ^ "Kashmir's manual scavengers, facing segregation and discrimination, say society is in denial about caste bias". Firstpost. 15 June 2019. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
- ^ Zaffar, Hanan (1 July 2018). "The outcasts of Kashmir: Why no one wants to talk about the residents of Sheikh Colony". DailyO. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
- ^ "Caste Away: The Ongoing Struggle of Pakistan's Punjabi Christians". The Wire. 30 July 2009. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
- ^ Pakistan’s caste system: The untouchable's struggle
- ^ http://se2.isn.ch/serviceengine/FileContent?serviceID=10&fileid=3C132E93-A640-AA92-7BAD-92FE85D6EE11&lng=en [dead link]